Diuretics mechanism of action, uses | Renal system Physiology | Pharmacology mbbs

Pharmacology lecture on renal system physiology and renal pharmacology details mechanism of action of diuretics.
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Diuretics are substances that increase the flow rate of urine. Most of the classes of diuretics work by increasing both the solute as well as water loss.
1. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: They inhibit the carbonic anhydrase enzyme present in epithelial cells lining the proximal convultae tubule. Thus, they decrease the reabsorptionof sodium as well as that of bicarbonate. Due to this, there is decrease in pH causing metabolic acidosis. They ae used mianly to block carbonic anhydrase enzyme in eyes especially in open angle glaucoma and in high altitude sickness where they prevent the development of metabolic alkalosis.
2. Loop diuretics: Loop diuretics inhibit sodium potassium 2cl- transporter. This interefers with both the concentration as well as dilution of urine. They are very effective diuretics since they interfere with absorptiono f approximatelu 25% of sodium reabsorptionin nephron.
3. Thiazide diuretics: These diuretics act on distal convulated tubule where they block sodium chloride symporter. They mainly interfere with dilutionof urine and not with concentrationo f urine. They are moderately effective diuretics which interfere with 5-10% of reabsorption of filtered sodium.
4. Potassium sparing diuretics: They act on late distal tubule and collecting ducts. They act by inhibiting either epithelial sodium channels or mineralocorticoid receptors. They are not very effective diuretics as such but when combined with other diuretics, they help in preventing the development of hypokalmeic alkalosis.
5. Osmotic diuretics. Osmotic diuretics interfere mainly with reabsorption of water and not of solutes.Osmotic diuretics, are filtered from the glomerulus but are not absorbed and tend to remain in the tubular fluid. Hence,in descending limb of loop of henle which is permeable to water, they prevent the movement of water out from tubular lumen since they exert on osmotic pull on water.
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[@nikitaacharjee814]

This is proper diuretics video i have ever found.

[@PhysiologyOpen]

So happy you found it useful. Keep learning

[@prithvirajbanerjee1547]

Ma'am you're simply amazing! I'm so grateful that you post this content online for free access. My prostrations to you.

[@PhysiologyOpen]

Happy to help! Thank you

[@ddk48200]

After searching lots of vidio ,i found perfect explanation in short time.thanks

[@PhysiologyOpen]

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[@jayashreepawde1493]

No one can explain it better than you ma'am. May your channel keep growing🤗

[@PhysiologyOpen]

Thank you so much. Happy that you liked it

[@jayashreepawde1493]

Welcome ma'am. Please make similar video on antineoplastic agents also.

[@PhysiologyOpen]

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[@shresthaagarwal3662]

Thank you so much ma'am for this excellent explaining.

[@PhysiologyOpen]

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[@suryaprasantnaram5141]

Amazing lecture on diuretics mam... Tq

[@PhysiologyOpen]

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[@familymoments1040]

Lovely explanation mam. Thank you

[@PhysiologyOpen]

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[@Vishnupriya-ro3zn]

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[@aishidey2463]

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[@Asquare369]

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[@PhysiologyOpen]

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[@Apratim98]

Why tolvapton, ace inhibitors and arbs not included in diuretics while they also increase urine production ?

[@PhysiologyOpen]

Goodman and Gilmann had given a separate chapter on them, not in classes of diuretics. Plus tolvapton used for hyponatremia which is not the case with other diuretics. Respect your doubt though, may add a second part as per your thought

[@Apratim98]

@@PhysiologyOpen ok thank you mam!

[@Robakhaled211]

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[@PhysiologyOpen]

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[@riteshchaurasia8016]

Mam Plz explain why the same h2co3 dissociates into h2o and co2 in lumen and h and Hco3 in cell..!?why thiazide causes hypercalcemia..?mam plz explain why/how ..mechanism behind.. decrease tgf causes increase in rbf and gfr ..

[@PhysiologyOpen]

The reaction proceeds depending on the concentration of ions. In lumen h2co3 is more so it proceeds towards formation of h2o and co2...in cell otherwise

[@PhysiologyOpen]

Decrease tgf increases gfr by full mechanism due to increased renin release and hence increased angiotensin formation which increases bp...this increasing rbf. It also has effect on renal arterioles.plus there is role of adenosine also. A subject of another video perhaps

[@riteshchaurasia8016]

@@PhysiologyOpen more explanation ..Plz..on luminal h2co3

[@PhysiologyOpen]

H3co3 is filtered in lumen (in gfr) that’s why it’s luminal concentration is high...so the reaction proceeds in another direction (this is basic chemistry of reactants and products in a reversible reaction)

[@riteshchaurasia8016]

@@PhysiologyOpen thank u mam

[@dentanatomy]

,❤️

[@PhysiologyOpen]

😊