Dividing the Middle East - The Great Loot - Extra History - Part 1

📜 History of Dividing the Middle East: The Great Loot - Way back in one of our first Extra History series, on the beginning of World War I, we talked about how at the end of the war the victorious powers carved up the Middle East-men in drawing rooms deciding the fate of peoples they did not understand, and in some cases, lands they had never visited.
This is the story of how that came to happen, a tale of revolts, secret treaties, betrayal, a struggle for homelands, and a British counterinsurgency operation in Iraq.
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#ExtraHistory #MiddleEast #History

[@shudheshvelusamy7644]

I shudder to think about how many magnificent mustaches they had to draw for this episode.

[@alexandersturnn4530]

Ah yes... Arguably the biggest "What could possibly go wrong?"-Moment in History.

[@Carewolf]

WW1? Yeah.

[@stevencooper4422]

Who knew there were so many billions of barrels of oil there???

[@damncritics]

And probably the main reason why the Middle East is as fucked up as it is right now. AlternateHistoryHub did a great video about how it was probably the worst possible outcome for the region.

[@Zlonk7]

That would be the scramble for Africa

[@alexandersturnn4530]

@@Carewolf I meant the Sykes-Picot-Agreement. But WW1 arguably qualifies too.

[@huseyin985]

"If you see two fishes fighting in the river, know that a long legged Englishman has just passed from there!"

[@oliverclark8441]

that's a good quote- where's it from?

[@htoodoh5770]

Who say that?

[@paulludwigewaldvonkleist4039]

Yeah

[@95bekirable]

@@htoodoh5770 It's an Irish saying i think.

[@guventheguvenor4485]

@@htoodoh5770 i believe its an old saying of the first nations

[@Vienna3080]

“I’ll just draw this line through here, it’s my land now, and it not like this land is gonna stop being my mine or anything, what could go wrong”

[@acatreassuresyouthateveryt7842]

narrator : "everything goes wrong"

[@RudyG01]

Levo?

[@BoraCM]

'So we'll draw a line here in the middle of the desert, ignoring all tribal boundaries 'cos we own this place anyway so I don't really see it being a problem. Can I please have a sandwich?'

[@garabic8688]

Well as much as people complain that they didn’t look at ethnic lines and stuff like that, Europe also had countries that had control not over ethnic lines. France for example controls Occitan regions, Italy has several regional differences etc. The problem comes in when an empire collapses, violence always follows. As we see in the video, these tensions were already built up before France and Britain took the Middle East. Ethnic and religious tensions were there, but when the colonial empires left, no one was there to keep these tensions down.

[@connorthompson66]

@@garabic8688 People give Britain flak about dividing the middle-east along arbitrary lines, but people also complain that Britain divided India among religious lines.

[@cammrose]

British in 1916: “Whoops! It seems that drawing lines dividing communities causes conflict in the region.” British in 1947: “I’ll feckin’ do it again”

[@slowerthinker]

Jinnah demanded a seperate state for the muslims, the British didn't mind whether India was divided into 2 or 3 states or united.

[@lewisham]

@@slowerthinker Indians love blaming the British for this (while continuing to hate Pakistan).

[@stansman5461]

@@slowerthinker Yeah, but they did mess around with regions who had no business belonging to the other. Like the famous Ferozpur

[@mewmew8932]

Empire at it's finest

[@1czechit1]

Yes you can really draw lines around Muslim Sunni, Shia, Christian groups lf all kinds, Jewish subdivisions, Samaritans, Mandieans, Druze, Alawite, Yezidi...oh and Kurds, can't forget about cheese.

[@johnnybadboy3475]

“The Ottoman Empire was not the sick man of Europe.” *_spends 4 minutes explaining why the Ottoman Empire was weak_*

[@silversnakeproductions3241]

directly and immediately after he said that line too

[@edireland8983]

It seems that if there was only one sick man in Europe, it was probably Austria Hungary, but if there are two, then the Ottoman's are too

[@19MAD95]

Yeah that take is bad. The Ottoman decline like a sick man, was something that took a long time. See battles in the 1500.

[@andrewklang809]

The Ottomans were already in severe decline by 1800. France sent an army to occupy Egypt, and the Ottomans had to call in the British to kick them out. And two decades after that, they effectively lost Egypt to one of their own generals, and had to rely on Britain again to prevent this rebellious general from seizing the rest of the Ottoman Arab lands. And this is after the Great Powers blew up the Ottoman navy to guarantee Greek independence. The Ottomans were already a political football long before the mid 1800s.

[@sarasamaletdin4574]

It’s good for historians to re-examine previous thoughts. And we should not think historical events like fall do Ottoman Empire was inevitable. However it doesn’t mean we should ignore the big issues Ottoman Empire had.

[@oranjethefox8725]

Ima just draw this line here, I see no problem! foresight, something empires lacked...

[@JohnSmith-oe5rx]

The Mythical Mr.Kraken European empires you mean, some empire’s could do it

[@Broodborn]

Divide and rule.

[@macdom24]

It was a feature, not a bug. Divide people up from their original tribal loyalties, cause them to fight amongst themselves so they can never unite and challenge European supremacy.

[@yasminafarih3681]

@@Broodborn Pretty much it, really. Even if they did try to understand the people.

[@noahjohnson935]

Alot of the longer lasting empires did. The Ottomans, the Persians, the Byzantines, and many others did have foresight that kept them stable and strong for years. It's when they loose the foresight that let them to greatness and let them hold it when issues start to crop up.

[@vivetv3710]

Arabs: You are gonna honor your promise and give us our own country, right? Britain: Well yes, but actually no.

[@moustachepig43]

*Replace Arabs with any other imperialized ethnic group*

[@muksimulmaad7413]

i wonder why anyone trusted britain the same shit happened inside india too lmao

[@amtahboub]

I’m Arab, and honestly, they deserve it for betrayal, and for becoming allies for the sake of some gold for a few people

[@biliminsrlar5752]

@@muksimulmaad7413 there was a guy named Şerif Hüseyin,he was a descendet of Prophet Muhammed's family and became governor of Mecca after Abdülhamid lost the throne.Abdülhamid knew that guy would try to use his ancestory to convince people he must be the king but Young Turks didn't listen. At WW1 the opportunity Hüseyin wanted came and that idiot helped the British and then some idiot Arabs betrayed the Ottomans just because of that guy.

[@user-sx1mm1sl6u]

@@amtahboub The Great Arab revolt was necessary, the Ottomans became too oppressive for the local Arab population.

[@kellybeck4579]

As Alternate History Hub puts it: the events that out the Middle East on the darkest timeline.

[@zackamor8043]

Not really, the middle east have known much much worse. Think about the Mongol Empire and the Timurid Empire. They literaly burned and killed people en mass. 100ds of towns became totally depopulated.

[@svenkobus4356]

@@zackamor8043 well you you are right but isn't really relevant or anything.

[@mixtapemania6769]

@@svenkobus4356 it was relevant af back then. Despite how bad that was, they recovered. what is the difference now?

[@zackamor8043]

@@svenkobus4356 What you see right now was going to happen anyway. Arabs are greedy and were never fully unified. Each arab province even during the reign of the caliphates had autonomy and cultivated their own cultures with their own different baggage of history. There is no way that some so called desdendant of a prophet from Medina could lead a whole swat of land from Yemen and Oman and Egypt and the Levant and Sham till the present day borders of Turkey. I'm not minimizing what those French and British politicians did, all i'm saying is that the middle east was never going to remain a unified block. Instead, new different countries would form. What it would have definetly have stopped was the formation of Israël through mass migration of so called Jews to Palestine which was allowed by the British.

[@SpencerCarter2301]

@@svenkobus4356 how isnt it relevant all of history is relevant next you'll be saying the napoleonic wars are irrelevant,the mongols spread out Islam and that then lead to the different types of Islam.People constantly blame the British not realising that the later governments after they became independent could've stopped what is happening,but no they persuaded more hatred in their countries by trying to suppress them.

[@bonboll5012]

British: 'promises land and independence to the Arabs' also the British: 'well yes but actually no' Arabs: "say sike right now" British: "Sykes-Picott agreement" Arabs: "Not that Sike!"

[@samyebeid4534]

Brilliant

[@eshai27]

😂😂😂

[@aman-hl9re]

Exactly

[@tomertsoran2144]

British: 'promises land and independence to the Jews.' also the British: 'well yes but actually no' British: *gives weapons to those who murder Jews and confiscates the weapons of the Jews instead of keeping the order in their territory.* *There is still a war in the holy land for about 100 years*

[@Pavlos_Charalambous]

@@tomertsoran2144 or as a British politician ones said " we sold the same horse twice "

[@BlueflameKing1]

And so we begin the treaty that would turn the Middle East into a bloody battlefield for the next century. Edit: Dang, most likes I ever got acomment, thank you for the likes and replies.

[@stunner9005]

The Middle East has always been a bloody battlefield. It usually takes oppressive regimes to keep it peaceful.

[@OneLostTexan]

How is your comment 23 hours old yet the video is only a couple of minutes?

[@diogoandre756]

How the... 23 hours?!?

[@cosuinofdeath]

Turn that’s a joke right

[@mertsoup9113]

@@diogoandre756 it wouldn't even make sense for minutes

[@coyote47713]

Arabs: NOOOOOO!!! You can't just draw lines on a map totally ignoring cultural and religious differences! England and France: Hehe pen go scribble

[@user-sx1mm1sl6u]

Except the problem with the lines weren't that that they ignored cultural and religious differences, the problem was that the line was drawn in the first place. They divided the Arab world into different countries when the people living there wanted unity.

[@adolfhitlerhitlerhitler4631]

معرفة و ترفيه I didn't really take time to think but uniting the middle east could have been even worse since there are many minorities. I personally thinks that it should have been a confederal or federal states (however with different borders for each state respecting ethnicity)

[@s1mtl2mm98]

Africans, SE Asians: First time?

[@fuzzyhair321]

@@user-sx1mm1sl6u can't have a United Arab state. And honestly I doubt it will ever exist, not with Iran, Saudi Arabia, israel, turkey will jocking now

[@lucidnonsense942]

@@user-sx1mm1sl6u at the time, as many people wanted independence as unity... Bedouins didn't want to live with Arabs, who didn't want to live with Turks, Shi'ite didn't want to live with the Sunni. The Levant was having a competition for the highest number of sects and clans, that wanted their own state, per square kilometre... The Kurds thought that this time, finally, it's their time to shine. Persia thought that they should rule the peninsula and the holy sites, which really pissed off the Egyptians who were disliked by the clans that would become Saudis... And that's just the major splits off the top of my head, I'm sure I forgot quite a few. Pan-Arabism had an enthusiastic minority, but they were a minority, one that was really distrusted by all the other religious and ethnic groups. So yeah, the entente carved up the Middle East for their own benefit; but it's not like there was a unified movement opposing them.

[@ahmedshaharyarejaz9886]

The Sykes-Picot agreement is why so many people from the Middle-East and even North Africa are now in Europe and are still going there.

[@PedroAguiar]

Well, in the case of Africa it was earlier, in the scramble (1883 Berlin Congress).

[@gfoot9916]

Saif Center Its not “Europeans” it’s just the French and the British. It’s also the Arabs’ fault for trusting them.

[@aaronman4772]

T.E. Lawrence: Mentioned My Mind: “SEVEN PILLARS OF WISDOM LIGHTS THE FLAME” I may have listened to too much Sabaton while in isolation.

[@elienajem5631]

Lmao

[@bigchap5794]

TAFLIAH MADINA DAMASCUS CALLS!

[@abhinath1260]

Same.

[@abhinath1260]

@@bigchap5794 SABOTAGE! DEMOLISH THE BRIDGES TO DUST!

[@elienajem5631]

@@abhinath1260 AS THE DARKNESS FALLS AND ARABIA CALLS

[@thefrogger6507]

"One man named T. E. Lawrence..." *Me:* AS THE DARKNESS FALLS AND ARABIA CALLS!!!!!!

[@someonesilence3731]

XD

[@howlingdin9332]

ONE MAN SPREADS HIS WINGS, AS THE BATTLE BEGINS!!

[@navetal]

Maybe we should wait with that until next episode...

[@eedwardgrey2]

Funnily enough Sabaton uploaded their live performance of Seven Pillars of Wisdom almost simultaneously

[@martijn9568]

And I only see Indy Neidell when I read T. E. Lawrence

[@mu2960]

America: Were isolationist. Also America: Oil you say?

[@mister_grizzlee5105]

We're *

[@adnanchinisi7871]

America stopped being isolationist in 1898

[@classicminer191]

@@adnanchinisi7871 r/whoooosh

[@JohnSmith-oe5rx]

mark ujevich You have to understand that America wasn’t busy with oil stuff, once they had a deal with the Saudi’s it was enough for the US Government. That kinda changed after the Soviets fell, we tried to influence the middle east and let’s say that Bush didn’t do it very well.

[@powerist209]

They did it after WW1 though. To be fair, consider how many popular consensus at the time see it as miserable and pointless along with Wilson not being that rosy (I mean he is certainly authoritarian despite his 14 points plan, but Cynical Historian see it as somewhat self serving and he also didn’t follow its idea in case of Armenia).

[@MrSam1er]

8:57 there is an error here : the Ottoman is doing his pact with a Frenchman, not a German

[@thomasrinschler6783]

That's Field Marshall Conrad of Austria-Hungry.

[@ArkadiBolschek]

@@thomasrinschler6783 Never seen Conrad von Hötzendorf wearing a French kepi.

[@magnemerstrand2289]

@@ArkadiBolschek Just googled it you can see pictures of him wearing a blue uniform like that

[@spacekiller2487]

@@thomasrinschler6783 He's not austrian because he is the same man from when France and Britain divide the pie at the beginning I think they made a mistake here

[@spacekiller2487]

@@magnemerstrand2289 yeah but the kepi is typically a french kepi like Petain's for exemple

[@oboe6856]

T E Lawrence. Honestly one of the most interesting people of the 20th century, who's death even has some conspiracy about it! Can't wait to see the rest of the episodes!

[@crusaderiguess6102]

I noticed a lie: The Ottomans threw in with the central powers, yet they show a ottoman Soldier shaking hands with a Frenchman

[@flaviusvector1543]

its an austrian

[@jevinliu4658]

It's explained in 5:40... well, not exactly. Britain was still currying favor with the Ottomans (most notably by building a series of dreadnoughts for them). And yes, the Germans were also doing so. That and Pan-Turkic nationalism propelled the Ottomans into war.

[@zalanhallgato6022]

@@flaviusvector1543 no it's not

[@poke-champ4256]

Its called Mistake,not Lie....

[@andrewklang809]

@@poke-champ4256 You're new to this channel, aren't you?

[@CSLucasEpic]

Is Three Million a lot? Winston Churchill: It depends on the context. British lives, yes, Indian lives, no.

[@ibnbattuta7031]

funny, but not fully relevant

[@KouNagai]

Poor indians :(

[@hotpoteita245]

Ishir Mehra will be revelant after a few episodes if we see ottoman army stuckwiping british indian army

[@ibnbattuta7031]

@Zahin Shahazad what, i'm not a brit. f*ck churchill though

[@mirzahamzabaig5667]

Is this like a personal attack or something?

[@wilsthelimit]

Please do more seasons of WW1, it’s in my opinion the most important event in modern history

[@Kobolds_in_a_trenchcoat]

That's a sad reality. I don't disagree, it's just that there really isn't that great an explanation for why ww1 even happened beyond a ton of conflicting agreements between European nations and pointless almost directionless nationalism.

[@painvillegaming4119]

@@Kobolds_in_a_trenchcoat that was a inevitable

[@painvillegaming4119]

That is not a opinion it a fact

[@thenarrator2424]

I am a little bit conflicted on the choice of skin color of the Abdulhamid the Second because I have seen his photo, he is whiter than an Englishmen. Not to mention, Turks are mostly white as well and even some Arabs under the ottomans could be considered white, not brown-ish.

[@mpspenguin2]

nothing like good ol' imperial powers drawing straight lines because it looks nicer on a map without a care for the consequences (see: Africa)

[@dylanchouinard6141]

In the words of John Oliver: When the lines are squiggly, the people get squiggly!

[@ibnbattuta7031]

*slaps line* this makes aboslute sense and will never cause any damage. but really, hindsight is 20/20

[@adamlavoie4524]

Those straight lines run through the Arabian Desert, not many people living there. Also when the borders were finalized they were not ruler straight, they asked the various bedouin tribes who roamed the desert wjere their tribal alliances lay and assigned borders based on their oasis. Not mere arbitrary lines on a map.

[@sircoloniser5454]

It’s only really in the Sahara which is understandable cause no natural bounderies

[@cometmoon4485]

@@adamlavoie4524 CITATION NEEDED. CITATION NEEDED. CITATION NEEDED.

[@enjoyer9542]

oil:is found in the ottoman empire American "religious" tourist NOTE THAT DOWN NOTE THAT DOWN

[@ArcMedicalResearch]

hey they WERE religious tourists, on a pilgrimage for their gods: Capital and Oil

[@grayscribe1342]

@@ArcMedicalResearch Reminds me of a line from a mercenary in an unrelated comic: "Even in the heart of a religious revolution our god was still green."

[@enjoyer9542]

ArcMedicalResearch you actually make a good point if that wasn’t European as fuck

[@henryyin2471]

Let me help you out with the template Oil: Is found in the Ottoman Empire American "religious" tourists: WRITE THAT DOWN, WRITE THAT DOWN!

[@hypersp3ce596]

there were waay more british, why do you depict the americans?

[@Kaiyanwang82]

It's really a minor thing but why is this channel convinced that people in Greece or Anatolia are as dark as people in Somalia?

[@seancampbell6292]

That olive complexion is hard to give to a cartoon.

[@chillin5703]

well, to nitpick, somalis are generally darker than this so Anyway i agree with the sentiment. I wonder why they consistently do this. Im not sure they realize what tropes they play into with it. Like, we have art depicting these people. They shouldve used a broader range with this representing the darker people. And no, olive isnt hard to do in cartoons.

[@allseeingcctv2760]

@@seancampbell6292 you just paint em green

[@seancampbell6292]

@@allseeingcctv2760 they're Greeks, not orcs.

[@thugyheadbanger]

@@seancampbell6292 I died here 😂 We call the complexion of Greece, the Balkans and the Levant as wheat complexion 😅

[@andersonandrighi4539]

I think many historians, myself included, have a miss interpretation of the expression sick man of Europe when referring to the Ottoman Empire. That Empire was sick in the sense that where European Empires could muster modern troops (to early 20th century tech) and expand the Ottoman Empire could not. Their power was contained and unlike the German Empire who was also contained they have little technical innovation when compared to the first

[@craigkdillon]

My impression is that the Ottoman Empire was economically and financially weak. It could hardly stand on its own. As for military - a modern military required a modern economy, industry, railroads, and infrastructure --- none of which it had. Britain had already taken Egypt (by foreclosing on it). France had colonized Algeria. So, yes it was sick. Very sick. Time to kill the patient.

[@nayeemhaider8367]

@@craigkdillon Still healthy enough to outlive its ancient rivals Imperial Russia and Austria- Hungary though

[@stephenjenkins7971]

@@nayeemhaider8367 Both Imperial Russia and the Austro-Hungarian Empire were considered backwards and sick respectively as well. Russia was only feared due to its immense resources, while the AH's were just a joke.

[@mewmew8932]

In other news: Britain has been accused of using Empire to do a small amount of trolling with people's lives

[@oakoakoak2219]

I am going to say it, TE Lawrence is no hero that should be mythified. He led the Arab revolt knowing full well the British plans for the region.

[@abdullahabu6439]

too true

[@thatone1280]

No really knows if he knew or not. It is more probable he didn't know. But even with all the choas in the middle east it's better than to be part of the genocidal ottmons.

[@addisonwelsh]

The Arab Revolt would have happened whether Lawrence was there or not. He couldn't really refuse either, if he did, he'd be guilty of mutiny, and that was punishable by a firing squad.

[@oakoakoak2219]

@@thatone1280 He knew, it was written in his memoirs He remarks that it is unfortunate but he must serve his country

[@holypaladin4657]

peeravich chirakunakorn Lawrence drew his own map to divide the Middle East. One, in which, in my opinion, favoured the natives more.

[@iwangee]

The moustaches in this episode are glorious.

[@crispysamosa5250]

With so much internal intrigues and outside pressure, the Ottomans lost all of their territory creating power vacuums in the the Balkans, middle east, caucuses and North Africa. The power grabs led to so many wars and the conflicts can still be felt today.

[@erkdenizvargez9225]

As a Turk, I can say that he pronounces "Abdülhamit" really good.

[@ozhaneren3543]

ona araplar karar verir

[@math3000]

Constantinople Haven't heard of that name for a long time

[@theArab__]

Colorful Meta4 nice I know the song

[@math3000]

@Colorful Meta4 heh, nice

[@abcdef27669]

The Ottoman Empire was a good example of how "old dogs still bites".

[@kevinolmedo675]

-Where we droppin' bois? Tilted? -Middle East; good loot there bro

[@abnerq.cheeseburgerjr111]

1:14 what could possibly go wrong? " 100 year's later" , 'oh I see:

[@jokuvaan5175]

I wish I had a time machine. I would like to go back in time and kick the gentlemen who made this deal in the nuts

[@8h723]

Go back 10 seconds and you see a Walpole

[@CemKumral]

Why did you draw the Turks like Ethiopoans?

[@ArkadiBolschek]

They didn't. I've been to Ethiopia.

[@sarasamaletdin4574]

Ethiopians are much darker. These people look like many African-Americans who have in general around 30% European ancestry. But this channel has issues of thinking Middle-Easterns are generic brown.

[@chillin5703]

Sara Samaletdin lmao, the only reason you think these people generally look like african americans is because media overrpresents lighter shades, and generally more ‘mixed’ african americans - an african american

[@francogiobbimontesanti3826]

Chillin' Afro americans them selves are actually mixed raced. Only refugees that arrived yesterday from Sudan are actually black. Check up the genetic make up of Afro Americans you will be surprised. Even white people in america aren’t fully white.

[@mbm747]

Sara Samaletdin yes also the sharif hussain doesn’t look like that

[@JohnnyElRed]

What did Bismarck once said? That he did not know how or when the next conflict would begin, but that he was certain it would be for a damn mess on the Balkans? Well, it seems today we can say the same for the Middle East. I don't know if we are going to have a conflict as big because of it, but it surely has already sparked many, and it will keep doing in the forseable future. And it all began here.

[@JohnSmith-oe5rx]

JohnnyElRed There’s a cold war in the middle east, and we kinda pulled oil by it by removing the dictatorship of Sadamm. The intension was to be good, but the greed for power in the middle east was too much for it to succeed

[@artofthepossible7329]

@@JohnSmith-oe5rx As the old saying goes "the road to hell is paved with good intentions".

[@alexanderchristopher6237]

JohnnyElRed I doubt it’ll be big like in the last 2 World Wars. Bismarck lived in an era before nukes. The people of the Middle East will suffer, yes, but the conflict won’t necessarily spill away. Though again, it’s not the fault of empires that the Balkans and Middle East were the way they are. It’s the fault of the people. I may sound too condescending here, but the people of the Balkans are always seeking at each other’s throat even after their independence from the Ottomans. Their Russian and Austrian liberators can’t do anything about that, and any attempt by outside powers to reconcile them ends in bigger conflict. Archduke Ferdinand, for example, presented a favorable front against the Serbs, yet he was killed by a Serb fanatic. So, how would I describe the people of the Middle East today? Too much driven by ethnicity and religion where every slight against their person is directed as a religious or ethnic problem. They are also too easily fooled by demagogues who pointed at external problems as their enemy, yet in fact the problem was within their own in the first place. In their mind, everything that’s wrong with them is the fault of the heathens like America, Russia, or Israel. It’s attitude like these that made Russia, America, and Israel laugh at them. While that’s partly true, the people in that region also forgot that they too are the problem as well. I mean, seriously, with the natural resources that the Arab nations have, they should have destroyed Israel 40-50 years ago. Even with the region split between America and Russia, they still could have unite to punish that one foe, yet they’re too busy fighting amongst themselves. CIA might have helped with that, but even they can’t make a region erupt in violence had there was no problem for them to stoke. All they just did is push them further.

[@systemreset9410]

Did you actually look at Abdülhamid's portrait? He isnt brown like its shown here.

[@biliminsrlar5752]

Yeah,for some reason they drew all the Turks like Arabs or Africans.

[@chillin5703]

Bilimin Sırları Many arabs dont even look like that

[@psyrus728]

Well I mean some skin colors are hard to draw

[@95bekirable]

@@chillin5703 True, i think only Bedouins and Gulf Arabs are this dark.

[@mbm747]

Also sharif Hussain isn’t brown

[@keremhassoy9556]

Thank You for covering a part of Ottoman history. Suleiman The Magnifcent episodes were awesome

[@arslanshahzad8971]

8:22 Hussain, the Sharif of Mecca was not the desendent of the Prophet Muhammad PBUH as he had no sons. Instead, Hussain was from the lineage of his cousin Ali of the Rashindun Caliphate.

[@Riastrad-hq6ds]

The Seminal Tragedy series is one of my most rewatched series to this date. Really excited to see a continuation on the period.

[@TheCreepypro]

props to the patrons for selecting this, it is an era in history I've always neglected but hearing about it now I realize how interesting it truly is especially since we are still living with some of the fallout that occurred during this era I can't wait to find out more

[@paweandonisgawralidisdobrz2522]

4:08 seems like the term "sick man of europe" was accurate for those times.

[@paweandonisgawralidisdobrz2522]

@erick meyer idk if your wooshing or not. If so then its a good one. If not then to clarify: I meant that the ottoman empire was the sick man (in a state of decline) in the late 19th century. Not any specific person being sick in the litteral meaning

[@paweandonisgawralidisdobrz2522]

@@rayNotGlorious its not woosh if i called it...

[@Pavlos_Charalambous]

@erick meyer if you think how wise and healthy place Austrio Hungarian empire was ... you can understand how desperate they was.

[@paweandonisgawralidisdobrz2522]

@@Pavlos_Charalambous roblox *OOOF* sound

[@SupremeLeaderKimJong-un]

The British are the masters at drawing straight lines through sand without a care in the world

[@griffingasink1099]

glad to see you are healthy dear leader!

[@redbluedragon7259]

Griffin Gasink I can agree with that sentiment dear leader

[@ArkadiBolschek]

Shut up Kim Jong-un, you're dead :v

[@petergray2712]

They learned from the Spanish and Portuguese: The 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas started this whole imaginary line drawing habit, only in this case they drew it on water.

[@mothmoth4413]

Europeans drawing borders:Rectangles

[@faizaiman4292]

United States: HMMM YESS

[@kilimounais9936]

africa: shame

[@TheGetout04]

African "States" enters the chat

[@redthered3242]

Moth Moth Yeah. Now everything is Rekt and the politics entangled

[@allium2718]

@@TheGetout04 It's not like africans drew those borders themselves.

[@francescovultaggio2540]

I started to read just a few days ago a very relevant book for this topic, "A peace to end all peace". I highly advice anyone who wants to know more on the topic of post WWI middle east to read it, it is at the same time well written and well documented.

[@kleinenfuchse5365]

Ahp der schroppel dem kärsistan?

[@ModelAAA90]

As an Arabian, the very title of this video... shook me. I don’t know what to expect for the most part... 😥

[@richardgray5660]

me too man, my heart hurts everytime i think about all the countries we have falling the middle east today, with people blaming religion. not saying religion doesnt play a role but i think its a minor role as they are human beings. just putting any one or few reasons isn't fair, there's many factor that play. if you swap humans from the Arab region and put them in the UK back when the romans invaded and created the country, you would still have the same West we have today.

[@tngtrivedi]

Britain and France dividing borders in the middle east: I am not too good at this. But it doesnt matter.

[@Xerxes2005]

They were no better in Africa...

[@millardwashington6216]

Don’t forget Eastern Europe

[@KasumiRINA]

@@millardwashington6216 Britain and France didn't split Eastern Europe, russia and Germany did. In 1772, 1793, 1795, 1814, 1815, 1831, 1846, 1864, 1914, 1920, 1939, 1945, 1968, 1989, 1991, 2008, then from 2014 and still ongoing.

[@yazeedmazen]

the moral of the story "NEVER TRUST THE BRITISH "

[@HIHaiki]

Never trust the west

[@shivuprasad4333]

Yes

[@gwenward2141]

Thank you guys so much for starting this series! I've always been frustrated that I don't know much about this conflict, and I know you guys will be objective enough to give a clear view of these events. Certainly a lot more objective that what I can expect from other sources of information I usually use.

[@barsakncoglu5847]

Why are many Turks in the video depicted so much "darker" skin colour wise than it should have been

[@hypersp3ce596]

is anything wrong with that?

[@dimostychalas9716]

@@hypersp3ce596 No, like there is nothing wrong with drawing the Zulus like Norsemen

[@ahmadhassan8466]

They look similar to Greeks lol

[@googane7755]

@ They maybe mixed but most have majority turkic genes that I'm certain of.

[@gamf5996]

All the Turks I’ve met are not as dark skinned as this depiction

[@merlijnboerema8404]

With all that is going on today, i think its good to look back at these and try and understand more about it

[@THECOMMUNISTCHANNEL]

Britain: *Break their promise* Arabs: dude, so uncool

[@user-xo1mj3db5g]

THE COMMUNIST CHANNEL sad but fact

[@baconninja4481]

1:15 New EC Fans: Lemme see that video OG EC Fans: That darn sandwich

[@cosuinofdeath]

Bacon Ninja new? How about old who still remember the voice of the creator of this channel

[@madmatt7059]

Bacon Ninja the sandwich that changed the world

[@discipleofdio1040]

"America ruined the middle east!" Britain, France, and the Ottomans: "Allow us to introduce ourselves."

[@anderskorsback4104]

The dividing line in that regard was the 1956 Suez Crisis. Up until that point, Britain and France had done imperialism as usual in the Middle East. Then, their inability to punish Egypt for its nationalization of the Suez Canal while simultaneously resisting American and Soviet demands to back off showed them that their time as imperial powers was over. Thus Britain and France withdrew, and the Middle East became another proxy war playground of the Cold War.

[@biliminsrlar5752]

1)Ottomans didn't ruin it. 2)USA joined the war and caused Ottomans to lose,Germans were winning and Russia was dead and Ottomans with Britain was at a stalemate at Northern Syria so its their fault too. 3)After France and UK left USA caused instability in the region to prevent Soviet infulence and amde anti communist terrorist groups.

[@SirDrakeFrancis]

what the ottomans did ?

[@basedimperialism]

Ottoman Empire: "We are so weak, please be nice to us when you make this peace treaty!" Britain and France: "We're taking everything you have in Europe and the Middle East." Ottoman Empire: "Go ahead! How could we stop you?" Britain and France: "Also, this bit of Anatolia." Ottoman Empire: *Giorno piano theme starts playing*

[@AmanKumarPadhy]

AH. The middle east. The land of straight lines because a British gentleman always uses a ruler.

[@richardryan3285]

Extra history: we want to thank our patrons on patreon. Thank you! Me: that is straight up Walpole...

[@brasilballs]

Walpole single-handedly funds all of Extra History on Patreon

[@ethanhughes3515]

This sounds like an incredibly interesting series on a set of events I have little to no knowledge about

[@osamaelsayed4553]

problem is, for us to be sure theyre saying the truth or not made too many mistakes, we gotta our own research

[@luciusvernus3174]

4:33 Goddamnit we are only on the first eposide!

[@i.t.2238]

"Hamidi massacres" (unlike ww1 massacres) we're result of ethnic in fighting and not genocide

[@erotokritos402]

@@i.t.2238 so the systematic mass murder and expulsion of 1.5 million ethnic Armenians carried out by the Ottoman government is not a genocide? Don't get me wrong this the definition of a genocide

[@greg_mca]

@@erotokritos402 I think they're referring to a different event, to the precursor of the Armenian genocide

[@95bekirable]

@@erotokritos402 Hamidian massacres were before the Armenian Genocide, a different event.

[@abdullaalmarri2232]

I always loved this channel since it was just a gaming channel, but loved ALL the new additions, now i see you have the kahones to touch on these topics, you carved a place in my heart

[@cmt3]

My cat looks up at me every time zoey meows

[@chronorebel_greatgryffon1312]

I hope they make an episode on legendary french knight Geoffroi de Charny. He freakin' *wrote* the Book of Chivalry and was recognized by both ally and enemy as the gretaest knight of his time. If Julie d'Aubigny was the incarnation of Lawful Good, he was the incarantion of Lawful Good.

[@marcusraines4803]

The Sheriff Of Mecca. That has to be one of the coolest titles I’ve heard on this show so far. I want a Middle Eastern Spaghetti western about the Arab Revolution now.

[@Mly92yt]

Consindering that his Lineage are from Prophet Muhammad SAW family and they control Mecca before His birth...

[@NeoXtheXbio]

Considering sherrif is an arabic word, spaghetti westerns are just middle eastern desert fantasies

[@biliminsrlar5752]

@@Mly92yt Muhammed wanted Muslims to choose leader by discussion with each other until the Osman's family Emevids turned the Caliphate to monarchy.Caliphate was supposed to be oligarchy-democracy because first 4 Caliph was decided by Muslims.

[@ahmedamine24]

@Angel Fox Also true for Jesus of Nazareth, but people still call him Jesus *Christ*.

[@iapetusmccool]

@@NeoXtheXbio no "sherrif" is English. Everyone is confusing it with "sharif", which is Arabic.

[@raz0229]

Pilgrimages in Middle East after seeing a possible oil drilling spot: _Write that down! Write that down!_

[@Savaris96]

Eh, gotta be honest here, the Ottomans would trade the title of "The sick old man in Europe" with Austria-Hungary and especially the Habsburg Dynasty on a weekly basis

[@khalidusman3705]

8:17 Peace be upon him❤

[@SsgtTucker]

As soon as T. E. Lawrence was brought up, my mind starting going "As the darkness falls and Arabia calls, one spreads his wings as the battle begins". High-five to anyone who gets that

[@mehmetsahsert3284]

Young turk revolution is the reason why we went in ww1 and consequently made armeanians suffer. Nationalist thoughts hurt us and our neighbours and it's wounds are still fresh as we cant get chill with any single one of our neighbours

[@randomguy4167]

Why is AbdulHamid II so dark?

[@phoenixblueknight]

Extra History, you may not be my teacher legally but I have learned so much from you over the span of 5 months. And you take such good care of what you research and put into your videos without getting controversial that you might as well be one in your own way! Especially during a pandemic.

[@gayemoffatt7134]

Who drew the agreement? It was Walpole...

[@catcharide56]

Nothing’s ever simple with the Middle East huh?

[@akasg06]

Cause of the British... as usual

[@cosuinofdeath]

No you both know why ask your prophet

[@masonvillegas7991]

Well it is in the middle of the east

[@JohnSmith-oe5rx]

In all honesty Muslim leadership keeps fucking up, first the British oppressed the Jews so they fought the Muslims and the British and then they made their own state. All Muslim countries declared war and they ended up with a huge state, and they oppressed the Muslims back lol.

[@skysthelimitvideos]

catcharide56 nope

[@AliAhmed-ni9ry]

Bismarck himself said " if wisdom were grains 90 is abdulhamid , 5 is in me and 5 in all the other politicians of europe"

[@rohatb]

My thoughts; Young Turks caused Ottomans to divide even more. Abdulhamid at least managed to keep remains of the empire together but with his deposition, Bulgaria declares independence, A-H occupies Bosnia permanently. Then comes the lose of Tripoli, Balkan Wars and finally, WW1. Of course Young Turks wanted to reform the empire but they were a bit dreaming and they were immediately divided to two parties which both will struggle for power and then, Three Pashas would seize the power and maybe, even have more power than sultan. Just months before 1. Balkan War, one of the ministers basically said "I am as confident as my faith about Balkans' current situation." Most of the Young Turk administrators were not that experienced/competent on their jobs.

[@DG924]

this channel is so underrated

[@affanhocaoglu7835]

Video is great but Turkish people (as long as I know) have more lighter skin color.

[@ostturkistan8763]

Right .

[@PedroAguiar]

@Tyler Durden That's right! Even because a large portion of the Turkish population descends from ancient Greek colonists of Asia Minor.

[@gamf5996]

True the Turks I’ve met are not as dark skinned

[@SirDrakeFrancis]

@@PedroAguiar more from asian nomads

[@thecourier2281]

Thank you guys at EH for making this series! I've been waiting for this one for years. Keep up the great work!

[@azizpaktia7672]

The saying goes: Whenever there is a conflict, a British should be close. Also those artificially created borders by the British and French will soon collapse, because the levante is not in its habitat form and the people longe for the unification

[@BrutusAlbion]

nah you must be smoking some hard crack there brother to believe that. Even if some of these groups were united, they can't stand on their own as nations and when you bunch them up together, they will fight each other over minor religious/ethnic disputes and supremacy. The only thing that can unify them is a Caliphate of sorts but that's not going to happen since the last Caliphate was crushed not that long ago and wasn't particularly ''good'' in the modern sense of the world.

[@SeArCh4DrEaMz]

good luck with that lol

[@mister_grizzlee5105]

It is more likely for China to recognize Taiwan as a country rather than a Unification in the middle east

[@craigkdillon]

Well the states are definitely unstable. Egypt is stable, since its people have a clear identity as Egyptian. But, Libya may fall apart. Syria may fall apart. Lebanon? who knows. Iraq may fall apart. Yet, Mesopotamia is an ancient region, with an ancient identity, so it might survive. IMO, Islam has lost its power as a unifying force because of all the violence done in its name. If you actually talk to Muslims, you will find that many have lost faith in it. They don't accept the intolerant extreme and violent form being promoted by the Wahabbist Saudi Regime. The peaceful forms of Islam are marginalized. Hence, in the US and Europe, a high percentage of "Muslims" are now practicing Christians, Atheists, and Agnostics.

[@ryanjapan3113]

jakeera 1995 don’t forget russia

[@farirairoserwasoka274]

John Oliver once said every problem in the world can be traced back to an Englishman drawing a line in the sand and saying there............learn to live with it............this is particularly relevant here

[@dominikbradvica9406]

So Extra Credits when will we see anything that fully goes deep into unknown history of the "Balkans", such as Croatia or Austro-Hungarian Empire and therie wars with Ottoman Empire histories , both are intresting and unknown to many vistors

[@leoh1418]

3:30 is just superb artwork

[@unmasking1244]

You guys are very brave in making this series especially with that title, nice. Good luck guys and keep your backs straight.

[@theArab__]

I HAVE FOUND YOU ONCE AGAIN

[@unmasking1244]

The Ba’athist Al Ali Bro long time no see, how have you been?

[@chinosarah]

I'm so happy you're covering this, it really helps to understand a lot of modern political issues and its just really interesting with some really fascinating characters (Lawrence in particular).

[@JCFan-mt4sh]

Notification be like: Italy has declared war against the Ottomans England has declared war against the Ottomans Russia has declared war against the Ottomans France has declared war against the Ottomans America has declared war against the Ottomans Arabia has declared war against the Ottomans

[@AliAhmed-ni9ry]

Abdulhamid was sooo good , if he were still in power the berlin Baghdad railway and hejaz railway would have made it an economic powerhousr

[@mr.tobacco1708]

I don't understand one thing about the video... Why Ottomans have Brown skin color?

[@filipscience685]

Psychologist: Demon Elephant does not exist he can't hurt you Demon Elephant: 6:26

[@Aphelia.]

3:18 wait WHAT I didn't knew that That's too good to be true Omg

[@faidonc]

「 Heaphilian 」 why are u so excited tho?

[@cageybee7221]

@@faidonc why are you so curious tho?

[@Tirocoa]

Only decriminalized. You're still severely discriminated against and even law enforcement wouldn't protect you from religious vigilantes either.

[@jokuvaan5175]

@@cageybee7221 Why are you asking these questions tho?

[@cageybee7221]

@@jokuvaan5175 why not tho?

[@othmanzainab]

Sultan Abdullhamid was also a tireless reformer who decreased Ottoman debt by 90% oversaw large infrastructure projects such as the Hijaz railroad and the Berlin-Bagdad railroad overhauled the education system (with some of first Schools in the modern middle east were built during his reign in areas like Palistine and Jordan) and tried to resist European imperialism for 30 years.

[@rmbee5412]

1:25 Ah yes, the universal themes of the human experience: revolution, deception, betrayal, geographical heritage, and...a British counterinsurgency operation.

[@greg_mca]

The sun never sets on the British empire because God doesn't trust the British in the dark

[@eyeofthepyramid2596]

@@greg_mca that sums up why it fell

[@robtoe10]

The sort of "kicking a fellow whilst he's down" that Britain and France enacted towards the Ottomans is reminiscent of how the Ottomans vassalised the East Roman Empire

[@lhistorienchipoteur9968]

5:33 When you show pre-ww1 borders, it doesn't make sens to show the middle east already divided.

[@wowyourereallyreadingthis]

YES make a video about Ataturk!

[@jakubbiaecki3783]

Being a student of Arabic Studies I totally approve this topic. Great job guys!

[@lolosh99]

Do you happen to approve of homosexuality?

[@abdullahabu6439]

As and Arab myself I say I like the topic but their information is wrong.

[@dieguito3422]

Arabs: "lands please" Europeans: "yesn't"

[@RETURIO]

At some point you should do the Greece revolt if 1821

[@soliform3485]

8:56 "and the ottoman empire joined the central powers" shows ottoman shaking hands with a frenchman

[@project22-ab88]

Any country: *exists* Russia: Finally a worthy opponent! Our battle will be legendary!

[@savageantelope3306]

I’ve been rlly interested in the Middle East lately thanks for this