Reducing Adjective Clauses to Adjective Phrases: Learn English Grammar with JenniferESL

[@DevendraSingh-ii2gi]

I may not have always shown it, but I’m grateful to have had such an awesome teacher like you. Thank you for all the wisdom you shared and setting a great example.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

You're very welcome. I'm happy if my videos are helping you. Kind regards!

[@akashgautam1909]

From The videos _that_ you provide are incredibly helpful. To The videos you provide are incredibly helpful!

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Good. You can omit "that" or "which" in an identifying clause where the relative pronoun is the object.

[@gogovara2118]

You are just unbelievably effective in your explanation. Common guys! this teacher deserves more support.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thank you for the positive words. :)

[@aichamanni735]

Thank you so much dear teacher for this gorgeous explanation . I have here an example : woman who is holding red bag is my mother . The women holding red bag is my mother. " holding red bag" is a participial phrase .

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Yes, correct. The woman who is holding a red bag is my mother. The woman holding a red bag is my mother.

[@danielsan6469]

Hi Jennifer thank you very much for your lessons. Jennifer, who is a passionately blogger, writes a lot about digital marketing. I think this reduction is also fine: Jennifer, being a passionate blogger, writes a lot about digital marketing.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi Daniel, Let's use your example: Jennifer, who is a passionately blogger, writes a lot about digital marketing. 1. Omit the relative pronoun. 2. Omit the form of BE. 3. Keep the noun phrase as an appositive. Jennifer, a passionately blogger, writes a lot about digital marketing.

[@danielsan6469]

@@Englishwithjennifer Ok dear teacher thank you for your valuable time and knowledge. But so my example including BEING is totally wrong or being is only an ING FORM.

[@BruceXue-u4u]

I have watched this viedo for 3 times ,and i can learn more from this every time. thank you.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Glad it was helpful! Thanks for studying with me.

[@mohamedsaif7900]

Thanks a million, it's seamless that i understand the lesson perfectly.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Glad to hear that! Thank you for studying with me.

[@sajib333]

Those having a bit of prior knowledge on adjective-clause reduction are likely to comprehend how fantastic this lesson has been! You must have required a great deal of time to spend and research to carry out. Unbelievable!

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Glad it was helpful! Thanks for watching.

[@neerajarindam1497]

Well,it is for the first time when I am watching + listening ur videos based on (clause),,, this is the part of grammar which has always been my problem,,,,,but through ur video lessons I find it very easy to learn this,,,,, thanks a million ma'am

[@Englishwithjennifer]

I'm happy things are becoming clearer. Feel free to post a question if you have one. :)

[@noeliamei983]

Hi Jeniffer. I really love your explanatory videos. They are very clear and didactic as well, which is amazing.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi Noelia. I'm happy you like my lessons. If you'd like regular practice, please consider my membership program on KZbin. It's only $1/month, and I offer written language tasks twice a week on the community tab. kzbin.infojoin Have a good day!

[@mahmoudnaser7556]

What's more important to you when it comes to work? Passion and money are the most important things. What's the ideal job for you? I like work that requires discipline. I would like to obtain a challenging position that utilizes my knowledge, experience and skills as a teacher. Thanks for your efforts Jennifer.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi Mahmoud. I'm glad you wrote about a mix. Money can't be the sole motivator, right? Eventually, you'd hate your work. You have to love it and enjoy the day-to-day tasks. Your example is well written! I like it as is, but you could reduce one of them or both of them if you wanted. I might choose to reduce the first and keep the second as a full clause: I like work requiring discipline.

[@mahmoudnaser7556]

JenniferESL thanks for the reply. You're the best ever

[@pvsoaresss]

Thank you so much, Jennifer! I'm going to take the ECPE exam and your explanations are improving my english level! 😀

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Best of luck! Thank you for studying with me.

[@sabrinatsang2441]

I would like to work both online and offline as an English teacher, which gives me the freedom to try different new things and enables me to develop professionally. There also has to be truly rewarding and interesting enough to keep me motivated waking up each morning to work on it. Besides, I strongly agree that the job has to provide enough financial stability to allow one to keep on working. If I can keep on learning and teaching for an extended period, I believe that one day my working condition will fulfill all the expectations that are listed above (or listed above). Hello Jennifer, this exercise is challenging to me as I usually use relative clauses without the reduced version, so I had a hard time coming up with some reduced forms while typing. I still need more practice and time to get better at and used to applying the constructions taught in this video. No matter how my sentences turned out, I am happy with my effort and time committed during this mini writing challenge. Thank you so much for this invitation to propel us forward.

[@sabrinatsang2441]

Can I say "I like reading books having happy ending" instead of "I like reading books that have happy endings"? I believe "that" and "have", which is a be verb, are OK to omit to make "have" into "having". Also, is "My mother goes to a supermarket where is in the old town" possible?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Well done, Sabrina. Since you're speaking hypothetically, you need "would" in the adjective clause, too: which would give me the freedom... Note you can use "keep" and not the phrasal verb "keep on" to reduce wordiness: to allow one to keep working. Also, "work conditions" is the more common phrase. I'd drop the -ing.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

"Having" is awkward. It's better to use "with a happy ending" if you want to reduce the full clause. BTW - I'm going to start hosting live streams for teachers/tutors of English, particularly those seeking more training and professional development. Please find me on Hallo. hallo.tv/

[@sabrinatsang2441]

@@Englishwithjennifer Once again, thanks for the corrections. I am following you on Hallo and am looking forward to more wonderful content there. Also, one question, can you explain why "with a happy ending" should be used to modifier "many books", which is a plural noun here?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

"With happy endings" is possible, but it sounds like there are various possible endings. "With a happy ending" is more general. In short, there are arguments for either wording.

[@mred629]

For me, the ideal job allowing me to grow in knowledge and experience; Life changes force you to update the skills specializing you.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Yes, I agree it's important to grow in your job. Suggestions/corrections: For me, the ideal job allows me to grow in knowledge and experience; changes in life force you to update the skills (that) you specialize in. [We can't reduce that clause.]

[@tajuddinalmasud.80]

From now your such like teaching is more helps me. Realy you are a bright teacher and I think you ara a icon of the teacher. I wish you. From Bangladesh.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thank you for choosing to study with me.

[@mariadeleosario64574]

Hello, Jennifer! Thanks for the lesson! How about this complex sentence? Can we reduce this? The students whose names are on the list will go camping. Can we say, The students named (on the list) will go camping.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Let this guide you: 1. To reduce an adjective clause, the relative pronouns must be who, which, that. 2. Omit any form of “be.” 3. An adjective phrase can have a noun, a noun phrase, a present or past participle. Nouns or noun phrases are commonly found in non-identifying clauses. 4. Once “be” is removed from a passive verb, you’ll only have the past participle. 5. Even if there isn’t any form of “be,” you can sometimes change an active verb to a present participle (-ing). Your example: The students whose names are on the list will go camping. The relative pronoun is not who, which, or that. New example: The students who are named on the list will go camping. - The relative pronoun is who. - There is a form of BE. >> Reduced: The students named on the list will go camping.

[@lovemilfa]

Hi Jennifer, thank you for your wonderful English lesson videos. I would like to ask you some questions since i found these complex sentences on the newspaper and was not able to rewrite them. 1. "Instead he established himself in a quieter manner, serving his apprenticeship on loan, mainly in lower leagues, before making his first Premier League start for Spurs in 2014, at 20 years of age." from The Economist. I don't know "Serving" is rewritten like "Which is serving" or "Who served". 2. ” Frances Tiafoe beat him four sets in the fourth round, becoming the first American-born player to beat Nadal at a Grand Slam since he was a teenager.” Source: New York Times -> so “becoming” is technically ” which becomes” or “who became”. If it is “Who became”, should it be placed in the middle? Please help me analyze these sentences. Thank you in advance Jennifer!

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi. Please also see my videos on reducing adverb clauses. That first one could mean "while/as he served his apprenticeship." The second can suggest "and then he became..." I see the first as time/manner and the second as time/result, which means the writer reduced adverb clauses to participial phrases.

[@aim2975]

Thank you for your efforts. I work surly to earn money, but I love my job as well. My work is complicated that makes it challenge for me.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi Aimanno. That's probably the best combination. We need to earn money, but we should love the work we do. :) Suggestions/corrections: I work to earn money, of course, but... OR I certainly work to earn money, but... OR Naturally, I work to earn money, but I love my job as well. My work is complicated, which makes it challenging for me.

[@aim2975]

JenniferESL Thanks a million I really appreciate your replay.

[@mariamkinen8036]

Children as young as.. awarded to the winner.... held in different U.s....

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Could you write the full sentences so I can recall the context? Thanks!

[@bayankhishigtdavaa-ochir7363]

Thank you for teaching from Mongolia.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thank you for studying with me!

[@jy2581]

I am from China. Love your lessons so much

[@Englishwithjennifer]

I'm glad you found me. :) Please tell others in China about my lessons! Thank you.

[@jy2581]

Actually some English-learning apps choose your lesson as their resources,that's how I found you here. I hope you will not be mad on that. As you know youtube is forbidden in China.

[@hendan2127]

Jennifer ma'am I'm really grateful You are here on youtube. There aren't examples using negatives in your lesson, so Im wondering if it also works. .... Doctors that don't learn english will have trouble later Doctors NOT LEARNING english will have trouble ..... Children who don't read books prefer playing video games. Children NOT READING books prefer playing video games.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi. Yes, you can make negative forms. I'd probably say they're less common. However, today a fairly common topic in the news is masks. I quickly found some articles about "passengers not wearing masks on planes." In your examples, I'd personally use the full adjective clauses for clarity and emphasis.

[@hendan2127]

@@Englishwithjennifer thank you, you are the best!

[@ritamustikasari]

This is very clear explanation of reduced adjective clause. There are a lot of sentences for us to exercise. Thank you from Majenang.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thank you for watching! 😃

[@mhirtomas198]

Many of the teachers (who) (are) teaching on KZbin is really helpful, but the best is you. Many of the teachers teaching on KZbin are reallyhelpful, but the best is you. These sentences are correct ?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thank you for the support. Indeed, there are many teachers to learn from. Thanks for making me one of them. 😃 Correction: Many of the teachers (who are) teaching on KZbin are really helpful... Alternative wording: ...but you're the best.

[@mobiletips9417]

Thank you so much

[@mobiletips9417]

Should I use (are) also at the second sentence or no need to change it?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

The best is... = makes sense. I'd avoid using "you" as the subject complement. I'd make "you" the subject.

[@mfarooq1981]

Love it. Very professionally explained dear teacher.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thank you! 😃

[@dholic901]

Thank you for your wonderful clip. I've been wathcing your great clips since last November. Your clips are really clear and consice. Those help me a lot. This is my first comment here on KZbin. In my opinion, my ideal job is the one that gives me enough money as well as my own time, a fact which is very hard to achieve for everyone. Thanks a lot.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi. Thank you for studying with me. I hope you use my playlists. englishwithjennifer.com/students/yt-videos/ I think many desire the same things as you. I applaud your use of two adjective clauses. You have the right idea. I think your desire is less about a "fact" and more about "conditions." My suggested edits: In my opinion, the ideal job is one that gives me enough money as well as my own time, conditions which are very hard to achieve for everyone. I hope you'll continue to post comments on my videos. :)

[@dholic901]

Absolutely!. I'll leave my comments on your videos from now on. I really appreciate your suggestion. It's really lucky to have a long journey to master English with you. Thanks a lot.

[@ayeshajaved7516]

Hi! past participle phrase is a reduced form of adjective clause in passive strurure . Such as: The gifts bought for Christmas are stolen. But in the sentence below past participle phrase is not in passive structure but showing a state of a person. Frustrated with job and the people he was working with, he left job.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi. "Frustrated with his job and the people" is a reduced adverb clause. The full clause is, "Because he was frustrated with his job and the people..." "Frustrated" is a participial adjective. It's a state.

[@jawadsharifi2547]

Hello, my respective and dear teacher. Thanks a million for your useful and informative videos.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

You're very welcome.

[@nasirahmadmohammady3142]

Thank you very much for sharing such a comprehensive video you published, I learned a lot and most of my problems solved.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thank you for choosing to study with me. :)

[@susanablanco3012]

Here is my answer to the task: I prefer a job that gives me the opportunity to practice the imagination.One of the motives I've ever had in life has been to work for a good cause in benefit of others, a desire which is inside my inner self. First relative clause: "that gives me the opportunity to practice the imagination". Non restrictive relative clause: , a desire which is inside my inner self. The first relative clause could change as this: .....giving me the opportunity to practice the imagination.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi Susana. That could work. I actually think it sounds better to use the full clause in the first sentence. Good job using NOUN + which! Suggested wording: I prefer a job that gives me the opportunity to use my imagination. One of my aspirations has been to work for a good cause to benefit others, a desire which comes from deep inside.

[@raed2178]

JenniferESL I like your wording choice, Jennifer. Magnificent! 👍

[@khandakershojaulislam3824]

Thanks, for very important lectures.I am from Bangladesh.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

You're very welcome.

[@aparecidoferreiravais321]

Hi Jenifer Thanks for your effort and help us learn English, have a great weekend bye.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi Aparecido. Glad you could join me for another lesson. See you next week for the review!

[@mariaquinn1428]

thank you for the explanation. i have a question that is not related to the lesson but it occured to me while reading one of your examples. "the man who is wearning blue and white" is this a noun clause?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi. "The man" is a noun phrase. "Who is wearing blue and white" is the adjective clause. Together they don't form a noun clause. Noun clauses are formed with "that" (I know [that you are kind].) or with embedded questions (I'd like to know [what part of speech it is].) You can see "the man who is wearing blue and white" as a noun with a complement. The adjective clause is a complement.

[@mariaquinn1428]

@@Englishwithjennifer thank you so much 🙏

[@hannanice6636]

For me, recognition and money remain my essentials at work. Btw I'm a new subscriber and thankful for the great job you did.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thank you for choosing to follow me, Hanna. :)

[@raed2178]

Hanna Nice You've made the right choice by subscribing to this channel. Happy studies with Jennifer, the best teacher in the world. 💜

[@vinaykrpandey396]

Very NYC way to elaborate 👍❤️

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thanks for watching. 😊

[@LichaEliza]

Hi, I love your videos. I have a question I hope you can help me... which of these two sentences is correct? Our senses use some organs in our body TO teach us to learn, to protect and to enjoy our world. Our senses use some organs in our body THAT teach us to learn, to protect and to enjoy our world. Thanks a lot!

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi! Thank you for studying with me. The structures mean different things: use organs to teach us = use organs in order to teach us use organs that each us = the organs themselves teach us The second makes less sense, in my opinion.

[@LichaEliza]

@@Englishwithjennifer thank you very much

[@tayyabvirk8638]

Thanks a lot venerable Ma'am , I learnt a lot and got it very clearly .

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Glad to hear that!

[@mirandawong9887]

an engaging teacher❤️

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thank you. The full playlist is here. www.englishwithjennifer.com/students/yt-videos/

[@enoruevbuomwan6540]

Wonderful English lesson.l am lucky to have subscribe d which gives me the opportunity to watch it all over again.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thank you for studying with me. The full playlist is here. www.englishwithjennifer.com/students/yt-videos/

[@haiderps4]

Thank you Jennifer it really helped. Sometimes when the sentence carry a passive sense I get confuse about whether to use this structure *be+ p.p* OR this structure *being +p.p* For example/ The car *left* in the parking lot was stolen. OR The car *being left* in the parking lot was stolen . Dressed in white, Jay looked like a groom / being dressed in white, Jay looked like a groom . Would you tell me which one makes sense ? Is there any rule or both are correct?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi. Glad this was helpful. I think you might like to review how we reduce adverb clauses and create adverb/adverbial phrases. kzbin.info/www/bejne/kJ7aiHqZjaZqq9U The car (that was) left in the parking lot was stolen > reduced adjective clause Having been left in the parking lot, the car was a clear target for theft. > adverb clause reduced to a phrase = because it had been left there... (Being) dressed in white, Jay looked like a groom. "Being" isn't necessary. We often omit forms of BE to create phrases. You're welcome to join me on Hallo where I answer questions in a weekly live stream for subscribers as well as daily in a group chat. :) hallo.tv/

[@haiderps4]

​@@Englishwithjennifer yes you're right I'll follow your advice and go over participles topic again . You know what, I used to be good at this topic and have watched your videos about how to reduce adjective and adverb clause more many times but my problem is when I learn a new topic in English (grammar, words, idioms) I tend to forget what I've learned before (completely or partially) especially if I don't review them for a long time . I made an account on Hallo and followed you. thank you for answering your students questions and not ignoring anyone Like some English instructors do in other English-learning channels.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thank you for following me on Hallo. I'll be live tomorrow (Friday). My schedule is on my profile page. Enjoy the experience! There are other teachers to follow as well.

[@susanablanco3012]

Hi teacher, thanks for your illuminating lesson.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

You're most welcome, Susana. :)

[@nadaatef9266]

Actually, I love the work that give me a widely recognition even if I don't have any money 😃

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Money isn't important to everyone. :) Suggestions: I love work that gives me wide recognition even if I don't earn any money.

[@nadaatef9266]

JenniferESL thanks 😍

[@cambodianbuddhism942]

Thank for ur teaching i love the way you explain.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

I'm very happy you enjoyed this lesson. Kind regards!

[@shaad2841]

To be honest, my ideal job is, that has my passion as well as rewarding. For some people, money doesn't matter before their passion, of course, it depends on how. much a person financially satisfied. I believe in practical life, want to lead my life happily and comfortably & money is also a vital part of it.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

I fully understand your views. Living comfortably is a strong desire many have. Suggestions: To be honest, my ideal job is one that I have passion for and one that I find rewarding. For some people, money doesn't matter as much as their passion for work. Of course, it depends on how much a person is financially satisfied. I believe in a practical life, and I want to lead my life happily and comfortably, so money is a vital part of it.

[@Fnina777]

thank you, thank you, thank you!

[@Englishwithjennifer]

You're very welcome.

[@gayeerdogmus]

Thank you so much Jennifer, it is a so useful video for my grammar assignment :)

[@Englishwithjennifer]

You're so welcome!

[@haiderps4]

Thank you Jennifer, It would be useful for me if you could tell me the functions of present participle in the following 1/This is my 3rd time *getting this error message* . 2/When the Door banged , I knew it was my wife *coming* back from work. 3/There was an error *loading* the page you requested.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi. Gerunds can be noun complements. When we say we spend time doing something, we're using "doing" as a complement of "time." I see "getting" as a complement. In your second sentence, I view that as a reduced adjective clause, and you're left with a present participle. (...my wife who was coming back from work.)

[@haiderps4]

@@Englishwithjennifer thanks a lot ❤️

[@theprince9035]

Amazing video as always...I understood everything perfectly... I have recently read an example related to reducing adjective clauses to adjective phrases and i got confused..The sentence is "Mr Adams,who is an avid reader,maintains a huge personal library"... Instead of changing this sentence as "Mr Adams,an avid reader,maintains a huge personal library", it was changed as "Mr Adams,being an avid reader,maintains a huge personal library". Could you please tell me whether it is correct to use "being" in reduced adjective phrases?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

To me, it makes sense to omit all words possible. An appositive is a noun phrase that redefines the subject. a. Mr. Adams, [who is] an avid reader, maintains a huge personal library. b. Taylor Swift, one of the richest single celebrities in the world, has announced her engagement. I think using the present participle "being" makes sense in a reduced adverb clause of reason: Because Mr. Adams is an avid reader, he maintains a huge personal library. >> Being an avid reader, Mr. Adams maintains a huge personal library.

[@theprince9035]

@@Englishwithjennifer ...Wow...Thanks for the superb explanation...You are the best as I always say...

[@theprince9035]

@@Englishwithjennifer ...Could you please tell me whether there is any trick to know whether the phrase is an adjective phrase or an appositive because both of them describe the noun?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

I see overlap. When it follows, we can view it as a reduced adjective clause. The phrase is an appositive because it redefines or renames the subject. However, appositives can also come before the subject: a) Mrs. Adams, [who is] an award-winning novelist, also loves books. = 1 appositive (without "who is") b) Novelist Jane Adams is married to Roger Adams, a philanthropist who generously supports public libraries. = 2 appositives

[@theprince9035]

@@Englishwithjennifer ...Thanks a bunch

[@李亮亮-o9t]

A very helpful lesson. Thanks Jennifer. I have a question with this sentence: I want work that feels purposeful and gives me pleasure. Can we reduce this sentence like this?--- "I want work feeling purposeful and giving me pleasure"

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Good question. In this case, I'd keep the full clause. Reduction doesn't always help the flow of the sentence, and sometimes clarity is lost. Sometimes to make a sentence more concise, we need to explore other variations: I want work to be purposeful and satisfying.

[@李亮亮-o9t]

Thanks for the reply, Jennifer. Your lessons have been a great help to me.

[@maheshkrishnaraop546]

Thanks for this lesson.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

My pleasure! Thanks for watching.

[@teachereduardo2439]

I do love your videos. Thank you so much! But I've got a question. In 3:31 you mean gerund form of the verb or present perfect? Because in the following example there is the gerund form of the verb.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi. Gerunds use the -ing ending, but they behave like nouns (subject, objects, complements). When we reduce an adjective clause, we're often left with a present or past participle.

[@teachereduardo2439]

@@Englishwithjennifer Thank you!!!

[@pascualgarcia1306]

Thanks Jennifer ! 👍

[@Englishwithjennifer]

You're welcome, Pascual.

[@lenguyendieulinh5902]

For me, the ideal job that i would like to have in the future is to be an English teacher. I know that this job requiring me a lot of efforts.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

I wish you good luck as you pursue your dream! Correction/suggestion: I know that this is a job requiring a lot of effort.

[@lenguyendieulinh5902]

Thank you☺

[@Melvin.obando]

An argument which is very important to me

[@bayrmaabatjargal4573]

first of all thanks for this video, and i have a guestion that is,if adj clause's main verb is present simple, will it turn to include the ing??

[@Englishwithjennifer]

It's easier to remember that we use the present participle (-ing) for active verbs and the past participle (-ed) for passive meanings. The team that RECEIVES the ball plays offense. > The team receiving the ball plays offense. A ball that IS HIT outside the line is a foul ball. > A ball hit outside the line is a foul ball. ...Both "receives" and "is hit" are in the simple present.

[@entenglishnewspapertrainer6421]

@@Englishwithjennifer thanks to answering this question I really have the same question, but will active verbs always not have the be verbs?

[@Gab0000]

I dream about a job that gives me pleasure and recognition at the same time. Also, I would be very pleased to work with people who are concerned about helping others. * I could turn my adjective clause into a adjective phrase this way: I dream about a job that gives me pleasure and recognition at the same time. Also, I would be very pleased to work with people concerned about helping others. Happy studies!!!

[@Englishwithjennifer]

A beautiful thought written very well! Good job, Gabriel! :)

[@CreativeMotionDesignH]

Hi Jennifer Thank you very much

[@Englishwithjennifer]

You're welcome. Enjoy your weekend!

[@pplantivorous3928]

Good morning teacher Jennifer. The Economist says “Volunteers stand at checkpoints ARMED WITH GUNS” Is that phrase (armed with guns) a reduced adjective clause modifying VOLUNTEERS? Or Is it a displaced modifier?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

It's a reduced adjective clause, but the separation between the adjective clause and the head noun is problematic. Are the volunteers or the checkpoints armed? The full clause is "who are armed with guns," but it's far from "volunteers." Solutions: Armed with guns, volunteers stand at checkpoints. Volunteers armed with guns stand at checkpoints. Armed volunteers stand at checkpoints.

[@pplantivorous3928]

@@Englishwithjennifer Much obliged

[@alahalah837]

Thank you very much🌼🌼🌼

[@Englishwithjennifer]

You're welcome.

[@jeisongoque4489]

this really helped me!thank you!

[@Englishwithjennifer]

I'm happy it was useful.

[@Sky-pt1jg]

@@Englishwithjennifer Hey Jennifer, thank you for your helpful videos. I have a question. You said when the relative clause is reduced, we are left with a phrase ( no subject and verb). But in one of the examples you've given us ' the Stanley Cups playoffs, held in different U.S and Canadian cities, are often sold out' , Isn't held a verb? Also in the sentence ' I want a chance to use the skills that I've developed through training and experience'. Isn't 'I' the subject and not the pronoun 'that'?

[@maratl8838]

I want a job that pays well and drives me to be better at what I do. Money is my first priority when it comes to looking for work, an opinion (which) not everyone will share. In writing, would using "that" instead of "which" be less idiomatic here?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Well done! If you're asking about the first adjective clause, I like your choice of "a job that..." In this kind of identifying clause, "that" is preferred in speaking. I also like either "an opinion which" or simply "an opinion" in the second. It's appropriate for writing. In speaking, we might say, "which is an opinion (that) not everyone shares."

[@MissLilRasta]

Great video, I have already watched one of your videos called is Reducing Adjective Clauses to Adjective Phrases. I want to see if I get it. Is it correct ? Should I need to reduce my adjective clause into a phrase?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

You don't always have to reduce an adjective clause. Sometimes it's clearer if you don't.

[@MissLilRasta]

@@Englishwithjennifer Thank you! I will use it sometimes 🙂

[@sanakhan3131]

Mam ,Can we reduce adjective clause if it has modal verbs such as this one. Ex: Hunter gatherers picked and pursued wild plants and animals ,which could be seen as equal in status to Homo. sapiens

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Good question. I wouldn't because you lose some of the meaning. "Could" expresses possibility or a low degree of certainty.

[@aminh9858]

Thanks for your stunning education. I have a question. Can we reduce a non-defining relative clause ? Because we have been told that we can't remove relative pronoun in non-defining relative clauses.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Yes, it's possible. Especially with appositives: Jennifer, who is a teacher and blogger, has been online since 2007. >> Jennifer, a teacher and a blogger, has been online since 2007. It's common when the relative clause has the verbs MEAN and INCLUDE. Jennifer is an online teacher, which means she meets virtually with her students. >> Jennifer is an online teacher, meaning she meets virtually with her students. Additional resources: www.cambridge.org/elt/blog/2015/10/10/grammar-beyond-7/ www.thoughtco.com/reduced-relative-clauses-1211107

[@vanessang6925]

Dear Jennifer, Thank you for your video, but I'm so confused at one point. I read a grammar source on reducing adjective clauses, they said we can't reduce non-restrictive clauses unless they are appositive. Could you please help me on this point, or is it the difference between AE and BE, because the source I used is from BE?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi. Often sources share the clearest and most common examples. Appositives are easy to recognize. However, we can also reduce adjective clauses to other phrases. Here's another source that shows the use of adjective phrases that were once full adjective clauses. www.thoughtco.com/reduced-relative-clauses-1211107 I found one more site with less common, but still acceptable reductions: www.spring.edu/webroom/practice_g6_adj_1.html

[@danielsan6469]

Good evening Jennifer. 🙋🏻‍♂️ 1.He wasn't the kind of man TO GIVE UP EASILY. 2.He wasn't the kind of man THAT GIVES UP EASILY. these examples are functioning as adjectives, what is the difference between them? To vs That

[@Englishwithjennifer]

They both are complements. They describe "man." You can use the infinitive phrase or the adjective clause. There really isn't much different in meaning. The adjective clause may be a more common choice in that kind of sentence.

[@danielsan6469]

@@Englishwithjennifer You are the best teacher I have ever found. ☘️

[@WBanduMedia07]

Great tutorials. Thanks.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thanks for watching.

[@andreapv5289]

Thanks a lot! this is so helpful.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

You're welcome!

[@guess8543]

Thanks for the lesson. I just got confused at the last part, "a fact which we may not be encouraged to talk about " is this modifying the whole sentence or just the word reward ?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Yes, "a fact which" refers back to the entire main clause. Thanks for studying with me. There are review exercises on my website.

[@blackyrocky7438]

the ideal job for me is something helping me make more money needed for my basic expenses.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Yes, that's the basic goal: we work to support ourselves. Suggestions: The ideal job for me is one that helps me make more money for my basic expenses. (full clause) The ideal job for me is one that helps me make the money needed for my basic expenses. (reduced from "the money that is needed")

[@shui-f6x]

I want a job benefiting others and improving myself during the process. I prefer to have some challenges instead of repeating the dull routine everyday, a belief which empowers me.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

I think man would agree with you. We all want to grow in some way, but also know we're of use to others. :) "Benefiting" could work, but it's more awkward with "improve" Let's go back to the full clause. Suggestion: I want a job which benefits others and in which I can improve myself.

[@shui-f6x]

JenniferESL Thanks ❤️❤️ got it

[@raiden6227]

A question please Can relative clauses with extra information reduce? My teacher said every relative clause statements with extra information cant be reduced??

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi. It can depend. For example, appositives are basically reduced adjective clauses: >> non-identifying adjective clause Tiger Woods, who is a well-known golf player, has inspired many young people to take up the sport. >> appositive (a noun or noun phrase that is equal to the subject) Tiger Woods, a well-known golf player, has inspired many young people to take up the sport.

[@raiden6227]

Thanks very much

[@maslam8224]

Can I use the reduce form in academic writing??

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Yes, we can. Sometimes reducing a clause can help us make our writing more concise.

[@maslam8224]

@@Englishwithjennifer thanks

[@sanakhan3131]

Mam ,How do you see this phrase ( brimming with confidence )many grammarian term it as present participle phrase that modifies the subject and giving information about the subject and comes at the beginning of the sentence .do you also term it present participle phrase ? Ex: Brimming with confidence ,James blurted the answers .

[@Englishwithjennifer]

We could also see that as an adverbial reduced from an adverb clause: As James was brimming with confidence, he blurted out the answers.

[@conversandoando]

Great video! Thanks so much for clarifying this! I have a question, tho. Is a sentence with a reduced adjective clause to an adjective phrase still considered a complex sentence, especially talking of IELTS or TOEFL criteria?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Good question. If you reduce it to a phrase, for example noun phrase or prepositional phrase, I'd still see it as a simple sentence: The woman who is wearing a red dress is the director. >> The woman in the red dress is the director. I think an exam would make your choices very clear: simple, compound, complex, compound-complex.

[@MultiAmmus]

I am a teacher who enjoys teaching grammar to my students.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

I love grammar too. :) Actually, I like connecting all the skills and teaching the whole language.

[@stunninglad1]

Your brother is some skater. Wow! He's scary good. This video is also scary good. It moves us towards the goal of writing professionally. We need a big test on your clauses and phrases videos. It's such a good series of videos, but have we all understood it? Have I understood it? I know there are some tests on your website, which are very helpful. It's good when we can simply click on the answer. Sadly there is no such feature currently in use on You Tube, so it's the pen and paper for now.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Yes, he's a very good skater! Thank you for recognizing his talent. Looks like you have a good reason to create a grammar quiz for us!

[@anupamghosh5641]

I would like to do a job designed to keep my mind busy. Also, thanks for your lesson; it is wonderful.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

I agree. I like to keep my mind active. :) Suggestion: I would like to do work designed to keep my mind busy.

[@anupamghosh5641]

Thanks for the reply. You have a unique style of teaching which is helpful for non-natives like me. I’ve got a request for you. Would you mind making a lesson on when to use determiner especially articles? My concern is not when to use an “an” instead of “a”; my concern is which nouns or noun phrases require an article and which don’t. Again, thanks for your incredible work.

[@ankurseth6739]

Hi Jennifer, I have noticed that "which has object" becomes "with object" when adjective clause is reduced. Have you noticed it too? If so can you give me few examples? Sentence: Harvard Business School , which has the highest MBA program ranking, requires prospective students to have at least sixteen years of education and two years of professional experience before applying to a master's program. Reduced Sentence: Harvard Business School , with the highest MBA program ranking, requires prospective students to have at least sixteen years of education and two years of professional experience before applying to a master's program.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

This lesson might be of use to you. How to be concise, especially with prepositions. kzbin.info/www/bejne/p5KbdKWXeJt6obs

[@hasibrahman3930]

Does "would have to" indicate the past, present, or future? What is the difference between "would have to" and "would have had to"? 1. To meet the challenge the public authority would have to be transformed into a public limited company. ( I think here it indicates "future") 2. But he said there would have to be a complete overhaul of the electoral system first. (Here it indicates past) 3. I think all the girls in the anime are awesome, but my favorites would have to be Nozomi and Umi! ( I can't understand what it indicates here) 4. As for the difference in meaning, I’d have to say it’s very subtle. ( I think here it indicates present) 5. It's not something I want to do, but it's something I'd have to do". (I think here it indicates past) 6. If he asked me to fix his car, I would have to do it tomorrow. ( here it indicates future) 7. It would not be something you'd have to do forever. (I think it indicates future) 8."Sorry, that's above my pay grade" is another way of saying this "you don't pay me enough to do X". But, as it's a lot more formal than "you don't pay me enough to do X" one would have to be careful of one's tone: as Karim said, it's jokey. (I think it indicates future)

[@yourdailymusic6906]

Can i also omit "which" in this clause "a practice which has earned her much respect", i mean is "a practice has earned her much respect" possible?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Compare: 1. It was a practice that earned her much respect (that = subject pronoun in adjective clause) 2. It was a practice [that] she followed for many years. (that = object pronoun in adjective clause, can be omitted)

[@yourdailymusic6906]

@@Englishwithjennifer But what i actually meant was that could we change your original sentence "Our boss never asks us to do anything she herself cannot do, a practice which has earned her much respect" to "Our boss never asks us to do anything she herself cannot do, a practice earning her much respect"? I mean can we reduce a relative clause that is inside another relative clause? Thank you for your answer Jen.

[@benedictoralexander1611]

So impressive

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thank you!

[@KhanhNguyen-nn2wt]

Wow, such a nice video. It's really entertaining for me. Thanks for your lesson

[@Englishwithjennifer]

You're welcome, Khanh. Thanks for studying with me.

[@islanbaya9956]

you are great teacher,tx

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thank you. Take care!

[@trendyoutfits2065]

Hi , could you please make a lesson on how to form contrast phraes. Such as Artist are born, not paid. I love you , not your money. What I don't understand what part of speech should opt for making Contrast phrase.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi. You wrote your students well. This is about parallel structure. The two items have to be equal grammatically (two past participles, two nouns, two base verbs, etc.). You may find this lesson useful. kzbin.info/www/bejne/f57EY2WIrtWXjck

[@trendyoutfits2065]

@@Englishwithjennifer sorry , I am asking you about contrast phraes how to form it?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

You need parallel structure on both sides of the contrast word or phrase. [1] OR [2] not [1] BUT [2] not [1] BUT RATHER [2] [1] instead of [2] 1, 2 = two nouns, two adjectives, two verbs, two gerunds, etc.

[@deepblue0384]

I love my job involving going to mosques and help people perform their salaat. But ı would want to be an English teacher, a profession (which) ı studied at university. Becoming a succesfull English teacher, requiring tenacity, passion and love, is my futuring goal

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Good ideas here, but here are some suggestions: First, "my job" already identifies the job for me, so the rest is additional information. I'd set that off in commas. Second, we study a field or a subject, but not a profession. We train for a profession. >> I love my job, which involves going to mosques and helping people perform their salaat. But I want to be an English teacher, a profession (which) I have trained for at university. Becoming a successful English teacher is my future goal. It's a goal requiring tenacity, passion and love.

[@BruceXue-u4u]

Hello, teacher, i have some questions that coufuse me a lot. Please check this sentence " I have a friend who is travelling to France." Can i reduce this sentence like this " I have a friend travelling to France." Is the reduced sentence correct? thank you so much!

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Yes, you can remove the relative pronoun and the helping verb "be." a) I have a friend traveling to France next month, and he's looking for bargain tours. Do you have any suggestions? b) I have a friend traveling in Europe this month, and he's posting a lot of photos on Instagram.

[@nikhilgaming9561]

Stanley Cup won by Pittsburgh Penguins in 2016 and 2017 is sought after by every NHL team. Can I reduce like this.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Yes, but the information isn't necessary, so you need commas: The Stanley Cup, won by the Pittsburgh Penguins in 2016 and 2017, is sought after by every NHL team.

[@萨格尔王扛200斤麦子走]

A very useful leasson, thank you very much. one more opinion is that could loud a little bit of your voice?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi. Thanks for watching. I know I can speak softly. Sorry. :) I continue to work with the volume in my videos.

[@Melvin.obando]

My ideal job is the kind of jobs that have an excellent work environment and where I can feel relaxed and focus on my goal without any stress or pressure - My ideal body is the one having an excellent work environment were I can feel relaxed and focus on my duties which is very important to my

[@Englishwithjennifer]

I think many would agree that the work environment must be a positive one. Otherwise, it fills you with negative energy. Suggestions/corrections: My ideal job is the kind of job that has an excellent work environment, where I can feel relaxed and focus on my goal without any stress or pressure. [I wouldn't try to reduce the first clause with a present participle, but you could choose to use a prepositional phrase: the kind of job with an excellent work environment, where...]

[@Melvin.obando]

Thanks a lot for the correction

[@BENJAGATHNARAYANAN]

3) A bus goes to the airport. It runs every half an hour. Adj clause - The bus which goes to the airport runs every half an hour. Adjective clause to phrase: The bus going to the airport runs every half an hour. Am I right Ma'am?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Yes, correct. In this case, there's no form of BE, so we can consider the option of changing "go" to a present participle.

[@raed2178]

Hi, Jennifer. This is an awesome extensive video about adjective clauses. Thank you for making it. Keep up the good work. ✌👍 Here's the answer to your question: 👇 • I admit that I have gained extensive experience through being a lawyer, which is a fact may not be known to you, but I want work that gives me pleasure and good recognition constantly. I want a chance to reveal the real me, to use the talents which are hidden inside me. Perhaps a writer or an actor is the job which is required and more convenient to me. ➡ I admit that I have gained extensive experience through being a lawyer, a fact which may not be known to you, but I want work often giving me pleasure and good recognition constantly. I want a chance to reveal the real me, to use the talents hidden inside me. Perhaps a writer or an actor is the job required and more convenient to me.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hi Ra'ed. I'm glad you liked this extensive lesson on adjective phrases. Sorry it was so long, but I wanted to be thorough! Corrections/suggestions to first text: which is a fact that may not be known to you, but... the job which I require and which would be more convenient for me. Suggestions for second: the job required and which would be more convenient for me. (Though I still like focusing on what you need: which I require.)

[@raed2178]

JenniferESL JenniferESL Sorry about this mistake "Which is a fact that may...". I was working on it and forgot to write it on the first version. As for your suggestion, I like it so much. Thank you, Jennifer. 👍

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Scan through some of the other examples posted. Some interesting word choices have appeared, and I'm considering why I prefer full clauses sometimes to phrase. Susana, by the way, just posted a NOUN + which example that worked well.

[@raed2178]

JenniferESL Thank you, Jennifer. I will. ✌

[@nguyenkieulinh9162]

Could everyone tell me why remains in the video is remains not remaing or remained "My younger brother, now a hockey coach, remains an excellent skater". Thanks in advanced.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Hello. The main sentence is this: My younger brother remains an excellent skater. Subject = my younger brother Verb = remains The reduced adjective clause (an appositive because it's now just a noun phrase that redefines the subject) follows "my younger brother." The full clause was "who is now a hockey coach."

[@nguyenkieulinh9162]

@@Englishwithjennifer thank you very much.

[@deymeypongror5888]

Thanks

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Welcome!

[@saningep]

Nice thank you i like this video

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thanks for liking!

[@mahmoodahmad3536]

Thank you very much

[@Englishwithjennifer]

You're welcome.

[@crazybrembo]

10:56 why did you reduce the word that in the first sentence? Isn't the word work an object?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

"Work that requires creativity" is the same as "work requiring creativity." WORK is the object in the main clause, but "that" is the subject in the adjective clause. Reducing clauses isn't necessary, but we often do it when possible in order to achieve a better flow. Our sentences can become more concise. Hope that helps.

[@crazybrembo]

JenniferESL Thank you.that’s very helpful.i understand now.it’s about necessary.i want to support you but there is no function in my country.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

I appreciate all forms of support. :) Hopefully, one day YT Memberships will be available in your country. I hope you'll follow me on other social media. I'm on Facebook, Twitter, and Simor.org.

[@yahyataki6994]

Hello Jennifer, thank you.. another gained skills in writing that will certainly be of use during my tests. One question please : in on of your examples you wrote ''skills (that) I've developed'', so is it okay to reduce the adjective clause even if the pronoun is not followed by the verb ''Be'' ?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

If you give an example, I can let you know. You can often use a participle to reduce an adjective clause: People who experience COVID symptoms should be tested. >> People experiencing COVID symptoms should be tested. (Though, I'd argue the present progress is logical: People who are experiencing...) Prepositional phrases are possible, too: People with COVID symptoms should be tested. By the way, omitting "that" in my example was done because it was an object pronoun in an identifying clause.

[@yahyataki6994]

@@Englishwithjennifer Ah yes, my bad ... I forgot about the previous lessons of omiting pronouns if they are objects

[@Agatsayagroveraggi]

U r good teacher

[@Englishwithjennifer]

Thank you. :)

[@melvinli735]

Hello Jennifer, I am wondering what is the difference between adjective phrase and participle phrase? Thank you.

[@Englishwithjennifer]

An adjective phrase that's been reduced from an adjective clause still has the same function as the clause. It describes the head noun it follows: The woman sitting next to me turned out to be from my hometown. (The woman who was sitting next to me...) You need to be careful when talking about participial phrases. Some may use that term to refer to the same thing: a reduced adjective clause. But we also have reduced adverb clauses that make use of participles, for example: Feeling sick, I left class early. (Because I felt sick...)

[@melvinli735]

@@Englishwithjennifer Thank you for your reply. May I ask you what is prepositional phrase?

[@Englishwithjennifer]

A preposition + object into the woods over the bridge on Monday with a smile

[@Englishwithjennifer]

kzbin.info/aero/PLfQSN9FlyB6TT9yUCjC6QLTMphzLq2Ay0