Eukaryotic Cells Part 1: Animal Cells and Endosymbiotic Theory

Prokaryotic cells were simple enough, but eukaryotic cells are much more complex! They have so many more little features and compartments, like the deluxe model of your car. We have to learn about every single one of these organelles and other components before we move on to other areas of biology, so let's take a tour of the eukaryotic cell, starting with animal cells!
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[@cristianmarinescu3053]

Wow - Prof Dave explained 30-40 pages of textbook in just 14-15 mins, with enough level of detail to really remember something valuable. Really cool!

[@vincelao]

You’re a savior in med school

[@quinndenver4075]

How did you make it to med school without knowing this?

[@autodidacticartisan]

@@quinndenver4075 I know right? I learned about all of this in the 7th grade. The only new thing I learned was the molecular motor walking thing but everything else you learn in Middle School, at least here in the states

[@the_void5801]

Bro is savior in biolody

[@natvictorson]

​@@quinndenver4075 Because as you get older, start working, start studying other courses, things like this are forgotten. Yes we knew this when we were younger, then we forgot it. Also med school moves much faster so this is maybe 1 or 2 days worth of lecture and then move on to other things. So it's a lot of information in a short time

[@madisondampier3389]

I just need to say, knowing this is how the very basis of intelligent life is organized, is much more profound and spectacular of a perspective on the world than the religious ideology I grew up with. Seeing how everything is explained here is a much richer understanding of the subject than I ever learned at school, the specific functions of every organelle and what they're made of had never been explained to me before, and the teacher was not so fond of actually teaching us the subject, I think she hardly spoke except to tell us what the assignment was. You've filled a lot of the gaps in my knowledge and for that I appreciate this series a lot. Life is so much more complex than people give it credit for, no book could ever be printed containing the full knowledge of the outcomes nature is capable of; not one that could ever be carried around, that is! It's a joy to know a person like you is here to share with anyone what the reality is behind everything around us.

[@lmackenzie89]

This video comes at the perfect time for me - I'm a physics postdoc, soon to start a job building a fancy microscope to image cells - stuff like this really helps me with the basics!

[@NewWesternFront]

hows it going

[@floriansillack8914]

Greetings from germany. Liking ur content. Really good preperation for my a-levels

[@danaseifert7205]

Just stopping through on my infinite regression following the cards linking to previous foundational videos from your most recent video on dendrochronology to refresh everything I forgot from my undergraduate biology degree. Thank you for your work!!

[@joseluissileboriaco7603]

I've been waiting for this video for a long time. Congratulation it's a really complete video. Thanks for investing you time and knowledge with eukaryotes organisms like us. God bless. now my question is, if mitochondrias have their own DNA how do they transfer it during the mitosis of the cell? Can a mitochondria divide itself?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

i believe it can! i'll have to do a little research

[@pramitlahiri1978]

Idk whether mitochondria can divide itself, but it does so during the interphase. At that time, even the DNA within in it divides to form it's clone.

[@crazygiip]

@@ProfessorDaveExplains ko

[@evanprinsloo2416]

Exceptional presentation! Thank you.

[@natashawilson6672]

Looking for a Harvard reference for my Bio-veterinary science course here in the UK! This is brilliant! Thank you for your time in making this!

[@roussakiscrystal779]

Thank you for sharing your knowledge it's quite beneficial & important please continue this great videos Professor Dave

[@pasrurlegend5762]

Love your videos and lectures

[@Chenoah.]

I love the analogy at the end.

[@edwardwoods2991]

Information overload! I'm going to have to watch this video several times and take notes.

[@rainxydricco7441]

This is very useful. Thank you.

[@nina_ecol12]

Thanks for this sir. You explained it very clear.

[@rochelroma180]

thank you professor dave!!!

[@MichaelJamesSalutan]

Thank you for sharing this.... very helpful.

[@michaelpisciarino5348]

0:44 Endosymbiotic Theory - Bacteria acquire Photosynthesis, other abilities Host Cell eats smaller cells They form a mutual relationship. 1:58 What are Organelles Plant Cells and Animal Cells *Eukaryotic Cells:* Animal Cells (2:24) - Nucleus - Nucleolis - Cytoplasm - Cytosome - Ribosomes (Ribosomal RNA) Endomembrane System (3:55)

[@louiseperrier297]

As always, love your videos Professor Dave! One quick question; if only prokaryotes/bacteria existed at the time, where did the bigger host cell that engulfed the bacteria come from?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

it was just some other prokaryote

[@meharmehran3448]

Awesome lecturess

[@ash_alk_fan1]

Your videos are very helpful! The only thing is, they move kinda fast (there's a LOT of information thrown at you) for beginners. I think Professor Dave's videos are best used as supplements to an actual AP Biology class, otherwise, they will go too fast and make your head spin.

[@ghazalkhan8330]

thank u sir so much i m your new student from pk your video help me alottt

[@TourniquetTwin]

Always like giving myself a repeat with your videos. I can’t even thank you enough. After all, repetitio est mater studiorum .

[@ianreddish1878]

This has explained 20 pages of PDF's for my Associates degree

[@lindonbagares5854]

Nice! Thanks

[@zo9924]

my exam is in 4 days, the only thing my dumb ass did right was coming across these videos! heeeeelp

[@abdullahs6872]

I hope it went well bro :) and i hope u do the best

[@priyadarshan2208]

please put videos on phagositosis

[@km2052]

thx

[@DigitalOutlawed]

Thanks :)

[@roticsgaming2578]

east or west this video is the best

[@brandonrothermel1100]

You got mighty close to saying "the mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell." 👍😂😂😂

[@mandawight]

This is awesome, thank you

[@meharmehran3448]

Sir please tell me that intermediate filaments how maintain cell shape instead they are spread throughout cytoplasm not towards cell surface anyone tell mee...

[@SameerSk]

Professor Dave sir please explain about carbonyl compounds like aldehydes .. preparation and chemical properties.🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

buddy i have an entire organic chemistry series with 50+ tutorials!

[@SameerSk]

Sir but you didn't given a detailed explanation about them. I watch most of your videos sir. I am your die hard fan sir.👍 But please make a detailed videos sir as you are an expert in chemistry.pls pls i am waiting for that sir. Pls also make videos on permutations and combinations sir. I hope u will ..........

[@boxer8657992]

you mean die hard student.

[@akhilchowdary5440]

vv nice exp

[@hajiqasim448]

Much better

[@hareeshpentela5948]

Excellent factory analogy sir. But my greatest doubt from many years is that factory must produce a product and deliver out for a purpose. But cell itself is like a factory that uses it own produced product to live. So my doubt is why should it work? Why should it gather in a place and work to gather to stay alive? There will be a core inbuilt reason for all of their hard work. Please clarify sir. Anyway I love this channel and views a lot of content. My love and graceful respect for providing knowledgeable and needful content sir.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

It's just an analogy, don't take it so literally.

[@hareeshpentela5948]

Professor Dave Explains thank you sir. I am very happy to see your reply.❤️

[@yogisakha-legacyofecstasy5757]

Where did the bigger bacteria come or evolve from??

[@renukumar6075]

Can u explain what is thallus

[@NewWesternFront]

phallus

[@adarshjha5303]

According to endosymbiotic theory billions of years ago some bacteria were photosynthetic some can respire and they then merge resulted in an eukaryotic cell, but my Q is how can an isolated organelle (bacteria) can function independently?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

it's a very good question! i mean, if an organelle is generating a surplus of ATP, i can see how that could escape its membrane by diffusion and be available to the larger host cell, but as to how they slowly merge to become one organism is unclear to me. how they can function independently is no problem, as they are separate organisms that previously were surviving separately. but i'm sure there is some information out there even if still incomplete!

[@adarshjha5303]

Professor Dave Explains sir my basic geography is very weak and i face problem while studying ecology, so can you please make a video on that?

[@adarshjha5303]

Professor Dave Explains sir my basic geography is very weak and i face problem while studying ecology, so can you please make a video on that?

[@migfaen4]

Why this channel have no more subscribers

[@shahabbaloch8338]

can you tell how those first bacteria came into being?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

a few tutorials before this one in this biology series i talk about the origin of life

[@boccaluppo930]

Hot profesor YUM!

[@h35nilu87]

Sir you teach biology and math both...... Sir how it is possible

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

I don't really teach anything anymore, I just make tutorials! Call it a passion.

[@durwoodwhitman8808]

so what elements like carbon are cells made of

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Lots of elements.

[@rheiagreenland4714]

Mostly carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and a little bit of phosphorus, and some other elements like sulfur, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, etc. which are more specific to certain parts or molecules

[@calebsoriano6530]

This guy is so smart i wanna be atleast as smart as him

[@brd8764]

Cells. Onion cells. Similar or same cells.

[@comment8767]

So was there one, original entry event that created the symbiosis? Or did this happen many times. If the latter, it would seem that there should be plural, distinct kinds of mitochondria. But it seems like they all come from the same genetic history. Why would such an event happen only once, or a limited number of times? Same goes for chloroplasts. If a symbiotic event is unique, it would seem to be possible only under very special conditions... perhaps in a laboratory aboard some UFO or the like. If it is an easy process, we should be able to duplicate it in a terrestrial lab. I have not heard of someone doing this.

[@davidwatson2399]

Therefore god. Ok I get it.

[@comment8767]

@@davidwatson2399 Therefore nothing. You don't know what you don't know. No one knows what "God" is either, so reference to "God" does not add information. Life is a mystery.

[@davidwatson2399]

@@comment8767 What god ? Present your evidence for your chosen sky fairy 🤔

[@comment8767]

@@davidwatson2399 Didn't I just say that reference to "God" was not helpful? Whoever taught you how to read did not deserve an annual bonus.

[@davidwatson2399]

@@comment8767 Which god ? You avoided that question

[@SandhillCrane42]

Pay your liposomes a living wage.

[@Ulujmf]

Endoymbiosis should not be call theory anymore, phylogeny analysis show the connection of chloroplast and mitochondria with cyanobacteria and riketsia respectively

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Theories do not ever become anything other than theories no matter how much they are corroborated.

[@annie-zh1zf]

It looks like hot pot

[@Hshjshshjsj72727]

the jingles are always too loud compared to your voice I like the rest of the content but it makes it almost unbearable to keep watching these short videos

[@rolandoaponte214]

All this points to a purpose-minded, intelligent designer. Yet is the result of billions-year non-guided evolution...Yeahhh, right!!!!!!

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

No, it doesn't point to anything of the sort. You just believe in god, and are projecting your belief on everything you see.

[@DylanBobeck]

How so? Just because a cell functions properly doesn't mean it was created. Saying something points to an intelligent creator isn't evidence for said creator. Come back with some legitimate evidence, because I would love to see it.

[@Traumbewusstsein]

It is astonishing how all this came into being and it is understandable that one infers an intelligent designer because of the sheer complexity, efficiency and beauty of living things. How could something like this possibly evolve without some sort of intention? Yet, we just can't really grasp the time scales of evolution and the possibilities occuring in situations of large numbers. We can only calculate and observe and none of it requires an intelligent designer as a cause.

[@andreasdagen]

Is it like if instead of eating beef, I'd swallow a whole cow, and then that cow sits inside me eating grass that I eat and creating beef for me?

[@ShadowReaper-pu2hx]

I think it’s more like if you swallowed a snake so you share your food that you eat with the snake and then the snake gives you venom that you can use against other animals.