The Cell Cycle and its Regulation

Your cells have to divide when you're growing, to heal wounds, and to replace dead cells. But how do cells know when to divide and when not to divide? We can't have cells just growing willy-nilly! That's what cancer is, and that's bad. Luckily, cells obey something called the cell cycle, which is regulated by a variety of signaling molecules, which tell the cell when to divide and when to chill out. Let's look at the phases of this cycle and some of its regulatory mechanisms now.
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this is great video! really helped me understanding cell cycle regulation! thanks!

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[@JEPTEPKENY]

Quick question- Chromosomes can be monads (a single chromatid) or dyads (sister chromatids held together by a centromere; a dyad has two identical strands of DNA held closely together in a location called the centromere). When a cell is in the G1 or Gap 1 Phase of their cell cycle, the nucleus contains monads but during the S phase the DNA is synthesized into the dyads that are seen in the G2 or Gap 2 phase. *The strands are identical assuming that no copying errors (mutations) have occurred during the S phase of the cell cycle Familiarize yourself with the conditions of a cell’s chromosomes during the G1 and G2 phases of the cell cycle. The 4 phases of mitosis: Prophase = chromosomes condense Metaphase = chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell with reference to the two poles (the equatorial plate or metaphase plate) with each chromosome on its own spindle fiber (by itself) Anaphase = separation of the chromosomes Telophase = formation of two nuclear envelopes around the two chromosomal clusters and then the cell divides (cytokinesis) Questions: In humans, there are 46 chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell. When the cells are in the G1 phase the 46 chromosomes are 46 monads which are 46 single chromatids. During the S Phase the 46 monads become 46 dyads which are 46 sister chromatids that will split during the M Phase/Mitosis. What is in the nucleus of the cell after mitosis?

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In school, we watch the explanation videos. At home, I watch the debate videos.

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Thank you!

[@holistic-honey]

@dave So Cyclins and kinases provide the signal to help the cell move along through the checkpoints...but how do they know the cells are "fit" to continue forward to the next phase.

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[@josefa8939]

Your videos are great, thank you! FYI, the word "kinase" is pronounced KAI-nase.

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[@Ihsannurulimansfd]

one quick question dave. if nerve cells don't divide at all like you said, then how can doctors treat brain cancer? bcs, once the doctors get rid the tumor cells within the brain, don't they wait for certain amount of times so that the cells he cut form the new one. thanks

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Controlled cellular multiplication. And age related healing and Cancer treatment.

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Can someone explain what the role of the Destruction-Box is ?

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شكرا

[@epsilonecho1436]

While cells are just being cells, Prof Dave is being his usual compartmentalized messiah self :)

[@user-mp3sm8mr1u]

Best❤

[@abdeljalilpr2033]

I was asking my self how this signal are translated ??what is this signal??elecrones ??protons?? Need more detail...any way this is a very good channel respect from morocco

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

i talk about the signaling molecules in this clip! they interact with the genome to promote or inhibit gene expression. stay tuned for a future clip on regulation of gene expression.

[@thedisintegrador]

Usually some proteins or hormones

[@AlexTrusk91]

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="12">0:12</a> looks like a big strong blue guy with red head. Noone you want to argue with trying to get into a club.

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You gotta be using the campbell biology book

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This is way better than crush-course.

[@pastimepursuit7212]

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="300">5:00</a>, <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="320">5:20</a>, <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="352">5:52</a>, <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="400">6:40</a>!, <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="410">6:50</a>!, <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="442">7:22</a>!, <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="460">7:40</a>!, <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="515">8:35</a>, <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="584">9:44</a>, <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="625">10:25</a>, <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="651">10:51</a>!, <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="668">11:08</a>!

[@hacernurertunc4529]

Even though I don't speak English, I understood the pictures.

[@joshtickner3339]

Do cells grow during the g0 phase?

[@thedisintegrador]

Todd pls!

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hi taylor

[@henrytai4030]

hey hey joseph

[@SrTBP]

Wow! This is great continent! Simple and accurate! Just consider revising your explanation on chromatin structure...As far as I know chromosomes only go supercoiled for cell division...the DNA is largely in a "loose" state for replication and storage... otherwise it couldn't be used. (I'm not considering heterochromatin here, of course) Anyhow, great video!! :)

[@rosev6052]

i think there is an error at <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="117">1:57</a>

[@lauramejia7103]

Hey Todd!! aha come on phagocyte! - haha I need to talk to people, I've been studying too long

[@jenniferwang946]

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="63">1:03</a> Why are they called daughter cells? And not son cells, for example?

[@AnushkaSharma-ok2er]

we call it daughter cell since only *female* can reproduce.. so as it will grow it will become a mother cell and divide further.

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i love science

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I just like the into

[@duaa2822]

😍😍😍✨ Thanks

[@saketkumar4972]

Why don't we just cut that skin part where cell is dividing rapidly?

[@simplicitas5113]

How is this guy a professor. He is what, 32? EDIT: Also way too good teacher for a professor, especially in Cellbiology. Psst spoiler, he is just a Bachelor.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

I'm 37, it's a KZbin channel, and I'm a science communicator with a BA and MS.

[@k.bradley4334]

"Hey, Todd!"

[@adarshjha5303]

Why nerve cells never divide?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

something about chemical signaling, they must remain in the G0 state!

[@shaniquo3900]

Professor Dave are you a good or a bad person?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

I'm far from perfect, but I'd like to think I skew significantly towards good.

[@Osama_Alkadomi]

after studying biology in depth for many years I have slowly but surely started believing in a higher power. And after further research I have decided that there can only be 1 God responsible for the intricacy of the human body.

[@WokeandProud]

As long as you don't take it too far and become a YEC then that's perfectly fine I disagree strongly because of things like emergence but it's fine of that's what you wanna believe.

[@Osama_Alkadomi]

@@WokeandProud I do not understand what you mean by "taking it too far" secondly, things like emergence personally are not strong enough evidence to compensate for the incredible intricacy of the Universe and human physiology. However, I would not impose my beliefs on others. Although, there has to be a set of laws prohibiting homosexuality, illicit acitivities etc.

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​@@Osama_AlkadomiNo.