No vfx graphics, no animated motion, yet your videos always captivate me. Your voice and on point narration is enough to make anyone be interested in history..
@diptanudeb30847 ай бұрын
Bhai, can you talk about the resistance put by the chalukya ruler Pulakeshin II , to the Arabs !!
@JayVardhanSingh7 ай бұрын
yes, will cover it in the Arab invasion series.
@diptanudeb30847 ай бұрын
@@JayVardhanSingh thanks Bhai , for your kind reply.
@NawabiSigma7 ай бұрын
lmao, he never resisted arab in naval.. The invasion was not capturing any Territory but rather plundering and arabs succeeded in plundering thana and other coastal regions of western india.
@NawabiSigma7 ай бұрын
@Shining_Arayavart don't be a fool nigga, u dont know anything about that so stop this shit.
@MassalaStar7 ай бұрын
If Ancient Indian Empires had some kind of coalition or alliance and we had marched across our western borders things would have been very different ..
@TheWaleedKhalid7 ай бұрын
They hated each other.
@yj90327 ай бұрын
There was no India in ancient times
@alpha-vs1fx7 ай бұрын
For sure. Indian elephants and close combat expertise would have been extremely difficult for them to handle. Indians did launch invasions at times , but they considered the western side as mlecchas and didn't see any economic benefits of attacking westward.
@vasudhruw68437 ай бұрын
@yj9032 there was no china no England no arab no iran no Greece
@alpha-vs1fx7 ай бұрын
@@yj9032 there was nothing at that time by that logic lol
@ashok7557 ай бұрын
Thank you for the presentation
@piyushsonone77 ай бұрын
Great information bhai🎉
@MrPoornakumar7 ай бұрын
This is the excellent video channel for authentic information on Indian history. Please keep it up.
@arunpandian78087 ай бұрын
I remember reading Arabian Peninsula had trade relations with southern part of India before the period you mentioned. I think first mosque in Tamilnadu was built around 620 AD (same in Kerala I believe). I wonder what kinda trade relations existed between Arabs and South Western border (Kerala) around that same time period.
@navpallav7 ай бұрын
Great video on an untouched portion of history. As a suggestion, can you please split your video into 4-5 sections e.g. background, raids, aftermath etc.
@gangadharhiremath73067 ай бұрын
It is such a small ,insignificant issue and you want 4-5 videos!!! Mr.Singh himself has concluded these things as small matter.
@govindss277 ай бұрын
Please add subtitles because sometimes historical names/places are unheard of, it’ll help make better sense of the videos! Good work btw!
@RishabhSingh-op4no7 ай бұрын
Hey Jay! Good work and keep it up. I would appreciate if you also touch the regions of Zabulistan and Kabulistan in your Arab invasion series as they were also considered part of India at that time.
@JayVardhanSingh7 ай бұрын
Yes, will cover it in a future video.
@ritwikraj86587 ай бұрын
Were Gurjar-Pratiharas of Hunnic origin? Please make a video on the origins of the Gurjar-Pratiharas.
@sambitjena95587 ай бұрын
Gujar prathihara were the mix of hunas, shakas and kushanas
@Dekay-Viper7 ай бұрын
Jats & gujjars are descendants of scythians, huns. they harmoniously assimilated with the local population, the reason of steppe ancestry in North India
@Bhatti_Saab_77737 ай бұрын
@@sambitjena9558 They can't be mix of all 3... Kushanas were of East Asian looks... They were more or less local... Never in a single historical text they are written as outsiders... Their are still alot of Pratihar Rajputs in Mandore, Kannauj and at other historical bases
@aryanjaiswal89357 ай бұрын
Nope they weren't
@aryanjaiswal89357 ай бұрын
@@Dekay-Vipernope not jat. Neither gujjar are descendants of Scythian or Huns...stop peddling conspiracies in serious history discourse nor are they source of Steppe ancestry in north..the NW would have been enriched with more Steppe by them tho
@sarbaniparua28377 ай бұрын
Dada please make a video about what happened after the invasion of sindh
@JayVardhanSingh7 ай бұрын
I am moving chronologically so only after covering the Arab conquest of Sindh I can talk about its aftermath.
@spk2487 ай бұрын
Please tell about the connection of Maratha PoW from Third Battle of Panipat and the present tribes of Balochistan Sindh.
@santoshr29847 ай бұрын
Jay .. What do you think are the holes in this Sindh History which we need to study more? I definitely think there is sampling bias. I mean just the chachnama and some puranas cant make up all. We must be having archeological, numismatic evidence. Something else ?
@JayVardhanSingh7 ай бұрын
The problem of sampling bias arrives when we have the luxury to choose our evidence. In the case of the History of Ancient Sindh, we do not have this luxury. There are very few sources. The archaeological and numismatic evidence at present are miniscule.
@tauseefuddinkhan2 ай бұрын
You're referring to the concept of: *Antyajya* or *Antyavasati* (अन्त्यावासति) / *Saptasindhu* (सप्तसिन्धु) In ancient Hindu tradition, there was a notion that Hindus should not travel beyond the boundaries of the Indian subcontinent, considered sacred. This concept was rooted in: *Reasons:* 1. Fear of ritual impurity (आशौच, Āśaucā) 2. Separation from sacred rivers (e.g., Ganges) 3. Disconnection from sacred geography (e.g., Kashi, Ayodhya) 4. Risk of cultural contamination 5. Concerns about maintaining caste purity *Scriptural references:* 1. Manusmriti (2.22-24): Restricts travel to foreign lands 2. Yajnavalkya Smriti (1.122-125): Prohibits travel beyond Saptasindhu 3. Mahabharata (5.74.13-15): Warns against traveling to unknown lands *Saptasindhu:* Saptasindhu refers to the seven sacred rivers of the Indian subcontinent: 1. Ganges (Ganga) 2. Yamuna 3. Saraswati 4. Narmada 5. Godavari 6. Krishna 7. Kaveri Traveling beyond these rivers was considered spiritually and culturally hazardous. *Changes and reinterpretations:* 1. With the spread of Hinduism and Buddhism, this concept became less rigid. 2. Advaita Vedanta philosophy emphasized the unity of all beings. 3. Modern Hindu thinkers reinterpreted these restrictions in the context of globalization. *Key figures:* 1. Adi Shankara (788-820 CE): Emphasized spiritual unity beyond geographical boundaries. 2. Swami Vivekananda (1863-1902 CE): Advocated for cultural exchange and global understanding. Sources: 1. Hindu scriptures (Manusmriti, Yajnavalkya Smriti, Mahabharata) 2. Scholarly research (e.g., Journal of Hindu Studies) 3. Historical texts (e.g., "The History of India" by Vincent A. Smith) 4. Online resources (e.g., Wikipedia, (link unavailable)) 5. Academic publications (e.g., "Hinduism and the Nature of Reality")
@hriday13417 ай бұрын
Many are telling of some ancient alliance between Indian kingdoms . Actually this has already happened . 3 Indian kingdoms defended against 3 arab caliphates for 500 years .
@Olive_Chap7 ай бұрын
Quite fascinating 😮
@aizen_x_edits7 ай бұрын
Jay,Can you make a detail video on Pala empire (Kindly reply)
@gangadharhiremath73067 ай бұрын
These raids appear to be insignificant events.Three raids by small ships in a century or two on three ports located at a distance of 600-700 km away from each other is really a small issue.
@parjanyashukla1767 ай бұрын
Hi Jay, do you have any info on Sindh's history during the Vedic and Janapada period? We know about Gandhari in Mahabharata, Kekayi in Ramayana, then also Sapta Sindhu and Panchanada. Most rishis also lived between Punjab - UP - Bihar and this route was later called Uttarapatha. But not much is heard about Sindh's history during the Vedic period, and if people from Sindh interacted with people from Gangetic valley with the Thar desert in between?
@anuragmohapatra76087 ай бұрын
please make a video on medieval history of odisha
@copeenjoyer7 ай бұрын
He has some - 1 - kzbin.info/www/bejne/qYPClItpgNVliq8si=nFjRBDcfQ-fiqR5g, 2 - kzbin.info/www/bejne/f4iofIprg7GXi9Usi=e_BNbISHN9jogulS he is proceeding chronologically from vedic age, guptas and now he is in 9th century. I believe he will start talking about E Gangas and Gajapatis once we reach 11th C AD
@RitikSharma-ee4og7 ай бұрын
bhai can you make a vedio on arab invasion on zubils,kikan plz
@thestormbreaker62217 ай бұрын
Were the port of debal used to come under the kingdom of sindh ? If yes then we can say that this is the very first invasion or an attempt to inavde sindh even before mohommad bin Qasim .
@alexisdespland49397 ай бұрын
can you when your finished with the muslim conquests of india do a show about all the destroyed cities through out india history and maybe also the history of indian acheology.
@shashikantoraon17197 ай бұрын
Jay Bhaiya I want to know whether khilji were turks or Afghan because in Wikipedia it is there that they are descendent of khalaj tribe and some people say they are ghilji pastun?
@sushobhandas-eg1st7 ай бұрын
Khilji initially turks later heavily mixed with pathuns
@kartikshiroya22707 ай бұрын
Turks
@vimdhayakjigulambipurwale45365 ай бұрын
Turks hi tha afghanistan meaakara bas gaye the vo log
@krishnak20463 ай бұрын
They were khalji Turks
@rahulkumar-yi4xj7 ай бұрын
Can you explain arab expeditions of india and the resistance of indian powers. Please. History of arthshaastra and chanakya and his sources
@bendover-bz4bc7 ай бұрын
No resistance from Indian powers. Got ruled by Arabs then again Britishers ruled for another 300 years🤣🤣
@kartik46167 ай бұрын
Badhiya bhai
@kraut19827 ай бұрын
Could Deybal be Dabhol a port on western coast of Maharashtra?
@JayVardhanSingh7 ай бұрын
No, the Arab sources are clear that it was situated in Sindh.
@Hindustaniyoddha0897 ай бұрын
Do you know about the theory that the pre-islamic pagan god hubal which was later adopted as allah in islam has many similarities with lord shiva for example both are represented by moon on their heads and hubal was also associated with bringing a river there are also many other similarities of hindu gods between other arabian pagan godesses such as al mannat etc
@rishavkumar12507 ай бұрын
No it's not ... Nature based religions have similarities however it doesn't mean that one religion is copied from the other
@Hindustaniyoddha0897 ай бұрын
@@rishavkumar1250 😂😂what do you mean by nature based religions.thats you're atheists point of view of believing that hinduism like all religions stems from monkeys doing rituals.
@whitedragon74364 ай бұрын
Pre-Islamic pagan god hubal later adopted as Allah? Allah is an arabic term for the one almighty God. Al (The) Ilah (One worthy of worship) The Pre-Islamic arab pagans, jews, christians all used to worship Allah and they referred to him as "Allah" even before the revelation of the Qur'an. The reason why the Qur'an was revealed was because the pagans started worshipping idols and started associating partners with Allah and the Qur'an came to bring them back to monotheism from polytheism. I hope you get the point.
@Hindustaniyoddha0894 ай бұрын
@@whitedragon7436 no allah means the God(god with capital G)and was the supreme diety of arabic Pagans and they arabic pagans worshipped idols from the beginning.
@Hindustaniyoddha0894 ай бұрын
@@rishavkumar1250 how does that then explain similarity in linguistics?how are the stories a bit way too eerily similar?with your logic even all the indo european religions are similar due to nature based religion?
@sandeepmeena17 ай бұрын
10:50 artillery existed back then??
@anonymouslyopinionated6567 ай бұрын
he's not talking about gunpowder. artillery has existed since at least 300 bc
@sandeepmeena17 ай бұрын
@@anonymouslyopinionated656 understood
@JjKk-qh4re7 ай бұрын
@@sandeepmeena1 ever read about catapult ?
@DebarghyaBhattacharyya-l1i7 ай бұрын
Please make video on pala empire of bengal
@sameersadh67177 ай бұрын
Hey man , you always seem to have amazing thumbnails. What is your secret behind it ? How do you create thumbnails ?
@JayVardhanSingh7 ай бұрын
thank you, I use photoshop.
@sameersadh67177 ай бұрын
@@JayVardhanSingh I meant, where do you get your images from?
@raginisingh22517 ай бұрын
V. Informative video
@syedmaricar99467 ай бұрын
Very interesting coastal history from konkani coast Kerala coast coromandel coast to Calcutta's ,traders were active as pirate's thrived also. Still goes on today Yemeni, Somalia coastal area India and others incursion in the area interesting to listen .
@Optimusprime_6837 ай бұрын
Hello, jay what's the connection between rajputs and white huns. Are they same
@Shubhamkumar-fr9hl7 ай бұрын
bhai ek coin mila h jo ki ramgupta ka h jis pr kacha likha h,isse ab ye theories nikal rhi h ki kacha aur ramagupta ek hi h,is pr apke vichar??
@souravdedhaaa19 күн бұрын
Please tell us about the Gurjars, they defeated arabs many times
@alexisdespland49397 ай бұрын
before the invention of guns what weapons did elphant riders orther then the vast size of the elephant use.
@anonymouslyopinionated6567 ай бұрын
More than 50% is just background info.. please give timestamps in these sort of cases.
@bhavavyadav26157 ай бұрын
i wanted to know about ancient abhir tribe which are known as ahirs in modern day and are they actually the descendants of ancient Yadavas which they claim to be? Plzzzzzz answer
@aizen_x_edits7 ай бұрын
Descendents of Yaduvāmsha called "Yadavas",we know that from Mahabharata Yaduvāmsha ended In the time of Kurukshetra War
@vimdhayakjigulambipurwale45365 ай бұрын
Abhir tribe has foreign descendent 😂😂😂
@QueensClick1437 ай бұрын
you have mentioned only chalukya, i have read that chalukya king Pulkeshi was ruling and he won the battle, is there no evidence for this ? please tell us...
@agnelomascarenhas89907 ай бұрын
Thank you. I wasn't aware of the Arab raids this early, only the Chachnama, Muhammad bin Qasim and Sind.
@QueensClick1437 ай бұрын
even chalukya king pilikesi had send horse to Persian and he had some control over them, pulikesi had huge navy and controlling part of indian ocean.. these all are not teaching in our history.
@faheemhassan88207 ай бұрын
well to shock you caliph umar did not authorize the development of naval fleet ...........infact he abstained one of his commanders Muawiah to make naval ship as he wasnt sure abour the safety of crew ......The First Naval Fleet was ordered by Muawiah 1 one to Attack Cyprus and this is well documented .
@kraut19827 ай бұрын
Thana city is not directly on sea it’s a few kms upstream on the Ulhas river where it splits into 2 creeks. Ship access to Thana is through these creeks. Thana as you mentioned seemed to come up during Chalukya time after Kalyan. However Suparrak or Sopara which is actually a sea port near Vasai creek, where Ulhas river meets the sea, is pretty old port, also mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean sea There is also an area on this creek called Ghodbunder which was used for horse trading. Further on this river is city of Kalyan, then various trades routes passing through the Sahyadri range such as the one at Naneghat you can reach deep into Deccan plateau and the ancient caves at Ajanta, where you will find among the many paintings one of a Sassanian dignitary at the Chalukya court thought to be Khusrow. It will be interesting if you see all these places on map. Another thing that this video reminded me about are some Hero stone carvings of a naval battle found in Eksar, Borivali, during construction of a highrise. They might be depicting this battle or one at a later date. Worth checking it out on KZbin kzbin.info/www/bejne/h6evk3eabLCLa9Usi=rtu9FgKBraj6YfXc
@vipulchaturvedi9967 ай бұрын
Good info partner but the video you mentioned is in Marathi not Hindi or English. Regards
@Mani-my8ob7 ай бұрын
Jay Bhai can you confirm the clash between Bappa Rawal and the arabs whether it was a large battle or not because i am still confused if Bappa Rawal even existed.
@ultimatewebhead87797 ай бұрын
Even I want to know this
@kartikshiroya22707 ай бұрын
we have already found out shilalekh... which mention bappa rawal name....
@vipulchaturvedi9967 ай бұрын
Bappa Rawal s existence can not be doubted by other than ignorants. He is the founder of Guihilot Dynasty still continuing in Mewar with Maharana Arvind Singh Mewar as the last Scion.
@omjidwivedi41847 ай бұрын
Please make a video on chanakya and chandragupta
@sabbirsiddiqui37947 ай бұрын
Thanks for Informative presentation. Please add some animated small videos within your presentation.
@sajadxargar33917 ай бұрын
Raids where carried out to stop the weaponry help that indian rulers were sending to sassanid rulers
@gameruleworld.18897 ай бұрын
637 a.d means chalukyan emperor immadi pulkeshi the great was still ruling half of india and kalayan port comes under him didn't emperor pulkeshi didn't clased with arabs while they doing naval invasions???
@JayVardhanSingh7 ай бұрын
Why would a Chalukya emperor come in person to tackle these small raids? As I have said in the video, this was not a big naval expedition. It was a small raid. Also, raids by their very nature are surprise attacks. If there was any battle that happened between the Arabs and the Indians, the military garrison of the region would've been enough to tackle the small Arab force. We also know from different sources that the Arabs didn't try to conquer and establish their base. They swiftly returned.
@jithendtk93817 ай бұрын
@@JayVardhanSingh Yes, Pulakeshin might not have fought with the Arabs personally, but can we safely assume it was Pulakeshin's army that warded off the Arab invasion?
@NawabiSigma7 ай бұрын
@@jithendtk9381nope.
@gameruleworld.18897 ай бұрын
@@JayVardhanSinghmeans the small resistance which came from India is from pukeshi army right???
@santusanturohit48327 ай бұрын
When you keep goat to guard your house instead of hunting dog..thief robber enter houses..non violence cutspa followers Jain and Buddhist were majority in Sindh,Afghan region...and lost to Arab invasion..same case with Bengal..
@satoru.nakata5 ай бұрын
so urdu is nothing but some misspelt arabic, persian and turkish words? all grammar of urdu comes from sanskrit, shouldn't it be unfair to call hindi and urdu two different languages just because both are written in different scripts?
@anushaiyer24877 ай бұрын
Can you tell about malabar before Islam religion and culture
@parthipanselvaraj26297 ай бұрын
It's basically Chera and Tulu kingdoms.
@alexisdespland49397 ай бұрын
the way eloise dosen't think of what other will think of her make me think shr might be austic.
@anjanpratapsingh7277 ай бұрын
More attention should be paid to the attempted Arab invasion of India. If the Arabs hadn't been stopped at Sindh , situation of Hindus would have been no different to Parsis.
@cgtim32307 ай бұрын
Our problem is we were always defending... Thank God Modi has now changed the dynamic..
@JackChit-pv3dj7 ай бұрын
“Arab invasion of India” 😂😂. These will make up anything
@manojitmondal30197 ай бұрын
Arabs was interested to seize the overseas business of india and Europe/Rome
@kiranshettyv59467 ай бұрын
Jai kannad buvaneshwari. Jai chakravarthy immadi pulakeshi[pulakeshi II]
@NishantShyamGoutam7 ай бұрын
Pirates of the Arabian
@MohanKumar-pv4zu7 ай бұрын
First Arab invasion was successfully thwarted by Immadi Pulikeshi he was the ruler during 6 century and ruling over 75% india
@HimanshuShukla08027 ай бұрын
Pls make video in Hindi so that you can get more views.
@vipulchaturvedi9967 ай бұрын
Good work but it is not bharukachh but bhrigukachh may be after the name of Rishi Bhrigu. And similarly it is Shreesthanak, for present thana now. Obviously these ports must have been hosting rich populations, that could be looted. See here we are talking about first Caliph Umar, this looting, predatory tradition was an established source of income from the Times of, and at the instigation and patronage and even active participation of Muhammad himself. The Arab tribal groups sustained on this loot piracy thieving snatching brigandry only.
@JayVardhanSingh7 ай бұрын
Bhrigukaccha is one of the ancient names of Bharuch, but not the only name. In Buddhist sources the port is called Bharukaccha. And not only in Buddhist sources, the name Bharukaccha appears in Puranas too.
@vipulchaturvedi9967 ай бұрын
@@JayVardhanSingh well the original Sanskrit name was that in spoken prakrit aur sauraseni dialects. , it could have been etmylogically mutated.
@magma90007 ай бұрын
Love from Pakistan 🇵🇰♥️
@aniruddhbahuguna54627 ай бұрын
ARAB LOOSE IN THANA, EVIDENCE PULKESHIN
@rashidrahman96737 ай бұрын
This is Hindu fundamentalist, propaganda, there never was a Arab raids, they were trading ship's sailing to the western coast of India, there was a trading settlement in kerala, first Masjid in India in kerala, was built in 650 ce., first Arab umayyad invasion in 711 ce.,sind.
@rishavkumar12507 ай бұрын
Anything which disagrees with your opinion is hindu fundamentalist ... Jay Vardhan got this from the books written by Arab historians ,so are you saying that medieval Arab historians are fundamentalist 😂😂😂
@theultimateshield51337 ай бұрын
Come on man convert back to the religion of your ancestors of our country.
@sahilsingh60487 ай бұрын
Pedophile worshipers
@PK-se2jh6 ай бұрын
a 2 rupees convert as always defending foreigners. A 2 rupees convert abdul rashid have no identity so he think defending what Qasim did, Turks did, mongols did, just always defending that gave him identity
@PK-se2jh6 ай бұрын
funniest part is a 2 rupees convert of subcontinent is the first to defend foreigners who opressed his ancestors in past lol
@DilMangeMore177 ай бұрын
You don’t even know when muslims started their trade or raids as you called them, it wasn’t India because there was no India then. They were all independent states. So zero marks 😂
@vipulchaturvedi9967 ай бұрын
Little knowledge coupled with self assumed arrogance is a potent combination of self delusion and ultimately self destruction. Beware my friend.
@sahilsingh60487 ай бұрын
Brainless pakistani kid
@anonymouslyopinionated6567 ай бұрын
ok, bharat. better?
@DilMangeMore177 ай бұрын
@@anonymouslyopinionated656 who was the leader of this bharat when Muslims came? If you don’t understand the easy way
@parjanyashukla1767 ай бұрын
@@DilMangeMore17 There was no "leader". As if we are some kind of Catholic church. Leadership was at the local and regional level.
@diptyprakashswain11217 ай бұрын
Arey bhai Hindi mein videos bena lena jyda views milega..🎉
@aizen_x_edits7 ай бұрын
Inka hindi channel hai already
@porothashawarma23397 ай бұрын
English seekh le, zindagi m kuch kaam aayega
@aizen_x_edits7 ай бұрын
@@porothashawarma2339 Right
@hamidullahhamid89697 ай бұрын
Which India Arabs had invaded? There was No modern day Nation in those time , there were empires so whoever had the power who would control more territory, The companion of prophet Muhammad pbah and those from the next generation had conquered two Giant neighbouring Empire The Persian and the Romans within 30/50 years and Victory comes from Allah Otherwise these Bedouin Arabs had No chance Conquering the two Giants of the time
@area93647 ай бұрын
Madrasa history 😂😂
@devyanilimaye85604 ай бұрын
Al Hind
@laina61577 ай бұрын
India always had a batter navy and ships people suck 😟
@TingTong25683 ай бұрын
This so called islamic naval invasion of India at such early date can very much be a fiction. At this time, they just beggining to build their naval forces trying to invade Cyprus from Syria. What makes them to become so highly capable to reach as far as India at such early date. All these islamic sources such as Al Baladhuri and Al Tabari is questionable in many of their accounts.
@area93647 ай бұрын
Madrasachaps saying there was no India befor 1947😂😂 This land was always there, names were different back then. Use little common sense.😂
@Knighted_Alexander7 ай бұрын
A world without Islam would be such a peaceful World 🌍
@AmoghVastrad-h8o7 ай бұрын
So according to you no wars before Islam. 😂😂😂
@Knighted_Alexander7 ай бұрын
@@AmoghVastrad-h8o There were wars in Hindu subcontinent but there was no savagery. It used to be men vs men, no king used to take the wife daughter of the defeated King. Thats the difference, it changed when qasmi did this for the first time. I think you're a malecha
@AmoghVastrad-h8o7 ай бұрын
@@Knighted_Alexander Amogh is Sankrit word. 😂😂😂😂You have great understanding of Indic identity. 😂😂😂😂
@Knighted_Alexander7 ай бұрын
@@AmoghVastrad-h8o oh Pardon for the judgement, I only saw to user I'd not the name.
@parthipanselvaraj26297 ай бұрын
@@Knighted_Alexander bro your understanding of history is very low if you think savagery is only followed by mlecchas .
@trueraja7 ай бұрын
Arab invade sindh amd northern parts not whole India specially southern 😂
@Farooqueakhan7 ай бұрын
Indians were full of discrimination in those times, making India weak and vulnerable and the history is repeated for those who don't learn from it. But, BJP/RSS and its leaders are too full of themselves.
@PK-se2jh6 ай бұрын
Shia sunni Ahmadiya Ibadis etc never tolerate each other. In subcontinent first job of 2 rupees convert is to defend foreigners either arab or mughals but not keefeers Britishers.
@PK-se2jh6 ай бұрын
a 2 rupees convert will always be the victim. its Izlem that stop progress of nations. most of poorest nations of on earth are Islamic. Great luck that most Indians are not 2 rupees convert who use turko-mongol khan name with no identity