The Arab Invasion of India : The Beginning

By the middle of the seventh century AD, with the disappearance of the Sassanid Empire, the Arabs were now poised to invade India. In this video, we will look at the first phase of this invasion, which resulted in the conquest of Makran.
Reference:-
Anjum, Tanvir., The Emergence of Muslim Rule in India: Some Historical Disconnects and Missing Links, 2007.
Bakker Hans T., The World of Skandapurāṇa, 2014.
Bede, John Jehangir., The Arabs in Sind, 712-1026 AD, 1973.
Elliot, H.M. and Dowson, J., The History of India as told by its own Historians Vol -1, 1867.
Fredunbeg, Mirza Kalichbeg (trans.)., Chachnamah, 1900.
Hoyland, Robert G., In God's Path, 2015.
Lambrick, H.T., Sindh: Before the Muslim Conquest, 1973.
Majumdar, R.C., The Arab Invasion of India, 1931.
Wink, André., Al-Hind, Vol I: Early Medieval India and the Expansion of Islam 7th-11th Centuries, 2024.
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Maps and Images used in the video are made by me and are subject to copyright.

[@A_Shanto]

good thing is that you mentioned source unlike other indian youtuber

[@mohan1651]

Great work dude, history not just very well explained but also you have sighted all the sources and all sources mentioned are very reliable.

[@tvrulz46]

Why didn’t the Sindhis use the warnings and the time they had to build their defensive fortifications and institutions? Do we have any reasons because it seems like they rested on their laurels. When the mongols devastated Hungary King Bela did so much to protect Hungary from the second invasion from Batu khan 3 decades later. We also know Alfred the great protected the land of Anglo saxons from danish raiders for centuries with his forward planning of fortresses and his standing army of feudal levies.

[@krisharora130]

Now as per one thing I can state if I might be able to describe it completely is fortifications and defensive establishments and outposts had not reached this part of the world till this point it was still pitched battles deciding fates in Asia and Asia minor it's only the rise of medieval time with the decline of major powers like rashtrakutas and pratiharas and incursions of turks that these defence positions were incorporated especially by the later rajputs

[@nikhilkavia9613]

Nice video. Try to add graphics, soundtrack and animations like the shogunate and kings and general

[@opedsk]

Not that kind of entertainment channel 😂

[@1308Ghosty]

Jay bhai, would you consider making a video on the Multan sun temple , and what became of its famous murti ?

[@rishavkumar1250]

It was dismantled over time

[@parjanyashukla176]

It was made of gold, must have been melted

[@MRSINGH.OFFICIAL]

Can you make a video detailing books serial wise that one can read to know the history of Indian subcontinent in last 1000-2000 years?

[@anotherkettlebellenthusias8586]

bhaiya from where did you buy the RC Majumdar's set books behind of you??? it's quite hard to get

[@benefactor4309]

I wonder why Sassanian public did not revolt against Arab conquerors . It seems they were fed up with sassanids and hated them

[@uchandrakanthkini5411]

It was because of the Byzantine sassanid war

[@benefactor4309]

@@uchandrakanthkini5411 yes plus egalitarian islam. All lower class peasants converted to it

[@alpha-vs1fx]

They did try to revolt many times , the revolts were put down. They actually wrote many letters for help to Indian kings too.

[@benefactor4309]

@@alpha-vs1fx actually sassanid society was fucked up and lower caste people their welcomed islam

[@arpan9937]

Thier were manyu revolts. They were brutally crushed, just like in india.

[@discipulusperegrinus5125]

Hey would you please make a historical analysis of the movie samrat pritviraj, I have seen your analysis of the movie asoka it will be great if you did the same for samrat pritviraj?

[@Ashutosh_Singh_Bais]

Great video ❤,You should try chronological historical video series (~⏰20 min)of known history of Indian sub-continent covering various aspects like Power-social structure,economy,important events etc with image,maps,anime & graphics like King and general or shogunate etc.

[@sajadxargar3391]

Please, keep it up, it is a very informative video and your narration of events beggars description

[@Tushir0001]

Jats of Kaikan range (Sindh) defeated Arabs five times from 662 AD to 833 AD

[@sadcapyyoutube]

Jats are overrated. They think highly of themselves as if they were the only ones who repelled the invasions. The Southern Indian kingdoms defeated the invaders way more.

[@FlawLess_333]

😂no

[@diptanudeb3084]

​@@FlawLess_333 padhai bhi kar liya kar mulleh 😂

[@champion1928]

I seen many time's Indian's are so biased & insured when comes to Jat's battles , but non -indians historians done great work on The Jats in the Delta Region of the Indus and in Kutch (Sapta Sindh or Indus) Jats of Kaikan clearly mentioned by Arabs & Ziyad ibn Abihi (also known as Ziyad ibn Abu-Sufian), during the reign of Mu'awiya I, appointed Rashid ibn Omar al-Judaidi, a member of the Azd tribe, to the frontiers of Sindh. al-Judaidi was the first Arab to win a battle against Kaikan, but was killed by the Meds. Ziyad then appointed al-Manzar (also spelt al-Mundhir) ibn al-Jarud al-Abdi (also known as Abu-l-Ash’as) to Sindh. al-Manzar is said to have conquered Kaikan. When Muhammad bin Qasim (694 - 715) invaded Sindh, Kaikan was the possession of the Jats. The country of Kaikan was triangulated to be to the south-east of Afghanistan, and was decisively conquered from the Jats by the Arab general Imran bin Musa al Barmaki (son of Musa ibn Yahya) during the reign of the Caliph Al-Mutasim-bi-llah (833-881). During his reign, another expedition was sent against the Jats who had seized the roads to Hajar. They were overcome after a bloody conflict lasting twenty five days

[@MRSINGH.OFFICIAL]

Thanks for the Information

[@ayushsingh4574]

Jats sided with Arabs and converted to Islam. Arabs along with jats defeated raja dahir. Jats betrayed Raja dahir

[@vinaymalik3945]

Sirf buddhist jato quasim ka sath diya tha , kyoki raja dahir ne unke rights ban kr diye the ✅ hindu jats raja dahir ke sath the

[@Hunter-z1p]

​@@vinaymalik3945source ? Ki rights cheene gye ? Buddhist always keen to takeover power , and a king from another faith ruling them , they never tolerated. Stop blaming Brahmins all the time. Or provide some authentic sources ...

[@Haveagodday-w8m]

Thank you🙏

[@bvlland]

Your welcome🙏

[@gangadharhiremath7306]

Because you are an avid historian,I like to put this question: Is it right to call attacks on Sourastra or Sindh coast lines about 1000-1200 years back as attack on India?For an Arab those areas might have been "Hind" but there was no notion of India for the local inhabitants

[@ritwikraj8658]

Please make a video on Gurjar-Pratiharas.

[@muddasirahmed]

Since you often quote Baladhuri, I think it will help if you correct his name's pronunciation. It's Ba-laa-dhu-ree (the laa and ree are long but dhu is not long.) Also the pronunciation of Dh here is more like English Th in "though", but in India, Pakistan and Bangaldesh its often pronounced as a z sound. So the people of subcontinent are more use of the pronunciation "Balazuri".

[@JayVardhanSingh]

Thanks for the information.

[@amankumar-zx1eo]

Very interesting

[@Truthseeker838]

Sir may you make video of series of wars between persians & bazentine vs Arabs

[@krishbohra5536]

The thumbnail makes me curious, how common were camels in ancient Indian warfare? Was it just something that became more and more important with growing interactions with the Middle East?

[@Bhatti_Saab_7773]

Nope, because of desert regions in far west of india, camels were better options for Rajasthanis and Sindhis instead of horses.

[@krishbohra5536]

@@Bhatti_Saab_7773 So we know for sure that kings that ruled the areas of western Rajasthan and Sindh in ancient times were using camels in warfare?

[@Bhatti_Saab_7773]

@@krishbohra5536 yeah

[@Shubham-1999]

They were used for transport of goods and weapons of army. Not on battlefield

[@raginisingh2251]

V. Informative video

[@AnshumanMohapatra-jl6hy]

Please not only make videos on invasion faced by our ancestors but also make the videos about where our ancestors invaded.

[@AD-gg2sr]

Who were the rulers of Makran, AL quiqan and Budhiyah when the Arabs raided?

[@ChefbyMistake]

It's a fake research. They were Persians who always ruled India.

[@brinjal1371]

​​@@ChefbyMistake what evidence do you have to support your statement in which you used "Always"

[@ChefbyMistake]

@@brinjal1371 There are many evidences but I can share for you in points so you can study them yourself. 1) Parthian and Sassanian Empire extended till India 2) Before British Afghans, Persis and Baluch people identified themselves as Indians 3) The largest Shahbandars ( Grand Persian Port ) were located in India for example Porbandar in Gujurat and Bandar in Mumbai. 4) Aryan Theory and Endogamy within Indian Society 5) Trading Routes, Cultural exchanges and all Invasions are from the same route. If we accept that India was never attacked via Sea except the Europeans then we can easily understand that India was probably attacked and ruled by Persians who obviously never identified as Persians but Aryans.

[@brinjal1371]

@@ChefbyMistake point 4- Aryan Invasion is a theory. Endogamy existed and exists in every part of the world in every culture. Tell me any history of any other country where theory like Aryan Invasion or migration is talked about as evidence?

[@brinjal1371]

@@ChefbyMistake point 2 : persis never identified as Indians .

[@RitikSharma-ee4og]

thank u for this information

[@rahulkumar-yi4xj]

How vedic people preach vedic mantra and learn it without grammar

[@bvlland]

You don't necessarily need grammar to learn mantras. The whole life of Vedic people revolved around Learning, reciting, and performing rituals/yajnas as per Vedas. Also language came first then grammar and writing developed later so oral tradition was the most prevalent technique to pass on the culture.

[@SciRaider]

Ratta mara bhai

[@Hunter-z1p]

🙄 Are you saying that sanskrit has no grammer ? Seriously ?

[@AnshumanMohapatra-jl6hy]

Pulakeshi Raja, a vassal of Pulakeshin of Chalukya clan defeated the arab raidera

[@Phyzl000]

For those who don't know al-hajaj,he is considered as the most cruel person by Muslim historians

[@parjanyashukla176]

Is the fourth caliph Ali the same person called Ali Ibn Abu Talib, the son-in-law of Mohammad and the supposed patriarch of Shias? So it means that he ordered an invasion of Sindh?

[@ashok755]

Thank you

[@disorderedenthropy]

Some animations would be nice.

[@muhammadzeeshansiddique8968]

Battle of rasil or 2nd battle of makran ek sarkaari lashkarkashi thi jiska hukum 17 hijri me umar r.a. ne diya tha but kisi wajeh ye us waqt nhi ho saki or tayyariyan bhi badi karni thi kiyunki 7 jageh par faojkashi ka farman jaari hua tha jisme makran bhi tha lekin us waqt makran ki taraf se sindh ka raja rasil bhi ladne aya or makran ke commander the hakam bin amr al sa'albi the jab sindh ki faoj makran pahunchi to arab ke 3 commander apni faoj ke saath hakam ka saath dene gaye See more

[@muhammadzeeshansiddique8968]

Battle of rasil means 2nd battle of makran se pehle ek choti jung or ho chuki rhi 23 hijri me jiske commander hakam ibn abu al aas al saqafi the jinhe unke bhai or oman ke governor usman bin abu al ass ne bheja tha or ise jeet hasil hui thi iska zikr arab source jo arabic me hai samsuddin zahabi ka jinhe al dahabi kehte han unki history ki book hai tareekh e islam wal tabqaat masaheer al alaam Volume 2 page no.48 Yahi baat ibn kathir arab historian ne al wadaya wal nihaya volume 7 page 141 me likhi hai

[@tivo3720]

Hlo can you please explain how did the Islamisation of Bengal happened. How did most of the Bengalis become Muslim

[@QueenBattle-zb7nz]

Because of yadu Narayan jalaluddin

[@tivo3720]

​@@QueenBattle-zb7nzhow can only one man do such change!!! He was Known as kala pahar right?

[@nishu413]

Well a short story which i heard somewhere in youtube. Earlier ganga's main course was via hoogly river which is now a distributary of ganga from farakka till bay of bengal via calcutta. That is why almost all of capitals of bengal were along hoogly like in murshidabad malda district, calcutta etc. sometimes capitals were even in bihar upto patna. therefore majority of bengal in history was current west bengal , khulna, rajshahi division of banglAdesh , (west of brahmPutra in north Bangladesh.) East i e rangpur and other divisions of bangladesh were heavily forested area .sparsely populTed by tribals. Then somehere arnd jehangir reign , ganga changed course and current course became main course of ganga. This change allowed mughals to move into east . Between jehangir and aurangzeb, Initially they started with small port towns along river where they resettled newly converted muslims from bengal with generous land grants. These guys got army protection against tribal raids. Thus these mughal ports expanded in interior and tribals were pushed into hills. Idea of mughals was to setup east bengal aka bangladesh into forward base to invade assam and burma. This way , east bengal became mostly muslim Before any jumps and say that most landlords in east bengal in hindus in 1947. Yes that is true , but change happened in british rule under jagirdari system

[@ansh_u_r]

because of caste system.

[@theycallmewarlord6003]

@@ansh_u_r don's give stupid argument.

[@rahulkumar-yi4xj]

How without Grammer vedic hyms work

[@agnelomascarenhas8990]

Hymns are based on "meter", order based on timing. Grammar is about valid order of tokens.

[@utkarshsingh-rp2dq]

Is so what exactly was the name of this arab empire?

[@manik_aep]

Umayyad Caliphate and Rashidun Caliphate (636 AD)

[@FlawLess_333]

​@@manik_aeprashidun caliphate till 661

[@manik_aep]

​@@FlawLess_333Ya, i was talking abt the major naval expeditions

[@pranjayCh]

@jayvardhan Please explain the term AL-jurj or AL jujar

[@princekakodia]

Jats defeated Arabs in Qiqan. Jai Jat devta

[@FlawLess_333]

Nope, Arabs were Victorious, these were only raids.

[@QueenBattle-zb7nz]

​@@FlawLess_333 jats defeated the Arabs in qiqan by al bhaduri

[@FlawLess_333]

@@QueenBattle-zb7nz daku I'm talking about whole scenario. Arabs were victorious Against the kaikans and in the end imran barmaki captured the whole region and called it al baida.

[@Tushir0001]

​@@FlawLess_333Jats of Kaikan range defeated arabs 5 times.

[@FlawLess_333]

@@Tushir0001 totally fake ! There were also turks and mid not only jats. Example al muhallab attacked kaikan and there were 18 turks but He killed them all. Second Abdallah ibn-Sawwar he conducted a successful raid but was killed by turks not by jats. There were turks also but the story ur saying is fictitious.

[@Shubhamkumar-fr9hl]

bhai ramagupta ka ek coin mila h jispr kacha likha hua h, toh kya ramagupta=kacha?

[@soumyadiptamajumder8795]

Make a detailed video on the pros and cons of Marxist historiography!!!

[@parvadhami980]

Why don't we give as much credit to the Gurjara kings, Chalukyas, etc. who repeatedly thwarted Arab Invaders as Maharana Pratap or Shivaji?

[@Raj-vn1ew]

Plz improve sound variation skill

[@muhammadzeeshansiddique8968]

Battle of rasil means 2nd battle of makran se pehle ek choti jung or ho chuki rhi 23 hijri me jiske commander hakam ibn abu al aas al saqafi the jinhe unke bhi or oman ke governor usman bin abu al ass ne bheja tha or ise jeet hasil hui thi iska zikr arab source jo arabic me hai samsuddin sahabi ka jinhe al dahabi kehte han unki history ki book hai tareekh e islam wal tabqaat masaheer al alaam

[@KhukuriGod]

The stack of books that are placed horizontally in the top-right part of the shelf...they look like related books that are part of a series. I'd like to know what books they are, or at least the publisher or series name.

[@JayVardhanSingh]

These are books from the "The History and Culture of the Indian People" edited by R.C. Majumdar series.

[@Shubham-1999]

​@@JayVardhanSinghdid those invasions including port raids happened when those regions were ruled by harshavardhan becoz he ruled until 647 AD. if so why no Arab sources mentioned him considering he was such a popular figure.

[@KhukuriGod]

@@JayVardhanSingh Thanks a lot Jay. Would you recommend those books to a layman like me? Or are they dense and scholarly? Also, if you don't mind, can you tell me the name of at least one of the books that's to your left (right side from the POV of the viewer)? The ones with the dark blue cover with yellow/green components. Thanks :)

[@KhukuriGod]

@@JayVardhanSingh Also, love and best wishes from Nepal. I thoroughly enjoy watching your videos.

[@ansh_u_r]

I can't believe that just thing could be happen to India.

[@gangadharhiremath7306]

You are a historian.That is why my question. *Was it an Arab "invasion" of "India"?* Two relatively small attack on present day Gujrat and Pakistan coast town is an invasion? Was present day " India" attacked or whether the attack was essentially on two towns of Sindh? This north indian notion that any thing happening from Taxshila to Gandhara to sindh or even Delhi was happening to India is a bit farfetched.This extrapolation is unsustainable. Bengal or M'rastra or South India are so far removed from north west india,both geographically and culturally that they events of the past in the present day pak-afghan area or even Rajputana cant be extrapolated to those areas. Moreover India as one political administrative entity is hardly 75 years old. One more point.Why should we think that what happened 1000 or 2000 years back in the present day pakistan and Afghanistan is connected to present day India.

[@nitkills7070]

I mean the Arabs definitely called it the invasion of Al hind and have no doubt that these invasions or incursions if you will, will have immense effect on the trade, thought, life and future of all of the subcontinent. About your south and Maharashtra being culturally different to north comment is useless here because the implications of an islamic force entering the subcontinent was a big event and a Domino effect for something even bigger in the coming future of the subcontinent, it's religions it's people it's culture. India being a political entity for 75 years is again irrelevant in this discussion because the reason for pakistan and other islamic regime in the subcontinent is Islam and this video is somehow related to its beginnings in the subcontinent. Many historians referred to the subcontinent as India in historical terms and it's alright.

[@krillin3350]

Make a video on aryan invasion/ migration theory is it fact or myth ?

[@successiongaming7829]

the thing i want to know about

[@Straightforwardpk]

Arab invasion of Al Hind (wal Sind)

[@rashidrahman9673]

Muhammad bin Qasim, came to sindh in 711,banu umayyad, General with 6 thousand Syrian cavalry, reason being to get over 50 captive's,from jail,

[@akrf4787]

👍

[@arnav3674]

pogchamp

[@baloch8961]

Baloch are makrani

[@champion1928]

Makrani are baloch

[@ScindianLad]

Baloch are Iranian nomads.

[@user-rr5mq4em5w]

Didn't they attacked because the King of Sindh captured a ship from Sri Lanka?

[@FlawLess_333]

It happened later in the beginning of 8th century.

[@ansh_u_r]

they attacked earlier also...Arabs invaded Spain without any reason.

[@FlawLess_333]

@@ansh_u_r there was reason, there was the Christian chief with name Julian, he went to musa bin nasair, he was governor of NAF for help against brutal ruler of spain called rodrick so musa sent 7k forces with Tariq bin ziaad

[@ansh_u_r]

@@FlawLess_333 and they didn't give Spain to the person who asked for help...Arabs werw on killing spree...tbey attacked Egypt without any reason..levamt without any reason Persia without any reason..khorasan without any reason...and tried to attack anatolia without any reason...unfortunately the all affairs in different reason of the world was at that time was in bad shape...helped Arabs..Indians were strong so they just clinched a piece after long struggle..

[@FlawLess_333]

@@ansh_u_r you got heated.. There will always be a reason behind the conquest. Capturing land and the spread of their Culture and religion. We find in baladhur and chachnama the reason behind the arab invasion of India that some pirates looted the ships and captured the muslim women.al hajja wrote the letter to leave them but dahir rejected that and caused the invasion to happen..Many other hindus also did that they attacked afghanistan uzbek Pakistan bangladesh and indonesia so don't go that way .

[@tutopi3423]

Nahe nahe we named Muslim

[@baloch8961]

Huns and sassin are sindhi

[@UpendraYadav-wl4nm]

Very informative sir . Can u kindly explain is there any Buddhist help to Arabs to conquer sindh or its just a false accusation to divide ppl . Thank u n post videos more frequently sir . ❤

[@ansh_u_r]

The society was already divided during invasion,Brains vs Buddhists... resulted in defeat.

[@rishavkumar1250]

Ha bhai, bauddho ne arabo ka saath diya tha lekin phir baad mai unhe bhugatna para ... Aage chalke inhi bauddho ke bacche muslim ban gaye aur apne mata pita ke baudhh dharm ko tyaag diya

[@ishaanrohmetra3447]

did budhist kings of india betrayed raja dahir during md bin qasim conquest of sindh ?

[@vinaymalik3945]

Yes because raja dahir was against boodh religion