How To Wire A Single Pole Switch To A Light Fixture With An Outlet On The Same Circuit! DIY Tutorial

[@305liveandlearn]

I love your videos man. I'm a pro but I like the way you go over the entire process very thorough

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much! Means a lot bother! 🙏🏽😊

[@galobecerra1221]

Awesome video, i love the recaps and the baby steps explanations.. 👍

[@kleonfrmdeadpresidents3333]

@@FixThisHouse if you wouldve capped the red off in the switch and also in the lamp and just ran all 3 hots int the light together and did 2 hots on the switch you wouldve got same result right?? In other words you coudve used 14-2 all round (specificaly from switch to light instead of 14-3) and everything wouldve been exactly the same right??

[@user-yz8jj2gu7h]

Great instructional videos. As a former engineering professor, it is great that you review or go over your work to ensure that people understand your are doing. You need not apologize for the review because the experienced may find it unnecessary. Remember that you are not demonstrating to those experienced in electrical wiring but to those with no or limited experience who appreciates the review. Keep up the good work. We are watching your videos.

[@aidangonnelly]

no your not!

[@EstavanCruz]

This instructional video saved my a$$. I am a drywall guy not an electrician and it didn't seem too complicated to move hall light before I cut the wiring. However, it was like looking at a book written in a different language when I went to hook everything back up again. I got it back in order first try, no blown breakers and life is good again. I even learned something in the process-win win.

[@OneYulaw]

Gotta give this guy a HUGE Thumbs UP! His tutorials are some of the best KZbin has to offer. Extremely thorough in his presentation and overall process. A natural instructor, everyone doesn't have this gift. Recaps are the best! Thank you for this very informative Tutorial, please keep doing what you're doing!

[@lueyang2249]

As someone still starting off in electrical wiring, I appreciate the recaps!! Your video was helpful so keep up with how you're currently presenting the information!

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much for the feedback! 🙏🏽😊👍🏽

[@philycheese]

Yes recap helps “bring it home”. Only more not less! My house would be burning down r n if it wasn’t for your videos 😂😂🤦‍♂️

[@ozzieosmond8739]

Great video

[@scottellis4525]

This video bailed me out of a deep hole I dug for myself. You inspired me to buy a set of insulated screw drivers, a quality stripper tool, couldn't find the Volt Claw so settled for needle nosed pliers, and a set of Wago Wire connectors. I'd been living in the stone ages. I followed along carefully installing a switch, light and outlet. Stunningly this worked the first time through. Like the other commenters, I like your recaps--it really helped me to pause there and compare to what I'd done so far.

[@tomwright3390]

Excellent videos! You are a natural born teacher - they 1) Tell you what they are going to tell you in a very simple manner, then 2) Tell you in a plain spoken manner, and then 3) Tell you what they just told you - never stop with your simple explanations of recapping like this at least 3 times since it is essential for learning!

[@LeeTechReviews]

Bro, this is by far the most easiest video to understand because of how specific and detailed you are. Your channel is amazing and so are you as an instructor!

[@Joshduster69]

Currently doing a remodel of my basement myself. And electrical has always been one thing I didn’t like to mess with. After learning through KZbin videos and some of my electrician buddies it’s something I’m confident in. This video showed something I was wanting to do and your process and clean wiring got you a new subscriber. Awesome work.

[@carlgradolph9676]

This is the first video I've found that clearly explains how the neutral wire continues all the way from the beginning to the end of the circuit, while the hot (black) wire from the light fixture returns to the switch via a wire that is neither black nor white (red in this case), and the final receptacle is wired normally: Black to hot and white to neutral. Got it! Thanks for breaking it down in such detail.

[@ken-dt1zp]

Yeah when he connected that rent to the black that's when I got lost lol

[@robhayes3503]

I’m a carpentry contractor and I watch all your videos this one was so helpful. Keep them coming you are so step by step. Thanks

[@stevenperlman5811]

One of the best instructors I have watched. Everything is explained in clear terms to benefit those in the know that perhaps did not know all the “why” and those that are new to diy.

[@nikolateslawirelessradio]

I built a new bathroom in the basement. I wasn't sure how to do the wiring. I found your video which is exactly what I needed to do. Switch, light and outlet. As you presented the info, I would pause, run to the bathroom, do what you said and back to the video. At the end it all was PERFECT. I even SUB'd due to this video. Thanks for your help!

[@shanefairchild5114]

THANK YOU!!! This is probably the easiest to follow, comprehensive, dumbed down for guys like me video I have ever seen on this subject. I am a smart dude, and being a smart dude I know when I don’t quite know enough to tackle something that is new without some education… especially when it comes down to running electrical. And as for the recaps… don’t apologize! Exactly what I needed. Subscribed and notified because I know I will want more content. Thanks again!

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much for the love and support! I’m glad I could be of help! Stay tuned for more basic electrical videos! 🙏🏽😊

[@missingJJ]

One of the best electrical hookup videos I have seen. Thanks for posting this. Very much appreciated. Job done well here thanks to you.

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much for the love and support! 🙏🏽😊

[@mikejustice1196]

You don’t watch many master electricians -videos eh?

[@kenbuck6792]

Nice! Someone who knows how to step by step instruct, present clear videos and make a confusing problem easy for this DIY guy. Great job buddy!

[@nhitc6832]

I'm not even an electrician and yet I keep watching your videos. You explain things in a simple and easy way for someone like me to understand.

[@LuisGonzalez-qs4bb]

This is my first time checking your videos and it caught my attention how detail you are and how easy you make it look. I'm an HVAC/R Pro but also love electricity and I'm always doing projects around the house. Keep up the Great work you are doing with this video. You have no idea how much they help people like me. Thank you for taking the time.

[@josephlongoria7250]

Your videos are beautiful. I really appreciate the way you explain things and do the recaps. I have a little bit of experience with these kinda things, but you really help me see the big picture and anatomy of wiring. I was replacing 2 3-way switches and got confused when putting it back together. I watched your video on that and it made perfect sense and I was able to connect it right. Thank you so much for your content!

[@lifemagic5020]

Keep up the great work explaining the electoral. I know professionals in every trade and when they are teaching and training they all recap a few times. You shouldn't apologize for being an amazing teacher.

[@rb-cs8qo]

Wow...after reading all the other reviews, I can't find words to express my appreciation for the very clear and truly outstanding "how to" video. I enjoyed listening to your descriptions and recaps, and I especially appreciated the confidence you inspired in me to try this for myself. You completely removed the "boogie man" from the equation and simplified a challenging electrical job. Thank you for taking time to train those of us who want to expand our scope of DIY home repair knowledge...you did a very fine job.

[@MrSheep2796]

Thank you for this! I was installing a ceiling fan with a light. Despite taking a wiring class last year, I couldn’t remember how to get my switch to turn my fan on/off but, also get my outlets to work all the time, but not have the fan on 24/7. This helped a lot! Thanks for the refresher and you’re definitely getting a sub!

[@lovliesusie1]

I want to thank you sooo much! My husband and I studied your video like crazy and we did it! My son didn’t have a ceiling light and now he does!!! Thank you!!!!

[@johndeere1174]

Very good instruction video, straight forward and easy to understand, unlike some other videos on doing this job, where a guy talks too fast, leaves out important info, or just talks too much, so you are overloaded with information. I replaced a three way switch that used to control a fan/light combination , with a single pole switch for a new light without a fan, then found out the receptacle that was powered by the tree way switch wouldn't work anymore, after watching your video, I think that I can wire it correctly.

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much for the love and support. I really appreciate your feedback! 🙏🏽😊

[@jamesclarkii]

I just finished wiring a switch, light and outlet in my remodeled bathroom, and I referenced this video many times throughout. Thank you for the detailed explanations!

[@adrftgvvbh]

I usually hate long videos because it's more blabbing than actually showing me what to do. But I literally watched the whole video and forgot I was on the toilet. Im installing a ceiling fan on my porch with an outlet for minor things, so this was so informative thank you.

[@wes3791]

Got to give you a big thanks for breaking this down so nicely. Been having an issue with some 1950s wiring. Love the recap because it prevents me from having to rewind. Also, you made it very clear to me that I'm more of a visual hands on person. Watched several other videos before yours and they only used vitural diagrams. They were helpful in showing the flow of current but showing the application made my issue very clear. Thanks again.

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you for the feedback! I’m glad I could be of help! 🙏🏽😊

[@eggrollz12345]

This is a REALLY GOOD VIDEO. I just started an electrical pre-apprenticeship so I'm doing the in-class learning before I go out in the field and I really appreciated how you always do recaps of steps.

[@roygustafson727]

I literally watch dozens of electrical educational videos. YOU ARE THE EASIEST TEACHER I HAVE WATCHED HANDS DOWN BAR NONE 🙏🏼😇😎🌅🌈🌎☮️

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much! 🙏🏽😊😭 means a lot!

[@ILoveTacos-n3e]

Word. 👷🏽‍♂️

[@bpg1622]

Great Job Explaining. Clear and thorough. Stop apologizing to the complainers. Very glad you went through it for clarity. I needed an update on this cuz i need to do this very setup in my office.

[@horacioelflaco3375]

Thank you for yours humbleness to teach others like me . Who just finish electrician-1 class and couldn't even connect a switch to a lamp on paper. The teacher goes so fast and because he knows the math behind it and the connections he confuse me and others that never work on electrical before. And when we ask to explain it again he gets mad, because he don't want to explained again. To cut short. Thank you again for explaining the concept in a easy plain format. GOD Bless.

[@tylercunillera1885]

Are usually hate when people do “breakdowns“… But some people do them way too much on stuff that’s so obvious… You’re actually doing it every few steps because it can be complicated I know minor electrical . And your breakdowns definitely help me.

[@armandofelipe3462]

This video is like going to electrical school for free! Great video!!! I love your recaps! Now that’s the best part for us ELL 😅 I feel more confident now!! Thank you so much…pls keep them coming Blessings

[@Lovinflyindrones2022]

U don’t need to apologize for your wonderful, thorough great,clear, easy to understand teaching. I’m the same way in teaching people.

[@tyreecovington6071]

Thank you so much my friend.....I'm really Carpenter/ Everything except Electrical Guy, but your videos has helped me to wire up my investment property by myself. Thank you!!

[@toddmoore3818]

just found this video when doing research on my new diy shed. great job explaining it and the breakdowns are important too!! One advice I would give is to also include a wiring diagram on how the wires are connected together. Some of us need the visual reference as much as we do the physical. Thanks again for a great video!!

[@ndnjoeparker3255]

From someone who had no idea how to do this. I understand now. Thank you. Great video. Don't change anything.

[@pmaddox]

I'm not an electrician I'm just a handy man at times...though I like watching you explain everything and your work is just so so clean, you are an awesome young man who's teaching this old guy some good stuff...though I may only have about 10 years left in this beautiful world that we live in I like to know how to do things still without asking anyone for help...thank you Sir and Peace to You and Yours...

[@rogiemac]

We decided to rewire an old house we bought with 12g wire. Trying to show 3 sets of pigtailed 12g wires who was boss in the outlet box was an adventure. I saw you use that voltclaw gadget and ordered one. That thing does make it a lot easier to bend the wires into the box. My fingertips were thankful

[@ChrisBorghi22]

You are a teacher!! This video couldn’t be clearer and easier to understand. Subscribed. Thank you,,

[@ralphvickers2339]

I just bought the voltclaw....what a great tool. Awesome tutorial. Easy to understand and practical knowledge

[@joelimo449]

We Love the recap . Like how you explain and go over everything again so nothing is missed.

[@magnum3282]

I appreciate your methodical approach and recaps to the videos, but have two suggestions: 1) Edit down the time spent on Wago close-ups and making the ground and neutral connections 2) Explain why the switch leg from the 3-way was the red wire, and why it connected to the bottom terminal with the hots on top. You breezed over the most important aspect of wiring these fixtures.

[@recombi123]

Why add the 14/3 section? Why can’t you just use 14/2 throughout? I’m looking to add pot lights in ceiling in bathroom and want to add switch and tap off an outlet. Hope you see this. Thanks

[@ptso7580]

@@recombi123 For newer code purpose you gotta have a neutral inside the switch box for the newer smart switches. The 14/3 leaves the nuetrual free.

[@davidboggs5150]

Wa-go's or known as Firestarters. They will be outlawed soon. Thousands of fires are directly related to them.

[@nakht2536]

Yes please explain that red wire on bottom. What would differ if opposite black on bottom red on top

[@tylerhein2231]

@@nakht2536 nothing would change. It doesn’t matter what screw you put the wires on for that switch.

[@robinrummel1359]

I have been learning a lot from your videos and really appreciate your walkthrough at the end since it helps me remember the information! 👍 I'm probably not your average viewer as I'm a 69 year old lady who absolutely hates anything electric. But I'm not comfortable having anyone working in my home during the last 2 years partly for me and my age but also for my 3 year old and 1 year old granddaughters. 🤔 Most of the outlets in my 43 year old house need to be replaced and I almost have enough confidence to start working on them. But in the bathroom is an odd configuration you haven't covered yet. It's the width of a 2 gang box but with 2 switches, (1 vertical for the fan, 1 horizontal for the light), and 1 outlet for one plug (normal is 2 outlets one above the other) below the horizontal switch. 😖 Other areas I'm not sure about is how to tell what is a 15 or 20 amp breaker, and if there's an easier way to figure out what is on each circuit without going up and down to the basement for every single switch and outlet in the house!? 😲 I understand if you don't answer, there's a lot in this comment! And just venting has relieved some of my stress about it. ☺️👍

[@FixThisHouse]

Hi! Thank you so much for your amazing comment! I would gladly make a video on your situation! Would you be able to send me a picture of your receptacle and switch configuration? Please email me at : [e-mail] 👍🏽😊🙏🏽

[@jamesmore2919]

if this is what he is teaching you i feel bad for any work you do. a real electrican wouldnt run power thru a light. because most people think the light is off the power is off. plus if one day you need to trouble shot it you cant from switch to switch. because you dont know that it goes thru the light. and what always goes wrong first? the switches. and how can tell if its the switches and not in the light box?

[@joelimo449]

Thank you for explaining every single wire and its function slowly and acurately. Very educational .

[@haidisawat]

we struggled for hours with this kind of wiring, thanks to you we finally figured it out!!!! thank you thank you thank you

[@FixThisHouse]

I’m glad you were able to fix your issue! Thank you for watching and your feedback! 🙏🏽😊

[@chrisernoii8441]

I'm adding a ceiling fan/light to my living room off of an existing switch that controls a wall outlet by my TV. Your video inadvertently gave me the answer to how I plan on wiring it up. Thank you for saving me a headache!

[@josephgarcia676]

You’re an awesome teacher. I’m licensed electrician here in Texas and I’m stumped.

[@taze27]

Thanks for a extremely detailed demonstration on how to install a outlet, switch and light fixture. This will help me install a Eufy Floodlight. Thanks again!

[@DavidSmith-lp5tz]

Very nice. Keep the recaps. That’s good teaching. From a retired principal

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much! 😊🙏🏽

[@pcer9973]

Wow, this guy has the heart of a teacher. Amazing video thank you.

[@aavocadoToast]

What an excellent video. Baby steps is what DIYers need to get their concepts cleared

[@DavidAnderson-i8x]

Outstanding tutorial, great breakdown of every step. Recapping the entire process was extremely helpful. Keep up the excellent content. Thank you for making this video!

[@rchavy1603]

I'm remodeling a house of mines and wired a switch to 2 lights and 2 outlets I had no clue about electricity till I saw your video and said I can do it and I did it with out calling anyone thank you so much for this video you saved me more than a couple hundred.

[@lizzita0883]

Thank you! I love how you over explain things, lavel things for us that are not as familiar or trying to learn it. 👏 Big thanks!

[@cutley2b]

Thanks for the very informative video. I am not new to this but am a DIY’er and being a senior, I always need refresher info. I really appreciate your thoroughness in explaining everything. Keep it up.

[@jessemendez5255]

Love this man! This is the exact style of teaching I needed. God bless you and your family.

[@patmash]

Super detailed! Connecting an outlet to my light in garage for my dust collector. Saved this video for reference. New sub because of how detailed your videos are. God bless.

[@geemanfunman1267]

Dam beat video out there. Totally explained in full details with all the others telling their life stories. Straight to the point. Excellent video great info.

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much for the love and support! Awesome feedback! 🙏🏽😊

[@parsonsmark]

Great video! Don't sweat it when you are doing the review. Those of us that are trying to learn, or reinforce our knowledge need the reviews. We're in here watching these videos so it's obvious we need some reinforcement!

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much for the love and support my friend! 🙏🏽😊

[@cameronwong7608]

Hey brother... This was the clearest, easiest to follow video I've seen on this topic! Thank you so much. I'm a diy'er about to start on an electrical project and I think I finally understand what the red wire is for!!!

[@beephoon7489]

Your video is very detailed and very well explained. This is the best video I have seen .I like the way you go through the entire process.

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much for the awesome feedback! 🙏🏽😊

[@toddreddick3777]

Now this is how to teach. Great work. Can't thank you enough..

[@RobertVosburg]

I needed this. Redoing the wiring and outlets in the bedroom and I added in a smart switch but couldn't figure out how to wire everything ( smart switch, outlets and lights) off the light switch. Subbed and saved this video

[@dwightc3080]

Informative video, good job. You should also mention that your source wire at the switch should be connected at the line in , so the orientation is not upside-down.

[@karmad10]

True friends don't mind recaps. This video has been an immense help!

[@cwsosby7145]

It took me a bit to figure out why the switch from 14/2 to 14/3 and back to 14/2, but I figured it out after thinking about for a while. Great job on this video and making it possible for some of us to give it a shot.

[@caezarlapuc8627]

I am wondering about the same but I haven't figured out yet, how did you?

[@cwsosby7145]

@@caezarlapuc8627 So you can run the power strait through independent of the switch, if that makes sense?

[@GadgetMan777]

Thought the same. Honestly complicates the video. Should just be 2 wire for the sake of simplicity but I understand he was wanting to show connecting another outlet

[@miked9869]

Im a visual person. This is extremely useful and helpful for me. I have no experience and will be attempting to wire a off grid cabin for a generator.

[@The_Ring_Leader]

I ran into this problem recently and your video helped save the day. Thank you so much for your content 😊

[@pnnminh91]

Very useful video, you have cleared my concern about adding a live outlet from a light switch. You did very good job ! Keep sharing more videos. Thank you !!!

[@michaelanthony8464]

Great video! I watched it several times to make sure I got it right. Everything worked like a charm. Thanks again!!!

[@LiV.V.-xk3mw]

the best one i could clearly follow with easy visuals and simple clear explanations got it right the first time !!!

[@KevinCoop1]

Congratulations on putting up a video that is one of the best on KZbin! Not only do you do it right and explain what everything is, you also used the correct terms! So many think that device in your hand is an outlet. Very Respectfully, Kevin

[@jessecronkhite2438]

Eaton sells them as "residential duplex outlets". Better let them know they're wrong.

[@VietApex234]

You’re awesome brother. I love how specific you are and how careful you are! I enjoy all of your videos. Keep em coming brother!

[@1stSFGuile]

As a newbie, I LOVE YOUR VIDEOS AND STYLE OF EXPLAINING AND RECAPPING EVERYTHING! 😊 You have a great teaching style and I’m a dedicated subscriber to your channel from today. Thank you ! 🙏😊

[@michaellombardo6369]

Thank you. Very good instructions. I appreciate it when you go back and show us again what was done and how.

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much! 🙏🏽😊 have a great weekend!

[@billyblake4291]

Thank you so much for your videos. They are clear, concise, and easy to understand. You have saved me so much time and money. I really appreciate it!

[@jutedogg6503]

As a fellow shocker we never back stab either. Always wrap the recept, and twist n wire but the junctions. I do need some of those labels and that yellow stick. Makes it easier!! Very Cool Vid you explained it awesomely!! 👍

[@joserodriguez4319]

I love the break down,, for those of us who aren’t handy. this video is very informative.I am glad that I came across it! Great explanation of the entire process. Thank you so much, I will subscribe to your channel.

[@4MarkyMark4]

Only video you need for wiring a light with a switch! Great video!

[@francisquan5512]

This is exactly what I needed. Thank you for the clear and concise instructions. Well done!

[@Eye-it-azz]

Wow, I’ve watched over 100 electrical wiring videos and couldn’t learn a thing, 4 seconds into this video i could wire a room. The thumbnail alone thought me how to wire a room, amazing

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much for the love and support my friend! 🙏🏽😊

[@russell3461]

Lol, 4 seconds...I don't think so

[@Big_ol_bass]

MAGA!

[@chrisgallagher85]

Dude - I'm here for the re-caps!!!! Bravo!

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much! 🙏🏽😊

[@Romantico1962]

Amazing job and wonderful how you explain everything steps by steps with every detail. I really appreciate your time to show me and understand everything. I was looking for answer to my room which the switch turn on everything at the same time. Thanks a million.

[@ziggyperez2372]

Love your videos I would love to have two light fixtures instead of one and again thanks for making your videos, nice and clear and explaining yourself professional and a beautiful phenomenal channel

[@MichaelWhetstone-ow7fy]

Best instructor ever for wiring electrical outlets

[@hectorvargas6684]

Thank you taking the time put up this video it was very helpful, the way you explain things is great, I'm a new subscriber👍

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much for the love and support my friend. Means a lot! 🙏🏽😊

[@jimalessandra5908]

Truly outstanding video! I saved it to favorites to facilitate future work, thank you!

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much Jim! Means a lot! 🙏🏽😊

[@noone-od3og]

You do a great job explaining. You could definitely be a Votech teacher. Hats off, my man !!!!

[@johntrejo9070]

You did a great demostration, super easy to level up someone with low skills to safe install skill learner . Thanks so much

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much for the feedback! 🙏🏽😊

[@victorflores8994]

Truly enjoyed the video liked the step by step and recap it helps in understanding the process. Keep doing them for the Do it Yourself crowd. I gave the thumbs up and subscribed. Thanks

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much for the love and support! Many thank you’s for the feedback 🙏🏽😊!

[@sammyrami6529]

i think this is one of the best videos i’ve seen for beginners like my self 😂 thx bro now I think I should be able to make my ceiling lights work

[@duke1281]

I subscribed purely based on the fact that you use Wago connectors. I saw them in the thumbnail and ran.. I knew right away that you know what you're doing. And also, in my book, anyone using Wago connectors gets a sub and a like.. Now, its time to watch some videos!

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much! WAGO is the way to GO! Have a great weekend my friend and thank you for the support! 🙏🏽😊👍🏽🙌🏽

[@duke1281]

@@FixThisHouse wow! Thank you for the reply! I have been a DIY'er for a number of years now, and am proficient in a handful of trades.. on top of that, I love electrical work. WAGO connectors are all i ever use...So when I saw those WAGOs in the thumbnail, I knew I would like you. Lol! Again, thank you for the reply! I don't typically get responses from any actual KZbinrs.. Hmnm... how about a shout out in your next video?? Lol. Maybe even consider doing a video explaining the difference between all of the pros and cons of wire nuts and various other wire connectors...then further explaining why your go-to is WAGO. You might even try for sponsorship through them... who knows! 😁😎 Have fun out there and be safe my friend.

[@kevindrop8188]

Love the recaps I just started doing electrical so am really new so I subbed. Can’t wait so we more of your videos

[@FixThisHouse]

Thank you so much! Glad I could be of help! 🙏🏽😊

[@robertwilliams6288]

Thank you for keeping it simple and showing how to do it step by step really helps a diy like myself. 👍

[@FixThisHouse]

Glad to be of help! Thank you for your feedback! 🙏🏽😊

[@markfrye9178]

I thought this could be done, but I've had pros and others tell me it could not. Thank you for showing me.

[@chrismoss7163]

Thanks for the video. Easy to understand. The breakdowns are great. I don't need every one, but the ones I do need are worth the wait for others!

[@rickkoenig3068]

This is a great tutorial. Very easy for an amateur to follow. Learned a lot! Thank

[@hugofranco3651]

Keep up the good work. I don't mind you repeating everything. Very informative 👏

[@Dukemeistro]

Sir! You are the best electrician instructor I've come across. Question: why doesn't the light switch get a neutral line attached to it?

[@Dukemeistro]

I know! The switch is simply a gateway.