Fluoroquinolones: Mechanisms of Action and Resistance

[@kimberlymoskin9853]

What is left out of this informative presentation is that topoisomerase inhibitors also work on the cells of mammals, including us, not just the cells in bacteria, creating all sorts of bad effects up to and including death. Topoisomerase inhibitors are commonly used as chemotherapy for cancer patients and "late effects" (for both chemotherapy and fluoroquinolone antibiotics) may show up years or even decades later. There is a high rate of failure to connect the new problems to the guilty medications (i.e. Cipro, Levaquin, Avalox, Tequin, etc.), but the FDA now admits that permanent and progressive peripheral neuropathy is one such effect from taking fluoroquinolone antibiotics and includes a black box warning that fluoroquinolone antibiotics are not to be taken except as a last ditch effort to save a life. It should also be noted that Gulf War disease is a reaction to everyone taking Cipro.

[@maytons]

I was prescribed Cipro in 2014 for an infected tooth. Within a month I had sever pain in my rotator cuff and had a series of steroid injections (which unfortunately accelerates the effect of Fluoroquinolone induced tendon rupture). I had surgery in 2015 and my surgeon said the tendon was paper thin with no apparent cause. After nearly a year of painful physical therapy I saw an article on damaging effects of Cipro and all the pieces fell together. My surgeon later confirmed that there is a good chance Cipro was the catalyst. Sadly my other shoulder needs surgery but I can't bring myself to do it. I've played violin since 1974 and external rotation is critical on my fingering hand.

[@MechanismsInMedicine]

It's really inspiring to receive your positive feedback and thank you for the subscription! We look forward to see you on our channel again.

[@AndyThomasStaff]

It's interesting this is taught in med school but fluoroquinolones attacking human eukaryotes and mitochondrial DNA isn't taught. Why do you think FQs don't attack human cells too, both of which have forms of topoisomerase? Hint: they do

[@seeking.harmony]

My understanding is that the DNA of mitochondria more closely resembles the DNA of bacteria and not the cell DNA.

[@tinimo11]

i'm a medical student, and i just wanted to say - these are great!

[@MechanismsInMedicine]

@moadpt thank you. Your opinion as a physician is particularly valuable.

[@muaythai193]

Only problem is that it does it to your own healthy body cells and mitochondria as well causing extreme side effects in some people like spontaneous tendon ruptures and even suicidal thoughts. Should be last resort...

[@DanielleFreeman-im1yj]

This was very useful in studying for my microbiology exam. Thank you!

[@babu5190]

Finally it will distroy your ear eyes and center nerves system

[@magusfire31]

Very nice video. Really helped me understand how Fluoroquinolones work. I am a second year pharmacy student and was referred to this video by my Pharmacotherapy professor during our Infectious Disease module.

[@Eschewobsfucation4]

AMAZINGGG!!!! more like these would make life so much easier!!!

[@kareenagopaul8061]

I suppose you've never been on fluroquinolenes... Please watch reviews of patients taking fluroquinolenes... Some have never been able to walk again... And if ever someday you're prescribed any kind of fluroquinolene, reconsider all of your choices before taking... I call them poison pills

[@duaali2447]

i'm an instructor of pharmacology your videos very useful for me and my students thank you.

[@priyanthameemeduma2326]

Studying drugs is not difficult - if you are interested in them.

[@MechanismsInMedicine]

@laex114 Most of the narrative text is provided in the "Animation Description" section (click on "Show more" link under the video to expand)

[@abdul-jaleelavillah5149]

this is the best youtube channel ...makes things super easy

[@javierxrtd]

thank you, I was confused on how topoisomerase II works

[@mayemcdonald4392]

Does this antibiotic cause peripheral neuropathy? People are saying it does and this scares me. I have taken this antibiotic two times in my life and I have a neuropathy!? Help!

[@muaythai193]

Maye McDonald Yes it does.

[@0rdon]

Maye McDonald No, only polymyxines-like antibiotics are toxic for the nerves. But those are rarely used on patiënts (only as a last resort)

[@muaythai193]

Ordon Yes they do cause peripheral neuropathy (and a ton of other crippling side effects including fluoroquinolone induced tendinopathy, depression, suicidal thoughts, muscle atrophy, etc etc...very nasty stuff). Educate yourself before trying to educate others. Fluoroquinolones cause peripheral neuropathy: www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm365050.htm

[@DraganCheGagi]

Lucky me, I already have polineuropathy cuz of diabetes :-)

[@vettegaddia6234]

muaythai193 The doctor and the pharmacy said that doxycycline might work. But E coli is a very tricky bug. NO, I will not take another Zpak because it destroyed my left hip even 6 months after I stopped it. I also gave me constant heart palpatations and I vomit about 30 times a day. But an E coli infection in the tongue can be deadly and cause bacteremia. And I also have two artificial hips that can be infected from bacteria. Since they are titanium hips, any bacteria that reaches them will be eradicated ONLY with IV vancomycin for 6 weeks. And if it doesn't work, they will do a girdlestone. So I am extremely upset, worried and depressed right now. Just how much more miserable can I get? I already can't walk, I vomit all days and every minute I will get 3 or more missed heart beats! I throw up even looking at food.

[@elmerii619]

thank you!! it makes understanding pharmacology such a breeze

[@RabiulHaque]

Thank you very much ! Very informative video with crystal clear explanation and animation . Keep up the great work . Any video on plasmid mediated efflux pump of fluroquinolone resistance ? take care and stay blessed :)

[@bloomprinceton]

an on point explanation LITERALLLY AMAZING JOB

[@arrowdurfee6603]

and this is why these are the most dangerous antibiotics in the world. so many suffer from using these drugs

[@mostafamesilhy5107]

So clear voice, thank you

[@Ahmed1Abdelaziz]

It is very useful and comprehensive. It explains a lot for selectivity and specificity of action for different floroqunolones may be need a little bed on efflux as a mechanism of resistance .

[@MechanismsInMedicine]

Mechanisms in Medicine Inc., developed these animations for an educational CD-ROM "Understanding Bacterial Resistance in the Community Setting: Clinical Challenges to Antimicrobial Therapy".

[@Alredublo]

This is a smartly produced video that explains how this class of drugs work, thank you for posting.

[@hajerhaider6655]

Best explanation ever

[@evanstafford55]

Loved this video, thank you!

[@ivanchacha7557]

Conciso, preciso e interactivo, muy buen vídeo.

[@MRFLOPPYmr]

@MechanismsMedicine thanks a lot! very well understandable videos greets from germany :)

[@Andrew07025]

Anyone know how the the fluorine in the fluoroquinolones specifically reacts with the type II topoisomerases to effectively stabilize them, stop transcription/translation, and produce the desired antibacterial effect?

[@elisabethcave874]

Andrew028 I would like to know this too. I have read that Dr Mark Noble compared Fluoroquinolones to fluorouracil, the chemotherapy drug, which is reported to metabolise to the highly toxic metabolite fluorocitrate, inhibiting the citric acid cycle.

[@sushilpal3348]

Amazing explanation with animational vidio , it clearified all my difficulties regarding this.. Thank you so much, Sir..!!

[@justcallmegod2]

Wonderfully clarifying animations and explication, thank you :)

[@vaibushi]

these videos are really helpful.........keep upoading such videos...thanx

[@Interactivemedicine]

where did you download these videos from? is it an interactive program? you would help me a lot by telling me :S

[@MuskanKumari-pu2pg]

Waoo... It so good... Made many of mine concept clear.. Thanks a lot 😉😉

[@mehrshadpiano]

Best video ever . it was complete .

[@vetaya4783]

Great work , thanks alot

[@ravi_teja13]

This video is really accurate and in point and very clear

[@Abrar_Pashtoon]

Brilliantly explained

[@adelaineshantel9571]

Very quick, simple and easy to understand. Thank you.

[@codymiller510]

"for me, the greater picture of the bacteria not being able to survive amongst the new environment you're creating is still more understandable"

[@1koti]

thanku so much ... thanks for sharing ... awsome video

[@SelsaBil-qe4xd]

merci 😊 j'ai une question : Lorsqu'une mutation se produit, le rôle de l'enzyme reste le même malgré le changement de structure ؟؟!!!!

[@kiransondhi]

Very clear and interesting presentation

[@bonniesaha]

Awesome animation and a very good demonstration.

[@drsabeenakizhedath1761]

good lecture.could have been more beneficial if function of subunit A and B of DNA Gyrase like nicing and resealing and introduction of negative supercoils also eplained

[@clemencetshinga-mabudi4311]

Wonderful work. I like the subject.

[@MrIshaq89]

FANTASTIC VIDEO

[@laex114]

@MechanismsMedicine oooh...thanks... haven't noticed

[@barbaraparker8873]

Humans have DNA gyrases (topoisomerase II) and other topoisomerases. Fluoroquinolones have 1000x affinity for bacterial forms of DNA gyrase than they do for human forms, so you should not be concerned with this class of drugs affecting your DNA if you are using it to treat such organisms. -Doctor of Pharmacy Student

[@vettegaddia6234]

+Barbara Parker Madam, read my side effects above. I stopped taking this med over 5 weeks ago, and I am still getting all of them with new ones almost everyday. The doctor, who was skeptical at first, now believes me. He said I am the sickest healthy patient he has. He was shocked when I could not step up to the exam bed without help. My legs would not allow me to. And I am so out of balance that I have to use either a walker or a cane or i may fall. I almost fell several times in my own apartment already. The neuropathy is getting better, but there are days when I can not feel my toes. And then there are mornings when I feel like a thousand hot needles are trying to pierce my arms.

[@elitwinks5822]

You SHOULD BE VERY CONCERNED. These are devastating and destructive and disabling.

[@zainababdulkareem7746]

perfect thanks a lot ♥

[@graciouslygrace4782]

amazing video...thanks a lot!

[@alkodjdjd]

thanks great stuff

[@yomnaelawady]

Thanks a lot for this explanation 💗

[@alfonsodiazcastillo]

Thank you very much!

[@mdasamim6921]

thanks for the video. ☺️

[@pratipprateek.]

very good presentation.

[@zahraammadani]

Excellent thank you

[@Spudgun88]

Great video, thank you.

[@bablusahni5810]

Nice video keep this continues

[@ibraheemabbass8783]

very good lecture

[@s87179]

thanks

[@shakeelhanif1238]

What is the reasons of mutation sir ??

[@neetushrikabi8951]

Topoisomerase IV is in bacterias and topoisomerase II is in mammals..

[@Susan-dh6dd]

research colostrum 6 by immune tree..levaquin ruined my life 3 yrs ago..this is healing me !!!!

[@ProbashiVai]

i love this video

[@user-ig7kn1mp9u]

Wonderful

[@rajpootjee7835]

So helpfull video

[@marielmingu]

Thank you

[@noorraad2067]

excellent vedio

[@MsBubblyshe]

thank you :)

[@laex114]

Can anyone write what the guy says?... please.. i'm learning english and can't understand what he says... he speaks too fast for me... PLEASE

[@enderasu]

Very clear

[@ahdorbfidks]

i love it when the cell explodes lol

[@deepdoshi1977]

tyvm

[@Gut_Restoration_Network]

Flouroquinolone toxicity ruined my life 😢

[@hometutor6624]

Learn daily a drug with me @ drug of the day

[@Spudgun88]

@Floxiemoxie1 Yeah, if you're a bacterium...

[@the_charankamal]

thankuh sir

[@alisharijal7563]

Thankyou

[@jokrwx3]

I remamber my teacher showing us this 🌚

[@tseringchoezom5302]

Thank you here me searching for it

[@nehajunwal2667]

👍

[@hawrahayder1084]

thank you