Gets me excited!! IM SO OVER WINTER! & the cold 🥶 & the grey skies & the snow!!! ❄️ IM OVER IT!!!! Good morning everyone!
@Gin0827 Жыл бұрын
I am too. If they would stop seeding the clouds we would not have this crazy weather.
@dustyflats3832 Жыл бұрын
I don’t handle March well AT ALL!
@bluebirdhomestead Жыл бұрын
9:47 Plants are just so beautiful! I love that you can have your parent's nursery to privately shop at! 😄🌻-Cara
@mkb2228 Жыл бұрын
Laura I recently retired and you have given me the inspiration to start gardening in my retirement years. Did gardening with my dad back when I was younger and I treasure those memories. Also did food preservation from that garden with mom. Gives me much a sense of satisfaction. Thank you!
@vickijensen404 Жыл бұрын
I did this also! I never gardened until I retired - three years ago. I started in Michigan and then had to leave everything, year two, and moved to Colorado. So I am starting over. But, Laura is my partner!!!
@GardenHappy Жыл бұрын
That is such a nice story to share Martha!!! Welcome to the wonderful world if gardening! So happy you can enjoy your retirement in the garden! Yay!!! Liz
@be_you2023 Жыл бұрын
Welcome! I hope your gardening journey continues to be one of lovely memories. May your garden bring you abundance of joy, harvest and beauty to behold.
@cinziadeluca5074 Жыл бұрын
Wow, your parents can leave product outside the store when the Garden Centre is closed and no one will take it 😲😲😲, that's wonderful 😀.
@paulw317 Жыл бұрын
Wow what kind of a world is that where you don't have to worry about thiefs 🥰
@Debbie3360 Жыл бұрын
I think most garden centers don’t bring in soil or fertilizer etc at night. They put the pellets out & leave them. Thieves aren’t interested & gardener’s would probably leave cash or go back & pay.
@cinziadeluca5074 Жыл бұрын
@@Debbie3360 I wish that I lived in a place where this is still the norm. Unfortunately where I live, even if it wasn't stolen, it would most likely be vandalised.
@Debbie3360 Жыл бұрын
@@e.s.4136 I wasn’t thinking flowers the garden centers don’t have them out but in a spot in back where you have to walk through store. I was thinking topsoil fertilizer the big bags
@pgc6591 Жыл бұрын
This is common practice here in Mid-Missouri.
@kgardennerd Жыл бұрын
FUNGUS GNAT P.S.A. - mix 3 parts water to 1 part hydrogen peroxide and throughly water plants/soil. It kills the eggs and larvae in the soil and also acts as an oxygenator/fertilizer for the plants. Typically only have to do 2, maybe three, waterings and the gnats are gone. It’s also great to do as a preventative for new plants (especially houseplants) and soil.
@1erickjon Жыл бұрын
Your coldframes on the side of the Hartley would be a perfect place to raise your lettuce. Prop the windows open so it stays cool, but kept from freezing...they'd LOVE it!
@pattiannv3232 Жыл бұрын
Fresca, geraniums and flip flops: three of my favorite things! Thanks for inserting the pictures of the flowers when you talk about them !! Love this channel ❤️
@dustyflats3832 Жыл бұрын
And the Fresco has now just flew off the shelves just like the coral geranium seeds😂
@conniesanrn2730 Жыл бұрын
I dislike Fresca so much. It tastes awful to me 😂
@lisafenno4563 Жыл бұрын
I would love to have a running tab at a garden center. That would be too cool
@nanamarler8282 Жыл бұрын
I’d be broke 🤣😂🤣😂🤣 and owe more than my paycheck
@lizsurbanroost3624 Жыл бұрын
that would be scary, it would get out of hand so fast LOL
@maryrekar2150 Жыл бұрын
Hi Laura. Are you still pinching yourself every time you are in the Hartley🎉? It is such a beautiful space and I am enjoying watch ing you design it as your space. Love your down to earth and Realspeak videos❤Thank you for all the time heart and effort you put into them.
@DebzZi Жыл бұрын
I'd be eating bread to pay it off 😆
@WitchyBs Жыл бұрын
NOOOO! I would be getting a 2nd job to pay them off...LOLoLOl!!!
@christinan9989 Жыл бұрын
Is there a chance we can get an evening tour? I noticed you have some patio lights in the greenhouse and I think it probably looks so whimsical. I would also love to see what the flower shed and Hartley look like in the evening with lights on.
@cyoteg5025 Жыл бұрын
20 degrees, rainy and Laura is wearing slides and no socks! Pushing it a bit LOL! Would so love to start geraniums from seed.
@dustyflats3832 Жыл бұрын
I did for first time and they are really quite easy. I just wish I would have placed my order sooner as her video caused a sell out on the coral geraniums I had in my basket. Oh well.
@jamiepeterson4466 Жыл бұрын
I ordered geranium seeds both last year and this year from Etsy dealers and had great luck with them.
@nikkikirk1985 Жыл бұрын
Yay the busy music is back, that means planting days are approaching ☺️
@terrymenz5838 Жыл бұрын
Talk to a local landscaper and ask them for the pots and flats after they plant a big job. That is how I get a huge number of supplies for free!
@vickibroussard1895 Жыл бұрын
I bought those tongs from Gardeners Supply and they are a game changer when repotting seedlings. Thank you Laura for showing those to us in a previous video.
@LadyCourtney13 Жыл бұрын
I bought them this year, looking forward to using them.
@anitacox651 Жыл бұрын
Does anyone know if Gardener’s Supply ships to Canada? Is there a Canadian equivalent?
@heatherd212 Жыл бұрын
@@anitacox651 I checked their website and it says they don’t ship outside of the US. Lee Valley is Canadian 🇨🇦
@Ibis333 Жыл бұрын
@@anitacox651 Veseys (in PEI) carries some Gardener's Supply products including these tongs, the GrowEase kits, and Sunlite Garden grow lights.
@debraelliott3485 Жыл бұрын
Yes, those fungus gnats are a menace. But, this winter has been wonderful, very few gnats, maybe one a week. I resently found out why that is. My house plants have a winter unheated room in the house. Then, we add a new pretty dog crate to the livingroom. I was able to moved some of the houseplants to sit atop the crate. Gorgeous. One day as I was watering those plants something moved... A lovely little frog. Who I assume came in the house with the plants in October. I named it Jewel. My husband named it Waldo because we have to hunt for it every day. ( where Is Waldo? ) He is happy, I'm happy and so are my plants.
@connieepson6617 Жыл бұрын
The geraniums look incredible!
@joannechapman8455 Жыл бұрын
Veggies with the google eyes…so darn cute! 🥰 your and your sister and mother are so creative…a wonderfully creative team.
@chrissihr1031 Жыл бұрын
Thank you for sharing the struggles as well as the successes, Laura! I learn something new every time you have trouble with a new tray of seedlings. Your channel has always been an excellent classroom for me as a relatively new gardener. ♥️
@laraemitchell9064 Жыл бұрын
I love that Laura shares the few problems that happen as well as the many successes!
@annmeersman Жыл бұрын
Sandals and a coat - you’re a woman after my own heart! Great message to consider how many seeds you start early to potting up and space. Wish I had thought of that before I planted my seeds - yikes! I learn so much from you. Love your channel!
@WhittAcres Жыл бұрын
You're so prepared this year, aspiring to be like you one day!
@kilochase5560 Жыл бұрын
Love your channels!
@tammyadams1262 Жыл бұрын
Love the winter coat with the flip flops 🩴
@roseann7982 Жыл бұрын
Good morning
@gretap3917 Жыл бұрын
That 3 tier plant stand behind you is lovely. ❤
@risalangdon9883 Жыл бұрын
Laura. On the long flats that have the ones on the ends reaching inward. Turn your flats around so the light starts pulling them back the other direction. Should help the situation.
@colegillespie4325 Жыл бұрын
Hey Laura! I know this might not be the fanciest solution. But when I’m replanting my seedlings at this stage I usually just use a solo cup with a hole in the bottom. Just an idea when you need that size pot in a pinch. Love your video!
@Winnie-Kay Жыл бұрын
That is a great idea. Thanks.
@vickieyoung7122 Жыл бұрын
Yes...they work great
@GardenKath Жыл бұрын
Yep, they’re great. I’ve even started using them to start my sweet peas in. They need the extra root room, and I don’t have to worry about up-potting them, which they hate.
@n.w.414 Жыл бұрын
You can use any size cups. I also like the smaller paper Dixie cups.
@Twistnsine Жыл бұрын
Ooh I'll take that, thank you 👏🙏😍
@peggyhelblingsgardenwhatyo7920 Жыл бұрын
Good morning, Laura, from Windermere Florida zone 9b USA 🇺🇸 ❤️ 🇺🇸 Oh my goodness, I'm loving all of your Seedlings, especially the Dusty Miller and your Hibiscus 🌺 Your cut Garden is going to be gorgeous. Happy Gardening Everyone 👩🌾 👍 💓 ♥️Peggy♥️
@Sharon-Me Жыл бұрын
A couple of weeks ago I came across two boxes of tulips in my garage that I didn't have time to plant last fall and after watching you I was inspired to plant them up in indoor planters that is, and now they are all coming up, yeah😁
@vickieyoung7122 Жыл бұрын
Everything looks so vibrant and beautiful...I want a greenhouse like that..I could just live in it !
@kathy8832 Жыл бұрын
Good morning!! Laura’s wearing sandals already!! Lol! That lettuce looks so good and the geraniums too. Looking forward to planting this season.
@ayelaii Жыл бұрын
Laura, this is my first year growing flowers from seed and I also struggled with a huge fungus gnat infestation. I saw someone recommend nematodes (they arrive as a "tea bag" that you put in a watering can). You just have to treat them twice (about 1-2 weeks apart), and it really worked for me! I've only treated once so far, but I've seen a dramatic reduction in gnats (like only one or two have been flying around). I feel pretty confident the second treatment will be the last of it!
@Twistnsine Жыл бұрын
I am so inspired by you Laura, thank you so much for the way you share your knowledge and to Ken/Aaron, for the amazing video formats 🙏😍👏
@adamolsen6411 Жыл бұрын
The curtain under the sink looks great! I think the gray fabric was the best choice.
@debihediger4760 Жыл бұрын
I’ve been told that when you buy soil, there’s probably fungus gnats eggs in it that either you pour boiling water over it and mix it in before you use it what I did and I put it in the deep freeze for like three days and so far this year I don’t have any fungus gnats. I hope that’s what fix the situation because I know I have bought soil in different places and brought it home and even in some of my cactus soil had them.
@Pervydachny Жыл бұрын
Hello Laura! The seedling looks amazing! I really love geraniums. I wish you continued success👍🌿😘💛💙
@sherry2836 Жыл бұрын
I'm so glad you showed your lisianthus. I sowed seeds on 2/7, under lights and I need a magnifying glass to see that they have germinated and some even have a second set of leaves! I doubt they will be big enough to plant out when the weather says it's time. Thanks for giving me hope for them! But then the ranunculus grow so fast! Your lettuces look so vibrant and gorgeous. And I am fascinated to see that you grow geraniums from seed; how exciting for you to watch all this growth around you.
@heatherd212 Жыл бұрын
🇨🇦 Growing geraniums from seed is really easy and super fast. Not to mention very satisfying 😉
@jenniferschnieder6316 Жыл бұрын
It's raining beautifully here in Peoria Arizona. Another perfect day to watch Garden Answer. Thank you Laura & Aaron & family & kitties and your extended families for all the fun. Have an awesome day!
@robinjohnston8180 Жыл бұрын
I usually grow outside in the yard! I start my tomatoes inside and my green peppers are in a mesh bag in pots out on my lettuce table. So glad you have had such great success with your flowers and other plants!
@lauraduchek5080 Жыл бұрын
We have such a short season here I always pot up so I can enjoy the flowers longer. I plant between 2 and 3 thousand each year. Plus I always buy new varieties...it's an addiction. I just love to pops of color from annuals in my perennial beds.
@dustyflats3832 Жыл бұрын
I feel like I have that many. Trying many new to me perennials in winter sow and the fragile ones inside. Still have to do the annuals yet. It will be a busy spring.
@carolstuff Жыл бұрын
Love the lettuce. They’d make great temporary houseplants😀
@terresiagregg9326 Жыл бұрын
Good morning Laura so love your videos they are so calming and informative the flowers look. Awesome
@christinawyckoff2164 Жыл бұрын
Try small glass jar or little container with a smaller opening at the top put vinegar in it natural go in it and drowned set it around your plants dump it every week and renew it with fresh vinegar
@GrowCookPreserveWithKellyDawn Жыл бұрын
I love this time of year--seed starting and transplanting! Just FYI, many penstemon seeds require cold, moist stratification before they will germinate.
@dustyflats3832 Жыл бұрын
Good to know as I have them in winter sow containers. Hope all the perennials do well as I’m looking forward to some new varieties I’ve never tried.
@judyklein3221 Жыл бұрын
Wow, Laura, you have been really successful with your starts. Your flower garden is going to be magnificent! I absolutely love the raised bed lettuce. So pretty.
@sarahbelmonte8888 Жыл бұрын
Hi Laura, I just love watching your videos they have been such an inspiration for me as I have chronic health issues - I also live in Queensland, Australia zone 10 or 11 (sun-tropical) but even though different climates, I learn sooo much, but just enjoy the channel even more. I wanted to mention about fungus gnats… I have loads of houseplants and was loosing the battle when I learned about ‘Pure’ Cinnamon sprinkled over the top of soil. I learned it from watching Indian KZbin videos and ever since I very rarely see even 1. Must be the Pure cinnamon, you can get it at health food stores, not the kitchen stuff. Hope it helps.
@laraemitchell9064 Жыл бұрын
I need to find pure cinnamon for my own culinary and health needs. We have a specialty spice store in OKC. I’m gonna go check there.
@ritasicari7518 Жыл бұрын
Is 'Pure' a brand name or type of cinnamon?
@sarahbelmonte8888 Жыл бұрын
@@ritasicari7518 no it means it’s pure cinnamon.
@camicri4263 Жыл бұрын
Good morning Garden Answer! Have a blessed week everyone!🤗❤️
@susanturner9023 Жыл бұрын
Lol, Laura’s repotting to the music 😂 if that was intentionally timed to speed up to match it was very well done! And the Garden-center window looks amazing! Love the google 👀 veggies! 🍓🥦🥕✌🏻🙏🏼❤️
@OUKynzee09 Жыл бұрын
24:59 Laura has you thought about trying a carnivorous plant like a Drosera, Pinguicula or Drosophyllum that will trap the fungus gnats? If not, it would be very interesting to see you try it out. 😉
@sandy-rr1by Жыл бұрын
I appreciate that you show some fails now and then. Most of my flowers by seed, are fails. Love watching your processes!
@ginnysulya9805 Жыл бұрын
My Lisianthus looks about the same as yours I was happy that they are actually as big as they are! I scraped my algae off just this week and also trying not to overwater! I am running out of space but so happy to have so many plants doing well! Once the temperatures stay above freezing I can move the less tender plants to my sun porch! ☘️☘️🌿🌿😁
@zormier2002 Жыл бұрын
Wow! Those veggies look great. I love how all you ladies work together to accomplish your successes.
@kimklicker1886 Жыл бұрын
Spring is just around the corner.....down jacket and sandals!!!!❤❤❤
@wandakelly2173 Жыл бұрын
Thanks so much for the seed planting video about the geraniums! You inspired me and I purchased the Maverick orange. Like you, I just up-potted mine. I’ve always grown geraniums but never from seed. How fun! Had I known how well they would germinate and grow, I would have planted the whole pack! Next year! Thank you!
@mrspaulsen1717 Жыл бұрын
Me too! Thanks for the update!
@jenniferbuck9676 Жыл бұрын
Ok this is just a silly comment, but I love the music that is attached in your videos. I wish some were used several times. The music for this video made the think of all the John Hughes or just 80's/90's movies. Keep up the good work your wonderful!!
@debsleeth2558 Жыл бұрын
Have faith! My Lisianthus look just like yours, itty bitty with fungus gnats and all. I made the mistake of transplanting them last year thinking they might need more room and lost most of them so this year I’m leaving them alone. Your videos have encouraged me to try new varieties of plants and I’ve set up my indoor light system to grow my own. How very gratifying to see how these tiny seeds grow into something so beautiful! Thank you!
@dustyflats3832 Жыл бұрын
My non stop begonias are in suspended animation also. Sooo Slow.
@GardenHappy Жыл бұрын
I love how prepared you are! Your videos are always so i spiring!!! 🧡❤️💜💙💚 Liz from California
@kerriealaska___8382 Жыл бұрын
FRESCA!! ❤ I just *knew* we were soul sistuhs!! 😂
@virafloria2556 Жыл бұрын
Hey GA family! Gorgeous seedlings! And those ranunculus roots! My goodness! Did I miss hollyhock seedlings? I just started mine a week ago and was wondering how yours were doing Hope everyone is having a wonderful day 🌞
@dustyflats3832 Жыл бұрын
Oh, it was ranunculus that were so root bound. Wow, they must grow fast.
@jamiepeterson4466 Жыл бұрын
I've been growing Hollyhocks for years and I've found that in the late summer when the seeds have dried I sprinkle the seeds in the area I want more of them to grow. They always remind me of my Grandma's farm.
@marybanks3863 Жыл бұрын
Glad to see you wearing your sandals
@patstone5674 Жыл бұрын
So happy to see where your lisianthus are at this stage. I give myself a seed starting challenge every year and this year, it's lizzies. They came up after about two+ weeks and haven't budged since. Tiny things that I would have scrapped, but hanging in there due to your advice that they take off when they get outside. Fingers crossed. (I know first hand now why everyone says to buy plugs)
@Tracymw99 Жыл бұрын
Mine haven’t grown in months
@LifebytheBowRiver Жыл бұрын
oooooooh, you're wearing sandals !! I am so jealous! (looks out at deep snow 🏔❄🏂)
@gardeningonthewestforkwith8994 Жыл бұрын
What a spring and summer show your gardens will be more beautiful! You are great to have as a resource 🌞
@blueberrypieology3088 Жыл бұрын
Learned so much from you today again. Especially helpful how you showed the different stages your seedlings were in and you explained wether or not you would keep the dome off or how long you’d still keep those on.
@specialladyleemedlin142 Жыл бұрын
Morning Sweet Laura.Your starts look so great , one more week to Spring. My seedlings our looking ready to go our side. Have a great day, Wanda In Ok.
@jeanmariedenning62 Жыл бұрын
I love the elbow approach to the levered door knob access . I switched my exit doors to my patios to levers . Whether carrying food or plantings, so handy!!❤️❤️❤️
@folee_edge Жыл бұрын
I love those tongs - definitely worth the price 👍👍
@judyingram-kh1vm Жыл бұрын
Love to watch your seeds grow. This is so calming and amazing, little miss green hands, not just green thumb
@brookdawson8332 Жыл бұрын
When I start feel a bit discouraged with my seedlings. All I have to do is watch you Laura! Motivation filler for sure!
@matthewwaystout2535 Жыл бұрын
I followed your advice using sand on top of all my plants and fungus gnats are gone!
@c.mcafeeart1247 Жыл бұрын
KEN, perfect transition @15:12!
@katmacie2369 Жыл бұрын
Watching this while my generator is plugged in. Here we sit in the dark in VT under 3ft of snow and day 2 of power outage. LOL Looking like we have a few more days of no power and all I want to do is plant! I told my husband he was going to have to plow my garden so it will thaw fast enough for spring time.
@michelleowen5652 Жыл бұрын
Oh my your well on your way to your plants starting to grow. Feels like spring at your place.
@ronareid7956 Жыл бұрын
Good Morning Garden Answer Fans and Lovers. It's a delight to visit in the Hartley and the greenhouse and see all the beautiful plants and flowers and to watch Laura planting. Seedling tours are super helpful too! Thanks for Everything Laura! Could the Ranuculous be potted up for the cold frames attached to the Hartley? Looks as if the second lot of Hyacinths, that were there, have been moved inside now. Would love to see the largest arrangement of Hyacinths in bloom! Peace and Love. Spring is Near.
@conniesanrn2730 Жыл бұрын
I bought some gnatrol after you mentioned it on a previous video. It has been a lifesaver. I bought it from the Gardners workshop. 4 oz container which will last a long time, costs $40 with shipping.
@robinjohnston8180 Жыл бұрын
My Snap dragons came up in my flower garden! We have had so much rain I was surprised!
@sharonbarfield4284 Жыл бұрын
Those Artichokes! I'm so excited for you. I bought seeds last year and when I received the package, it was crammed with seeds (80) and had a note that germination rate was very low. Sadly, none sprouted. Maybe next year.
@janehynes8319 Жыл бұрын
Exciting times! New life warms my heart ❤️
@meganblasco2 Жыл бұрын
Fresca is the best!! Love it mixed with fresh squeezed orange 🍊 juice!
@meganblasco2 Жыл бұрын
P.S. you are such a hard worker🎉
@cgilly1858 Жыл бұрын
And a little vodka splash when you are able!😂
@wynorawishum5860 Жыл бұрын
Love these videos. They are very informative and educational. Also, makes me excited for spring!
@deneseharris Жыл бұрын
Thank you for sharing all the wonderful seedlings.
@laltman5005 Жыл бұрын
You inspired me to plant some seeds today.
@MsLynnie2 Жыл бұрын
I purchased those tongs. Huge difference. So easy to get plants out. Thank you for the tip,❤️
@wendymckee6627 Жыл бұрын
Oh please always show things that have gone wrong. Things always go wrong for me. And it really helps to know that even someone who is as experienced as u has problems. Makes us all feel like less of a failure 😅
@sandialdrich1308 Жыл бұрын
All the seeds are looking great! 😊
@adunn5173 Жыл бұрын
I’m so glad to hear that about the Lisianthus, mine are looking so puny
@Chet_Thornbushel Жыл бұрын
Maybe a fun experiment to try with the fungal gnats- carnivorous plants! Sundews have sticky leaves that would probably work well for tiny little gnats. I don’t recall ever seeing you grow carnivorous plants? It might be a good excuse to make some content in them. And I bet Benjamin would find them pretty fascinating at the age he’s at right now 😊
@babieangels Жыл бұрын
Come on Spring! Question: is that moss growing in the flats (with foxglove,etc) and is it something to worry about?
@maureengee364 Жыл бұрын
WOW there coming up amazing. Those lettuce are so so cute. You definitely have a green thumb darling. Thank you so very much for sharing this with us. Appreciated.💯💯💯🇨🇦🇨🇦🇨🇦
@pamlindsey9695 Жыл бұрын
All the seedlings look fantastic!
@eyrerosecottage1970 Жыл бұрын
Those geraniums are so pretty! I'm looking forward to seeing everything in bloom! I've experienced the same exact thing with lisianthus! This is my third year growing them, and they look ridiculously small, even though I started them in early January. I love watching your videos! Thanks for all you do!
@jasminelouisefarrall Жыл бұрын
Morning Everyone 🥰🥰
@dianebevans6864 Жыл бұрын
I got a kick out of seeing you moving the plants in your sandals. Love the google eye peas and veggies.
@jamiepeterson4466 Жыл бұрын
It makes me cold. 🤣
@brendachance7647 Жыл бұрын
Every year, I say I'm not growing lisianthus. I potted then up into a deeper cell tray then the Gardeners supply trays like you have. I also fertilize weekly and now they are the size of my thumb nail. But all GOOD.
@maritzaingles318 Жыл бұрын
Laura thank so much for the inspiration of the head planter with succulents
@janetknight8724 Жыл бұрын
Dear Laura. Thank you for sharing your daily tasks. Always learn something new even at 70. Suggestion....I know you love coleus. Why don"t you start some from seed to replace the begonias in your ex moon garden area. They are very easy to start and grow so quickly. Sending you and your family lots of Angels with love
@sandraengstrand2784 Жыл бұрын
Wow, amazing success with this year’s seedlings!! A genuine nursery operation!! Love the video 🌱🌱🌱💕
@408Dolly Жыл бұрын
Hi Laura! I love the veggies in the windows. They are so cute. Great job!
@olive-grey-green Жыл бұрын
I’m convinced now! For years I’ve been intimidated by growing from seed. Looked for excuses - no space or not enough light, easier to buy from the nursery, etc. But one can totally get a compact seedling cart and see where it takes you! Than you Laura ❤
@vickimurphy590 Жыл бұрын
Good morning from Maryland 32 degrees and very windy. 🍀
@tammywinter9268 Жыл бұрын
I only wish I had space for a green house, I have an awesome potting shed I would love to put a lean to green house on, watching you every day makes me want to be more productive with growing things. As always Thank You Laura.
@ElderandOakFarm Жыл бұрын
Beautiful, beautiful plants! Isn't it so satisfying! I have had some pelleted seed lose quite a bit of their germ rate, but some, like my pelleted lisianthus, I've grown from the same pack for the past 3 years, & I didn't notice much of a decrease. (& I usually get about an 80%+ germ rate)