Grammar Rule 11: Run-ons & Comma Splices

[@tuyrindy6380]

This video was made 8 years ago and is still relevant today. Thank you for your teaching!

[@UniquePrep]

You're most welcome, friend. College Board and ACT have always loved comma splices for some reason, and they still do.

[@rashmibudathoki5309]

This channel is highly underrated. Thanks a lot for all these efforts you have put for us. Wish your channel keeps growing.

[@UniquePrep]

You're most welcome!

[@NatureStalkerr]

This video needs more views. Everything is explained clearly. Thank you sir for making such video.

[@UniquePrep]

You’re welcome, friend. Good luck!

[@AravShakya-i3g]

I can't believe this was made 9 years ago. Thank you for making this video, it really helped me out.

[@UniquePrep]

You're more than welcome, friend!

[@skrenukacollection]

million of love sir . i am so lucky because of you,............

[@UniquePrep]

Happy you feel that way, friend! Good luck to you!

[@PuphaS]

After colon (:) it could be anything or just independent clause? // thanks

[@UniquePrep]

The most important thing to remember about the colon is that you MUST have an INDEPENDENT clause (a complete sentence) BEFORE the colon. As long as you satisfy that requirement, the colon is pretty flexible. Several different constructions could follow the colon: a list of items, another independent clause, a phrase, or even just a single word.

[@marccepeci2980]

What tense is "having seen" (having plus past participle) ? Is '"having seen" past perfect or present perfect ? Thanks Also the last sentence "we thought we were looking at ..." thought is past tense however were looking is past continuous case so I am confused about the tenses? Thanks for your help.

[@UniquePrep]

Not sure I'd say "having seen" has a tense, since it's technically not a verb but rather a phrase (most folks would call it a "participial phrase" or a "perfect participle"). Such phrases do, of course, relate to tenses, in that they tell us about the chronology of and the cause-and-effect relationship between two actions. Specifically, the "verb" in the participial phrase (i.e., the participle that follows "having") occurs before and allows for (or causes) the action in the independent clause that follows the comma. Consider the sentence, "Having seen the movie, Lionel knew how it ended." The "having" phrase describes the subject "Lionel" of the independent clause; it tells us that Lionel first "saw" the movie and then (and therefore) "knew" how the movie ended. So in that case, the "having" phrase is kind of like the past perfect (or the "Before the Past"). However, you could also see something like this: "Having heard Yasmin's reasoning, Lionel now understands her position." In that case, the "hearing" happens before and causes the "understanding." So that looks more like a simple past tense "heard" preceding the present tense "understands."

[@zekizaferaydinli1250]

i thought that we cant joina a comma between a independent the a dependent clause.. i thought that we can only join them between a dependent and then an independent clause

[@UniquePrep]

In general, we use a comma if the sentence structure is DEP, IND. However, if the independent clause comes first (IND DEP), we usually do not use a comma. Ex. Because it was snowing, Justin wore his boots. Ex. Justin wore his boots because it was snowing.

[@maralmaazolzaya5558]

What is the different between phrase and dependent? By the way thank you for amazıng helpful vıdeo 💕

[@UniquePrep]

Clauses have _both_ a *subject* _and_ a *verb.* Phrases lack a subject, a verb, or both. Clauses can be further broken down into independent and dependent. An independent clause has a subject and a verb (like all clauses do) and *completes a thought.* A dependent clause has a subject and a verb (like all clauses do) but *does not complete a thought.* Here are some examples. •Independent: *Tristan* *_dropped_* her brand new phone on the concrete. •Dependent: Although *Tristan* *_dropped_* her brand new phone on the concrete. •Phrases: her brand new phone (noun phrase); on the concrete (prepositional phrase) When it comes to comma splices/run-ons on the SAT/ACT, it's often not necessary to distinguish between a dependent clause and a phrase; as long as you can tell whether a group of words is independent or not, you should be ok: *•Ind, ind* = comma splice *•Ind, not ind* = NOT a comma splice

[@SanskarSapkota-g3p]

can the pattern ind;conjuctive adverb,ind also occur as ind,conjuctive adverb;ind ?

[@UniquePrep]

Yes. “David pushed the ignition button. The vehicle would not start, however; he immediately knew why.” That pattern is _extremely_ rare on the SAT/ACT, however; the pattern discussed in the video is much more common. (See what we did there?) Also, many conjunctive adverbs would be awkward in that position, at the _end_ of an independent clause (“therefore” comes to mind).

[@bhavyadiwakar906]

Thankyou, this is really helpfull!!

[@UniquePrep]

You're welcome, friend.