Gravitational Waves: A New Era of Astronomy Begins

On September 14th, 2015, a ripple in the fabric of space, created by the violent collision of two distant black holes over a billion years ago, washed across the Earth. As it did, two laser-based detectors, 50 years in the making - one in Louisiana and the other in Washington State - momentarily twitched, confirming a century-old prediction by Albert Einstein and marking the opening of a new era in astronomy. Join some of the very scientists responsible for this most anticipated discovery of our age and see how gravitational waves will be used to explore the universe like never before.
This program will feature exclusive footage from director Les Guthman’s upcoming documentary chronicling the drama of the gravitational waves discovery.
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Original Program Date: June 4, 2016
MODERATOR: Brian Greene
PARTICIPANTS: Barry Barish, Nergis Mavalvala, Frans Pretorius, David Shoemaker, Rai Weiss
Brian Greene's Introduction - 00:00
Einsteins prediction of bending light - 5:58
Participant Introductions - 9:55
Chapter one: The Discovery - 11:37
The rumors of a gravitational wave - 14:40
How LIGO almost missed the gravitational wave - 19:16
BICEP2 and getting it right - 22:34
Could we have recreated this experiment without a gravitational wave? - 27:09
Chapter two: The Numerical Relativity - 29:30
So you detect a gravitational wave, what does that mean? - 31:58
Black holes vs Neutron stars - 48:12
Chapter three: Detection - 54:31
How LIGO Laboratory works - 1:04:06
How do you shield the laser from the other waves in the world? - 1:09:00
The move from LIGO to Advanced LIGO 1:12:24
Giving credit to Barry Barish - 1:20:04
Chapter four: The Future of LIGO 1:24:40
eLISA and a space interferometer - 1:27:40
Mathematically solving the future of colliding black holes 1:32:00

[@HolyMith]

I'll never forget when this discovery was made, the professors at my university took my class to the common room and handed out copies of the paper, explaining to us how groundbreaking it was. Only two years earlier I had found out about gravitational waves and lamented that I would probably not live long enough to see them verified. Science never fails to impress and amaze.

[@PeterMilanovski]

Yes, feel those gravitational waves pulling earth towards them! Careful though, they might suck you off the face of the earth! If they are able to reach that far, maybe the next one might be closer and gravitationally pull everything off earth! Scary stuff!

[@PeterMilanovski]

@Huawei is a criminal organization. LoL I was being sarcastic 😂, I find it really annoying when people use words to describe something that just doesn't work in its favour, we all know the word gravity and we know that it's the thing that is keeping us from floating away from our planet, but then someone comes up with the word gravitational waves! Now I don't know about you, but to me it's saying that there are waves that will draw you into the centre of where the waves are coming from. That's like saying that it's anti gravity! Which doesn't exist along with many other things that people talk about as if they understand what they are but in reality they really don't have a clue. Oh and regarding gravity being the weakest field in the universe! Gravity isn't a constant so we can't say that it's the weakest field in the universe, the more active a planet and is, the stronger it's gravitational field.

[@PeterMilanovski]

@Huawei is a criminal organization. it would be easier but also incorrect. Unfortunately I have the ability to see things for what they are. Measuring what they call gravitational waves here on earth from somewhere far out in space is a very time consuming job! As you should know that waves propagating from a central point increase in diameter the further out the waves travel, so that means that by the time that wave hits earth, it's going to look like a slow rise in signal and the only way to know if anything actually was measured is to collect data for many years and replay the data at a faster speed so that you can see that there was an actual change taking place. Kinda like looking at the temperature variations over the last 100 years on earth. Gravitational waves are measured as a frequency, if you look at the wave propagation from above, the frequency is much higher at the source but as they move outward they stretch and change to a lower frequency... When an AC signal is so large it could easily be seen as a DC signal so basically back here on earth, it could be so huge that it just looks like a slow rise in activity and not the way that the people who measured it as a fast frequency sweep. It almost looks like the signal was fabricated on a frequency sweep generator. I guess that their funding is now secured.. Maybe I know something about physics or maybe I don't but if you just accepted everything that you have been taught and told, then you might as well be religious where your not supposed to question anything. I didn't realize that people had to obtain a PhD to become so stupid, thankfully I missed out on that opportunity.

[@PeterMilanovski]

@Huawei is a criminal organization. Wow! Target! Really! They couldn't afford me and the school's that you attended just weren't good enough for me either. It clearly shows how bad your education is by your remarks. It's not your fault, you thought that by attending those institutions that you will be intelligent enough to put me down but I'm afraid it's not working. I know everything that you know and then some. If you really had any intelligence you would have made an effort to listen when someone else talk's and then you would question why is it that they are thinking what they are thinking, but no! Your the one who read all those books, your the one who attended all those lectures, your the one who holds that piece of paper that claims you know something. Are you but hurt that the most successful and wealthy people in this world are all high school dropouts? How is it possible that people like you armed with your piece of paper can't do better than a high school dropout? What is it that you were not taught in school that's preventing you from being successful at anything? I know what it is, you rest on your piece of paper as if it actually means something, your not the only person who studied so there's hundreds of other people just like you. The thing that you are missing is that one thing that you weren't taught at school, and that's the ability to see that which no one else can see even though it's in plain sight! And it's so easy when you have studied electronic engineering, geology, history and just about every other subject that you care to mention. No one forced me to learn anything because no one had to, it comes naturally to me. I'm so smart that I can give you a real plausible alternate theory on any topic that you could care to mention. I know all current theories and concepts but most of them are incorrect and that means most of what you know is also incorrect too. You make sure that you frame your piece of paper and place it where your uneducated associates can see it because you like them don't really know as much as you think that you know. LoL frequency and magnitude, don't you mean frequency and amplitude, looks like you might want to learn some more about Electronics because you are going to need it. The nerve of some people, the minute someone has a theory that they weren't taught, they label them as uneducated lol when they are the ones that don't know.

[@HolyMith]

@@PeterMilanovski hi there, just to clear up a couple of misconceptions for you, (bearing in mind, I do have a physics education but I'm not an expert on g waves). A brief explanation of Einstein's general relativity describes gravity as the curvature of spacetime due to massive objects. The more massive, the more curved spacetime becomes around the object and other objects (whilst also curving spacetime themselves) follow straight lines but in a curved spacetime around the object, so it looks like their trajectories are curved by it. This leads to notions of orbits as being straight lines but in curved spacetime. If two objects are extremely compact and massive (e.g. black holes or neutron stars) and are mutually orbiting each other, their orbit gradually decays. The closer they get, the faster they spin around each other due to conservation of angular momentum. Eventually they merger together, but just before they do, they are rotating extremely fast around each other. This high speed and large mass lerturbs spacetime in a repeating pattern (a gravitational wave) that propagates put into the universe at the speed of light. While the strength of the wave does gradually dissipate as it travels, the frequency is conserved so it doesn't need to be measured over a long time. Also, with regards to the strength of gravity, we are referring to the gravitational constant which is very weak and this means you need very high masses to feel gravity. For example the electromagnetic repulsion between the tiny electrons in your feel and the floor is enough to overcome the gravity of the entire planet, hence you don't fall through the ground.

[@ParrArsenal]

Brian Green is an absolute legend. Very well spoken and clear for us laymen

[@mollyccf]

Also Dr. Michio KAKU. I love both of their talks, every one.

[@jballenger9240]

Hope there are more WSF events in 2023. Miss the panel discussions.

[@swissyogaschool]

Such brilliant, inspiring, intelligent people, and an absolutely mind blowing discussion! :) I enjoyed every minute of it, thank you.

[@kmad019]

Here is a group of people who are in the frontiers of human understanding and knowledge yet remain so humble. Wow! Bravo!! real superstars

[@JohnBugay]

Jjjjjjmjjjjmjjjjjjjjmjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjmjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjmjjjmjmjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjmjjjjjjjjjjmjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjmjjjmjjjjjjjjjmjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj ,!?’vzv

[@ForeverBleedinGreen]

Yeah. BRAVO! Awesome fairy tale!

[@jamesglyer5385]

This is really excellent; the best in the series from the World Science Festival that I have seen.

[@AshleySmith-to8vy]

This is amazing stuff! Thank you for sharing with us. So much fun!

[@j.n924]

This was just phenomenal. Truly inspiring to show how human ingenuity and collaboration can help us understand our universe a little bit more.

[@Phdintheory]

The timing of the gravitational waves LIGO detected was beyond phenomenal.

[@captiinahab8118]

Just bought one of Brians books, this wsf vid has got me even more excited to dig in on it! Great work guys!

[@zodiacfml]

This is the longest KZbin video I've watched and felt wanting more. I'm glad there are many breakthroughs that happened recently, Higgs Boson, BEC, and Gravitational Waves. All these can be related. Einstein still continues to fascinate.

[@ChaojianZhang]

What is BEC?

[@zodiacfml]

@@ChaojianZhang Bose-Einstein condensate Sections & Media HomeSciencePhysicsMatter & Energy Bose-Einstein condensate

[@EdsonSiquara]

I translated this video to Brazilian Portuguese, but I don’t see any subtitles available… People should see this, be aware of the beauty science can achieve. The idea that Einstein almost 100 years ago predicted that we should be able to see this waves, albeit difficult, 1 billion dollars later and a group of a 1.000 working together to make this happen, is outstanding, really remarkable. I used the word ‘beauty’ because this seems to me to be closest you can get to the subjective experience we have when contemplating art, but in this case you don’t need to see or hear anything, just understand and think about it.

[@jimlaguardia8185]

Edson Siquara I concur. Beautiful! I love math and physics.

[@solargoldfish]

Thank you for your efforts.

[@compphysgeek]

Congratulations on the 2017 Nobel Prize. I already watched this presentation last year when it was first published .. it's still informative and entertaining

[@abemorabito5936]

Always a treat to observe those who are steadfast in the pursuit of knowledge without hype.

[@dontgetmadgetwise4271]

Rai so deserved his 2017 Nobel. And it nicely rewards his decades long commitment to this project.

[@donaldsmith3926]

A Hollywood producer was on a flight sitting next to Cameron Diaz; she was describing this crazy movie she was making, "Being John Malkovich". The producer sheepishly admitted he was financing it. She laughed and laughed. The money guys behind these very expensive experiments should also be congratulated for persevering when the scientist weren't even sure there was anything to find with these tunnels in the middle of nowhere.

[@sorafierce2575]

@@donaldsmith3926 sysyosssoyisyssysoysysysysyysosyrysysoysyssoysysosysysosoyyoyrtrtryysosysoysoysyossosyysssysotyytytyrttrtrtrtsysysoysoysysossysryryryrysyosysoysoysoyosyosyyryryryrysysoysoyosysssysyssyyyyyytosyosossyyytytysysosoyysysysosyryrysysoyosysyssosyoyyyyyyytytytytytytystyosyosysoysyosostyyytytytyysoyosysoysyyssysosysossysssoysoysoysyosttyryyytyyi says 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 fs ysryryytyouyssysoytyyysòyytytyosuoytyytytououou I yyyos I iuououououu yyytsu I ououououoiytytyosooiiou I yystou I ououououoiou I yyytytytoioiouoiio you yyyt I iouoioioioiooi tyroououiiououoiouou I I yyyysouiououuououu I ytyyyytoytyytosiioioioioioiioi I yyyytouiuououoiouououuouuo I yyrytioiuouou I I I tyrosine oh iouoii yyyyytou I iuououityyytytytsou I ouououiououououou I ya iuououiou ououuuiyyysioiuoioioioioiouoiu I yyyts oi iouuoiiiiioioioiioioi I yyy you uuououiuouoioioiouii i yyrytysouououououou I yyytyo suioiououuouououoioityytyisou I iouoiiioioioiouoioii you yyrytouou I ouououiououiouououou I yyysououou I iouoiiioiioioiouioiuo you yyyytytrryyyytououuouououououououououiiyytyisou I iouoiiîoioioiouiyyfyfyysoioioioioiuouuouououoioiououuououuou I yyryytytsouououou I ououuouiuouou I yyyytyyruouou I iouoiiioiioii uyyytiu I iouuiii I iouoiiioioi

[@dankdaily5134]

I have been waiting for you guys to put this together haha. Thank you so much for all the knowledge.

[@neonblack88]

I love that the numerical part goes on the longest, speaking for myself personally I never hear enough about the nitty gritty of the math, which lets admit is the language of nature and physics. Also such an interesting look at Einstein’s field equations

[@WorldScienceFestival]

Hello, KZbinrs. The World Science Festival is looking for enthusiastic translation ambassadors for its KZbin translation project. All you need is a Google account to get started. Here is a link to Gravitational Waves: A New Era of Astronomy Begins so you can see how it works: kzbin.info_video?v=xj6vV3T4ok8&ref=share All you need to do is type along with the video and save when done. Here is another link to check out the full list of programs that you can contribute to. kzbin.info_cs_panel?c=UCShHFwKyhcDo3g7hr4f1R8A&tab=2 At the WSF we want to to cultivate a world informed by science and inspired by its wonder. With your contributions you can introduce science to a whole new world.

[@df5687]

i am literate in english and astrophysics..... but i can't keep my funny, crude comments to myself so, sorry xD

[@johno9507]

World Science Festival. Im fluent in English and complete gibberish (or flat earther's language)

[@-nullptr9379]

Im literate in integrals and riemann sums

[@oscarronquillo7794]

e yo ablo espanish wei.. por si neitas un paro... arre chido tira chupon

[@premiere3610]

It's easier to do translation to other language if there is english subtitle.

[@defeatedviking9647]

That we should find ourselves living in such times of Discovery. Amazing.

[@pabloi]

Sincere congratulations to this team and all the people behind them that made us make one step forward in our attempt to understand how is the place where we live in.

[@stevegovea1]

Awesome time to be in, this discovery is super bad ass.

[@cashwaldrum3713]

Not anymore they really just feel jealous now and ask them to do homework nobody has said four eyes since the 50s

[@TheDudeKicker]

MORE!!! please. And thank you.

[@premiere3610]

Thank you for this video and to brian to simplfy things. Without him you'll easily lost the track and he helps a lot to understand many things discussed.

[@arinalikes5911]

I love how humble and cautious that are being

[@Langkowski]

This is a huge achievement in the history of science. And yet there are so many people out there who have no idea about this, and if you ask them about LIGO and gravitational waves, they will just look at you with a confused expression. And if you do explain it to them, they will usually just give you a "that's nice, dear" kind of reply.

[@brucegelman9671]

Three different detectors saw the same thing.The scientists on this panel have been working on this for up to 40 years.Who among us would be that scientifically patient and rigorous about the results.They deserve great respect.And no one but those in the field can truly focus and understand what was accomplished.We can be skeptical but given time I believe this will be a normal part of science.Gravitational waves are here to stay.

[@sassoleo]

Awesome presentation, very much appreciated.

[@Blackwhite2277]

Thank you so much World Science Festival for uploading these jewels :]

[@jamestaddeo4435]

Friggin AWESOME! Awesome work!

[@daonstream]

"with a little bit of massaging" hilarious.

[@linderbrock]

the introduction was extraordinary!

[@Finite-Tuning]

Why can't we have something like this for prime time TV? No teen drama about getting laid, just some basic or complex science about our universe; on what channel in what part of what world can I find this without commercials? KZbin is the only place I've seen this (with a touch of ad block) but why is this not mainstream programming? Ehh, I digress, have at 'er! Good stuff, I need more!

[@tbdkll4218]

The two physicists beside Brian won the Nobel price in physics in 2017, a year after this video was released. The recipients were Rainer Weiss, Barry C. Barish and Kip S. Thorne "for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves."

[@waltspencer6942]

Always a treat to observe those who are steadfast in the pursuit of knowledge without hype.

[@reginakatherine7708]

Parabéns ! Também gravo videos! Todos Nós, Nas Luzes Estelares das Vitórias, do Bem, Bom, Belo, Positivo. Luzessssssssssssssssssssssss Paz Universal. Vitórias.

[@bhavikyadav7495]

I don't understand Niel Tyson He is just a audience creep

[@mokhan4748]

Love this channel. Thanks for sharing.

[@pilotactor777]

Stunning presentation and lecture. There is no limit to human imagination.

[@davecompton4174]

I appreciate the greatness this represents in terms of all that is good in humans. In the face of a culture that is trying to get by on thinking positive thoughts and the sole measure of validation is how much money is generated. But I did not hear much about the ongoing purpose and objectives other than upgrading because we can.

[@RobMetal666]

By the way - Rai Weiss is 83 years old in this video. Amazing shape for that age. Physically and mentally. Respect

[@Dr10Jeeps]

Two things: First, an absolutely fascinating discussion among very intelligent people. Two, Brian Greene is a genius and the best host/moderator of WSF discussions possible. He clarifies complicated issues easily and allows panel members to talk without continually interrupting them.

[@ryanm6848]

Truly amazing work. So grateful for this channel but the sound guy probably should have subgrouped the primary mics together, raised the gate threshold a few db and add a few db gain to the bus compressor. They would all be more articulable and not on the verge of feedback. Gain structure matters. cheers

[@vgrof2315]

REMARABLE!!! Imagine how grand these people will be thought of a couple of hundred years from now. Thank you all.

[@modolief]

32:49 Brian Greene "We like to sometimes do a little bit of the math" ... what follows is a rapid tour de force of the Einstein equations. Bravo.

[@aadityasharma4183]

FYI : Rainer Weiss and Barry C. Barish won 2017 nobel prize for the contributions in LIGO and detection of gravitational wave.

[@achildofgod9954]

I’m always amazed by male or female scientists that kind of appear to know part of how nature works in a very tangible way not just wander around this world to get ends met.

[@quenfitzgibbons7153]

Brian Greene your linguistic skills are excellent. Not to mention your perfectly clear train of thought and ability to convey it without a pause, hiccup, or stutter are to me truly impressive. You are a cultural gem for your devotion to science and its dissemination. Thank you very much!

[@Hephaestus512]

This was really inspiring to hear the back-stories and the process.

[@hans_von_twitchy1014]

A very enjoyable vid, thanks.

[@zweibrucker]

I am totally impressed at the human spirit's ability to continue to see awesome things in the mind's eye and continue until it is realized by observation.

[@Paulmatthew22]

You're EASILY impressed ,.

[@danieln6356]

I greatly admire those who devote themselves to something at a young age that takes so long to come to fruition. I certainly didn't have the patience for it until recently.

[@melindajordan2328]

Love to all of you.

[@anzaralam6166]

fantastic program.

[@arcticbliss2330]

We appreciate you Brian Greene for facilitating explanation to us. Thank you

[@PeterMilanovski]

Ahh! So you now understand how gravity and waves work!

[@TheJfranco9]

HELP: The description educators use to describe space bending via gravitational forces troubles me because we use the analogy of a trampoline and a heavy object in the middle to describe such phenomena. However, the description is taking place in a semi-2D grid and we know, obviously, reality is in 3D. So in all, the waves do not travel just in the x-axis but in a complete 360 degree coverage from the origin. I am probably not making sense, but the trampoline description does not fulfill my mind; I just want to see space bending in a 360 degree coverage but that will not look as appealing as the former analogy. Anyways thanks!

[@sergiogalanmedina8851]

You just blowed my mind as I thought completely the same thing. The same question, the same answer. Amén hermano

[@zeropoint3316]

The 2D grid is just a representation since it is very difficult to describe in full 3D, yes, the gravity wave propagates in 3D, if you rotate the 2D grid in 360 degrees both laterally and longitudinally, that would be the true representation, but as I said, this is a difficult view, therefore represented in 2D.

[@TheJfranco9]

Math, the universal language ;)

[@craigbrownell1667]

Yes, you see, we've simply collapsed one of the 3 ordinary dimensions. Choose whichever you wish to collapse. Then try to "uncollapse" it ... envision the curvature of spacetime in 3d, then move to 4.

[@JulioandtheDude]

Hey, think about how the light of a star behind the sun wraps around around our sun before being observed here on earth.

[@dk6024]

So, here's a guy who's devoted his career to string theory and is careful to put a caveat on someone else's implicit assumption that string theory is correct. Where else do you see this? In politics? In religion? That one moment is a little jewel hidden in the rest of this excellent presentation.

[@mountainfolkfilms8185]

He puts caveats on his own hypotheses, string theory being one, of course.

[@scottmattes2408]

Exactly. Short term, self serving bullshit that doesn't get supported by evidence in the long run doesn't help you and actually hurts you in the long run. Religion and politics is the opposite. Even Einstein, among the greatest scientists ever, made fairly large errors which he openly admitted. That humility is what is so refreshing about science for me too.

[@killersalmon4359]

That's because it's a hypothesis.

[@timothyperkins3723]

I liked your comment;don't know how many physicists make the mistake of confusing theory with fact; there's a wonderful combative as well as cooperative element to all discussions on the nature of reality which may, however, seduce us into such confusions. For an experimental scientist, this error might seem simply egregious - particularly as no-one's come up with a currently feasible way of testing this elegant & powerful theory. Even if they confirmed it, it would remain falsifiable as this is key to theoretical improvement & in any case a fundamental part of the scientific method. So it's indeed good to hear someone who really likes string theory say 'Well, I really don't know;' come to think of it it's sometimes sold as the only plausible basis for a unified theory. A little premature lol. Politics and religion sigh groan swear.

[@armitagejake]

I see it diferent. I think you would be correct if Greene was the one to came up with the string theory, but was the LIGO dude who did came up with the string stuff predictions.

[@abubakryagob]

After I watched the video , I just asked myself about those 159 guys, I mean, I respect their view but I want just to understand what is in their mind . Its one of the best video and dissection that I watched and its super useful for the public to understand the concept pf the gravitational waves .

[@CyberScifi]

This was enjoyable to watch. Thx.

[@jamesp4521]

Great presentation! Loved it!

[@modolief]

Wow, watched the whole thing, it was really really good. I got more out of this than most highly produced science documentaries. Just a lot of good info, and a good story too.

[@SashaArsic]

Congrats for the Nobel Prize guys, you deserve it!

[@Idtelos]

Excellent stuff.

[@satankarmukesh3552]

Nice informative discussion 👏👏👏

[@jaimedelosrios2977]

Thank you very much to Mr Brian Greene (moderator) to explain what the mathematician nerds have a hard time explaining, by treating the audience with respect.

[@jcohenmd]

just wanted to say, I agree, Dr. Greene is amazing. One of the finest theoretical string theorists in the word today, AND a normal guy who explains it to the rest of us in a way we can understand

[@TinAleksic]

I dont like him actualy. Too smug for my taste...

[@muhammadsalmangalileo945]

Can't believe someone still say that the earth is flat when we (as human) already found gravitational wave.

[@thenowchurch6419]

What are the Flat Earthers going to say now ?

[@flaviusnita6008]

All footballs are flat!

[@staceyshuman5384]

Yeah those flat earthers are pretty crazy

[@NaneuxPeeBrane]

Dude the waves themselves are flat - they fit in to the theory .... lol theyre just a little too flat for us to see lol our 3d eyes make it 3d but its really flat lol

[@---Free-Comics---IG---Playtard]

Flat earth = "low" / "down" life. It's a semblance towards Christain philosophy. www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=flat%20earth

[@abemorabito5936]

Thanks for uploading! =)

[@dylanallen8330]

Rai similarly sounds like Feynman to me. Look forward to more of these.

[@dustypartition]

Brian Greene, the stand-up comedian of theoretical physics.

[@rajatmond]

Yes, and I want to live his life, though only for a few years...

[@theresechristiansen9769]

At 1:04:00 he sounds like Jack Nicholson!

[@rajivb9493]

I am not saying he's wrong here, but he needs to understand that experimental Physics is different from Theoretical Physics...methods and results of different experimental means and ways need to be correlated before one can claim a Proof ...without verifying the results of other experiments and depending the inference on only just two findings of the similar experimental setup & means can be a case of False Positive too...

[@dustypartition]

Rajiv B You're right, he is talking about experimental physics in this video. I guess i was thinking of the first I'd heard of him which was though his book 'The Elegant Universe' ; String Theory or 'M Theory' is definitely more theoretical than experimental.

[@garyc1384]

Holy cow you re a true fool, Rajiv. Sorry

[@erictaylor5462]

19:50 You missed your chance to say, "A long time ago, in a galaxy far, far away"

[@johnbroomhead1039]

It life jim but not as we know it

[@reggiebald2830]

My level of ignorance prevails; but it could be significantly reduced by the availability of captions (which were turned on, btw). Wonderful program! I've watched this twice and probably will do so again.

[@yog_g5001]

23:38 Really professional answer by Dr Weiss

[@jeremianlastly7668]

I think it's hilarious that children are all but conditioned to look down on people like this in school, calling them nerds, four eyes etc... I can relate. in grammar school I was the kid looking for cool rocks instead of playing football. Now look at them!!! They are absolute bosses that are literally shaping what we understand about our universe. While that varsity football bro is now selling used cars in some backwater town. We need to stop beating the natural curiosity out of our children. Curiosity is literally what makes us who we are as a species.

[@EchoesDistant]

Even more sad are people who denounce the scientific method considering it's core is the fundamental way we humans learn things for ourselves via trial and error.

[@gregswanepoel1806]

and you think you better?

[@jeremianlastly7668]

+Greg Swanepoel I'm not even sure what you're trying to say.

[@Wisest1ofAll]

+Greg Swanepoel, +Jeremian Lastly is just commenting how our naïve and immature priorities of youth (Sports over science, for instance) are so flawed in retrospect. But to answer your question (misspelled and all) YES, if Jeremian was one of those "nerds" then he was better than the "jock", so long as the school jocks weren't ALSO the school brain as well. You can be both. I was one of those rare individuals exhibiting both. Intelligence is what defines us as Humans not physical prowess. Physical prowess is the domain of the animal kingdom and you can see where that has gotten them in the food chain.

[@Wisest1ofAll]

+Jeremian Lastly Not "curiosity" but "intelligence" is what defines us as a species. Cats are curious and you don't see them figuring out "Gravity Waves". Intelligence is not measured in wanting to know something. It is measures in knowing something (mid-level intelligence) and being able to figure it out without the help of others (high-level intelligence).

[@osalas36]

Physicists are insane. They're so intelligent!

[@LowKickMT]

especially the intelligent ones

[@tormentedsunbeam]

@@LowKickMT yeah they’re pretty intelligent

[@EinSofQuester]

They're alright, I guess.

[@socratesuffer2765]

The most beautiful interruption I ever seen in my life ..... min 45

[@djtbone001a]

Good thing we got that built in time to detect it. I can't imagine if we had missed it. Life would be over.

[@cuscof2]

They've found quite a few more since then.

[@myronvandeplas7075]

so, when will the documentary come out?

[@AshleyDaySosa]

Yes I asked the same thing. Finally something new.

[@carlgreen5168]

Is einstein the most intelligent human being that has ever lived?

[@locutusdborg126]

That would be me, but Einstein is a close second.

[@tombombadil3185]

When asked what it was like to know genius, Einstein replied, "I don't know, you will have to ask Tesla."

[@spiritualanarchist8162]

I'm sorry to inform you that you are a 'close second."..after...well..me. ;-)

[@jodirenee2756]

Every molecule all around us is dancing to the beat of our vibration-

[@c0deman057]

Popin and Lockin mostly...

[@zioo3117]

I don't know if string theory is correct. And I don't know if it is the smallest. It seems to me, actually, the the part iticles that have twins (each with an opposite spin) are in fact, "a string." Then there is the aspect of, "folding," of the dimensions, maybe nine of them. And they can fold in ways wheryllto this question: Basic Spin(s). Why? Because these particle spins, innate in their existence, is the beginning elements of gravity (or electromagnetism). The folds are pathways for travel by either the particles or the strings of the particles, until they become dense enough to ccically it. In order to understand this, I call it: Dental Floss theory of understanding. As a string on a plane, the dental floss has no discernable gravity (to act upon anything else.) Then the spins at the ends of the floss act to begin the string to undergo the "folding" (or other aspects of folding via movement). These folds tend to shorten the string or strings. Eventually the string which is the same, is none-the-less, "folded" and is gradually (rate of movement does not need to be known) changed so that its form is "bunched." As a bunch, its mass is more condensed than when it was full length. As such and with its spins closer together and electromagnetic effect occurs and the string changes the random spins (angles may be slightly offset or changed) that are opposite into the equivalent of a "motor". Both particles on the bunched folded strings begin a spin of both of them. They increase in speed as the folding continues and eventually, there is enough density that gravity is created that attract other strings. Which ones are important, but it isn't necessary to know which ones for the theory to work. This then attracts different strings where they become part of the initial string as a system. The density is increased as folding speeds up with the attracted string. The gravity is then increased as is the electromagnetism of the referenced, "motor." After this, wash, rinse and repeat. Mater is formed and the beginnings of eventual mass attraction occurs. Whether or not this also works for dark matter is unknown, but this method or some sort of low force or high force development of dark matter, is possible. Eventually this process repeats itself enough until it creates a black hole or something like it that eventually continues the spins and increases the density until it either explodes or gives off enough energy to engage in black hole death. AF

[@Edison73100]

Outstanding discussion.

[@helgefan8994]

At 5:05, Brian Green already falls for a common misception about Mercury's Orbit. Newtonian physics *does not* require the planet's orbits to be perfect ellipses. Instead, it predicts the precession of the Perihelion of Mercury nearly perfectly. Just the *amount* of Mercury's observed precession deviates very slightly from the prediction of Newtonian physics.

[@urano4810]

@Heisenberg-SchrodingerEmc2 as an engineer, anything within 20% error is good enough for me 👌 pi=e=3

[@shtl0rd364]

Our World is merely a Marble on the Trampoline in someone's back yard. Amazing.

[@fanfam]

Yes haha that would be something. That makes science like the best trip on virtual drugs.

[@shtl0rd364]

fanfam Yeeeesss. XXD

[@muhammadb6968]

fucking furries.

[@muhammadb6968]

Roonie Edward Mitchell IsUnamused degenerate

[@shtl0rd364]

Muhammad B Someone's been watching a lotta Leafyishere videos. Oh, I'm so hurt. Cry cry.

[@KipIngram]

I love Dr. Malvavala's voice. :-)

[@beeeez5978]

@ 19:45 says it all. Amazing!

[@anthonysandalis9148]

Tell me if i'm wrong, just making a hypothesis here, but if time and space were like that, such as a trampoline as mentioned 4:13, would the orbit slowly start to inwards on it self, as if it were a real trampoline and the smaller ball would meet with the bigger ball in the middle? Or would the orbit stay the same due to the lack of any frictional force there to slow it down? Would be good to know as I am curious :), Thanks

[@Chicxulub65M]

the trampoline and balls have friction and slow their revolutions, so they spiral in.

[@Pickle_Candy]

You said it yourself, there is very little, if any, friction in space. Without that, there's not much that will affect an object's orbit, save for a collision or gravitational pull from another passing object. Don't quote me on that, though, I'm not an expert.

[@staceyshuman5384]

I'm not a physicist but it sounds as though you're describing a black hole

[@glutinousmaximus]

Yup - you are right - you are _not_ a physicist!

[@staceyshuman5384]

That's for sure I barely made it through Algebra 2. but I thought I read another comment that was descriptive of a black hole I don't think I was reading Candy's comment I don't know I can't remember. Isn't there a black hole in the center of every Galaxy sucking everything in eventually? Due to its gravity, and are quasars present at all black holes? Please help the math dummy! :)

[@rockhellwnas]

It's very humbling to hear from a Nobel prize winner that he couldn't teach relativity and how difficult it was for him to understand the operational details of the first experiment on gravitational waves. And also how this difficulty led him to come up with a simplier and more precise idea for detecting those waves.

[@marthalinagregory7379]

Amazing, watching from Mount Sterling, Ky

[@grammarcat3628]

the best part of these videos? The comment section! the enthusiasm is awesome.

[@ebinsdavid]

if they use 4km long wire and pass dc current at constant rate. then use a voltage measuring device for measuring the deflection .will it work? the gravity wave which may stretch the wire in any possible way could cause a change in resistance .right? if it works it will be more more economical >accurate >less noise. just my opinion . sorry if i am wrong.

[@teodoranirmala3163]

Ebin S David True, but change in resistance causes change in voltage proportionally such that current still exist in constant rate. Eventually, deflection can be measured well.

[@daviduque8180]

obrigado edson por ter traduzido

[@warrenpuckett4203]

I got about 1 hour 10 minutes into this and wonder what kind of effect gravitation waves have on the GPS system.

[@zekeanthony]

amazing, all of it

[@fullblowngaming]

And yet, here we are with flat earthers who claim gravity is not real

[@billybragg2729]

The turtles love waves.

[@willmpet]

And many think that basic research is a waste, but it yields our lives in the future. Sticking to old worn-out ideas then is dangerous!

[@soccergalsara]

the most beautiful theory in its simplicity mathematical structure, with such amazing experimental verification , what an exciting time =D

[@ROBMCKISSOCK]

if gravity bends the imaginary space/time fabric then what is magnetism bending to cause attraction ?

[@PeterMilanovski]

Fat back tv's been bending light since the early 1900's LOL, I don't know what these guys are going on about... Four electro magnetic coils on the neck of the picture tube bends the light any way you want!

[@mikemijs9852]

Sure they could replicate it with an electromagnet, but not everything is affected by magnetic force. But everything is affected by gravity. He said earlier, that the amount of force is so small in comparison to other forces that we can sense. But the hard part is trying to do that without any data changes from anything other than gravity waves. Be like trying to see the ripples in the water from a pebble while running a trolling motor in the same spot. Not gonna see the tiny ripples. But with enough dampers, it's possible.

[@adamrspears1981]

So gravitational influences can vary from a phenomenon that is essentially a "Cosmic Quake" ??

[@ebaymoncton]

Thank you, so amazing

[@lutpulla7183]

Beautiful talk!

[@gru8212]

1:18:20 notice how Rai Weiss was trying to hide real amount of money

[@SomeoneCommenting]

No one dares to make that wave animation 9:00 in real 3D in all directions, always in the plane LOL

[@marv5078]

Watching in 2019 and nothing has changed

[@NonsensicalJazz]

This may be a novice and unrelated query, but does the noise-reducing design (the pendulum-like hardware that mitigates the impact of a engine revving, or a tree falling as Shoemaker described) also reduce the impact of plate tectonics and perhaps deeper geological phenomena that could affect the accuracy of the findings?

[@TinAleksic]

No, but that would be off the chart, if you talk about earthquakes.

[@buickkkkkk1]

Why are you late to class? Professor! I'm a victim of gravitational waves...

[@ceciliapares2804]

🤣🤣

[@seivaDsugnA]

When gravity waves, I wave back. Do these chaps make me look fat?

[@martinda7446]

You look thinner for 600 milliseconds every 100,000 years.

[@pho3nix365]

Martin D A Sooo.. I don't need to eat less?

[@martinda7446]

Oh shit I dunno? I forgot what the hell I was on about. But just in case, stop eating, except maybe whelks. Always works for me.

[@frankgeeraerts6243]

Gravity waves , the dance of the dead in their graves .....dancing waves forever .