T/S Parameters Explained (Part 2)

[@PrinceWesterburg]

I've built guitars, valve amps, speaker cabinets, recording gear, recorded and mixed and done just about everything but this is the one thing that brings that all together from inductors, electrical losses, impedance, Ohm's law etc. Its all making sense where it didn't reading a book 30 years ago - thank you so very much!

[@stevekarr4613]

Excellent information. Another T/S style parameter that is often messed with is Sensitivity. Usually listed as 2.83V, which IS 1 watt into 8 ohms (nominal) BUT 2 watts into 4 ohms and 4 watts into 2 ohms. So this inflates the 4 ohm sensitivity by 3dB and 2 ohm by 6dB. Weasels!!!

[@danweston6109]

This are such great concise clear and simple ways of breaking down something confusing and often left in the dark. Thank you!

[@francoisswanepoel7265]

Even though your knowledge zooms over my head, LOVING your work !

[@petertaylor8646]

I am 55 and have finally registered as a sole trader designing, building and hopefully selling a battery run, high fidelity, high power and portable guitar amplifier for busking. As a guitarist / musician with a good grasp of electronic engineering and carpentry, but not of speaker box design, I have done a lot of research and it becomes more interesting, especially when it is important to customer confidence that my product lives up to may claims. I have also found that solid answers don't come without solid data, which you have supplied. Thanks.

[@springermusicnet]

love the ending... "share it with someone who needs it... you know the guy." ROFL

[@mindtraveller100]

patk2 "the best bass sound in the world" hummm... let me guess... in your opinion, right? So, that means... Yeah, you guessed it right: Absolutely nothing.

[@mindtraveller100]

patk2 "the 5 inch speaker is best at playing the 90Hz frequency" Why?

[@mindtraveller100]

patk2 "so you should only use a 5 inch speaker with the 90Hz frequency" What 5 inch speaker are you refering to, since there are thousands of different speakers, each one with their own fisical and electrical caracteristics?

[@mindtraveller100]

patk2 Ignorance is nothing to be ashamed. We are all ignorant on many things. However, when you´re ignorant and try to act smarter than anyone else, then you´re opening yourself to being ridiculed.

[@mindtraveller100]

patk2 LOL So, you´re telling me that a 5 inch speaker is the best for playing 90 hz, just because the 2 that you tried could play that frequency? You´re an idiot. I have news for you: a 18 inch sub can also play 90 hz; now, what? Stop wasting my time.

[@blackymadd336]

And there you have it folks! Another great episode of "Pete droppin jewels of Technical Knowledge!" Thanks Pete!

[@blackymadd336]

@@HexiBase Thank you!

[@mithunden]

Hey Peter, just wanted to say thank you. I’ve been binge watching your videos, they are great. Not sure if it’s the way you teach or speak but I’ve been a hobbyist for 25 years and you’ve helped me understand a few things better that’s for sure.

[@easyamp123]

I have found speaker testers extremely useful. I bought a "Dats 2" a few years back and use it constantly, just don't forget to break in your speaker before testing. Awesome videos as always, Thanks.

[@baronvonfritz]

You have the most luscious math. I really appreciate the fast easily pausable math spots to write stuff down. These videos helped me realize I accidentally built a 6th order bandpass box(happy accident), what the heck that even meant, and now what to do in the future. I love the fact that speakers and antennas are so reliant on the physical shape and material of the object to achieve desired outcome. If you ever run out of video topics in the speaker world, the antenna aspect is equally full of math-fu that I'm sure you can relate to us in your usual delightful flair.

[@PR0CKBP]

I'm just now finding your content.... Dude, I can't even tell you how long I've been looking for information like this. Thank you, I MUST look into ALLLLL of this!! I LOVE SCIENCE, THIS IS AUDIO SCIENCE. I've never been taught our learned anything the true mechanics. Much to study.

[@malland2029]

Parts 1 & 2 - Concise and well explained. I think you should rename the videos - "T/S Parameters - Cutting the Crap"

[@runningbear1982]

It's nice to hear somebody that actually knows what they're talking about talking. God bless Steve Meade and Tony D'Amore, but I do get tired of them just pushing products that look cool.

[@RAMON20IES]

There were some similarities from part 1, I did get the same splitting Headache from brain overload. 🤯 Thanks for another great Video.

[@dmncanter]

Your vids are some of the best out there, man! I don't usually comment and say things like this, but these vids have cleared up tonssss for me! Thank you so much, and keep em coming! Straight knowledge 👌🏻.

[@1-Six-dee]

I'd u like these videos check out emf audio channel he is very knowledgeable as well these two guys right here r spreading true audio knowledge

[@dmncanter]

@@1-Six-dee i watch that channel a lot! Love them too! Lol

[@1-Six-dee]

@@dmncanter I send ppl from his channel over here as well man there is soich dra on yt brand hating and preferential treatment it is great to have ppl watching these two guys

[@DanHoke]

These videos were _really_ helpful. I've seen these parameters, but was just treating them as magic numbers that I'd plug into an enclosure calculator. This really helped clarify. Thank you.

[@seanmcdonald656]

I am the guy who needs to watch this. LOL!! Great video I have only just started researching how to build a speaker and this series is very informative

[@Bezzle.]

I appreciate you sharing your knowledge. I learn a lot simply by pushing play and listening to you. Thank tou

[@gizmoochi]

There should be a double thumbs-up button for this video. Something a bit stronger than just 'like'. Great video and keep up the good work.

[@elladamerie]

I laughed at some point in the video.. Why Mr Anderson .... Thank you Pete for enlightening my day.

[@stiz2win]

Man. Let me just say I dont comment often but I am loving your content!

[@cyrillepinton3398]

These two videos are probably one the best around about drivers parameters. About Le value : it's irrelevant in the loudspeaker box nor filter design, as it's far better to use an advanced software which include the Fr (driver+box+baffle step) and the Z curve (in the box !), than a zobel. As a designer I use to keep it low, for Le(i) THD, and linear within X for Le(x) IMD. The lower Le in the coil, the higher Le in the filter for the same cutoff, but lower thd+imd.

[@Broadpaw_Fox]

I recently found your videos, and I have to say - I'm in love with them. They're short, sweet, and to the point. All packed with useful information and no fluff ... I've been binge-watching as you can probably guess. :)

[@ThatOneGuySometime]

This is all of why I am taking my time to put a sub in my car. My friends keep saying things like "just get a 1500 watt amp and put a 15" in your trunk". But I am designing a few boxes to the TS parameters of a few Dayton Audio RS series subs to try and figure out what would fit well in the upper deck of my trunk. So I am not only bound to the physical size constraints of my car, but also the TS parameters of the sub and the wall thicknesses of the building materials. I am even considering port placement to make it fire up through a hole in the rear deck of my cabin as the upper deck in my trunk is right beneath it (it's a 2008 crown Vic). My vision is to have a truly high fidelity install that doesn't cost me an arm and a leg, so I am choosing to spend my time instead of my money on getting this project done just right.

[@cartruck1070]

More questions answered by this vid! So glad i was able to find your youtube channel again. Good stuff! 😎👍👍

[@cigarjoe6950]

I could tell you firsthand from my own experiences he is exactly correct. Thank you for part 2

[@JonathanDFielding]

PLEASE READ! I'm sorry. I was so hopeful for this video. You expanded on ideas and topics I've never considered, like how to spot BS specs, but I really want a video to explain how changes to different parameters affect the sound. How does changes to free air resonance, damping factors, linear Xmax, vas, etc, affect the required box size, clarity, accuracy, low end extension, power handling, response and more. Can you, someone experienced, simply read the parameters and tell if this would not sound good in an X configuration. Like, "this sub is design for competition and loudness, not sq", or "this is best for Rock, not rap." If you can, I want to know how. Ex: look at the ts parameters & compare a (all JL Audio) 10w3v3 vs 10W6 vs 10W7AE. Why, when I plot the response in the recommended boxes, does the W6 get louder@low end than, w3, and the W7 get even louder at low end than W6? How is this possible when the box size for the W6 is way smaller than the W3, but the box size for a W7 is relatively large again like the w3. What changed in those parameters?

[@justinmallaiz4549]

Jonathan Fielding : This can be done by someone experienced.. In my case it mostly guides me.. to what woofers I want to model and listen to.. I’ve never bothered to lined up the specs side by side to analyze.. Its a little tedious to remember the average vas for example, of different size speakers in both cubic ft and litres.. ( unless it’s your full time job I guess) ... But a lot can be said about the sound by examining a speaker... ( when you know how the parameters effect response, how parameters are achieved and materials ) .. The vids your looking for would be lessons on how to design raw speaker drivers... (I have some experience ..I’m all in :))

[@bennyblanco14]

I was hoping for a video like that as well... no one really explains what specs to look for and what each spec is good for ... car fabrication did a video on specs but didn't really get deep on the important specs I should lay attention too

[@mindtraveller100]

Jonathan Fielding I´m also looking foward to when he explains all that. But i will give you a little tip, from my experience, just regarding one of the many things you asked. When you said "this is best for Rock, not rap." Many people assume that there are sub´s better for some music genres and other sub´s better for other music genres. That is BS. A really good sub will be really good with all music genres. But what happens is that there are some genres that are not as demanding as others, so they will not reveal the sub shortcomings as well as other genres. What you have to do is try the sub with the most demanding types of music. If they play those right, they will play anything right. Just my 2 cents...

[@blanchae]

Look up the free program WinISD, you can enter the T/S parameters for a speaker and modify the box volume and tuning dynamically to see what it does to the frequency response curve. On changes to the speaker characteristics, you have no control over that - those are characteristics of the speaker. You do have control over the box volume and tuned port. I do know as a bass player, that one of the most important speaker parameters is Xmax which is the maximum mechanical movement of the cone. If a bass guitar speaker has too small a value (2 to 3 mm), at loud volume the speaker will over extend and "fart" which is the term that bass players use to describe what happens to the sound. ideal Xmax is anything over 6 mm. Music doesn't have this problem because it is compressed while live bass playing doesn't.

[@RC-ScalerandBuilder]

I wish I could retain even just 1% of this information 😋 thank you.

[@cndlpwr]

This is all well and good, but I would like to see a tutorial on how these essential specs affect real world performance. Isolate one parameter, vary its value and show how it affects response in a real time simulation. This kind of software would be invaluable for builders.

[@TheBigern22]

Amazing, I'm getting ready to finish up my Instrumentation engineering degree and all of what you talk about on the pt. 1 and pt. 2 video I can follow along and understand now.

[@wadehensley5005]

Another excellent, informative video. I hope to see this channel keep growing

[@PTScrib]

fantastic explanation ... my hat's off to you sir

[@akuncrazy]

How to make box subwoofer with guide the parameters ts? Volume liters and box tuned in how many hz?

[@norvillerodgersspeaks]

Your TS parameter videos are terrific and very helpful. Could you make a video on your design process from driver selection to the cabinet's construction and testing?

[@mrb.5610]

I know it's an old video now ... but I'd be very interested to see you do a TS parameter test using Room EQ Wizard ! Edit - Just discovered your 'Measuring Speaker Break In' video that shows you using the Dayron Audio DATS. As usual, a very clear demonstration and explanation - but I'm too mean to buy one - going to try the REW first before I splash out !

[@MauiSoundsCarAudio]

Thanks for the great video man , it explains alot. I can't wait to stock more AD designs !! You guys really have the best customer service and information on your products imo.

[@kentaltobelli1840]

Absolutely love the videos, thank you for making the world a smarter place! I have a video request - I'd be interested in seeing your engineering design process, or as much as you can show without putting yourself out of business! Here's a theoretical: given a specific design objective, how do you choose the loudspeaker and enclosure design, then accurately model the overall cabin+enclosure+loudspeaker+DSP gain (if applicable) to achieve that goal? As a relatable example, my approach to hobby car audio is trying to get a reasonably low f3 rolloff out of a certain "allowable volume" for the enclosure (sometimes its nice to have room in the trunk for groceries). I imagine the allowable volume would dictate achievable SPL at that lowest frequency and from there we could choose an enclosure type and find a speaker with approximately the right T/S parameters that would meet our goal. I understand everyone's audio goals are different, but for the general flat-response case in a measurable environment (aka specific room or car gain), how would an audio engineer approach the problem? Either way, keep up the awesome content!!

[@Pentenfi]

Incredibly informative!

[@jordanlee1237]

I love how indebth you go into this! so i was that guy that fell for a sub because it had a big magnet and it was used and eventually the shorting ring got loose and had to rebuild it, so i sent it off the get rebuilt and reconed and wanted to design an enclosure for it but im not sure if it matters if i measure the t/s parameters before i brake it in or not, the suspension of this is still really stiff making me think i should run some power to it and get it moving for a while before actually gathering the information i need. If anyone can help that woul be appriciated thanks in advance!

[@ryry7886]

I can unsderstand where a company could make a lower resistence sub stiffer in the spider to compensate for the needed stiffness, I think. But are you saying that we should make a sub enclosure differently for wired in serries compared parallel?

[@bassmanwell1255]

Should dual spiders aid in damping facter of the amplifier, and how does it affect cms of a sub?

[@Zardnokalicious]

Dropping knowledge bombs!

[@cliveradvan3414]

If i perform a test on a new driver to derive the T/S parameters I am guessing they will not exactly match the published specs. What tolerance (% error) would be considered acceptable?

[@salvatorehayes2753]

Odd Question But If You Plan To Run 2 Subwoofers In A Shared Ported Enclosure Wired To 0.5 Ohm... Should You Get The Free Air Parameters Of Both Speakers Wired Together At 0.5 Ohm?? (How It's Intended To Be Ran In My Case) Or Does Just Taking The Parameters Of Just One Driver With Coils Wired In Series (My Case 2 Ohm) Give You The Proper Parameters For Enclosure Building Referencing For 2 Speakers In A Ported Enclosure? Same With Measuring The Port Tuning Of An Enclosure With Dats. Should All Subs Be Wired To How They Are Going To Be Played In That Enclosure (In My Case 0.5 Ohm) In Order To Get Box Tuning With The Speakers Installed?

[@craigreustle2192]

These are great videos explaining the parameters but how does each parameter correlate to the ideal enclosure and overall sound? How would you design an enclosure using these parameters without plugging them into a computer program? Can you give some physical examples of how subs behave and sound based off of the parameters? Which parameters are most important when comparing subs?

[@michaellundsrensen2292]

Hi Pete. Thanks for your very informative videos! I think I saw that in a video you had an app for checking the manufacturer's T / S information, what was that app?

[@ubza1234]

I love your videos man! Thank you so so much for making them. I remember you had a link for your enclosure design service but I can't seem to find it. Could you please send it through? Thank you so much for all these, I Flippin love them! I also love seeing how your videos have improved over time. Thanks again!

[@dennis3004psp]

this video is what for many companys. i have a Dats v3 its the only way. but the main problems is how to select or to compare a woofer with no right T/S Parameters.

[@ilkkak3065]

Now I know why sub I just bought has listed 3 different list parameters depending how you wire it up. Thank you 😊

[@norvillerodgersspeaks]

Additionally, could you explain how to select drivers and build cabs for bass musical instrument performance? Most of what I have been able to find for free is all about subwoofers.

[@russellburgan9023]

I got to thank you so much for these videos man. I really enjoy your approach to this topic. I am building a specific system and with this knowledge I feel much more confident in my approach. Thanks so much

[@KB-1976]

Great info, and great vids my guy. Please keep dropping the vids. Keep on, keepin on...

[@DeathStrike-wj9mr]

I get it if you never see this but could you possibly do a vid on a Skar svr-15 with a dual 4ohm coil

[@JordanKL1]

Winisd can simulate voice coil inductance. I'm not sure how it calculates it or if it's simply a guess.

[@mongooriginal]

Are the t/s parameters going to change by much when the sub is broken in?

[@donamills]

What do you think about re-coning or re-foaming?

[@donamills]

What the woofer need to be retested to check for any specification changes? Thanks for your response

[@barrettalen]

Great question. I know when I purchase a subwoofer I look to see if a drop in recone is available from the manufacturer/distributor before purchasing.

[@chadhatfield2069]

I’ve just purchased a CT Sounds Meso 8” dual 2ohm and can’t get an answer on port tuning from them. Have a .75 ft3 net enclosure as recommended per website but can’t get tuning length with them for hard hitting rap. Any recommendations? Can fit up to 4” I’d pipe.

[@overtron9969]

Are there any box building programs that you would recommend that use all of these specs properly? Free or paid programs.

[@drewmcauley8725]

Great videos! Highly informative! I have a question about calculating the enclosure size when adding a passive radiator. How is this done? Thanks in advance!

[@yaghiyahbrenner8902]

I own a Peerless XXLS-P835017 for diy... it cost me alot of money to obtain it, I didn't really understand the TS parameters well, but i knew it was a good sub-woofer based on the reviews, so I modeled the enclosure after the SB 2000, one thing was clear buying speakers from a reputable source yields amazing results.

[@yaghiyahbrenner8902]

amplifiers are cheaper than speakers to develop , so the market is a land fill of rubbish, and to compensate for this, kw amplifiers are driving cheaply made speakers.

[@2469jwhite]

I love learning the small things. What your showing and educating others are small but Vital to really know sound. I would like to hear your take on poly fill,, there isnt a sales man out there that if you ask how to make my woofer box play lower that want tell or try to sell you on putting poly fill in the box. What effects does this cause and why would be cool to know. Keep up the good job. Thanks

[@paulthompson9668]

Can you do a video on feed-forward based controllers used to compensate for non-linearities of the loudspeaker?

[@txmaxt]

Good vid as always. My question is what exactly does rms means when talking about power handling. Some say it's half the peak power handling I say it's not Then I get into forum arguments..

[@morganbills2749]

not a professional here, but normally its what the company rates the sub can play on until the cows come home. it's normally how much power the coil can take without overheating at all, but sometimes it can be the suspension or surround limits to. at least that's my take on it take it for what you will.(also just on a sidenote, peak power handling is an very varying non consistent thing so idk how you would use peak power to measure rms)

[@misho2184]

@@morganbills2749 PEAK power means NOTHING !!! My home made (very small, only 1 litre volume per box - using a SINGLE 3" Anthony Gallo FULL RANGE driver) can handle a FEW THOUSANDS watts !!! - BUT for the period of 0,0000000001 milliseconds ONLY ! (In REAL life, say 200 or 300 watts impulse will DESTROY the speakers in a second) ! There are TOO MANY FACTORS to be taken when determining RMS (Root Means Square)! WATTS are simply VOLTS times AMPERES - (V x A = W). Have a look (for example KEF B-139 driver) - made in the '70's is still one of the best drivers ever produced in that price range, and is rated by KEF that it can handle 15 VOLTS ! Read the facts sheet for ANY 70's KEF drivers, OR read the specs for KEF's "Concerto" speakers which were sold as DIY projects - you will learn A LOT about acoustics, and speaker design in general.

[@briankeith1007]

Hello Pete,is it good to use a Dayton audio DAT,to check for T/s parameters of a sub?

[@yaghiyahbrenner8902]

if you can do speaker sensitivity next.

[@KALTBLUTWOLF1]

Why did you disable ratings? Can't see why this should be a controversal topic...

[@FMATTV1986]

I Bought Some Subs that has no Spec data in the boxes nor website and when i email the Company i got no response. We dont hardware to test it manually so is there any recommendation for an Enclosure. They are 12 Inch, Single 8ohms, 150RMS. From the looks of it I would say about 10mm Excursion Peak to Peak. Any help would be Appreciated. Subs Are Powebass PX-128

[@dvcsub]

Pete can you briefly explain what’s the difference between X-max And X-mech. I know that X-max is linear but what I don’t understand is how can full excursion (X-mech) not stay “linear” the cone is just moving in and out. It’s held centered by the spider and surround isn’t it? If it was not centered at full travel then the coil would hit the motor?

[@MattP613]

HexiBase with the exception of JBLs DDD ;)

[@dvcsub]

HexiBase Now I feel dumb. So then, linearity just means the measurement in mm of the distance the cone can travel before it starts losing control to the suspension? By losing control I mean that the cone is just tossing back and forth instead of being controlled precisely by the amplifier??? I remember you saying something like that years ago in one of your videos about the DDZ12s you were going to put in your Grand Vitara.

[@MattP613]

dvcsub xmax is measured to 70% bl, where xmech is voice coil height minus the height of the gap, devided by 2.

[@jacobcotner3319]

If you dont mind me asking, what are a couple books that you would reccomend for someone trying to learn more about enclosure designs, and port tuning? I would love to learn, or have the formulas needed to calculate tuning by hand.

[@dominator_6068]

Very very informative man nice work. Wish I had seen this before I bought my MOJO.

[@cromagnon305]

Dr. Hexibase, what parameters should one look for for infinite baffle/freeair setups in vehicles?

[@cromagnon305]

@@HexiBase thank you sir!

[@michaelfrancis1]

Watch out for fake acoustic news! ;) Very informative series! Thanks! Circa Nacho Libre: Now go away... Reed some books lol You haven't mentioned Jensen, that I've noticed. Breakthroughs Shortfalls I'm curious of your thoughts

[@Mkvy]

Come on, show us your modelling software. How you developed it, would be a great showcase for the community.

[@shean-koklim4197]

Where were you all my life!

[@408SPLKINGS]

Love Hexi videos Extremely informative & educational My conclusions : Someone please finance Peter so he can design speakers & enclosures. Peter must be a robot or have artificial intelligence 😁😁😁

[@fatfreesalami]

love your videos

[@KALTBLUTWOLF1]

Sorry for the kind of off topic question but I thought this might be a well educated community here. I want to get a new 2.1 setup. I kind of settled on the Swan M300 and the SVS PB-3000. Problem is that the Swans are active speakers with either digital or RCA analogue input. The SVS has only RCA analogue input. I thought about using it's 80 Hz high pass filter and send that filtered signal to the speakers. How would I go about setting these up? The sub wants a pre amped signal according to it's manual. I guess the speakers don't like an amped signal since they are active speakers. So, as I see it I can either go into the sub with a weak DAC output and then into the speakers or buy a preamp/DAC-preamp combo but would the speakers like that? Luv u all :*

[@KALTBLUTWOLF1]

@@HexiBase I've seen a review about it but how would that help here? Isn't it acutally just a DAC with EQ?

[@KALTBLUTWOLF1]

@@HexiBase Yes, I should give the MiniDSPs another chance I guess but my actual question was if the SVS PB-3000 will be fine with a not pre amped signal. So one that a normal DAC would put out. Such as a Schiit Magni 3.

[@carlosoliveira-rc2xt]

@@KALTBLUTWOLF1 How would you then apply volume?

[@KALTBLUTWOLF1]

@@carlosoliveira-rc2xtI want to connect these to a PC and control the volume from there. Sorry, I thought this would be obvious that my source would be able to control the volume. I guess to use a PC as source isn't too normal for many applications :D

[@danoseus]

Hey, I rebuilded old infinity closed sub. I replaced 2 6.5" inch "subwoofers" with cheap woofers and added one dayton bassshaker inside box for low vibrations. It sounds much better than I expected. What you think about combination basshakers with subs ?

[@clementc7297]

Thanks sharing. Can you recommend a good book covering this?

[@JEG6919]

Cool videos. Thanks for educating the masses.

[@speakerpat]

This exact problem happened to me. I just bought a 10" Philips sub off eBay that seems to not even exist. You literally cant find anything except one German forum post, one site which lists 3 parameters and an KZbin video. The only 3 parameters I could find were the VAS the QTS and the FS. I added the SD and ZNOM and there we go, I had to guess all of the other parameters. Its really annoying and the biggest reason I will buy myself Daytons Dats system asap.. Oh, and this was also the first time I worked with winisd and it was hard to get into it but I would never spend money for Bass Box so I guess I will have to get along with this program. Or do you know alternatives?

[@JoshM7]

Pat Yeah I see people saying their going to buy a certain sub and ask how it'll perform and I tell them to not bother with it as the T/S specs seem non existent at least when I google it. If you have to try that hard to find T/S specs, probably better to move on to sometime better.

[@noelbostrom5834]

I noticed u didn’t mention anything about Xmax, since most software i’ve came across needs this is there any way to calculate it?

[@littleshopOFchaos]

Hey hexi can we have your opinion on the drama going on with Rockville Audio and other brands that got involved? I would be interested to see your take on the situation. I feel like there could be some explanation for it all on the tech side.

[@Mirabove_DK]

How are the T/S prarameters actualy messured ?

[@Mirabove_DK]

@@HexiBase yes.. well i thinks so :) .. was wondering about the different divices and systems are used to get the parameters from a "unknows" / New unit. eg if one find an old unit without any markings or if on builds a new unit

[@SpudicusMaximus]

@@HexiBase Do you have any opinions on the Dayton Audio DATS V2?

[@CoreMaster111]

I need to know Mms for my sub but I don't have Mmd or Cms...

[@Nai7s]

were are your old vlogs pete ? :) they were so good videos :(

[@delusionwalker8852]

I am that guy who really needs to see it (again) so I am going to share it with myself!

[@justingillette8287]

why are all these specs taken when the driver is new aka not broken in? I am under the understanding that there is a pretty significant difference... Good job again Pete good content man. Let us never again buy a cone radiating coil transducer speaker again with out being provided the T/S parameters, we vow!

[@isaeagle4031]

Generally changes between new and broken in are subtle. And most likely not enough to greatly alter the alignment.

[@justingillette8287]

that must just be the case!!!

[@NetworkJames]

Are you giving out or selling the STL because I want it!!!

[@jesuraja553]

Hi Their, I would like to learn complete Amp & speaker box building course, Anybody please suggest

[@f.c.caetano]

Your videos are highly technical, congratulations for the awesome work Have you considered making any kind of DIY project and publishing it on YT? Best wishes from a fan here in Brazil.

[@steveo1574]

@hexibase Can you recommend any other songs, please. I really enjoyed Shed by Shebbe

[@airfly159]

So how do I calculate sd ?

[@speakerpat]

You just measure the diameter of the cone + half of the surround

[@speakerpat]

@@HexiBase Oh yeah, thanks for adding the rest, I totally forgot about calculating the surface area 😅👍

[@airfly159]

HexiBase thank you very much! You just helped a 14 y/o who has an awesome chassis laying around at home with out the damn sd value on its data sheet

[@misho2184]

@patk2 You have "the BEST bass sound in the world"... Reminds me about the story when the frog from the well saw the ocean. -------------------------------------- P.S. As an Audio Enthusiast (with 35+ years exprce.) - designing various speaker designs - a few years ago l FINALLY designed the "SUBWOOFER FROM MY DREAMS" ! - SHE COST ME NEARLY TWO YEARS OF MY LIFE, OVER $400.000 IN RESEARCH AND DESIGN - AND I THOUGHT THAT I'VE REACHED "THE "HOLLY GRAIL OF BASS". (2Hz low bottom). UNTIL a few years ago at the HIGH END audio show conference (in Germany) I've heard a BETTER CONTROLLED BASS FROM (xyz Co.) Costing 10 times more in price than l was planned to wholesale my design, and we are talking US $160.000 vs US1.6 million, (their SUB). AFTER coming home searching for my mistake, after a week or so l've discovered that l made a small mistake while calculating T/S parameters. THEY ARE EXTREMELY IMPORTANT!!! WITHOUT THEM, it is nearly impossible to design a speaker enclosure. LIKE HAVING MATHEMATICS WITHOUT NUMBERS! IMPOSSIBLE! THANK YOU Dr. Thielle and Prof. Small ! They are BOTH Australians !!!!

[@wildosvt]

thank you my good man.

[@jedpetersen3806]

EMF Audio should be watching this.

[@jedpetersen3806]

@@HexiBase just putting it out there, I really think the content of your show is perfect for the audio community. There are a lot of people out there spreading misinformation and if ya try to ask them why they think so they get defensive and can't give a reason why and that's really to bad, this stuff is fun and there's always something to learn!

[@jeffreyallen3796]

Thank you for the music & information

[@Nightjar726]

How can we work backwards and upgrade the woofers in our existing speakers? That is, if we know the volume of the cabinet and port tuning and size, can we see if other woofers will work well in the existing cabinet? Thanks ! Great videos

[@LukeRT]

Just out of curiosity what nationality are you? I've been watching your videos for a few years now what happened to the vlogging from way back when.

[@sbeezynukka]

Luke I want to say I recall Pete saying he’s of polish descent. It’s been forever so my memory isn’t 100% certain

[@LukeRT]

@@sbeezynukka Thanks for the reply :) , he still with his lady?

[@MAYDAYDEEJAY]

Peter, all nice and all that, but what about the actual sound measurements with proper mic and decent software to confirm that calculations and the influence of the car interior don’t mess up ? Untreated car with rattling body work will definitely ruin even the best subwoofer in the best and most optimised enclosure...

[@MAYDAYDEEJAY]

And I know that You know, but it would be worth mentioning