History of Ancient Egypt: Dynasty XIX - Ramesses II, the Battle of Kadesh and the Israel Stela

In this program we'll take a close look at the 19th Dynasty of ancient Egypt. It's a dynasty filled with greatness but also a lot of controversy. We'll meet several important pharaoh's including the dynasty's founder, Ramesses I, his highly capable son, Seti I, the famous Ramesses II (Ramesses the Great), Merenptah, Seti II, the controversial Amenmesse, Siptah and the female ruler Tausret, as well as important events such as the Battle of Kadesh. We'll also examine noteworthy temples and objects including the sanctuary of Abu Simbel and the Israel stela. Dynasty 19 is one of the most famous in Egyptian history so you won't want to miss this!
Contents:
00:00 Intro
01:11 Horemheb and the End of the 18th Dynasty
04:01 Paramessu / Ramesses I
06:02 Seti I
07:07 The Abydos King List
11:21 The Hittites and Trouble in Canaan
16:35 Ramesses II (Ramesses the Great)
18:08 The Battle of Kadesh
30:17 Peace of Kadesh
35:14 The Many Wives and Children of Ramesses II
38:20 Ramesses II the Builder
42:54 Egyptian Government Under Ramesses II
46:30 Merenptah
49:10 The Israel Stela
52:21 Civil War: Seti II and Amenesse
54:47 Siptah the Boy King
58:56 Tausret, the Controversial Female Pharaoh
01:02:21 Thank You and Patrons
Related Videos:
History of Ancient Egypt: Dynasty XVIII - Egypt's Golden Age and the Start of the New Kingdom
• History of Ancient Egy...
Ancient Egypt Dynasty by Dynasty Playlist: • Ancient Egypt Dynasty ...
Ancient Egypt Dynasty by Dynasty - Dynasty XVII - Second Intermediate Period - War with the Hyksos
• History of Ancient Egy...
Machinimas created using Total War: Rome 2 Age of Bronze mod
Sources and Suggested Reading:
The Rise and Fall of Ancient Egypt - Toby Wilkinson
A History of Ancient Egypt - Marc Van De Mieroop
The Egyptians - Cyril Aldred
Poisoned Legacy: The Fall of the Nineteenth Egyptian Dynasty - Aidan Dodson
Ancient Egyptian Literature: Volume II: The New Kingdom - Miriam Lichtheim
Ramesses: Egypt's Greatest Pharaoh - Joyce Tyldesley
Ramesses the Great: Egypt's King of Kings - Toby Wilkinson
The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt - Ian Shaw
Chronicle of the Pharaohs - Peter A. Clayton
Ancient Egyptian Imperialism - Ellen Morris
Civilizations of the Ancient Near East - Jack M. Sasson (Editor)
Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Vol. I - Donald B. Redford (Editor)
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Music:
Epidemic Sound
#egypt #ancienthistory #bronzeage

[@imperiumbrasiliae]

Ramesses II the monarch that ruled longer than all the other members of his dynasty+ Horemheb combined

[@sapiensursus3034]

And for it saw so many family members die. The ancient world is tragic.

[@roykay4709]

Incredibly detailed description of the rise and fall of this dynasty - and the staging of what would become the Bronze Age Collapse.

[@IStevenSeagal]

The rise of Agamemnon.

[@Pete-yr9mt]

​@@IStevenSeagal40:30

[@historywithsnave672]

This is awesome! I'm absolutely fascinated with ancient egypt, and I've been making a series of my own on my channel, covering the entirety of ancient egypt's history. I just made a video covering Hatshepsut and Thutmose III, so this is a good one to go to next!

[@ancientsitesgirl]

Thanks Cy for starting the weekend with your amazing content. Finally, the continuation of my favorite series💗

[@beepboop204]

🙃🙂🙃🙂

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks, always appreciate it that you tune in to watch these. D20 next! Thanks for watching!

[@almitrahopkins1873]

@@HistorywithCyThese are very helpful. My field of study is Theology and they give me a “Kings list” better than the ones composed in antiquity. The period between Amenhotep IV and Ramesses I is likely the point where the later Judean kingdom actually started, but you have to peel away the exaggerated bits from the story to separate the historical Moshe from the legendary Moshe.

[@bethbartlett5692]

​@@HistorywithCy Where do you get your Energy!?! You must work Tiresly, I use to but ... there must be some strong Virgo and Mars energies in your Personal Makeup, DNA, etc. (Ancient Vedic Astrology cross my H8story path and so I studied it for 4 years, and contine to study the it + the History of it. That ny M.O., I dont just accept a textbook, if a subject is of interest, I research and study the History of it. Did that on the subject if Christain Religion, (Yale, Professor Dale Martin, excellent Academic Professional and Instructor), even though I didn't agree with all if his oerspective, I certainly do about 90% + his Ethics and Wisdom. You might like it, even just 1 of his Class Instructions. He may he the best Instructor I ever experienced, and I have sat through a number ... That class can be audited on YiuTube now! Free! Dale Martin in action. (HISTORY:New Testament Era). Yale University

[@d.r.n.9892]

@@beepboop204

[@drfiggles]

You’ve quickly become one of my favorite history KZbinrs and it’s insane you don’t have higher numbers because I don’t think many go in such depth as you do in your videos so a big thanks is in order.

[@JonnoPlays]

I gotta start this series from the beginning! Thank you!! 🙏

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks! Yeah it's been a fun journey...I think the first one (Dynasty 0) came out about 2 years ago. I definitely want to revisit some of those topics. Thanks again for tuning in, really thrilled you're enjoying these!

[@PenguinofD00mxxx]

Another wonderful production. The channel's growth is well deserved!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks, glad you enjoyed this and more on the way!

[@andrewwinslow9315]

cheers to the next hour! can't wait!!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thank you for watching, really appreciate it!

[@shipsey2]

Yessss I know what I'm watching before bed keep up the awesome work I'm glad I found your channel

[@HistorywithCy]

Haha I generally finish uploading and releasing these really late at night/morning (in this case 2AM) and afterwards just go to sleep.. I'm always amazed that there are so many of you out there who sacrifice your sleep to watch these...it really humbles me and I feel so grateful for all of you who tune in to see the latest video...motivates me to put out more for you all. Thank you for watching, really means a lot!

[@Bufoferrata]

Been waiting for this one! And Cy DELIVERS!!! Just terrific!

[@HistorywithCy]

Glad you enjoyed it! D20 up next, stay tuned!

[@Bufoferrata]

@@HistorywithCy: Bring on the Sea Peoples! I can"t wait!

[@mcjohnston2010]

I actually heard that George Santos turned the tide for the Egyptians at the Battle of Kadesh.

[@joshuadk13]

George Santos was actually one of Rameses II’s sons

[@eve3614]

Been waiting for this one most of all! Thanks Cy!

[@HistorywithCy]

My pleasure, hope you enjoyed it!

[@AngryHistorian87]

I cannot wait for you to cover the 20th dynasty and the Third Intermediate & Late Periods.

[@HistorywithCy]

On the way! Hope to finish those by the end of the year, stay tuned and thanks for watching!

[@ulissesdamottacosta]

Hands down the best KZbin series! Keep going with the great work. ❤

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks my friend, glad you're enjoying the series and at least 8-10 more episodes on the way, stay tuned! Thanks for watching!

[@user-fc7is6jo2e]

Outstanding! Thank you for making and sharing this. I always look forward to your brilliant videos.

[@HistorywithCy]

You're welcome and thanks for continuing to watch these! D20 and other stuff on the way soon, stay tuned!

[@1_rma]

Wonderful detail! Im soon going to start a project of a 20th dynasty every month and this is some great context!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks, glad this was helpful! Will be starting work on D20 soon, stay tuned and thanks for watching!

[@patrickotis3884]

Always look forward to these. Thanks Cy!

[@adrianobier7593]

Thank you for another great video! This series is so exciting. When you finish it, I will go back to the start and watch the whole thing yet again.

[@Katja-pi1wm]

Dude. It's not lost on us that you make everything with love. It's so appreciated. Keep on keeping on. Xx

[@Kryszoo]

Great content. I've just finished watching all the previous episodes 2 days ago. Can't wait for the 3rd Intermediate Period.

[@JustPlayingTheClassics]

Been eagerly awaiting ! 🎉

[@oragamiowl5031]

Love these videos! Can’t wait for the next Dynasty.

[@bettylaselli2048]

Great work! Thanks for sharing ❤

[@HistorywithCy]

Thank you, glad you enjoyed this!

[@robbirobrob9979]

OMG finally! Thx for doing this. ❤

[@ruthnovena40]

Excellent presentation. informative and enjoyable to watch.

[@tomnoddy1]

Thanks, Cy. Keep it coming. This Dynasty by Dynasty series is excellent. I can't wait to cover Ramesses III reign and the later 25th Dynasty of Nubian Pharoahs.

[@ogun9645]

Nubia and anciet egypt was black africans brothers so much a like

[@Rocinante2300]

Another fine addition to the Egyptian collection!

[@giantenemybird2687]

LET'S GOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO. Thank you for doing these.

[@joeshmoe8345]

Amazing, thanks for sharing this with us big dog!

[@Bananadiva1]

I can't wait for the next instalment!!

[@carlebcokel1303]

LETS GOOO been waiting on this video

[@richardbrook4545]

An hour of Ancient Egyptian history! Let's go!

[@HistorywithCy]

Thank you for watching!

[@benandring365]

Yes, it is finally here!

[@HistorywithCy]

Hope you enjoyed it and thanks for watching!

[@cyborcghost]

My favorite KZbin channel

[@pablowentscobar]

This was fascinating, and you are a very entertaining narrator. I find a history channel I really enjoy, and it has to be perfect, then I watch literally every video they make while I fall asleep. I end up watching every video like 3 times because I always restart the video a little before I fell asleep so I'm sure to watch the whole thing. Last 3 were "The Histocrat" "Flash Point History" and "Fall Of Civilizations" I'm exited I found you. I really enjoy your work. Good stuff, thanks!

[@thehunter9430]

Another great video

[@sjoerdjuxta]

your videos are the best

[@HistorywithCy]

Thank you, appreciate the kind words... and thanks for watching!

[@jennypoussin3866]

You never fail to deliver Cy! Another GREAT one! 💗

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks so much, really appreciate the support and glad you've been enjoying these!

[@KEvronista]

at last! the dynasty we've all been waiting for! KEvron

[@YadinZedek777]

👀😳🫡🙏 thank you 👏👏👏

[@HistorywithCy]

You're welcome, hope you enjoy it and thanks for watching!

[@YadinZedek777]

​​@@HistorywithCy horemheb and/or Ay according to Jewish History timeline would be the pharaoh of the Exodus 1313BCE 💥💪

[@mtathos_]

Great video as always! please make more stuff on greece, I long for it

[@HistorywithCy]

Thank you! And you're in luck... I'm leaving for Greece today to film some content for future videos, stay tuned and thanks for watching!

[@michellejnickel]

HELL YES, I have strep throat rn and this made my painful day just a little bit better. Well actually alot better.

[@kkupsky6321]

Omg I got so psyched. Do it to it. Cy kills and tells great history. Wonderful fellow. Great guy. I wanna make you art. One of these days….

[@loke6664]

Great episode. I am a bit skeptical of the claim that Jewish people built Pi-Ramses before they fled back to Israel, for among other reasons the fact that Ramses controlled that as well at the time. To me it would be likelier that such an event would have happened during Ramses IIIs reign instead for several reasons. First of all, Ramses III did not control Israel. Secondly, we do have evidence of a Jewish settlement in Egypt during the 19th dynasty which seems to have held mostly traders and craftsmen, it seems to have been pretty prosperous until trade and resources started to dry up when the Bronze age collapse hit during Ramses IIIs reign. Their money must have dried up then and foreigners during an economic crisis are treated well. And with Ramses II controlling all the land from Egypt to Israel, I don't see even a relatively small group escaping like that, he had a rather massive army and control of the land. Ramses III on the other hand was far weaker and the attack of the Sea people certainly didn't help even if Ramses III won. I don't really trust the Bibles numbers for the event either, if such a large Jewish population had lived in Egypt they would have left more traces but we do have evidence for at least few thousands Jews so I do think they actually left but it do sounds like something more likely during the Bronze age collapse then during one of the most prosperous periods Egypt ever had. It would also explain the lack of Egyptian records of the event, the records started to get spotty during Ramses IIIs time since things didn't go very well so leaving out such an event there would be far likelier then during Ramses IIs far better documented reign. As for the battle of Khadesh, that was certainly a draw. No land changed hands and both sides signed a cease fire while declaring victory at home. Sounds rather typical like a draw and similar things have even happened in modern times (Ia Drang valley is a good example, both sides declared themselves winners there too and it didn't impact the Vietnam war really for either side). Neither Egypt or the Hittites could really afford to keep fighting with the losses they had since if they did, the Hittites would be attacked by the Assyrians and Egypt would be in problem with the Libyans and Kushites. I doubt Ramses killed 100 000 Hittites but a third of that would still have been painful and Ramses losses were likely similar in number and a drawn out war would have been bad for both sides. Well, I could see someone like Tutmoses III keep on going but I think he was a step more competent general then Ramses II, Ramses were far from incompetent but neither was he a military genius and I get the feeling he preffered to build impressive buildings in peace then to be involved in an all out war with another super power. He was kinda forced to field an army and attack unless he wanted the Hittites to take over the entire area and did an adequate job with it.

[@supermanhun]

Nice been watching this series for awhile now cant wait until it in modern day lol

[@kaarlimakela3413]

Alright! Rubbing hands together in anticipation! Yipee! 😊 ❤ 3 cheers for the Great Belzoni ...

[@user-dh1zg5dq7d]

Heavy metal music when war is coming. Nice touch.

[@thehunter9430]

🎉great content

[@Goonwithatireiron823]

Bring us next dynasty!!

[@kaarlimakela3413]

In your depiction of the Battle of Kadesh, 22-23rd minute I think, I see westnw of Kadesh a coastal town named Sumur. The Chaldean connection? 🤔

[@BiggestCorvid]

Whyyy wasn't I notified yesterday😢😢

[@Streetsam]

Great!

[@strategicprepper2648]

Wow. Excellent! Beyond excellent!!! I assume dynasty 20 has not been produced yet? I have watched from the beginning through D 19.

[@HistorywithCy]

Thank you, really glad you've been enjoying these! Dynasty 20 will be out in a few days, just finishing it up. Thanks for watching!

[@ancienthistorygaming]

You should review TW Pharaoh when it comes out.

[@HistorywithCy]

Will definitely check out the game after it comes out in October...since it's supposed to take place around the time of the 20th dynasty, it'll be perfect for the next video of the series!

[@Richard47484]

Well done condensing the 19th dynasty into an hour. Looking forward to seeing your video on the 20th, which is the poor relation of the New Kingdom dynasties.

[@cal2127]

rameses might be the first recorded account of a commoner being promoted to king

[@johnnysmall]

Let’s goooooooo!!!

[@kelso7206]

YES!!!!

[@awuma]

15:18 Nice simulation of a charge of Hittite chariots, showing their heavier construction compared with the very light and elegant Egyptian chariots, but I believe the Hittite chariots carried three soldiers (as opposed to two in the Egyptian ones). I think the Egyptian chariots were used for fast hit and run archery passes, whereas the Hittites were more adapted for contact fighting. 20:24 conversely, the pretty Egyptian chariots had a crew of two: the archer, and the driver. We are misled by the monumental art showing just one occupant (the King) charging into battle, and chariots used for transportation (e.g. in the Amarna reliefs showing Akhenaten and Nefertiti each in their own chariot, though sometimes together in one). Chariots were very much the prestige sports cars of the rich during the New Kingdom.

[@TheRedneckPreppy]

Super episode Cy -- I was eager for the next installment of this series.

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks, glad you enjoyed it! The next installment hopefully will be out in November... I have a surprise for y'all as to why. Thanks again for always tuning in!

[@ssun190]

Ram-ass the badass. Lets goooooo

[@kidmohair8151]

well. that's the big boys done. phew! on to the 20th! excelsior!

[@kidmohair8151]

okay okay XXth

[@flioink]

Ashkelon gets a mention too 🤟

[@SisterWomen]

What happened to his sarcophagus? Because for me his missing grave goods are a great and important mystery. Why would the looter of his tomb leave Tuts riches intact? Some state sanctioned action must have ordered the staging of the tombs after they were evacuated.

[@RFmath_]

Who's sarcophagus? Dynasty 22 ordered a lot of state sanctioned tomb robbing as well as other dynasties throughout the third intermediate period. King tut's tomb was broken into twice but the looters must've been caught fairly quickly. Tut's tomb was modest in size and very low to the ground compared to other tombs. Ramses the VI's tomb (KV9) was built near by and higher up. Debris from construction and the craftmen's huts concealed the entrance of king tut's tomb, and because King Tut was obscure and historically insignificant.. people forgot about him. The other bigger tombs from more well known pharoahs were the ones robbed.

[@jimmyscherwitz5631]

Props on the merch, Cy! It’s a shining beacon in the otherwise morose and completely lazy attempts by some channels.

[@raedkhouryjo]

Thank you for this effort

[@JacquesMare]

Cy...... you don't upload to Spotify anymore..... why Cy, why?

[@IStevenSeagal]

Canaan was part of the Levant.

[@JulienCohenMusic]

Why not talking about the ipuwer papyrus? It's not during the 19th?

[@dallasgreen378]

I've always wondered if the Egyptian Pharaohs actually believe they were gods. Even though they died and were injured and got sick just like everyone else.

[@numinous2506]

What book of the Bible is Kadesh mentioned?

[@Talkshowhorse_Echna]

I am not an expert on the bible but if I remeber correctly its not mentioned. But the battle of megiddo is.

[@SkyFly19853]

I have a question: Who was the ancient trible who founded Ancient Egypt ? I tried to find the name on the net, but there seems be NO answer.

[@Talkshowhorse_Echna]

Its not one tribe but a mixture of many. What you are looking for is the timeline of Fayum, Nabta Playa to Naqada and pre dynastic times. As far as I know we can date back settlements to 8000 bc and before. To go through all of that takes a lot of time.

[@SkyFly19853]

@@Talkshowhorse_Echna So, what is it supposed to be called ? I tried to find the exact name on the net... But it was unclear.

[@kurobeard9467]

He already gave you the answer. The ancient Egyptians were diverse so there were multiple tribes. The tribe with the most influence would probably be the Naqada.@@SkyFly19853

[@ogun9645]

​@@kurobeard9467all were black african

[@WanderingCoyoteXVII]

I always like when you bring in the heavy metal to go with a Bronze Age a**-whoopin'.

[@huitzilopochli1976]

FEED THE ALGORITHM

[@beepboop204]

[@JulienCohenMusic]

I think you were a bit weak on the story of horemheb, a lot of things you didn't say. He's not 19th century but he's important even for the 19th

[@SobekLOTFC]

Wake up, bro new Cy just dropped Hail βασιλεύς!

[@henkstersmacro-world]

👍👍👍

[@HistorywithCy]

Thanks man!

[@docvaliant721]

Rameses the ginger

[@paragon7atl]

E1b1a. God id good.

[@almitrahopkins1873]

Paramessu? I think we may have found the Pi-Ramesses from the Old Testament Exodus story. It may not have been a city they built, but a unified kingdom. I have been trying to figure out where that part of the narrative could have come from originally for years. There are bits and pieces like Mitanni being called Midian and the Golden Calf being a statue of Hathor during the restoration of the temples, but I never thought about the building of Pi-Ramesses being the military campaign to bring the rebellious territory in Canaan back under control under Ramesses I. The city by that name was too far into the 19th Dynasty for it to have been the source, but Paramessu does fit. It puts it back into that period between Amenhotep IV and Ramesses I. You just made somebody who studied theology very happy. Pi-Ramesse and Paramessu are spelled the same in Hebrew. That could put the date for the Exodus earlier than most theologians assume it to be because it was the king they left from, not the city.

[@PopGoesTheology]

27:00 "Then the vile chief of Hatti wrote and worshiped my name like that of RA saying, 'you are Seth, Ball in person. The dread of you is a fire in the land of Hatti.' He sent his Envoy with a letter in his hand, addressed to the great Name of my Majesty. 'Your servant speaks to let it be known that you are the son of RA, who came from his body. He has given you all the lands together. As for the land of Egypt and the land of Hatti, they are your servants under your feet. Do not overwhelm us. Low, your might is great! Your strength is heavy upon the land of Hatti. Is it good that you slay your servants, your face savage towards them without pity? Be not hard in your dealings, victorious King! Peace is better than fighting. Give us breath!' His majesty returned in peace to Egypt with his infantry and his chariotry. All life, stability and dominion being with him and the gods and goddesses protecting his body. He had crushed all lands through fear of him. His Majesty's strength had protected his army. All Foreign lands gave praise to his fair face."

[@evag4535]

Handsome black pharaoh….

[@Mamay_vessa]

I need text 😭 translate

[@staystrong8966]

Wait wait wait wait. Are you saying that Rameses II married 4 of his own *daughters*??? That is beyond fucked up.

[@thiagoefs13]

Ramses II looked like Moses.

[@rachaelsdaddontdrink]

Ramses II looked like Yul Brenner...

[@user-ri6oo9lw3j]

GOD is great

[@anasevi9456]

Was the Egyptian account of the Battle of Kadesh likely a lot of trumped up propaganda: Yes. Are the stiff lips of the Hittites over it, as were commemorative monument builders too, indicative they likely came out the worse: Also yes!

[@tsukun16]

Dont know why everybody was excited for the usurpers

[@SomeMan001]

I wonder why not mentioning the real name of Egypt that is mentioned in both the Bible and Amarna Letters and is still used in the region until now "Missir".

[@deviantoutcast]

Well, there would be a few resons this, but first: Let's establish what's ment by "the real name" of Egypt. When you say the "real name" of a place (in this case the Ancient nation state of modern day Egypt), it can only be understood as the name by which it is known by its inhabitants, in their native language. The same goes for other place names like names of towns or villages, regions etc., as well as personal names of people, businesses, streets, and so on. For a modern day example, let's take the German city of Munich: Munich is the English name. The city's *_real_* name is *_München_* and - just to add to that - if we continue down that same line it's not a city in Germany, it's a city in *_Deutschland._* Deutschland being the "real name" while "Germany" is the name used in English. No german would ever call themselves "german", nor say that they live in "Germany", unless of course they are speaking English. I understand if all that seems redundant and self-evident, but as it is key to answer your question I feel it's important to point out and make as clear as possible in order to avoid any misunderstandings. Now, let's proceed to the "real name" of Ancient Egypt: The fact of the matter is that Egypt, at no point in its 5000+ year history, went by the name "Missir". I.e. "Missir" was never, and has never, been the "real name" of Egypt. It's real name, during the ancient era, was *_Kmt_* - for reasons of ease of pronunciation, you'll often see it written as "Kemet", but the phonetic value of the word as it's written in Ancient Egyptian is "kmt". However, none of the books of the Old Testament were written in - or by - Ancient Egyptian. Likewise, the Amarna Letters - found at the ancient site of Egypt's religious capital during the reign of Akhenaten, near modern day Amarna, wasn't written in - or by - Ancient Egyptian. While found *_in_* Egypt, and addressed to the Egyptian king, the Amarna Letters are a collection of 382 clay tablets written in cuneiform script, in a dialect of the Akkadian language that are heavily influenced by the writers native language: a form of Proto-Canaanite that later developed into Hebrew and Hebrew's daughter languages. Hope that helped answering your question! Be well, take care and remember: Stay Safe, and Stay Sane Cheers!

[@SomeMan001]

This is the common reply we always read when this is mentioned.@@deviantoutcast KMT refers to the cultivated lands in the country as DSHRT refers to the sandy lands and the confusion between this and Missir coming from not understanding the culture and habits that is inherited and still used in todays language between the natives. The example of German and Deutschland doesn't apply here because you forgot important thing that the name Egypt was used by the Greeks to refer to the Greek settlers in Missir lands.

[@deviantoutcast]

​@@SomeMan001 1. I made the comparison with München/Munich and Germany/Deutschland in an effort to, in a very simplified manner, try and bring my point into the modern world. There are all sorts of people out there in the comment sections; all sorts, with differing level of education, knowledge within a specific subject, thought patterns, and ways of comprehending and acquiring in information. Which makes it difficult to know how, on what level, and the depth and width you need to express yourself so that your efforts aren't just time thrown in the wind for nothing. It's unfortunate that I seem to have done just that, as it seems my previous comment didn't - so to speak - reach it's target. That's my bad. 2. Take it for what it is, or - if that suits you more - for what you want, but as this very much *_is_* my life, and - if I have any at all - my area of expertise. I'm *not* saying I'm an expert, because I'm not. BUT I do at least have an M.A in Egyptology, and I also have an M.A in archaeology. Ergo: If I am anything, I'm an Egyptologist and an archaeologist. Which, if you don't mind me saying so, makes your assumption that my claims stems from a lack of understanding the subject, either pure, unfounded misconception on your part. OR weird, and possibly very worrisome not just for me, personally, but for our entire educational system. And since the uniformity and standardization of higher learning within the EU in the late 1990's, "our" would indicate the entire European continent. Which would be very worrisome indeed! 3. dšrt, in the meaning "the Red Land", is spelled with the determinative depicting a mountain range (Gardiner's Signlist sign N25 𓈉 ). This determinative is used to denote foreign lands, and land that is not viable for agriculture and therefore is seen as uninhabitable. Which includes the desert that encapsulates the fertile land in the Nile valley. 4. While, Yes, the desert - the Red Land -very much was an important part of ancient Egypt and represented as such in multiple ways permeating the Ancient Egyptian culture, religion, and thought, the part that the Egyptian people identified themselves as part of, wasn't the desert, but the rich, fertile area of the Black Land - kmt. 5. While tempting, because as I said: *_this is_* "my" subject. It's my passion. My joy. My life. And it has been for more than three decades. I won't go deeper into the wonderful, intricate, crevices of Ancient Egyptian thought, and how it relates to and underlines with apparency the truth of my statement. In part because it's a beautiful, sunny day outside, and I was _really_ hoping to get out there before it's too late, and time's getting short. And, in part because I'm trying not to make the same mistake as last time. 6. The fact that the word "Egyptians" in Ancient Egyptian is kmt and spelled with determinatives A1 𓀀 , B1 𓁐 (i.e man and woman, indicating "people"), and Z2 𓏥 (i.e. indicating plurality). And the fact that the word kmt - as in the Black Land/Egypt - is spelled with determinative O49 𓊖 which is used exclusively to indicate areas of land that are settled. Such as names of towns, cities, villages etc., and inhabited land that the ancient Egyptians didn't consider as foreign. I.e what's now known as "Egypt". 7. It's very unclear to me why you insert ancient Greek as an argument in a discussion about the name used for Egypt, in *ancient Egyptian* and by the ancient *Egyptians* ? What impact would it - *could* - it have; to what value? Just plain: Why? How? What do you expect from it? Greek - ancient Greek - had no impact on, or were used in any capacity in Egypt until the late 4th century BCE (Alexander the Great, 323 BCE). At that time, Egypt, the world's first nation state, were already *three thousand* years old. For THREE THOUSAND YEARS the Egyptians called their land kmt. Then came the Greeks. And, in truth, ruined everything, but that's for another day. Point is: Under the Grecco-Roman era in Egypt, because of the ignorance and laziness of the Greek pharaohs, aka the Ptolemaios or Ptolemaic dynasty, the administrative language used *in Alexandria* was ancient Greek. Because the Ptolemais' were too busy killing their own family members - with the *one* exception: Cleopatra VII Philopator - none of them could be bothered learning Ancient Egyptian. *However!* Outside the palace, outside of the Greek ruling class within the city of Alexandria - the Egyptians continued living as they always had; speaking the language they always had spoken; calling them selves _"the people of kmt"_ and their land _"kmt"_ - just as they always had. Never, not even for half a day, did the people of Ancient Egypt - kmt - call their beloved land "Missir". "Missir" isn't even a word in Ancient Egyptian. *Thus!* the "real name" of Ancient Egypt *was never* - *could* never - *can* never - *Is Not* and *Has Never Been* "Missir". You are simply wrong on that one. With that, before darkness falls, I'm out! Out in nature that is. Be well, and take care Cheers!

[@SomeMan001]

@@deviantoutcast The point is that the name "Egypt" is made up by Greeks, do you understand or I have to repeat again and again? And this video about history and it was expected to mention the name that is still used since then till now. I know you all worship anything comes from Greece bcz of your pagan polytheistic christian background and the respect for Greece in your consciousness but that doesn't change the reality for us and we don't even give any care to this name and simply we use the real name "Messer". I won't bother replying you again.

[@deviantoutcast]

@@SomeMan001 I am well aware of the etymological origin of the name "Egypt". As I apparently didn't state it blatantly enough previously: I did spend six years at university studying to gain my double master degree in Egyptology and archaeology and has been my main focus for the past 25+ years of my life. So yes, I am well aware of the Greek origin of the name "Egypt" and I've never stated anything contrary to that. I did however make the importance of clarifying your intent when using the phrase "the REAL name" very clear from the beginning. I then gave a suggestion based on my interpretation of what you intended using those words. You then chose to carry on, ignoring to rectify my supposition by clarifying what you actually intended. That, my unwilling friend, is how misunderstandings, miscommunication, and unnecessary arguments arise. However, that is what you get when you are more interested in making baseless assertions about the other person's cultural and religious background, knowledge base, bias, and general personality traits. Sadly, it's been painfully obvious from the start that that is exactly where your focus has been, but it is NOT how a conversation is had. The day you realize that, and start to engage with the people you meet - when you act like a civilized, grown up human being and start to LISTEN and TAKE IN what others are saying instead of - as you've done here towards me - pontificating and shamelessly spewing vitriol over someone whose sole transgression was to attempt having a conversation with you. Once you realize these basic facts of reality and decide to become a REAL man, worthy the respect of others, I wholeheartedly GUARANTEE you your life will become far more interesting, and filled with opportunities to exchange ideas, learn, and grow. But, it is 100% up to you. Be a self-absorbed ass hat, or be a man. It's your choice. Until then: take care, avoid sharp edges, and don't forget to exhale. Cheers!

[@MikeScott-ez7iw]

Egypt is in Africa 🌍 it was known as kemet civilization not Egyptian civilization period 💯 true facts

[@makinapacal]

I seriously doubt that there was much or possibly any second day fighting at Kadesh. Instead I suspect Rameses retreated almost immidiately after the battle. Certainly afterwards much of the Egyptian Empire in ther Levant revolted afterwards and Rameses had to spend several campaigns crushing them before he got to grips with the Hittites again. So bluntly the Hittite claim to victory seems more credible. The second day fighting looks like little more than a face saving bit of propaganda by Rameses and what clinches it in my view is the nonsense in the account of Rameses imposing a peace on the Hittites after the second day of fighting. In fact the whole Egyptian account of the battle of Kadesh, if you read it critically looks quite damning. Rameses walks into a Hittite trap with his forces strung out and barely avoids a castrophic defeat with himself killed or captured. Rameses seems to have been to a singular extent rather incompetent before and at the begining of the battle. Looks like a Hittite victory to me.

[@ogun9645]

Black africans history👍🏽

[@IStevenSeagal]

Merneptah stele never says Israel. How did the bible fumper translate "Is. ri. ar" to Israel is beyond me, but we all know why he did that. Fact of the matter is that from 1200 BC the Arameans themselves, Egyptians, Arabs, Assyrians, Persians, Greeks and Romans all called it Palestine.

[@IStevenSeagal]

@@mehrimazedeh Here we go "antisemitism", strike others while you cry. Definition of "crocodile tears". I was only going by facts. The one that translated the Merneptah stele was a dzionist bible fumper who wanted to prove that a land called Israel existed, the other steles that supposedly mentions Israel were translated by Israelis themselves. And they have all been debunked by other non-biased translators, but by also ancient historians who lived at those times(you can read these on the wiikkpydia pages of those steles). Meanwhile if you look at what the ancient people(INCLUDING THE NATIVES) called it you'll see they all called it Palestine in their respective languages. Herodotus(450 BC) even specifies it's a "district of Syria, called Palaistinê" between Phoenicia and Egypt in The Histories. Herodotus provides the first historical reference clearly denoting a wider region than dzionistic "Philistia", as he applied the term to both the coastal and the inland regions such as the Judean Mountains and the Jordan Rift Valley. Israel was a man and not a land. And calling it Israel will not only distort history but also enable the oppresive people that are occupying Palestine today.

[@jahdeesimplymeansoneofgods120]

“Nubia was a province or a state of ancient Egypt, but this is what happens when African history is being interpreted or attempted to be explained by foreigners, who tried to narrate our story and attribute it to their history. Please cease your endeavors to separate Nubia from Egypt. Please acknowledge the fact that Nubia is located in Africa, as is Egypt. All of North Africa and the Middle East were inhabited by Asian peoples who were dispersed over time due to divine retribution for their rebellion against divine commandments. For example, the people now residing in Palestine are not the original inhabitants of that territory; they are nomadic Arabs who came to the land due to its vacancy, as the original people were dispersed across the world. This is what caused the significant conflict between the Jews reclaiming the land and the people living there. A similar situation is unfolding in Egypt, where individuals with light skin claim to be the original inhabitants. It is fascinating how everyone seems to adore Africa but refuses to identify as Africans.”

[@SikanderG]

Ramesses II is overrated.

[@SikanderG]

Queen Hatshepsut is the actual best pharaoh.

[@IStevenSeagal]

@@SikanderGWOMEN WOMEN WOMEN! The force is female. Girl power! YAAAS BYYTCHESSS

[@MikeScott-ez7iw]

Egyptians and Mediterranean people don't have black eyes 👀 African and black people do period

[@NannyMAU]

No mention of Moses or Israelites by Egypt only stated in the Bible SCRIPTURES- written by the Greek invaders in 325 AD

[@jordanbey870]

All bull..Israhell was not around..

[@IStevenSeagal]

Exactly. And its not the first time this youtber has called it that.

[@NannyMAU]

Beautiful Black African Civilisation- The Root to all Spiritual and Intellectual Knowledge - from the Calendar to Biblical Stories - Why their depicted as slightly tanned is racist and ignorant- please see tons of genetic, linguistic and cultural evidence of the Nile Valley Inhabitants