History of Friesland - Prehistory and the Romans | Background History

Are you ready to spend 14 minutes of your life learning about a small province that you probably never heard of? BOY do I have the video for you! The one you are watching right now... So peel your peepers away from the description and start watching the video you silly goose!
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MUSIC AND SOUND CREDITS
Title card and chapter music by Matthijs Rooks, check him out!
matthijsrooks.nl/
Sound effects from www.zapsplat.com/
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SOURCES
⮞ Books:
• Doedens, A., Kortlever, Y. and Mulder, L.,Geschiedenis van Nederland: Het verhaal van prehistorie tot heden (Zutphen, 2015)
• Kooistra, D., Frieslands verleden: De Friezen en hun geschiedenis in vijftig verhalen (Bornmeer, 2016).
• Terpstra, P., Tweeduizend jaar geschiedenis van Friesland (Leeuwarden, 1980)
⮞ Websites:
• Afûk, Fryske Kanon: De ko (Leeuwarden, 2008) www.11en30.nu/de-kanon-finste...
• Afûk, Fryske Kanon: De Hludana-stien (Leeuwarden, 2008) www.11en30.nu/de-kanon-finste...
• Afûk, Fryske Kanon: Hegebeintum (Leeuwarden, 2008) www.11en30.nu/de-kanon-finste...
(The design of the 11en30 site is sadly broken at the moment)
⮞ Translations of Pliny the Elder and Tacitus that I used:
• Pliny the Elder, The Natural History: www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/t...
• Tacitus, The Annals: www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/t...
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IMAGE CREDITS
Backgrounds are a menhir with some prehistoric art and Corinthian columns
Texture for the background from: 3djungle.net/textures/​
Map borders are based on just some spears and on the border of a fresco in Pompeii
⮞ Images:
• Photo of the Drususstein:
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
• The drawing of the Drususstein:
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
• Photo of Doutzen Kroes
fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofbyld:...
⮞ Maps:
• Modern parts of the map based on OpenStreetMap
• Older parts of the map based on:
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Source:
RACM & TNO. Developed for the National Research Agenda Archeology www.noaa.nl
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Hashtags: #history #friesland #prehistoric #romans #germanic #frisian #netherlands #fryslân #ostfriesland #groningen #geschiedenis
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0:00 Intro
0:40 Prehistory - Landscape
1:54 Prehistory- First men
3:27 Prehistory - Terpen
5:02 Romans - Roman Arrival
8:25 Romans - Baduhenna Woods
11:06 Romans - End of the Frisii

[@Keksdich]

Dank di för een heel moie Video 💞 ik grööt jo van ostfreesland 🤘🏻

[@MrEnaric]

There are a hints that at least West Frisia (province of North Holland) never was fully depopulated in the third and fourth century. Prehistoric place and rivernames have survived ( Bakkum, Koog, Velsen, Limmen, Beemster, Wormer, Ilp, Jisp, etc) showing continuity in habitation throughout the last three millennia at least. Also pottery and certain fibulae from the third and fourth century have been found in the Provinces of North Holland and Friesland alike. Complete depopulation is a myth that seems to linger on and a few hundred people can also preserve name and identity. We did not need Romans or Franks for that. (J. de Koning, UvA, 2012).

[@joranmerlte]

Skiednis en Fryske dingen, myn twa favoriete ûnderwerpen yn ien fideo. It is geweldich!

[@BackgroundHistory]

Ja moai no?

[@noahtylerpritchett2682]

"Chances are" so a catch 22 if it is or isn't or partially.

[@noahtylerpritchett2682]

Frisians also settled in England.

[@urbnctrl]

I believe that most of the Frisii who left the land in 4th centrury also returned to help rebuild the Frisian lands - together with the Anglo-Saxon settlers (which also consisted of many Frisii who had made kin and bern in their place of refuge) they would together as a mixture become the Frisians.

[@BackgroundHistory]

That's an interesting theory!

[@HYDROCARBON_XD]

Indo Europeans arrived to Netherlands in 2950 BC,and those indoeuropeans transformed into the proto Germanic tribes (in south Scandinavia,north of Netherlands and Germany) and in around 100BC they would transform into the Frisian (in Netherlands

[@HYDROCARBON_XD]

terpen were first made by the Germanic tribes like the Frisii or Batavii,they are found around 700 BC which is the date when Germanic tribes expanded from northern Germany and southern Norway and Sweden to Netherlands and Poland,before the Germanic tribes there were the Elp Culture which was indoeuropean like the germanic tribes but they had a different indoeuropean language

[@srderptaco8567]

You missed something critical, from 250 AD - 500 AD the North Sea Periphery event occurred where Rising water levels and a cooler, wetter climate occurred spanning across the entire Frisian lands, this was also a major cause of the decline of the Frisii's since their lands sunk underwater & crops were harder to grow, and also the bonus of an epidemic of various diseases. That's also a reason why they immigrated in the end. By the way, you deserve way more views & subscribers, I hope you the best.

[@makkie211175]

I also have heard that in that era around 1100 AD some major storms have been passed along, storms that were so big, it shaped the land completely, one of these storms was called Sint Juliana vloed. They say that the zuiderzee has been created by that storm.

[@YnseSchaap]

1:32 I live on that little patch that's always above sea level.. Gasterlan 😁

[@azurephoenix9546]

"just kidding. they crucified the tax collectors" sounds about right.

[@shortclipsbyzarina]

bro my ex swiss husband didn't see it coming

[@tommyodonovan3883]

The Frisii love their *"GOOOOOOOLLLLLLDDDD!"*

[@a.schrijber5610]

After this video I want to have West-Friesland be annexed by Friesland again, and I don't even live in West-Friesland

[@wilcolindeboom5588]

Great comment

[@BackgroundHistory]

Soon™

[@l2516]

One day we shall

[@aldosigmann419]

We have to take over East Friesland as well. No one will stand in the way of our plans for world domination...

[@RensOtteweyn]

Great video! Probably took a while to construct. The comments fascinate me even more: everyone having their own opinions stated as facts and of course they're allowed to have them. Opinions are like arseholes, everyone has one, James Blunt once famously said. I fully agree

[@Luc-uw8ur]

‘Swamp Germans’ ..… 😂

[@wilcolindeboom5588]

Great video about our history

[@joycegreer9391]

I've definitely heard of it!! My ancestors came from Friesland and settled around Friesland, WI USA. Love finding more historical info about it.

[@tommyodonovan3883]

I'm Irish & Frieslander

[@leftovercroc9883]

Honestly I really appreciate these videos. My gf is Frisian and wanted to learn more about her culture so bad and then I stumbled across this!

[@BackgroundHistory]

King!

[@tenzin682]

I used to say the same thing, but if my Grandfather was Frisian, which he was, so am I!! And proud of it!! Oh, so are you!!

[@peterlyall2848]

​@@BackgroundHistory I'd like too know about Boggerland that supposed exist between the Netherlands and England? Or was that to far South maybe it existed between Denmark and England? I'm not sure can you help me out please.

[@ewoudvanaalst4089]

Best genôch 👌🏻

[@noahtylerpritchett2682]

The Frisian language is very related to English.

[@gjaltlindeboom4524]

Fantastic video!

[@SuAva]

It is likely though that the Anglo-Saxons that resettled Friesland were also descendants of the ancient Frisii that left the region in the first place.

[@BackgroundHistory]

Could be, could be. There is also evidence that certain parts were never abandoned to begin with and that the modern Frisians are a mix of Frisii and the Anglo-Saxons!

[@SuAva]

​@@BackgroundHistory Sounds plausible! Either way we North Sea Europeans have quite the interesting mix in our DNA!

[@BackgroundHistory]

@@SuAva That we have!

[@aniqueroeloffs1204]

Love the animations! Very fun and educational

[@HansBezemer]

Doesn't that sound familiar? "The year is 28 CE. The Netherlands is entirely occupied by the Romans. Well, not entirely... One small village of indomitable Frisians still holds out against the invaders. And life is not easy for the Roman legionaries who garrison the fortified camps of Castellum Flavum". Yeah, right! I can even tell you what the "magic potion" was the Frisians got before battle in the cold, damp swamps. It's called "erwtensoep", a soup which is still consumed in large quantities when the Dutch engage in cold recreation activities like the "New years dive" or "Ice skating" (where it is often called "snert").

[@wilcolindeboom5588]

Best comment under this video, but I'm pretty sure the magic potion of the Frisii would have been "bearenburch"

[@BackgroundHistory]

This comment really cracked me up, nice one!

[@tommyodonovan3883]

Mom is a Frieslander, she hates the cold, that's why she winters in Sarasota Florida. On her next visit to Victoria BC in May I'll give her a bowl of Snert Soup.

[@makkie211175]

Astrix and Obelix of Friesland haha

[@joycegreer9391]

My favorite!

[@kevinlawler2571]

Great video.. I am binging all I can as it pertains to my ancestors.. from my research it appears that my Danish roots come from my Frisian roots .. well some any ways .. likely from various others as well.

[@HistoryUniversity]

Gonna sound like a noob, but just got Crusader Kings II and realized I never knew about Friesland, so thank you so much for giving me more information!

[@BackgroundHistory]

Ahh good old Crusader Kings 2, spent about a 1000 hours in that game. A fun little fact, there is an easter egg in East-Frisia in the 769 starting date. The ruler there is a made-up descendant of the kings of Friesland which you can see in the second part of this series! (Though sadly, he is Christian instead of pagan, which would have been way more fitting)

[@HistoryUniversity]

@@BackgroundHistory Can't wait to watch part II

[@Mr.MarcusMario]

We at the isle of Voorne Putten are from the same lineage. We have the sam common ancestors. Might mention that in future videos.

[@bethanybartran683]

at about 8:05 you said the Friisi left on a mass migration elsewhere.. any thoughts on where they went? I once heard (read?) of Frisians being hired in England/Scotland as mercenary soldiers against the Romans about the time their land had suffered a huge flood.

[@bethanybartran683]

i see you partially covered it at 13:30.. great video! thanks

[@BackgroundHistory]

@@bethanybartran683 Hey man, thanks for the compliment!

[@makkie211175]

around 1100 AD some serious storms has happend that killed many Frisians or Frisii. one of them is called Sint Juliana Vloed.

[@jacquelinevanderkooij4301]

Yes, two large. One in the south and one in the north (Cuneus Frisiorum). These were soldiers on horses. This were young men, don't think they went back to the mainland. Also frisians moved to belgium and north-west france, escaping from the water.

[@michaelf4506]

Great video pal...a fresian from ireland

[@BackgroundHistory]

Happy you liked it! Great to hear from our pal from the Emerald Isle!

[@michaelf4506]

@@BackgroundHistory sound buddy

[@l2516]

Frysk om utens 😁

[@denilsonfrison]

@@michaelf4506 🤔🇧🇷🤠

[@briza2022]

Why was the land named like that and why is the name so close to Frisland theoric island.

[@Sydebern]

It is named after Freya, the Germanic goddess after which 'friday' (Frisian: 'freed') is also named.

[@user-jb4wl7bk5g]

Tige dank!

[@edwincancelii2917]

Since you have an accent, are you from Friesland, in the Netherlands? If so, I like it when a Frisian from mainland Europe speaks very good English, including you.

[@BackgroundHistory]

Good ear, I'm Frisian born and raised. And thanks for the compliment my man!

[@edwincancelii2917]

@@BackgroundHistory Awesome accent, buddy.

[@edwincancelii2917]

@@BackgroundHistory What language of Frisian do you also speak? West Frisian, North Frisian or Saterland Frisian? Or do you speak all 3 of those Frisian languages?

[@BackgroundHistory]

@@edwincancelii2917 My mother tongue is West-Frisian (or normal Frisian as wel like to call it). Maybe some day I'd like to learn the other Frisians. (But then again, I want to learn so many other languages)

[@makkie211175]

Not sure in what era this happened but i often hear the story that the Frisians had some exclusive rights they gained that gave them "cityrights" Its weird enough that small villages have those rights like Sloten or IJlst ( Den Haag not ) who are not bigger that a small village. i Think this was stated in the Era that Friesland was a kingdom with king Redbad, but i could be wrong

[@BackgroundHistory]

Well yes and no. In Friesland there are 11 settlements that are classified as cities. These settlements have been granted certain priviliges, for example the right to have market days or have their own judicial system, by either the Emperor or the brief time as a county under the Brunonids. But this wasn't during the time of Redbad or the mythical Frisian kingdom. These rights were granted during the high and late middle ages. With Stavoren/Staveren being the first city (in both modern day Friesland and the Netherlands) and Sneek/Snits being the last city to gain (official) city rights. Since city rights aren't really a thing anymore, places like Sloten/Sleat are cities while Heerenveen/Hearrenfean, with over 40 times as much inhabitants, are called towns.

[@steffenplay]

I'm very pleased to see that the roots of my ancestors are finally been given a place on the platform I use far to often. Very curious to see how the content will evolve over time!! Strong start

[@CptZhu]

Dont give up

[@wilcolindeboom5588]

You are truly worthy of your name

[@BackgroundHistory]

Thanks for the boost my man, new video coming soon!

[@draphotube4315]

Dankjewel man! Ben een Nederlander, maar had het echt gaaf gevonden als onze moeder cultuur (de Friesen) meer macht had. Al die Frankische stammen gingen van germanische stammen naar Romeinse wannabe’s echt misselijk makend.

[@ajnachakraguy]

i imagine we were city stomping people even that many years ago. always spit when you walk in the Nwtherlands and speak like you mean to strike

[@MrSebs2010]

I just hit the big red button! Gibs me more! De Brunonen might be a nice topic😜 (Friso, Saxo, Bruno)

[@BackgroundHistory]

Soon™ (The video after the next one will touch a bit on the Brunonids)

[@Moesmakendehakker658]

I dont believe that the frisians are not descendants of the frisii. i mean sure they left their homes when flooded but if you look at the germanic culture at the time.. They mostly would stick together and kept their name as a tribe. Look at the goths and burgundians for example.. (like many other tribes) Where ever they went, they kept their name as a tribe.

[@suevialania]

Repúblic of Fryslan!👍🏻

[@a.devries3430]

Fryslân first, America second!

[@denilsonfrison]

Olá, faltam as legendas em português kkkkkk🇧🇷

[@BackgroundHistory]

Infelizmente, k ainda não encontrei tempo para adicionar legendas ... Also, sorry for the bad Portuguese, please blame Google Translate

[@veronicalogotheti5416]

So not really a dutch history Thank you

[@maiavanwaes7590]

Lol all of this without mentioning the cursed name of Belgium, even tho the belgae tribes lived just next door and were different from the gauls. God forbids y'all ever admit that those belgian peasants have their own identity because otherwise how would we justify 🎇dutch rule🎇

[@THORIONONE]

en doggerland dan in de noordzee ???

[@BackgroundHistory]

Doggerland was ooit een gebied dat Groot-Brittannië aan Europa verbond, het barstte van de megafauna (zoals mammoeten) en er leefden veel mensen. Het staat echter buiten de video aangezien het niet echt onderdeel is van de Friese geschiedenis

[@THORIONONE]

@@BackgroundHistory het zit in de tijdlijn toch ? einde 5000 bc en grensde aan gebied van friesland

[@BackgroundHistory]

@@THORIONONE het zit in de tijdlijn, maar het heeft weinig te maken met de Friese geschiedenis omdat het ook een heel ander gebied is, zo is het ook lager gelegen dan Friesland. Misschien dat er in de toekomst nog een video over Doggerland komt! Maar ondertussen raad ik je aan deze video van Atlas Pro over Doggerland te kijken! kzbin.info/www/bejne/oZ7UdZ2GjJuerrc

[@THORIONONE]

@@BackgroundHistory al gezien thx

[@chadthundercock3440]

@@THORIONONE read the orea linda book it's and ancient text about the forefathers it mentions that a place called atland sunk into the north sea around 6000 bc and frya's children lived there

[@keyboardheroism]

The Frisiabones were the Roman sympathizers.

[@-Skadi.Artemisia-]

Did you know many terpen coalign with star signs, like the great pyramids, and until this day these terpens have prominant buildings on them, often churches or buildings owned by the royal family, with symbolism visible that represent these star signs?

[@colinhornsby52]

wot about doggerland?

[@BackgroundHistory]

Although Doggerland was at one point attaching Great Britain to Europe and many species of megafauna and humans lived there, it is kinda outside of the scope of the video as it's not really Frisian history

[@vrblnslt9094]

@@BackgroundHistory sure it is.. if we want it to be.. I'm all for claiming Doggerland as North-west frisia 🙃🍻

[@lt1nut]

@@vrblnslt9094 Let's see China try to control that!!!!

[@KingHaggis]

In hiel moai filmke jonge.

[@commonundergroundpodcast3763]

The prehistoric part does not include doggerland? Is this correct?

[@BackgroundHistory]

You are correct. If I'm not mistaken Doggerland should be just outside of the prehistoric maps, but I've also pointed out in the video that I'd just be altering the Dutch coasts for the prehistoric parts. If you'd like to learn more about Doggerland I'd suggest watching Atlas Pro's video on the topic!

[@Spacefrisian]

Fryslân boppe.

[@denilsonfrison]

Olá kkkkk🇧🇷

[@renatodieke5356]

strange hè leaves out where the hunters came from and that frisians are part of the Germanic peoples

[@theoorval5140]

Sorry, but no! West Friesland was actually that part of Friesland that got separated from the main area in December 1287 when a fierce storm widened the sea arm from Lake Flevo to the North Sea, drowning a lot of people and a lot of land, thus creating the Ijselmeer and enabling the county of Holland, which had tried for a long time, to at last incorporate it within its own borders. A count's later attempt to conquer the main part of Friesland in 1345 came a cropper when the Frisians killed him and annihilated his whole army in the battle of Warns.

[@peterkralt2478]

Within Dutch west Frisian means indeed a part of Holland but in international context its the province Fryslân

[@riteasrain]

13:13 and it still isn't understood by Aussies. as I've experienced. They just don't get it 🙄🤣

[@Thenosferatu1900]

West Friesland is Noord Holland,niet Friesland.

[@universalcitizen7544]

test

[@flerianrorian4418]

Uhh dude westfriesland ligt in noordholland.. ooit gehoord van de oera linda?

[@iammeheretobeme1391]

Not sure how to put it but if you read the oera linda which has been autenticated to at least 1300 bc. Youre story needs an update.

[@ewoudvanaalst4089]

Oh sweetie... please tell me you are joking...

[@kimashitawa8113]

fake news mang

[@hansvanderhimst2973]

Ook hier vind de klassieke vergissing plaats, de Frisii zaten in Noord west Frankrijk.

[@holyemperor5221]

Niet dus

[@kimashitawa8113]

Wat? Nee, hoe kom je daar zelfs op?

[@holyemperor5221]

@@kimashitawa8113 ze zaten ook daar. Friso ones om precies te zijn. Maar ja. Er zijn van die mensen die lezen iets en denken tja.. is waar. Friezen zijn Franken.. niet dus

[@kimashitawa8113]

@@holyemperor5221 Friso ones?

[@denilsonfrison]

@@holyemperor5221 Olá 🇧🇷

[@mgros7546]

Im frisian you are way of

[@gitmoholliday5764]

"Doggerland" 🛶🌊