Holographic 3D Printing is REAL!

[@kurtlindner]

I lost it when Alvin turns to camera, with a big smile, and says, "This is unpublished." Work faster now.

[@Sflhunter]

The (student) dude explaining this device is trying so hard to bring it to terms we can understand 😂 Ty for trying sir

[@marcharrison9847]

Ennit. Props to him for dumbing it down for the simps

[@dwang085]

You’re so awesome Joel. I love how you interview people and take little exits along the conversation to make sure everything was explained thoroughly.

[@parker73724]

Agreed, I can't think of a better ambassador for the industry. His channel is so good at being appealing to people who know nothing about 3d printers as well as experts in 3d printing.

[@tannerbass7146]

And now 26 years after Small Soldiers, we finally have that printer.

[@esra_erimez]

I absolutely love Alvin's passion and vibrant personality while explaining this.

[@TheIcemanModdeler]

The replicator in Star Trek basically 3d prints with atoms.

[@obviouswarrior5460]

PolyJet ?

[@willofthemaker]

I mean isn't that what we all do?

[@seanr7297]

@@willofthemaker not on an atomic scale but yes lol

[@windkonton2336]

Don't forget, plus a huge "star" load of power too.

[@Jacobk-g7r]

Using light based technology and resonant frequencies along with magnetic fields to hold the materials, we could generate if we understand the dimensions.

[@fernandooliver7005]

i see Joel so close to the table, and is like a kid who wants to touch everything but he can't, all i can think off is that phrase from some mothers in Puerto Rico said to their kids, "touch with your eyes, and look with your hands!!!"

[@The_1ntern3t]

"Let me have a closer look at that running wood chipper" 😂💀

[@tsstn]

Joel, thank you for thinking outside the box and finding such amazing people to interview. This concept in particular is going to take me several tries to begin to understand correctly. But you know, I'm something of a scientist myself. So I will grasp and grapple until I have a firm grip on the subject matter. What an amazing process.

[@GirlyGamer-BoardGameGran]

Honestly, every time you leaned close to that table I held my breath. Interesting stuff for sure.

[@C-M-E]

MIT was working on this a few years ago. As I recall, the resolution wasn't exactly amazing, but the process had merit. That was the last I'd heard until today. 👌🤞

[@PeirotheFirescare]

Damn there are smart people with great ideas, just amazing

[@JayEm16]

4:54 almost killed Mr with Willem Dafoe clip from Spiderman hahaha great video! Really cool stuff Joel!!

[@a_bar8579]

It is very nice to see scientific papers being produced on the ground

[@planktonfun1]

this can basically do 3d printing in seconds if advanced properly

[@SixOThree]

It sounds like once you have the hologram, then yes? I think recording the hologram is still a big step. But everything is solvable.

[@mr.chichungli814]

yes, that is the goal. Indeed, the main challenge is how to localize the light properly to achieve "almost" isotropic resolution.

[@TheNextDecade]

Seeing Joel get excited about new methods makes my day dude.

[@paulpardee]

Wow, you're really leaning hard into the Nerd part of 3D Printing Nerd in this video! :D I honestly don't know how much more science fiction you can get than printing with freaking holograms! I've been saying for the last few years that the future is gonna be crazy weird, but I think the future might be here already. Awesome video, thanks for sharing!

[@3DPrintingNerd]

Thanks for watching!

[@matthewmooney2573]

Also a growth point and centre out might give better stabliity aswell as a more coverage for traped areas.

[@rvdm88]

1:05 its "toMographic volumetric a.m." tomos -> greek for slice or section

[@gsestream]

if you use x-ray patterns you can cure any point at any time, but if you use 360 layered curing, then you have the grow the object from the center-out. you have a physical problem of object blocking light. yep inverse ct scan 3d printing. simple way of printing would be a growth stick point, with half-dome 360 degrees center-out growth. ie spherical resin printing. oh god you are limited to transparent resin.

[@SuperLuminalMan]

Specifically to resins transparent to x-rays, might be simpler to apply the technology to visible light for the stick growth point

[@enginerdy]

When the resolutions get high enough, you could pattern in structural color :) (40 years or so from now)

[@rcmaniac25]

I remember when I was in college a number of years ago, seeing one of those tables. They were using it for 3D scanning instead of manufacturing, but I so wanted to play with it. It's like the adult version of some kids toys... put the mirrors, lenses, devices in some arrangement and it makes magic happen. The big thing that comes to mind is it's still a kind of resin printing... Some other KZbinr was interviewing someone and said "People don't realize it, but resin printing is easier then FDM. Except you need to spend time in gloves with unpleasant chemicals to be able to use it and then post process. FDM simply has a longer setup and post processing is about the same as resin." Reworded for this: the research will net something powerful... for industry. Because unless you're already doing resin printing or want to get into it, the average person is going to want "load block of material into device, tell it to make thing, get thing". No post processing. Basically, FDM but with resin. Do the setup and then have a thing that can be held in hand. But such is the nature of research, you have to get one stage of the process figured out before you can do others.

[@mathewrtaylor]

Thanks for showing this, and Alvin, if you read this, you are a Wizard, because that is MAGIC!! Very cool!

[@mr.chichungli814]

Thank you for your love of magic!

[@sebastianalegre7148]

I remember entering my campus' lazer lab a couple of times back in 2018 and the setups they did didn't have a third of the lenses I'm seeing here. Sweet technology!

[@impuls60]

I wonder if they could make custom Optics this way too, like large VR lenses. Asymmetric convex lenses in 50mm diameter. That would be insane.

[@anon_y_mousse]

We are living in exciting times. I can hardly wait until someone figures out how to do this with energy conversion techniques.

[@richardcraddock1965]

Important! Recommendation about the technology: 1. Sound can suspend particles ----- lasers, then can combine and modify the suspended particles. 2. Vacuum chamber environment plus sound controlled particle suspension plus laser to suspended particles combination and modification

[@tiagotiagot]

Vacuum wouldn't let the sound work. Maybe you could use lasers tweezers; but I'm not sure they would work with curable material without causing the droplets to cure before reaching the right spot. Just sealing the box with air and designing the walls to not get in the way of the acoustic levitation might make more sense though; though, as the print grows, it will start affecting how the sound waves bounce around, which would need to be accounted for, and could complicate things a lot. Though, aerossolizing toxic resin doesn't sound like a good idea...

[@richardcraddock1965]

@@tiagotiagot No. It would work like this: put air back into it ----- THE REASON IS BECAUSE THE CONTROLLED AIR WON'T HAVE PARTICLE IMPURITIES, AS IT WILL COME FROM A PURIFIED OR GAS CONTAINER.

[@tiagotiagot]

@@richardcraddock1965 So not a vacuum as you originally described.

[@richardcraddock1965]

Vacuum Step 1. A vacuum Step 2. Insert gas, such as controlled air Step 3. Apply sound per layers and directions Step 4. Insert particles Step 5. Combine and modify via lasers

[@JonS]

Very interesting research. Thanks for showing it to us.

[@matthewmooney2573]

Awesome, you could also use a combination of a detail laser for the outermost faces to get accuracy.

[@revmarkus77]

Very cool concept 🤔 I would be interested in what resolution can be printed 😁

[@DanielLCarrier]

I like how this totally sounds like a clickbait title, but it's actually 100% accurate and not misleading. They're not just 3d printing onto a build plate with a hologram on it to copy it onto the print. They're not even using a different volumetric display and calling it a hologram like they do with 99% of stuff people call holograms. They're actually doing holograms. Though now that I think about it, does it really need to use holograms specifically? Any other volumetric display would work, right? It seems like it would be simpler to make the object you want to print out of a translucent material and probably bigger, illuminate it with UV light, and use a series of lenses to project an image inside your resin.

[@mr.chichungli814]

Right, other volumetric display methods can be used to expose the resin. And yes all these methods usually involve de-magnifying a larger image into a smaller one (or at the size you want to print).

[@QuantumShenna]

A hologram is useful here. Unstructured light coming out of lenses would just act like that topographic volumetric method they mentioned at 1:00 : it can create a 3D field, but it's limited somewhat in the shapes it can make. You're basically creating a 3D image by intersecting a bunch of tiny lines through the resin. A hologram has no such restriction; by using interference, it can create 3D patterns even if the light is coming from only one direction, and can make some shapes that are impossible to make with other methods.

[@tiagotiagot]

And sweeping focus to cure at different depths would be slower than exposing the whole volume at once. Other types of volumetric displays may or may not work. If I understood it right, they count on the virtual object existing inside the volume of resin (or whatever curing media they're using); some volumetric displays only let you see 3d behind/inside the screen; perhaps some types of lightfield display could work; but I'm not sure there's anything with the strong contrast you can obtain with lasers though.

[@DanielLCarrier]

@@tiagotiagot You don't need to sweep the focus. The lens equation is 1/di + 1/do = 1/f, where di is the distance to the image, do is the distance to the object, and f is the focal length. If you have a 3d object, where some parts are closer to the lens than others, then the image will also have some parts closer to the lens than others. Just by putting the object and lens in place, you'll be focusing light on a 3d volume.

[@tiagotiagot]

@@DanielLCarrier I don't remember what point exactly what I was replying to, maybe KZbin removed the comment (been seeing lots of my own comments getting hit by the filter for no reason lately); but from context, my guess right now is that first line was talking about an approach using flat images generated by a conventional projector and performing the reverse of focus-stacking photography, or using a volumetric display of the kind that uses persistence of vision and a scanning focus (vibrating lens or whatever), to cure the resin in place as multiple layers, sorta like the other way around to how conventional resin printers work.

[@fireball75677]

now we just need to figure out how to do this with atoms and we're golden! This is we're it begins!

[@henryhbk]

That is pretty clever and of course since holograms only see what you'd see from looking at the object from the origin, the pair of images makes sense to fully enclose the object. I assume the trick in scaling up will be the more powerful laser to fire through deeper tanks will have a higher chance of curing molecules in the foreground. This would also seem to be a method that could be used to resin print in 0g (if one wanted to take that crazy risk, but maybe there would be a need for nano-scale fabrication in 0g) since unlike SLA you don't need the fluid to stay against the bed.

[@tiagotiagot]

You can have holograms of transparent objects, and even things like lenses and such, not to mention with enough parallax you can see behind solid objects in a hologram, and with high resolution and shallow depth of field, you could even have things visible at different depths depending on focus. If you for example had a hologram recording device fast enough for that, or just used a computer calculate a hologram, you could for example have those line patterns of light that are different at different depths under wavy water, and a piece of paper moved across the hologram volume would show the bright lines changing depending on where you place the paper.

[@Dsk001]

Everytime he said madulator I kept thinking of Marvin the Martian

[@lasersterling]

Welcome to my world brother! 😁

[@davidtobin]

Pew pew pew! Need a Thor snack box at the LA office!

[@dapperprops]

Very cool. Thanks for sharing this with us!

[@fluideight]

Thanks for explaining this so well. Learning a lot. Fascinating!

[@AndrewAHayes]

It will be a long long time before we get holographic printers, it is a very cool research programme though!

[@Slurgical_3D_Terrain_Channel]

I’m an Uber nerd, absolutely love this. Keep up the good work.

[@camilocortes6315]

I see this process in the lab of my U and its amazing!!! i have a little frog into a cristal, you put light on this and can see all the details.

[@maddestmike5791]

I wanna see where this goes, like could it be used for medical purposes or for toys?

[@3D_Printing]

Holographic systems require zero vibration total stability, even walking near them could spoil any results. Wavelength of interference on light is tiny so any movement is a major issue

[@SLcompany_watch]

cant wait for the futureeee!!!!!!

[@3DWolfEngineering]

thats mind blowing

[@NBC_NCO]

This technology in the future will be inside your cell phone, and you'll be able to watch your local TV or KZbin in thin air. Share plans, maps, and more.

[@herbveitenhans3285]

Interesting to see what they do once they spin the substrate or lasers around similar to a CT gantry.

[@LincolnWorld]

Thanks for bringing us another awesome video showcasing cutting edge 3D printing tech! I saw something sort of like this at a Maker Faire one time. Not sure if it is the same. Either way, it is great seeing where it is at. High-5!

[@mattthcfocus4207]

How many people think Marvin the Martian every time this guy says modulator😅😅

[@JhnyBravos]

This is truly amazing

[@marcfruchtman9473]

[subscribed] Wow, what an incredible interview.

[@protonus]

Do you plan on reviewing the FLSun S1? I'm very interested in it but would love to hear your thoughts!

[@rangefreewords]

would an ultrasonic bed allow the liquid filament to debubble/departiculate to avoid blemishes?

[@bridget_clinch]

I wonder if we can't do some more chemistry to get some different curable resins that don't need harsh solvents to finish them off?

[@dfoster9445]

this could be interesting for 3d printing processors .

[@2blazedinfl]

is a transporter just a volumetric printer? it prints you out with memories and everything.

[@omi.3D]

Very interesting video, thanks for sharing!

[@spire1o3]

Wouldn’t all rearward layers of each laser be inherently and increasingly inaccurate because there is a delta in the refraction angle during the print process at the intersection of cured and noncured media? You’d have to account for that, and I’m not convinced it’s possible.

[@tiagotiagot]

If they can get the curing to work fast enough, I would imagine it should be doable with just high-intensity flash, and the light will already have swept thru the volume before the molecules start rearranging. Or perhaps just have additional mechanism to record a hologram of the volume as it is processed, recalculating the projected hologram in real time to account for the changing lensing of the curing media.

[@AgentPothead]

That is super cool.

[@kyberite]

Cool stuff!

[@damagedathecore7216]

Absolutely cool af

[@3DPrintingNerd]

Agreed! COOL AS FORETOLD;)

[@avenuex3731]

Neat. Some (really big )hurdles yet, but neat.

[@ghostbombl8034]

Let say this,real hovering holograms that project in thin air needs 2 pieces, invisible back so the lazer can project on it so you only see the lazer image scanning aginst something that I can not tell anyone about since my working protype is in making.I know i am not the first one who came up with it my prototype dos not use,smoke or mizt it uses something ele that wont blow away in the wind that you can not see but only reacts to lazer so you just see a floating ball in thin air.

[@tiagotiagot]

Would it not be possible to use optics to compress the hologram along the axial direction? Or is the interference with the orthogonal beam necessary to produce the deadspots where the light is fully canceled out and the resin remains uncured, and it's not just a matter of resolution?

[@ConsciusVeritasVids]

If a full-color printer runs $100,000 just imagine a holographic printer price tag...

[@oba_kinbo]

So when the janitor comes to dust and vacuum and moves a few of the lenses is that 9 years of work down the drain… 😂

[@JBGecko13yt]

so possibly 3d printing a cubic microprocessor from the inside out

[@downumop]

Not Science Fiction, now 'Science Fact'

[@DangerousDac]

That's a cool approach, but I think the Volumetric process is far simpler, gets the same effect, and I could see an easy path to mass production for it. This really feels a million miles away from that.

[@NOYFB982]

Acetone is commonly nail polish remover.

[@SixOThree]

So basically you are projecting a laser hologram into the material and just "exposing it"? Like you're not moving the lasers around? Or do you need to adjust the lasers to get the interference pattern to move to the next layer? I guess typically when we think of holograms, we think of ones that have multiple views of the same object viewed from different angles. But it sounds like this is just the one viewpoint or projection?

[@mr.chichungli814]

@SixOThree Thank you for the questions. Yes, not moving, no layering. We are exploring the capability of a completely motionless, single-shot mode of printing. The lasers are switching in the video just because of the two holograms are sharing the same modulation device (for cost reasons). So in theory there could be no switching and the two holograms can be simultaneous. And of course, doing multiple exposures would have benefits in improving overall uniformity and diffraction efficiency (light utilization), but it makes the printing process slower. On your final question, yes it is just one projection of a 3D distribution of light. If you intercept the light beam at different depth (along the beam), you get a different image.

[@xxxm981]

@@mr.chichungli814 Oh hey, you have a youtube channel. At the moment, the real limit is the resolution of your Light modulator, in terms of detail, isnt it? I mean, i guess you can focues the beam smaller (with the same limitations as Foto-lith) but you cant get more pixels in than that holographic flatscreen.

[@mr.chichungli814]

@@xxxm981 Right, reconstruction quality is the main issue. There are two challenges. 1) the addressable voxels on the hologram are not isotropic. Each voxel is much elongated in the axial direction so the axial resolution is particularly poor. This is the problem my work is trying to address, by using two (or more) holograms simultaneously. 2) The second problem is like what you said, the limited total number of pixel on the spatial light modulator does limit the total number of pixels on the hologram (for any given plane). The field of VR/AR display (and the big tech companies) is trying to address this by advancing the hardware.

[@canxuedexue]

@@mr.chichungli814 👍 Do you have plans to produce a consumer-grade holographic printer? Something like this litiholo hologram printing consumer grade product. It would be very cool if there was one.

[@mr.chichungli814]

@@canxuedexue Well, I also wish it is production ready. This is an ambitious project, trying to make a big leap (even relative to state-of-the-art scanning type of volumetric AM) to do single-shot printing. Currently its cost and performance are limited by the spec and price of the phase modulator, the objectives...etc....all the parts that form this printer. So like many other research, there is a long way to reach that stage of technological readiness. I and other collaborators will keep working towards the goal of single-shot printing.

[@redregar2522]

Great content

[@DancingDread]

I'm very interested in learning what problem this tech solves

[@showxating9885]

You could've just said we're starting to build replicators. I mean, seriously. Haha.

[@DwAboutItManFr]

The moment i saw the title i imagined how it should work correctly.

[@3DPrintingNerd]

Dang man, that’s cool!

[@DwAboutItManFr]

@@3DPrintingNerd Lucky guess.

[@RedSlashAce]

Awesome 😃

[@abhaycivi2382]

Its so cool

[@jermainefr]

It would have been nice to see a print

[@__--JY-Moe--__]

grampahs resin printing! thanks! let's get a machine out soon ! ok! night! 3D object out at once! most beautiful presentation! like a beautiful flower!

[@markbass_trojanthinking]

Oh yeah

[@rr2109]

Feels more akin to photography than printing.

[@aware2action]

A hologram is nothing but an interference pattern(2D). Now use another interference(2D) to intersect, now you get 3D🤯. But holograms are extremely sensitive to vibrations and need optical isolation tables and closed loop vibration elimination as well. More of a science fiction for years to come, but can find practical use in manufacturing micro mechanical sensors in near future. Just some 💭❤️👍

[@jclosed2516]

Tell me about it. Years ago I was making holograms as a hobby. I needed a heavy table on inflated inner tubes to get it vibration free enough. By that time I was working with a 1mW Heliun-Neon laser tube, that I had mounted in a self-designed case. The mirror holders where also self-designed (those part are really very expensive to buy), and use microscope-lens optics with self-made pinholes (using very thick Aluminium foil). I had to use a dark room, with at least of air movement as possible. The holographic film was a Afga 8E75 sheet film (somewhat affordable at 50 sheet packages), and a standard developer (Rodinal) with a self made bleach bath (not easy too get the chemicals for that one) for reflection holograms. I got some really good results with that setup. These day's it's much more easy, because you can use far more powerful diode lasers (in the order of 250 mW or far more), that also have a far longer coherent length (so you can make holograms with more depth). By using those powerful lasers the need of a suspended table is greatly reduced, because exposure time is really very short. There is also a firm (Geola) that still makes holographic film sheets (PFG-01) and conveniently also make the pre-mixed chemicals needed to develop and bleach the film. I am busy to restart my hobby again, so it's going to be fun...

[@aware2action]

@@jclosed2516 Appreciate the details. It was a hobby, that did not materialize for me, due to needs of space,time and resources involved. Neverthless much homework was done. With better tech(esp. high pwr stable coherent lasers) and a sensitive film, it seems definitely doable.

[@jclosed2516]

@@aware2action Yep - Especially the Helium-Neon laser tube was very expensive. I started out with a more affordable 0.5 mW version, but that suffered from too long exposure times, making good enough quality very hard. So I gathered some money and went for the much more expensive 1mW model. Loucky enough all other equipment was self made (except for the surface mirrors of course), so I could at lest keep the cost down. Later on I got the opportunity to work for a studio that made large scale holograms using a 1W Argon laser, and I have learned a lot from that. These day's the diode lasers that are stable enough for holography are a fraction of the cost I payed for the HeNe lasers. As I can now print the majority of the needed equipment on a 3D Bambulab printer, I have another big cost reduction. I can now restart that hobby for under $500, wile in the past I was looking at prices of several times that amount. As said, It's going to be fun... 🙂

[@aware2action]

@@jclosed2516 Glad to hear and feel the renewed enthusiasm to restart a favorite hobby. One thing I am not sure about the diode lasers is, if they are useable without additional cooling such as TEC, to provide enough stability in polatization and wavelength drift. Wish you goodluck, and let me know how it goes☺️. I am trying to restart one of my hobbies as well, ecofriendly inhouse pcb production and assembly in less than an hour!. I do use BL printers, and find them useful for trouble free printing of custom enclosures.

[@jclosed2516]

@@aware2action Yeah - I do a lot of PCB design myself, but I always find it a hassle to work with all that etching fluids and photo sensitive boards. So - I probably take a shot at those cheaper CNC machines to make PCB's that way. There are a few tutorials on YT, so it's worth a try. Oh - And about that cooling. These days you can get complete diode laser modules, that have adequate cooling housing and are stable enough for holography.

[@MDFB985]

Well after if it gets a little cured or hard , the intensity of light projecting inside the part,will be effected, so that material is hard from outside and soft from inside , how do you resolve it

[@stephencase5160]

How is this different from/superior to stereolithography which has been around at industrial scale for decades at this point?

[@mr.chichungli814]

Thanks for the question. Material-wise it is the same, hence the name "holographic lithography". The difference is in the optical projection. 2D image vs 3D image. Stereolithography only have 1 plane of interest and can not control the image on other planes.

[@iiianydayiii]

I imagine this would only work w/ clear resins. I wonder if anyone has had any luck using sound w/ different wavelengths to control penetration into opaque resins/powders.

[@mr.chichungli814]

There are published work using sound waves to print. You can look up "Self-enhancing sono-inks enable deep-penetration acoustic volumetric printing". And of course people use different wavelengths of light as well.

[@ezion67]

So 3D printing CAN be cool.

[@ethanholshouser5648]

At 1:03 the on-screen caption is wrong, he said "tomographic" rather than "topographic".

[@TS_Mind_Swept]

How am I supposed to volumetric print when it doesn't exist yet? D:

[@Z-Ack]

So youre just hardening material within a material with a 3 dimensional modulated laser split between two plains then removing that semi hardened material to be cured in a typical hardening fashion creating a 3d object with more resolution while not having to use any supports on the object during the printing or hardening process.. sounds useful on a micro designing level like for creating biological prosthetics or intricate valves / components for precision applications and devices.. otherwise aside from the medical and micro electronics fields i see little application for such a way of creating things.. but creating a 3d mems device v

[@Terny228]

Very interesting tech that could of been broken down and explained far better but I get the gist.

[@lidarman2]

Lasers are blazing and the one pair of safety glasses are on the corner of the table? 😲 ;)...My laser safety officer would get me fired unless I showed it was eye-safe and disclosed it. That there are safety glasses and barriers indicates a hazard according to safety peeps.

[@injectionAI]

Get back to me when we have programmable matter

[@dulume]

All of that without seeing the actual hologram... wow

[@vebnew]

Wow

[@peterkallend5012]

Although this tech is really cool, it looks really cumbersome.

[@aeorosa]

We live in the future, folks.

[@id104335409]

I'm so torn apart! Should I add this to my Holographic folder or my 3D printing folder?

[@simonkaltenberg3884]

maybe this is the point were you should start a Holographic 3D Printing folder :D

[@KneppaH]

why not both?

[@davedavem]

Pff they just modulate the phase of the light in Fourier space. 😂

[@monster2slayer]

handshake with gloves... please *cringes in chemist*

[@aartyxo]

Hey that’s my school

[@AliDraws]

COMPUTER! Hologram me a streak medium rare. *bleep bloop bloop bleep* . . . I said medium rare, not Raw!

[@3DPFactory1]

This is fascinating. Is it open source yet 😂😂

[@davedavem]

So... The hologram is the easy part? 🤯