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A California jury found former Silicon Valley Elizabeth Holmes guilty conspiracy to defraud Theranos investors from 2010 to 2015 and three counts of wire fraud against three Theranos investors. In Holmes’ case, the loss amount now stands close to $150 million.
Holmes now faces up to 20 years in federal prison and substantial fines when the court sentences her in upcoming months.
Prosecutors filed the same charges against Sunny Balwani and Elizabeth Holmes in their 2018 indictment. Judge Davila allowed separate trials after Holmes' lawyers disclosed that her defense involved accusations against Balwani for emotional and sexual abuse during their relationship.
For Balwani, there are two ways to avoid prison or receive a lighter sentence: to win outright at trial or make a favorable plea deal with the government.
Discussion:
Elizabeth Holmes unsuccessfully tried to save herself from criminal liability for Theranos' business scandals by throwing Sunny Balwani, her former partner in business and life, under the bus.
In 2009, Balwani joined Theranos and became President and Chief Operating Officer, working closely with Holmes for about seven years. According to prosecutors, Balwani was a willing participant in the fraud perpetrated at Theranos from 2010 to 2015.
A significant part of Holmes' defense strategy at trial was to blame Balwani for Theranos' operational failures and accuse him of physical and mental abuse.
Balwani's Defenses:
Now that Holmes has been convicted, what can Balwani do to defend himself and avoid prison? Who can he blame?
Balwani Will Blame Holmes.
First, in all likelihood, Balwani will return the favor and blame Holmes as the person who actually made direct misrepresentations to Theranos' largest investors. After all, Holmes is now convicted.
But witnesses from inside Theranos will testify that Balwani was an integral part of the secretive culture of lies at Theranos, where Balwani and Holmes quashed employee concerns and problems were hidden from the public, investors, and patients.
Balwani Will Claim He Acted in Good Faith/Had No Intent to Defraud:
Second, Balwani, like Holmes, will also argue that he had no intent to defraud investors. Instead, Theranos suffered multiple business failures. The company believed in the start-up's blood-testing technology, but the technology needed more time to develop.
Balwani Can Argue That Business Failure is not Fraud:
Third, Balwani’s team will try to sell a narrative that Holmes could not sell to her jury: that all together, what occurred at Theranos amounts to business failure, not fraud.
A Plea Deal?
It is not too late for Balwani to consider striking a plea bargain with the government in exchange for a lighter prison sentence.
Although rare, prosecutors and defendants can enter into plea negotiations not just before trial but even after a criminal trial is underway.
Obviously, Balwani could have offered to plead guilty and cooperate against Holmes before Holmes' conviction. That opportunity is lost, so Balwani is not in the strongest negotiating position.
Balwani’s Likelihood of Success at Trial
A plea deal makes a lot of sense for a defendant like Balwani, who faces a substantial risk of being convicted at trial.
Assuming most of the witnesses in the Holmes trial retake the stand against Balwani, his lawyers know precisely what to expect. This is an advantage for Balwani, to have seen the details of the government's case in the Holmes trial and be able to confront witnesses and undermine them with their prior statements.
A juror from Holmes' trial explained why the charges of defrauding patients did not stick against Holmes. The jury thought Theranos’ labs were lacking, but a patient's testimony that she got a false positive HIV antibody result did not sway them. The jury decided to acquit Holmes on all four counts of fraud against patients because Holmes was one step removed from patients, so they disagreed that Holmes directly defrauded patients.
One additional risk for Balwani is that Holmes could possibly cooperate with the government to mitigate her own sentence. Holmes’ sentencing will likely take place after Balwani’s trial, opening up the possibility that theoretically, Holmes could be a witness against him. We do not know whether the government would be interested in this scenario.
Conclusion
There is still plenty of time for Balwani and the government to reconsider their strategies and enter into plea bargaining talks. For Balwani, this may be his best chance to accept responsibility, show remorse, avoid the trial penalty, and obtain a lighter sentence.
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