How Cleopatra Nearly Ruled the World | The Life & Times of Cleopatra

Once again, you can get 70% off NordVPN at www.nordvpn.com/jackrackam using the code jackrackam. FUN FACTS & FOOTNOTES BELOW:
So this is a thing! Didn't quite realize how long it was until I was finished, but there you go! Luckily because of how much I had to cut from this video I've got footnotes for days
Footnotes:
0:28 - No, seriously, that family tree is tumbleweed. Cleopatra had a grand total of two great-grandparents, who were also uncle and niece
1:08 Pompey is best general. Fight me, Caesar scrubs
1:10 Fun fact, Mark Antony was there and supposedly stopped Cleopatra's dad from massacring a bunch of people. Also, it's where he allegedly fell in love with Cleopatra at first sight. Another fun fact, she was fourteen and he was twenty-eight
1:14 No, they didn't actually forget, but the effect was the same: a standing army of Romans inside of Egypt that had been left for the pharaoh's "protection".
1:16 Also, if you remember our boy Bibulus from the Pompey episode, he sent two of his sons to Egypt and the ex-Roman soldiers killed him. Cleopatra executed the men responsible, but Bibulus got all pissy at her because only Rome was allowed to punish them. A lesson that would prove to be incredibly valuable down the line.
1:21 Also a famine was her problem too!
1:51 Caesar's pissed because A) He was typically very good about making peace with his political enemies in Rome, and B) "He was a consul of Rome!" meaning Egypt done interfered in Roman politics
2:17 Specifically he lays siege to Caesar in Alexandria. After Alesia, who in their right mind is going to besiege Caesar? Ptolemy XIII thinks he can pull it off because he had more men, which I'll remind you is exactly what Pompey thought and if Pompey can't pull it off no way could this twerp
2:17 More fun facts, Caesar obviously gets reinforcements to fight Ptolemy, and among them is the son of Mithridates VI of Pontus. The son of one of the Republic’s top 5 biggest enemies of all time had to come to Caesar's rescue, I don’t know if that’s a bigger insult to Caesar or Mithridates.
2:35 You know that thing where Antony offers Caesar a crown and Caesar goes "Oh no, I couldn't". Apparently Cicero had a thing against Cleopatra because he was picking on her the whole time she was there, and made sure to mention "Where'd that crown come from, Caesar? Was it your *girlfriend*?"
2:58 She also built a temple for people to worship Caesar just so everyone can make the connection
4:01 Also among Antony's jaunts across the empire was placing Herod in charge of Judea
4:45 If you want to know why Augustus has such a grand mausoleum, it's because he found out Antony was going to be buried in Alexandria so Octavian needed to stick it to him by making a bigger mausoleum in Rome.
6:40 Even though Cleopatra wouldn't let herself be paraded through Rome, Octavian was nice enough to bury her next to Antony in Alexandria, isn't that sweet?
6:40 Octavian didn't kill the two kids she had with Antony - one went on to live in obscurity while another married the king of Numidia, Caesarion was totally gonna get killed so Cleopatra sent him on a boat to flee to India or somewhere equally far away. But Octavian told him "Hey, no, we're cool, you can be in charge of Egypt!" and then psych! Totally killed him
Music:
0:00 Kevin Macleod - The Ice Giants
0:10 Kevin Macleod - Hidden Past
0:25 Toshiko Akiyoshi Jazz Orchestra - Bebop
4:48 George Michael - Careless Whisper
4:59 Toshiko Akiyoshi Jazz Orchestra - Bebop
6:56 Luciano Michelini - Curb Your Enthusiasm Theme
7:20 Preseren & Premrl - Zdravljica (Slovenian national anthem)

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[@furkanunal8268]

How tf is this 22 hours old, the video is a minute old

[@JackRackam]

@@furkanunal8268 It was unlisted for about a day pending sponsor approval

[@furkanunal8268]

@@JackRackam Oh

[@stevenchoza6391]

So your a fan of Baccano? I see you’re a man of culture.

[@ComradeHellas]

How did the proud Yanks allow net neutrality to cease? Where are the 2nd amendment pricks when you need them.

[@alenazwiep2996]

"They've been playing screw, marry, kill with each other for the past two hundred years" is hands-down the best way of describing that mess EVER.

[@chris7372]

Ptolemy family tree? More like family telephone pole.

[@AlphaSutoraiku]

TELEFONMAST

[@galanopouloc]

Nah, more like the the family corn stalk.

[@thathistoryiscoolguy]

Sweet home Alabama

[@JJJBunney001]

Family circle?

[@SlapstickGenius23]

More like a family thicket!

[@2yoyoyo1Unplugged]

Cleopatra was still pretty decent looking even with her more accurate depictions. I also appreciate how this video emphasizes how smart she actually was. I find her a very interesting figure.

[@JackRackam]

Oh yeah, the realistic depictions weren't to say she was ugly, just that Octavian decried her as a seductress, so a lot of depictions have tried to amp up the sex appeal to make her a seductress above all else

[@Archris17]

And I find her figure interesting! HEY-OOOH! Seriously though, Cleopatra get s a bad rap from Octavian and Shakespeare. Really makes you think how differently things could have gone in those days, with literally everything up in the air at that period.

[@2yoyoyo1Unplugged]

LoZ Collector HAHA HEY-OOOH!

[@2yoyoyo1Unplugged]

Jack Rackam oh I know, no worries

[@ilimitadouc]

LoL she was a backstabbing incestuous goldigger

[@nicorhodes837]

*At Roman Casino* Ptolemy: man, I'm really in the hole... Guy: Yeah, gambling's rough..I'm 50 bucks down...you? Ptolemy: I just bet the deed to the entirety of Egypt.

[@Ereshkigal616]

*Scared/Nervous Horus Screeching Noises*

[@MPHJackson7]

Like, the whole country

[@JackRackam]

That's rough buddy

[@mirzaahmed6589]

*in the hole

[@Matteus2109]

Hah, South Park reference.

[@thescribeswife]

"Hey my parents aren't alive" I'M CHOKING

[@Crick1952]

So is she 😏

[@TreyPDB]

nah fr

[@jadenk1409]

My theory is that Cleopatra is the reason why most of rest of her family members were dumb idiots. The Ptolemy player just gave all the stats to Cleopatra alone. And bet his whole playthrough on Cleopatra's reign.

[@jamiemohan2049]

Cleopatra VII's family tree is long and dramatic. But many other members of her family were intelligent. Both of her likely grandmothers (very likely) were very clever.

[@oxtheunlikelycontemplator2682]

Hell her preteen brother managed to oust her and might've made it stick it weren't for Ceasar's help. That's pretty impressive on his part actually. Even the beheading of Pompeii made some level of political sense. If I'm Ptolemy it makes sense that Ceasar would see me as an ally for disposing of his opponent in a dynastic war (at least that's likely how he'd see it).

[@brendanmuller7301]

@@oxtheunlikelycontemplator2682 Yeah but the kid made one major mistake. You see, about pompey, HE WAS A CONSUL OF ROME.

[@pederkjsnes7307]

Know i'm 6 months late, but it wasn't the little kid that made the decisions it was his regent and some of the kid's court. The regent was called Pothinus and was supposed to rule until the kid got old enough to rule himself, but they both got a serious case of dead before that happened

[@tylerdurden3722]

The education she got, was standard for Ptolemiac boys. Basically, her father educated her like a boy. Plus, she wasn't really that intelligent. Speaking a crap load of languages was standard for a male Ptolemiac ruler. Her sister Arsenoe was a far better leader than her (hence why Cleopatra was scared shtless of her). Cleopatra never really got a chance to rule Egypt. Only after Caesar died. Caesar married her to her other brother, and then Ceasar's puppets/advisors ruled Egypt. Hence why Cleo had the free time to run to Italy after Caesar to live in an Italian villa. After Caesar died, she went back to Egypt, killed her brother and then actually ruled...for the first time in her life. But it didn't last long as Anthony used her as a cash cow to pay for his adventures in the East and later to fight Octavian. She sacrificed Egypt for that little romance.

[@coachgoltzbizpro23]

Script: How many mentions of debt should we start this video off with? Jack Rackham: Yes

[@JackRackam]

D E B T

[@tylerdurden3722]

And all the debt wasn't even covered. That Pharoah even made debt with certain Romans, in order to bribe those exact same Romans. And more debt for gifts random gifts.

[@thefrenchkiwi9435]

1:48 HE WAS A CONSUL OF ROME!!!

[@papapok13]

Thank you, I came here for this comment!

[@TransSappho]

You really made Caesar’s time in Alexandria sound like way less of a disaster than it really was. The dude barely survived it

[@tylerdurden3722]

Because it's a story for another time. He was trying not to get sidetracked.

[@TransSappho]

@@tylerdurden3722 I’m not saying he needed to spending any time going into it, but making it sound like Caesar rolled in and kicked Ptolemy’s ass is super misleading. He spent most of his time drinking himself nearly to death under siege and basically wasn’t saved until the last minute by an allied army

[@mylesjude233]

Have an idea for a video: how about Jakob fugger, the wealthiest man in medieval Europe.

[@silano360]

Or Hannibal Barkas, very interesting.

[@batstoast3560]

Oh, that fugger. I hope you have a good day.

[@JackRackam]

Never heard of him before, thanks for the suggestion!

[@mosesracal6758]

I just want to say, I was here before this future episode comes out

[@mylesjude233]

@@JackRackam Just wanna clarify, despite not being a king or emperor, he ran a massive organization, doing things from owning exclusive rights to many copper/silver mines in Europe to lending loans to multiple Holy Roman Emperors and other nobility.

[@TheArklyte]

"How Cleopatra nearly ruled the world." China and India: Cleowho?

[@JackRackam]

Sub-Saharan Africa and the Americas: Cleowhat?

[@gufosufo337]

americas: Cleowhen?

[@JJJBunney001]

Antarctica: random seal noises

[@SeoulMan]

Australia: "WTF, mate?"

[@thenoobprincev2529]

Ruled the world More like Eastern meditranian for less than 2decades/:

[@riconium_]

Fun fact, and speaking of Caesar and Cleopatra “getting down to business,” Caesar nicknamed Cleopatra “golden mouth.” Fun fact 2: her nickname wasn’t about how she spoke 10 languages.

[@enkiimuto1041]

If you guys want to know how inbred the Ptolemy were, check out Overly Sarcastic Productions

[@brendanrivers4737]

I found Jack through OSP. Both fantastic channels.

[@Mr.PepeSilvia]

The "Incitatus for consul" shirt was a nice touch Jack.

[@JackRackam]

I happen to own a shirt that says the same thing

[@ClairBear1989]

Out of the whole dynasty, Cleopatras soul surviving child, her daughter, is the most fascinating to me.

[@ahsokatano6361]

Love the foot notes as much as I love the video. Your sense of humour and storytelling is so awesome.

[@wolfsdrache2638]

This is great. Summarising cleopatras life in under ten minutes is a real achievement considering all the external factors that play a part in it

[@TaeSunWoo]

This needs more views. Your style of telling history is so refreshing. Also Cleopatra is best girl

[@unclejoe7466]

Accidentally watched this at x1.5 speed. My heart won't slow down.

[@billie6528]

1:09 Sidenote. Cleopatra’s sister Berenice IV overthrew their father when he was exiled in Rome and when he came back, he executed her. Second side note: Berenice thought her first husband was so repulsive she had him strangled a few days after their wedding.

[@mistahillshistory1916]

This is a fact-filled rampage through history. I'm so happy I found this channel!

[@coreypatton6290]

More accurate than what Netflix made.

[@JustXavier]

Just discovered your channel and *DAMN* you do good job of making history interesting!

[@JackRackam]

Thanks so much!

[@JustXavier]

Jack Rackam no problem. Just please keep the code coming. I’m liking them more than I will ever admit in public. 😂😂😅

[@ukaszkot6929]

Are you considering an episode about emperor Charles V (besides flashbacks from Henry II episode) love your channel.

[@JackRackam]

Not in the immediate future, but now that I'm starting to do some more popular figures I'd say he's within the realm of possibility

[@wykd3742]

Been waiting for you Jack. Glad to see your back.

[@dylanchouinard6141]

Inb4 HE WAS A CONSOL OF ROME memes

[@LightHolmes]

Your channel deserves so much more recognition. Your storytelling is unique, I remember more information through it!

[@cadettklinge603]

Jack this is a awesome vid. Love it how the quality grew so much in the last months. Keep it up and lets hope for 100k!

[@prestonsmith9450]

This was a great episode. What a gem for during quarantine.

[@jasonblalock4429]

Heh, I like how most of your backgrounds in this were yoinked from AC Origins. :-) (Also, doing a vid on Crassus someday might be fun. Especially the whole 'fire brigade' scam he ran.)

[@silenthunteruk]

Fire brigade scam?

[@JackRackam]

Dude, I got so excited playing that game for the first time you have no idea

[@thomasrinschler6783]

@@silenthunteruk Crassus owned a fire brigade in Rome, and would happily put your house fire out - as long as you sold the burning house to him at a cut-rate price first! Since it was either that or a total loss, people didn't have much choice...

[@jasonblalock4429]

@@thomasrinschler6783 And not just *a* fire brigade. He owned *the* fire brigade, the only one in the city. Whenever there was a fire in Rome, he was there to profit from it. No wonder he, by reputation, became one of the richest men in history.

[@eldorados_lost_searcher]

@@jasonblalock4429 Then, after putting the fire out, he'd fix it up, and either sell it at a higher price than he bought it (obviously) or rent it out. The man knew how to squeeze every sesterce out of his denarii.

[@StevenFox80]

I actually just gave you a standing ovation for how you managed to get your ad in there. Well played!^^

[@Merlodica]

Dude I love your channel. You’re the history teacher I wish I had in High School

[@zach7193]

A brilliant overview of Cleopatra, Jack. Great job.

[@BigBazz-Clips]

Just gotta say you are probably my favourite youtube channel and should have way more subscribers stay awesome can't wait for the next video

[@leon7120]

3:37 “come on over, my parents aren’t alive” IM SCREAMING

[@galanopouloc]

Sigh At 1:51 say it with me: "HE WAS A CONSUL OF ROME!!!!"

[@unclesam5230]

CG ah a man of culture as well

[@C_Shanty1993]

Can you do a video about your namesake, Jack Rackham? Pretty sure you know how to make a story about a pirate even more interesting (and hilarious). Good job again on this one, love every single one of your videos 🤘🏼

[@JackRackam]

Thank you! It'd be quite a short video, I'm afraid, there's not much information about him

[@C_Shanty1993]

Jack Rackam A damn shame. I take any other video you upload then. Because like I said, you, sir, are hilarious. Lots of love X

[@canismajoris4182]

@@JackRackam what about Anne bonny? She was a badass

[@rasho2532]

Cool me : You don't have to redo the script Everytime. I wouldn't mind having a longer video. Me in reality : I want longer videos pleaaaaaase 😭😭😭. I love this so much

[@JackRackam]

The only thing about longer videos is they take longer to make :\ Luckily I put all the stuff I couldn't fit in the footnotes!

[@rasho2532]

@@JackRackam oh I didn't know. I'll check that. Thanks

[@Austrian_Butcher]

Ptolemies: * exist * Habsburg: *Now this is an angers level threat*

[@xFirtewx]

Finaly a Worthy opponent our battle will be legendary.

[@Shannon-rq2hc]

This is my favorite so far. I keep coming back to it. Great job.

[@zanseinofan01]

Slovenia mentioned Zdravljics plays Ah, beautiful.

[@JackRackam]

What an anthem

[@domenlenarcic1976]

@@JackRackam It represents brotherhood and unity across all nations. Written in a shape of a wine cup (seriously: sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zdravljica ) and by a guy who was famous for his love of wine. Thanks for the mention of our small country, I've been watching your videos for a while and it really surprised me :D

[@Sly88Frye]

Wow! Super confident that you'll surpass 100,000 very soon huh. well you're making some pretty great progress

[@Elsass_Bastard]

One of your best videos, Jack!

[@JackRackam]

Thank you!

[@cgt3704]

4:25 Seriously, Cleo. How many children do you want? Cleopatra : "yes"

[@Cjnw]

Fucking normie

[@cgt3704]

@@Cjnw scuse me ?

[@dionadair8195]

PLEASE do a video for Julie d'Aubigny. Her whole life is one disaster after another. Disasters that she caused. And that happened to other people. Please do her, she was awesome.

[@pisto30]

I've never been so happy to get a KZbin notification in my life! YAY!

[@thatguy3421]

What about Mad Jack Churchill. The British WW2 Officer who fought with bagpipes, a scottish broadsword and a longbow

[@redflags6583]

Just came in to say that your voice acting skills for Cleopatra were amazing, really believable! Kinda dropped the ball on the NordVPN line though...

[@connorveenstra]

Who would win: a multi-million dollar Netflix documentary or a cheaply-made video with photoshopped cutouts?

[@Malthius]

I love how Cleopatra has like 8 other kickstarter projects

[@PureAFM]

This is my new favourite video on the internet.

[@messiah6670]

Octavian: I am gonna stop you right there

[@MooShaka89]

I just discovered your channel and I loooove it

[@eacalvert]

I love voice cameos you have from other history KZbinrs

[@lisaweinmann9245]

As usual...I LOVE YOU!! Seriously another great video. Btw is that Vivien Leigh‘s face as Cleopatra?!

[@JackRackam]

It is! Her headpiece is modeled after an actual bust of Cleopatra so she was a clear pick over Elizabeth Taylor

[@zur137]

Why don’t leaders do cool stuff like this anymore

[@Sisyphus_enjoyer]

Cause. Democracy is ghey

[@aliceinwonderland4395]

Legend states every 50 or so years a democratically-elected leader is forced in a situation where he has to do something as extreme as making a tough decision for once in his entire term

[@Manofwar701]

Was just binging on your playlist

[@GalicianGranddaughter666]

I'm in love with this channel

[@nore5992]

Cleopatra : "Almost rule the World" Me : *"Laugh in Unbiased History"*

[@Pakicetus_]

Based and redpilled

[@Boyd2342]

@@Pakicetus_ based? Based on what?

[@nore5992]

@@Boyd2342 You should check this Plebs kzbin.info/www/bejne/eauwkISrjZqImZY

[@mariano98ify]

the damn Egypt Witch...

[@ronjayrose9706]

Is that a dovahatty reference?

[@silentspirit8923]

My history lesson for the day. And the Ptolemies is the most messed up line I've seen. I've seen Blue's video on them over on OSP and boy was it a doozy.

[@muhammadabdullahhanif8860]

I hope there is an alternate world that incest wouldn't make people's offspring became inbreed.

[@1Heirborn]

Their family tree is tumbleweed 🤢

[@thomasrinschler6783]

Blue just gave up in exasperation once he got to Ptolemy VIII and kids, because at that point it just gets crazy complicated. They were all getting divorced and murdered, and then survivors marrying each other's divorced/widowed ex-spouses (who are their siblings or cousins and so on). You need a flow chart to keep track of all the incestuous marriages and offspring!

[@biliminsrlar5752]

Blue was disgusted from seeing that family -tree- circle.

[@camouflageartist8897]

Was Cleopatra Black? Some people say she was. kzbin.info/www/bejne/amSQqZyrdrl-jq8

[@Cliffwalkerrockhounding]

Monty Pythons Flying Circus does history. Love it.

[@farhadzaker2377]

Loved that promotion at the end of th video :))) thumbs up

[@gh0stpx86]

Watching all these videos before school starts so I can actually understand what I’m learning 😀😀😀

[@DDlambchop43]

ok, this may be silly but I really appreciate you used the Vivien Leigh Cleopatra instead of sticking to Liz Taylor. HOnestly, I didn't think anybody else knew about Caesar and Cleopatra.

[@robertshuxley]

congrats on the sub numbers it was just 18k when i first subbed

[@JackRackam]

Oh man, that must've been last summer, right at the beginning of the big rush. Thanks for sticking around all these months!

[@Kuudere-Kun]

Cleopatra was a Ginger. People need to talk more about the Kushite Queens that ruled just south of Cleopatra, they actually beat off Rome.

[@mikligardur9104]

Well Rome really never tried that hard conquerering them but made agreement that secured the southern border of Egypt for centuries. This arrangement worked beautifully and allowed kingdoms like Meroe to escape Roman conquest.

[@Kuudere-Kun]

@jpc1918 Cleopatra didn't have a drop of indigenous Egyptian Blood, she was the last of an Inbred line of Maceodnian royals ruling a Maceodnian colony.

[@mortchen5494]

NO SHE FUCKING WASN’T YOU IDIOTIC WEEB!!!!

[@blackout6772]

Suggestion: Maybe history of Wojtek, soldier bear at Monte Cassino? Or maybe Joseph Piłsudski, one of the guys that was instrumental in regaining Polish independence.

[@MrHat.]

Well the Wojtek video does exist

[@blackout6772]

@@MrHat. Wojtek video is 6 months old. This comments is 10 months old.

[@brokenbridge6316]

Funny n informative video. Nice job.

[@bvthebalkananarchistmapper5642]

That part about logging in from a shared account in Slovenia is oddly specific.

[@JackRackam]

Well you know, hypothetically speaking

[@bvthebalkananarchistmapper5642]

@@JackRackam Understandable, have a great day.

[@alexandrenunesdeoliveira9417]

You make it look like the ultimate postmodern soap opera!

[@nanigov4725]

Oh God Im excited for this one

[@PureAFM]

6:05 is a video editinig master piece

[@JO-bg3bu]

I love this channel😂

[@carol7851]

I love this guy's voice.

[@yossarian644]

Jack, now that you're a quarantined landlubber I expect more videos, aaarr!!!

[@somerandomweeb2746]

yoooo our boy finally got a sponsorship

[@greenbutter3190]

Stable video👍

[@jamesmurphy9317]

Wolfe Tone is back baby!!!

[@RevampedOutdoors]

"I did it, I'm a real youtuber now." Lol such a great channel.

[@stasiugaska2838]

I really enjoy the goofiness of your animations. Could you share what program you use to animate them?

[@JackRackam]

Thanks! Everything's done using the Adobe Suite

[@SunsetInStone]

my mans really plugged the goat show Baccano. MY MAN.

[@LilMissDiscord]

Fun suggestions: Bess of Hardwick, Simon de Montfort, Roger Mortimer, Isabella of France, Yolande de Polastron (& her son Jules de Polignac), James Hepburn (husband to Mary Queen of Scots)

[@charlotte-mg9wj]

Startled Ptolemey from TV series Rome looks very startled indeed, priceless

[@timothyhayes9724]

I had to literally pause the video after "I'm a real KZbinr now" b/c I was laughing so hard

[@tagalongtoourpast]

Love the sunfish! Excellent mode of transportation....

[@JackRackam]

Agreed!

[@eazy8579]

How dare you miss the opportunity to use the phrase "Brusband"

[@JackRackam]

I apologize for squandering this clear potential

[@Unbottled.Water23]

Do King Harald Fairhair next

[@BestWayKilla]

"There's no way they can lose!" Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa: "You sure about that?"

[@judykim4866]

Can you do a video on the hapsburg dynasty and the cause of the hapsburg chin? Thank u!! I think you're hilarious!

[@GaaraFan01]

but just imagine Cleopatra being incarnated right now and seeing KZbin videos like this lmao

[@billyyank2198]

Much better than that so-called “documentary” on Netflix.

[@Amy-yq4lk]

I checked so many streaming services a few months ago, looking for one that had Baccano to no avail. And now you're telling me I needed to live in ITALY. WHY. ONLY. ITALY.

[@JackRackam]

The title's in Italian, maybe somebody at Netflix got confused

[@MaxwellAerialPhotography]

1:48 *H E W A S A C O N S U L O F R O M E !*

[@abbeycase143]

when you're so well educated that the Romans tell everyone you were so hot you seduced julius caesar and marc antony *Cleopatra intensifies*

[@obivan22431]

or she was just smoking hot...

[@Master-Bait]

Octavian: *"BE GONE THOT!"*

[@katjagolden893]

Love your use of Vivian Leigh as Cleopatra. She was much better than Liz Taylor (in beauty that is)

[@Heranara]

Well at least you didn't get Augustus(Octavian) and Caesars statues mixed this time.

[@JackRackam]

Maybe next time

[@ibnyahud]

nice Cogito cameo lol

[@James_Wisniewski]

It really can't be overstated what a gigantic fiasco the Parthian campaign was for Antony. First, before he even got there, some guy nobody's ever heard of, whose job was just to keep an eye on things, ended up winning a bunch of major victories by accident. Then, when he was going through Armenia to get to Parthia, he was routed by the Parthians because he wasn't half as slick as he thought and everybody and their dog knew what he planned to do. Then, on the way home, he hemorrhaged most of his army, and by the time they returned to Roman territory, they more closely resembled a bedraggled, starving mass than a glorious army. Then, in a butthurt rage, he blamed the Armenian king, who favored Rome, for the defeat and had him killed, meaning the king's son, who favored Parthia, ended up on the throne. Basically, Parthia was for Antony what Phillipi was for Octavian, but unlike Octavian, Antony was too much of a knobbish frat boy to successfully propaganda his way into making everyone forget about it.

[@davididiart5934]

You actually used Fatboy Ptolemy from HBO's Rome, you Mad Lad!