If RGV had ended his caeer with Rakta Charitra (2010), he'd have been remembered as one of the greatest directorial careers in Bollywood.
@sunilkumar-iq2oq Жыл бұрын
RGV has more number of admirers in 2023 than in 90s or 2000s. His philosophy series ramuism is a big hit and lakhs of people are inspired by his philosophy. He is an objectivist and he only does what he really wants to do at that time. Gone are those old days of film making as he doesn't enjoy it now and he has other goals and ambitions. He is still number 1 and will always be as his philosophy forever shines which is based on Ayn Rand, Nietzsche, Schopenhauer etc.
@bitik9847 Жыл бұрын
He is Tollywood 🤫 Rakta charitra is Tollywood film
@TheUnknown-cg9df Жыл бұрын
My dear friend, Dil Se was not directed by Ram Gopal Varma. It was directed by Mani Ratnam...
@Sreekumar_ Жыл бұрын
Yes. RGV produced the film
@livingtribunal2901 Жыл бұрын
Actually vedant said produced
@Marendra_Nodi_IPC_420 Жыл бұрын
I can write you on a sheet of paper with blood🩸...... Dil Se was mostly directed by RGV because it's direction was different than Mani Rathnam direction. No doubt it flopped. 😂😂😂
@atishay41026 ай бұрын
@@Marendra_Nodi_IPC_420 kch bhi?
@shashank95915 Жыл бұрын
Satya and Rakta Charitra will always be the most impactful movies made in Bollywood.
@rajveer_.singh-0000 Жыл бұрын
Rakta Chritra is very underrtated
@shashank95915 Жыл бұрын
@@rajveer_.singh-0000 Yeah it is very underrated but a masterpiece.
@Aytaswindoo Жыл бұрын
Satya and rakta charitra are not Bollywood movies bro😅
@Du.....249 Жыл бұрын
@@Aytaswindookaise ?
@romangenetic155 Жыл бұрын
@@Du.....249Satya movie actor jd chakravarty is Telugu actor and RGV is also a Telugu actor side characters are Hindi rakcharitra is a real story based on Andhra Pradesh state anantapur factionist paritala ravindra and his enemy Suri story Telugu actors rejected to act in RGV Telugu raktacharitra because of the threatens from factionist about life stories so RGV casted non Telugu actors in raktacharitra and dubbed it in Hindi language even Tamil actor Surya gave his orginal Hindi voice raktacharitra is a Telugu movie dubbed in Hindi with orginal voices rgv always make movies on real stories based in Andhra Pradesh he casted other industries actors in Telugu film Vivek Oberoi Hindi Surya Tamil sudeep kannada
@ramthyagarajan Жыл бұрын
Raat, Shiva, Satya, Kaun, Company, Bhoot, Naach, Sarkar, Sarkar Raj, Rakta Charitra - A generation of Indians grew up with his movies, once they grew up, they moved to other things. It takes a lifetime or a few generations of film makers to achieve the filmography RGV achieved in few years. Also, RGV was the first in the tradition of his style of film making who broke away from the mold of parallel cinema and found commercial success and stardom - others followed and maybe they are more successful than him today - but nobody can take away his contribution to Indian cinema.
@madhu6462 Жыл бұрын
U forgot to mention Rangeela, his blockbuster movie.
@surajm4547 Жыл бұрын
Most of his movies were flops... just hyped by the media.
@madhu6462 Жыл бұрын
@@surajm4547 flop nhi ghatiya bolo😅 kuch movies jo shuruat me banaye the woh ache the then he became garbage.
@Marendra_Nodi_IPC_420 Жыл бұрын
You forgot Shiva Kshana Kshanam Criminal Shool . Biggest hit.... RGV ki AAG. 😅😅😅
@ADI-rn7vm Жыл бұрын
Just a slight correction, "Dil se" was directed by Mani Ratnam not Ram Gopal Varma.
@Sreekumar_ Жыл бұрын
Yes. RGV produced the film
@DA-sp2qy Жыл бұрын
RGV is the Kanye west of bollywood
@lolong5976 Жыл бұрын
Will Smith actually 😂
@anuranangoswami9742 Жыл бұрын
Was thinking the exact same
@g.c.rbenny3461 Жыл бұрын
It's actually tollywood
@vijay5 Жыл бұрын
@@g.c.rbenny3461 you are disrespecting Kanye West actually
@FamilyRani-ee3bu Жыл бұрын
@@vijay5you have no idea the shit Kanye speaks… rgv atleast makes way too much sense when talking about politics atleast
@ritamchakraborty1649 Жыл бұрын
I'm 10 years ahead mentally, and I am trapped in today's time and every now and then I'll crack you a smile....
@BhupendarSingh Жыл бұрын
One most underrated and way ahead of its time movie was 'Rann' released in 2010. About how media could impact the political balance of a nation. Which is the current reality. Its a must watch and I would highly recommend.
@rajeevcherpa2581 Жыл бұрын
One of the Best film of RGV
@prize5ighter Жыл бұрын
True true makes sense Rann was truly ahead of its time
@08rohannagarale622 ай бұрын
And vo movie aaj bhi underrated hai koi bat nhi krta 😅
@Comicbroe405 Жыл бұрын
Glad you made on this! I remember when he was liteally considered as one of India's best. So for him going from that to this is such a whiplash.
@a_m4608 Жыл бұрын
His personal life played a major role in his downfall,for a while Urmila matondkar was his muse then suddenly Antara Mali, then Nisha kothari,his sudden inclination towards Mohit Alhawat...I'm no expert but you can see the patterns,if he prefers someone he puts them on the pedestal or cut off completely.
@Rish0910 Жыл бұрын
So u mean to say he turned gay!? 😅
@prize5ighter Жыл бұрын
@@Rish0910don't know about that but yeah back in 2006-07, Mohit Ahlawat was the poster boy for RGV. 2 of his films James and Shiva (2006) featured Mohit Ahlawat in the lead role.
@sanjayvaidya4925 Жыл бұрын
He groomed them. Don't gold plate a turd.
@SaubhikDas-k3h Жыл бұрын
His lust destroyed him.. simple🙂
@shivaprakashmyname Жыл бұрын
His mind is hijacked by Kaama deva or some evil spirit...so he cannot concentrate on his movies now..this is the sign of the downfall of most famous people
@Kabaxindia10 ай бұрын
Har tharki insan ka yahi Haal hota hai … Chahe wo koi bhi ho kisi bhi field me ho… En logo ko lagta hai inhe koi dekh or samjh nahi raha hai😂
@a_m4608 Жыл бұрын
Personally I'll always think of RGV as the brave giant killer of Bollywood,will always thank him for his movies(till company).
@vedantrusty Жыл бұрын
Sameeee
@Life.is.a.library Жыл бұрын
RGV case is a pretty straight forward, Daru ne barbad kr dia. Anyone can see his face and get the idea of how much he drinks
@abhishekalfred3452 Жыл бұрын
My favourite bollywood director. His camera work, his work with sound and light was revolutionary and something never seen before especially with shiva .
@sanjayvaidya4925 Жыл бұрын
Typical it's the dop who s camera work and sound editor who's works you applauded. Director highlights his vision the team executes.
@deepakjena3628 Жыл бұрын
Yes movie Shiva has a very different camera angle
@chvbrnaidu99944 ай бұрын
One of the best videos on RGV I have seen recently. Whatever you said is 100% true. Every legendary director in his last days of his career fades away. But in his case, he is deliberately jumping in to the well, revelling and refusing to be rescued and mocking those piting him. Now it's the claimax of a tragedy cinema called RGV, we need to savour the earlier happier parts.
@gauthambadikala4849 Жыл бұрын
RGV as a director and RGV as a person are two different things.
@mg9854 Жыл бұрын
Sadly "RGV as a person" and "RGV as a director" are not different anymore!
@RR-oo2wf Жыл бұрын
Actually Same Happened Also With Dev Annand
@vedantrusty Жыл бұрын
What is your favourite Ram Gopal Varma film?
@Joy-hk3iv Жыл бұрын
Satya
@someshneekhra5979 Жыл бұрын
Rakt charitra ❤
@vinayaksharma1109 Жыл бұрын
Kaun?
@Sumeetyt5165 Жыл бұрын
Satya
@sentinelindia Жыл бұрын
@@vinayaksharma1109koi ni Bhai.. ye aapke intellect se thodi upar ki bat ho rhi hai
@ravisharma-xz1lv Жыл бұрын
Don't forget Rangeela.....an absolute rocker.....
@nachiket_daithankar Жыл бұрын
Sarkar will always be one of my favorite films of all time. Big B, Abhishek killing it and just the overall tone of the movie. A+❤ Hope Ramu comes back to his senses😢
@vivekb1184 Жыл бұрын
Ladkibaaz hain bada woh..All his movies when he was on his top revolved around his love interests..pehle Urmila phir Antara Mali and then final nail in the coffin priyanka kothari. And the end movie making is a business you need to churn profits.
@raja-jl9os Жыл бұрын
al pacino ki wife abhi 29 saal ki h😂
@jaydevbaskaran1857 Жыл бұрын
U have did really good editing in thid video. N u are really good in this job 👍
@usreepatra8 ай бұрын
I knew RGV from his horror series darna mana hai, bhaisab i was a kid that time and it still haunts me. It's sad to see him this way because his comeback is important bollywood ki standard stable karne k liye
@__________________________8975 Жыл бұрын
This setup and background both are amazing ❤️
@krishnasai841 Жыл бұрын
He is still making the same movies what he made 20 years ago. I am not surprised by the subjects he is choosing. But he has become a good punching bag for lot of KZbinrs and critics because they like a good downfall story. In my opinion he has accomplished far more than lot of directors in this industry who has to envy a lot from him. He brought lot of innovation and introduced new artists to the industry. Whatever reputation you can ascribe to him won't change the success or the impact of the films that have brought to several industries.
@cheguevera9177 Жыл бұрын
Ramu did not fall. He chose the life he is living. He is having fun with his life unlike others who are interested only in impressing others and maintaining image.
@shivaprakashmyname Жыл бұрын
But his family life is ruined and has been divorced..so he is not showing that his personal life ruined but deep within he is feeling lonely and distressed which most self centric people do not show the public...they suffer silently
@rajdas6845 Жыл бұрын
You will of course know about downfall with that maniac as your profile pic. Either that or you are a pervert yourself like Verma.
@This-is-Dystopia5 ай бұрын
@@shivaprakashmyname suffering for oneself is better than suffering for others. At least he doesn't need to blame someone else for that unlike us who constantly complain about petty things.
@ElectricGuitarStyles Жыл бұрын
Atleast RGV is honest is not afraid to speak his mind unlike so many spineless people in Cinema industry and that risks his reputation and career . He’s like Go big or go home .
@iamarnesh68Ай бұрын
Passing cheap sexualized body comments on legendary late actress Sridevi, body shaming journalist for not giving good review about his third class B grade storyless movie, kissing junior actress's legs is not what you describe as honesty, And most importantantly he is not a legendary director anymore, he is posting b grade horny videos over youtube, you can see in his channel. Loosing reputation and career as a cult classic director is not justified by any means.
@randomytstuffz Жыл бұрын
Whatever it is, I'd love to see RGV bounce back.
@vedantrusty Жыл бұрын
True
@arnavagain Жыл бұрын
New editing style dope 🔥🔥
@avinashkumaryadav420 Жыл бұрын
RGV & I have one similarity, we both fell for Mia Malkova
@vinodhkona9936 Жыл бұрын
Every one except RGV is worried about his reputation..... RGV knows exactly what he is doing..... He is a legend.... People need brain to live life.....
@vijaykumar.s. Жыл бұрын
👏👏👏
@Rish0910 Жыл бұрын
Live life as in suck the feet of women? 😅
@shivaprakashmyname Жыл бұрын
But his family life is ruined and has been divorced..so he is not showing that his personal life is ruined but deep within he is feeling lonely and distressed which most self centric people do not show the public...they suffer silently by having addiction to extra marital sex and drugs
@abzah29 Жыл бұрын
@05:07, Dil Se film was made by manirathnam, not by RGV.
@bizzarebhide Жыл бұрын
You'll probably be making a similar video about Anurag Kashyap in another 5-6 years. And I say this as the biggest Anurag Kashyap fan.
@gauthambadikala4849 Жыл бұрын
Reputation is what you and I are bothered about. He doesn't give a damn about it. He's living the life according to his terms. Whether we like it or not he doesn't care.
@rudebgayen7015 Жыл бұрын
Bro, your research was awesome but there is a mistake. Crosscheck once. Dil se was Maniratnam film.
@vedantrusty Жыл бұрын
It was produced by ram Gopal Varma actually
@jaisanatanrashtra7035 Жыл бұрын
Actress does Item song Society : 🤐 Director falls for a Girl Society : How dare he ? 😠👊
@satyajitmajhi1406 Жыл бұрын
A certain someone who claimed to be close relative of RGV, said me, when i asked, why RGV s like this now - & he said that RGV said him --> Everybody has a phase, and my phase has gone (something like that, i heard it like a year back)
@vedantrusty Жыл бұрын
damnnnnnnnn
@dr.downvote Жыл бұрын
Good actress like Samantha does an item song after divorce… Audience : ooooohhhhhh, woooooohhhhhh Ram Gopal Varma does whatever he wants in his life .. People : noooooooooooo, he fell down! It’s his downfall!
@madhavan566 Жыл бұрын
we all wanted him to live his life in our way!
@parallaxx101 Жыл бұрын
I enjoy the movies he makes now. His work is boldly unapologetic, as always/ Maybe unacceptable to many - But bold none the less. Pre Aag / he made cult classics. Aag / He tried to clone a classic. Presently / He is taking the camera where it has never been before ! Literally. Its a different kind of "pathbreaking".
@anmolbhatia9707 Жыл бұрын
I think RGV has done so much for indian cinema that he has truly been that gamechanger,so one should not actually demand that comeback from him,one should just respect the legacy he created!!!
@_Sunny_17 Жыл бұрын
Down fall nahi hai bhai he his enjoying his life...as per his choice❤
@donjohndemarco18 сағат бұрын
Here's a great Director from the South who then just goes on to make: 1) Satya 2) Rangeela 3) Company 4) Sarkar 5) Bhoot The man is a genius. And he's living his life the way he wants to and still making movies the way he wants to. Reputation doesn't even matter. The man is already God.
@prize5ighter Жыл бұрын
Welcome back, Rusty browa! 🔥🔥
@srikar9 Жыл бұрын
What happened to RGV is that he took himself too seriously. That's it.
@vedantrusty Жыл бұрын
Hmmmm
@nirvana10393 Жыл бұрын
exact opposite. He does not take himself seriously at all. That is why he can have fun without worry about reputation.
@12villages Жыл бұрын
I had commented way back that rgv would end up a joke. People didn't understand what I was trying to say. Later after sacred games came out, I said the same thing about anurag kashyap. Again people didn't get it.
@vvikram8562 Жыл бұрын
5:06 Dil Se ....???? Mujhe laga k ManiRatnam ki movie hi..... 😂😂😂😂😂 kaise kaise log KZbin pe aagaye 😂😂😂😂
@vedantrusty Жыл бұрын
produced by ram gopal Varma, bina baat ke bakwas nahi kara karte
@karthikvijay Жыл бұрын
Finally some good Good content, is old rusty here ?
@skysedgeproductions617011 ай бұрын
I met Ramu 6 years back in COMPANY office. He is still extremely intelligent but his overindulgence in women drinks laziness yes men ruined him.
@imranshariff5412 Жыл бұрын
There can't be too much talent without eccentricity. RGV is not done yet. He is a trend setter, to discover a trend, he has to fail many times.
@Mythpathz Жыл бұрын
I hope he comebacks to his roots one day
@srikrishna1748 Жыл бұрын
Koi izzat nai...is ka kya matlab....take back your words. We love RGV.....Achhi topic leke.... meaning less scrypt padraheho bhai.....No no you should not do this..... You still making videos on this Legend. Kya ye kaafi nahi...Kya ye izzat nahi........mind your words brother.....but still I appreciate you made this video on my boss.... Love you bro..... keep making such videos with respect on him ❤❤❤❤
@studdscreations Жыл бұрын
He never cared about his reputation... 🤣🤣🤣
@max-cs9ko Жыл бұрын
Unpopular opinion but his lady Bruce Lee movie was actually good
@vedantrusty Жыл бұрын
damn
@Chudan-lal-chunni Жыл бұрын
Bruh 💀💀
@PrabhanjanMangalgi Жыл бұрын
RGV is both things 1) how to be a trend setter & 2) how not to be a trend setter!! His last best movie was Raktacharitra-1 starring Vivek Oberoi, Sushant Singh and Abhimanyu Singh.
@Hi-HK Жыл бұрын
Did you get a new editor? Quality has increased.
@vedantrusty Жыл бұрын
yes trying out a few new people
@isolatmen Жыл бұрын
5:06 Dil se.. ??
@Nighthowler--153610 ай бұрын
Anyrag kashyap said in his interview that Ramu sir is living his life his way, he is happy, sure he has made mistakes but we should respect their choice
@chawalpookie525 Жыл бұрын
thanks brother karma ka rap breakdown karne ke liye wahi sochu ram gooal verma hai kon
@samratvchakraborty5157 Жыл бұрын
Raat was one of the best horror movies, The camera is the eyes of the ghost which is not seen throughout the movie until the last minute.
@deepakjena3628 Жыл бұрын
I don't believe that he could not adapt , still Satya is a cult classic , he has a great understanding of cinema and he had established his name and got his audience, the reason must be something else ,first thing he made a distant from bollywood , he was vanished ,after a while he was found in South India by making B-grade softcore movies
@ravichandra3210 Жыл бұрын
How he ruined his reputation?! RGV: " I don't give a fuck about my reputation from the beginning!" 💀💀💀💀
@HimanshuinSearchOfSomethingNew Жыл бұрын
Bro Next Analysis on - Priyadarshan
@laxmankamal2349 Жыл бұрын
He is never a director!! He is a smart mentally strong kid who has less attention span!! He is good this way , he is doing what ever he wants , and no need to impress others , audiences and society. There is no such thing like reputation,self respect exist for RGV. He is beyond normal human machines.
@A_tiny_spec_on_earth Жыл бұрын
Whatever you said is fine but he never objectified women You can check actresses interviews who worked with him. I m not a fan of him as a director but I am his disciple as a philosopher and intellect.
@gokuvegeta9500 Жыл бұрын
Intellect lol
@sushmiiitaaa10 ай бұрын
Kaun hai is still one of the best suspense triller
@rao85595 ай бұрын
RGV was the first film maker in India to use steadicam . In Shiva, he wanted the action scenes to be more dynamic . There is so much that could be done with the tripod set up. He discovered that Annapoorna studios had a steadicam but his cinematographer S. Gopal Reddy didnt care for it as there was no stability- Cinematographers have a reputation of being artistic and creative but they are actually notoriously conservative! RGV countered- what need for stability in an action scene where chaos, confusion and motion are constant
@purpleswan_leo9 ай бұрын
Unrelated but I watched dil se again recently and like wtf was it? It pained me to watch it at this day and age. Although, the music score of the movie and the album remain superior..
@amitaammu8336 Жыл бұрын
Right. Muje sarkaar bohot pasand aai
@ritamchakraborty1649 Жыл бұрын
gold tier watch bhaiya.
@_swapnilmishra_ Жыл бұрын
Rann is very underrated and Rakta Charitra is in his top 3
@tejasnetkar Жыл бұрын
Dil se was directed by mani ratnam
@Life.is.a.library Жыл бұрын
I think the research in this video is on the weaker side, What RGV did as a director in cinematography and film making with some example would make this video on some other level, which would not be so difficult to do. Just a feedback
@AyeshaSadafHussain Жыл бұрын
Yes. I think that too. Only making a video for the sake of video making. Most staffs are taken from Facebook memes.
@prize5ighter Жыл бұрын
@@AyeshaSadafHussaintrue
@sivapaturu5784 Жыл бұрын
He claimed his hit movies are accidental and flop movies are intentional
@rimmigoyal5020 Жыл бұрын
He has all the right to ruin his reputation.. HE EARNED IT FIRST :)
@shivaprakashmyname Жыл бұрын
But his family life is ruined and has been divorced..so he is not showing that his personal life is ruined but deep within he is feeling lonely and distressed which most self centric people do not show the public...they suffer silently by having addiction to extra marital sex and drugs
@yahiyakhan077 Жыл бұрын
This is quality content
@moonshade99 Жыл бұрын
Are yaar koi RGV wapas lao , emotional support karo ,inko just love or kindness chaiye , forgive him
@bhanutejareddy5152 Жыл бұрын
Ram Gopal Varma is just living how he want to... He himself said that he makes movies for himself...and not for anybody else. And We Just Liked His Taste for various reasons. Now also He is doing what he likes... But We are not liking it...Thats it If U ask Telugu young audience... He is Kind of Inspiration for His Ideology and Out of Box Thinking... More than his movies. May be We should know more about his ideology rather than his movies... to Decode RGV
@the.90s Жыл бұрын
Dil se was not a RGB movie..Dil Se was Written and directed by Mani Ratnam .
@gauravwaghmare388311 ай бұрын
Dil se isn't ram gopal verma film? It was directed by mani ratnam
@kiranmohan9049 Жыл бұрын
Ram Gopal Verma is superb I'm big fan of his movies Raat, Satya, Bhoot, Shiva & many more
@relaxingmeditation57834 ай бұрын
I am still waiting for satya 3
@munnamurliprasad5065 Жыл бұрын
Rised his reputation not ruined. "Yatra Naryastu pujyate ramante tatra devatah " . Jo bhi ho aurat ka pair me aakar girne wala kam nhi kiya usne balki pooja ki hai. 😂
@priestf1964 Жыл бұрын
Okay so I stumbled upon this video randomly and watched it, I am not a RGV fan but i have few things to say after watching this video. Why show RGV making B-grade films and having his way with women and sex in a bad light? What's the issue with him casting pornstars like Mia Malkova for a movie. Just that he does a lot of things on camera does not make others a no sin GOD as this country has one of the highest population in the world and how much Porn and porn industry sells and makes money in Indian market is not a hidden fact. We Indians are a bunch of hypocrites, who would watch porn and adult content all day in our rooms but criticize people working in the industry and making money out of it to live their lives. Same happened with Raj Kundra in the recent times. I am pretty sure what RGV does on camera is what even lot of other prominent industry people do just that they behave as IDEAL PERSONALITIES in the media. As you said maybe he likes making content like this, and so called educated audience that you are talking about shying away from his content are probably SECRETLY sitting in their rooms watchin Mia Malkova perform in his movies. I am tired of watching Indians degrade the Adult/Porn industry and its working class and people associated with it. As I said BUNCH OF HYPOCRITES.
@Subha-n5p Жыл бұрын
idk hindhi in this video did he mention dil se as the work of rgv coz dil se was directed by maniratnam
@ahambrahmasmiom Жыл бұрын
Company was such a great movie.
@shubhamsandilya Жыл бұрын
bhai raw and real season3 ka next episode kab ayega?
@VENUGOPAL-w7z Жыл бұрын
Dil se is not RGV's Movie.
@TheysaidWeheard Жыл бұрын
Maine Satya puri ni dekhi but I really like Rakht Charitra ❤
@vedantrusty Жыл бұрын
yusss
@UshaUsha-re3gu Жыл бұрын
Mai malkova ki film kisne dekhi hai😂 hand's up
@rohitnayak9952 Жыл бұрын
Hum Hollywood movie nhi dekhte
@rituldas232 ай бұрын
Mai nhi bhai mia😂😂😂
@imb75 Жыл бұрын
Rgv jaisa aajtak koi paida nhi hua, kitne stars ko launch kiya aur super stars banaya, per Rum Gin and Vodka (RGV) with lust and everyday sex with alcohol simply ruined his screen life. Bahut hi bura lagta hai Yaar bahut bura, u don't believe guys when ever am at panjagutta, hyderabad I'll definitely take a round of his office it makes me proud to be his city mate 🎉❤
@coolsand Жыл бұрын
Good video; but there are 100 videos made exactly like this about RGV; I found nothing new in here. Good narration though
@FamilyRani-ee3bu Жыл бұрын
He didn’t ruin anything… he is just living the way he wants… we should mind our own business
@n4gpal Жыл бұрын
It seems someone has done black magic to him.
@gamingtech_30 Жыл бұрын
Nah, bro just let his instructive thoughts win
@pila24 Жыл бұрын
Everyone will have the passion to do a certain thing for a certain period of time.. just like one want to take retirement after certain period of time . He has got life..let him lead the way he wanted.😅
@jeekakrishna Жыл бұрын
Vedant bhai, your thoughts haven't become Rust over the years.
@yummyyyyyy2299 Жыл бұрын
He is the most intelligent man abundant of knowledge in india.. even a psychologist cannot win against him
@anitadeshpande2696 Жыл бұрын
Isolation from world and losing sense of ongoing events, seems like he is suffering from a mental health disease.....