Human Metabolism Map - Cellular Respiration (Glycolysis and The Krebs Cycle)

[@armandohasudungan]

📌MAKE THIS LECTURE STICK: FREE PRACTICE QUESTIONS HERE! 🎓 youmakr.ai/test-playground/questionnaire/673d5232859b9c170836f263

[@amctaggart7016]

honesty you should be paid more than my professors, in 20 minutes i understood more than i have in 20 hours of lecture

[@imhers85]

I agree!!

[@joshdavis3824]

Great job! All of the drawings are clean and easy to understand. The information is articulated very well. Your hard work is appreciated!

[@Cultuz]

So glad I found your channel man. Your artwork is superb and you have exactly the details that I need for my medicine studies.

[@craigjones8558]

I understood about 2% of that, but really enjoyed watching the whole leason. Great presentation style

[@luisalberto-ng8mv]

lmfao

[@coraline-2000]

He lost me at krebs cycles then I also started to appreciate the art 😂😂

[@UlrichRB]

Dude, you just earned a new subscriber! YOU REALLY SAVED MY LIFE, KEEP UP THE AWESOME VIDS, MAN!!!!!!!!! Brofist from Mexico!!!

[@CastilloTallaj]

Love the videos man great work.... i just wanted to make a couple notes... you set that the cell you were taking as an example was a hepatocyte so hexokinase has to be called glucokinase (they do the same thing but one has grater affinity then the other for glucose and higher rate of phosphorilation adding to that hexokinase is located on all tissues but beta cell of pancreas and hepatocytes where hexokinase is found) ... the aldolase in this pathway remember is aldolase A since aldolase B is found on the fructose pathway... and a final note phospho-fructo-kinase has to be called phopho-fructo-kinase 1 since we have a Phospho-fructo-Kinase 2 which its product stimulate the PFK1 action.... Anyway this are minor notes but for exam purposes i think worth knowing... keep up the work is wonderful.... cheers

[@erinpichiotino6349]

Hi ! Do you have PDF copies of these maps? Would be super helpful! THank you

[@Samsalla71]

This is the best video I have seen so far. Brilliant! Because you show as well, where this stages take place. Thanks for that.

[@fnagdungdagint]

My hat goes of for anyone who gets this.

[@CariBaez]

fnagdungdagint 😫

[@magnuswardeberg4862]

Is there a way to download a copy of these notes ?

[@Tushar_mane]

+Magnus Wardeberg yes. There is. Go to his website and watch this video over there. You`ll see the option to get this work in `.img` format.

[@abiramirajasegaran4734]

+Tushar Mane Can't seem to find the PDF version of this here or on the website?

[@jerrywu6830]

The illustrations and easy explanation really help out with this microbiology class! much appreciated! liked and subscribed!

[@goldenmean9262]

Wow! Unbelievable how much I learned looking at this video compared to sitting in a lecture. So helpful! Thanks so much.

[@m1164]

Armando you are the best, keep up the good work.

[@mychoice5218]

Since last two years no comment on this vedio but new updated is i am fan for ur teaching style thank you very much what you tube gives to u idont know but ur giving lot of knowledge to many people god blessu😍😍

[@EchoesoftheGoldenAge]

words can't express how great it is! I admire your work, I with you could make tutorials for map thinking.

[@psychosadat]

great vid man but my teacher taught me that a-ketoglutarate is the only compond which undergoes oxidative deccarboxylation in krebs cycle and said that isocitrate converts into oxalo succinate by dehydrogenation ,which later on converts into a-ketoglutarate through decarboxylation.

[@huntersikari]

Hi The formula of Citrate is C6H5O7 right? but it does not look like it contains 6 carbon the way you drew its structure at 9:16, rather it looks like it has 4 carbons? How is that possible? Thank you very much for the video

[@holoceneheart777]

citrate c6h8o7

[@prabhubiograd]

Awesome!! Very well taught. Shows your hold over language and the subject.

[@benchristofferson8592]

You should really make a video about Photosynthesis. I know it may be out of your topic range, but it would help show the other side of the carbon cycle. Plus your videos are always awesome, so I'm sure it will help me understand the process of Photosynthesis better.

[@nikitagupta6164]

A suggestion. Your videos are very good. But they'd be a little less confusing if you mentioned where your straight lines indicate only bonds and where they include less important carbon atoms as well. For example, in citric acid, there are 6 carbon atoms. The diagram you use shows 4 carbon atoms (that's what I first thought, being someone who studies organic chemistry). I agree, this representation makes it a lot easier to visualise the cycle. I'm just suggesting that you mention this somewhere because it gets confusing. A side note, a list of the actual structures in the end, red dots for the atoms -- anything. It's a pity to have to stop and google the full structure of every molecule in the cycle. GREAT JOB THOUGH! You're channel is really useful. I appreciate the sheer number of topics you've covered, the accuracy of the information you present, and goodness, the neatness! Thank you for putting so much time into this!

[@dcnickb7924]

Hello there :) I am an university italian student, and your lesson are awesome, thank you so much, :)!

[@xKatAB]

Thank you so much for this! I have to write an exam on this tomorrow and was re-reading through my notes and didn't understand most of the diagrams and this helped A LOT! Going to make study cards now.

[@vincentlessard507]

Man you're awesome. I am going to look into some uni classes in biology, back to school!

[@ann9787]

wow this is amazing! thank u so much for this as it really helped me understand cellular interaction

[@aladin1216]

dude. thank you! You really helped my understanding and anxiety on this topic

[@katerinaereandilmudronova2487]

Thanks a lot for your videos, it's a great review for my final exams. Yet I have to suggest mentioning that succinate dehydrogenase is in fact complex II in oxidative phosphorylation. I watched the oxidative phosphorylation video and I wasn't able to recall the purpose of complex II.

[@huntersikari]

At 7:50 NAD is reduced to NADH? Reduction refers to gain of electron ,right? i thought NAD loses the electrons (Oxidises) and NADH accepts that electron so that it can use that electron afterwards in ETC. Please correct me if I am wrong =(

[@gaberlunzie213]

+hunter sikari In case you still haven't looked into this in the last four weeks, I'd be happy to answer your question as best as I can. Whenever I get confused, I always come back to the charges to reason through it. Consider the oxidized form of the NAD+/NADH system, which is the NAD+ component. When it becomes reduced, there is the addition of an H, yet the overall molecule ends up neutral in charge, unlike the previous +1 charge in the oxidized component. Think about that. That means that there is a more negative charge in the reduced form (NADH) than in the oxidized form (NAD+). That's how I remember the difference. A more negative charge indicates the addition of more electrons than protons, which fits with the entire narrative of reduction. If you can follow this kind of logic, you'll always be able to work through redox reactions without too much difficulty.

[@osamahal-dowekat785]

God pless you ... it is so amazing ... keep on man! don't stop! ...

[@Goldilocksinthelight]

Well, biochemistry didn't make sense untill I watched your videos 😃💉 thanks so much for all the explanations and detailed descriptions!! 🎉😍

[@ioanai1103]

This video helped me more than my classes! Thank you so much! :) You are amazing!

[@jameshopkins3174]

I have no teacher. After this I won't need one. Thanks for Respiration Photosynthesis life science

[@AbdullahZYB]

Good Overwrites on lightly erased text Nice idea

[@joerebman5857]

Just a quick question: you've drawn the glucose molecule in beta conformation, rather than alpha... Is there a specific reason why? I understood that our body doesn't metabolize beta glucose (reason why we can't metabolize cellulose). So, shouldn't the anomeric carbon be anti to the chiral carbon? As a side note I love these videos and think they're awesome.

[@kintuckyee4171]

Hi Joe, the glucose monosaccharide free in solution is free to undergo mutarotation between the two alpha and beta anomers as well as its linear form, they all exist at equilibrium because the reducing end of glucose is not stuck in a glycosidic bond. Cellulose on the other hand, is non-reducing (anomeric carbon is involved in a glycosidic bond in the polymer) and therefore cannot undergo mutarotation. In all, the conformation that you draw glucose in doesn't really matter because it's in equilibrium with other forms of itself.

[@MsJls143]

Your video was very thorough. Thank you.

[@ShankarYadav-gf9em]

can you please add picture download

[@joshualup10]

So please do a video on the Phosphogen system and how it leads to glycolyosis. That would help me out a lot!

[@speedfreakDaniel]

So we get a total of 4 ATP or 2 ATP?

[@lolamoon7296]

Daniel Frieka you would have a total of 4 atp in the whole process of cellular respiration, but within that cycle of cellular respiration you would have only 2 net atp. You have to remember that there are 2 pyruvate molecules created after glycolysis occurs. So both pyruvate molecules must go through cellular respiration process thus creating a total of 4 ATP after the whole process occurs. So 2 atp molecules created for each of the 2 pyruvate molecules.

[@lyc3207]

you have such nice writing!

[@Popchaaa0731]

What pen did you use? Its nice.

[@giridv9303]

Hi, some colors are not readable. Wish you would use only readable colors. Thanks.

[@killermakd2015]

HI ! WE WERE TAUGHT THAT IT'S 38 ATP THAT ARE PRODUCED. WHAT DO YOU HAVE TO SAY SIR?

[@rtb5541]

You have to wait for the electron transport chain (next video) for the rest of the ATP made in oxidative mitochondrial metabolism. ;)

[@drmichaelgoodluck8490]

this is so good brother

[@uzmaakhan6012]

Thanks a bunch! Helped a lot

[@priteshpatel8270]

awesome mann....love it....u made oll my shii get cleared...thnq

[@jordanlumbirindi3622]

Your Simply The best.

[@bonbonpony]

If most of these reactions are reversible, how do these enzymes know which way should they perform them? What stops them from performing them backwards and "undoing" the work of other nearby enzymes?

[@JaCollado33]

Bon Bon The way I understand it is that basically the body detects, or "reads", the amounts of inhibitors or stimulators in the body. For example, in the case of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase, which turns Pyruvate into Acetyl-CoA, you will have the body pushing this reaction forward if there is a high presence of substances like CoA, NAD+, Pyruvate, AMP, and Ca++. All of these show that the body is low on energy and could use more production of ATP, starting by converting Pyruvate into Acetyl-CoA. However, if the body reads that there are high levels of Acetyl-CoA, NADH, ATP, and Fatty Acids then it won't produce more Acetyl-CoA and simply preserve the Pyruvate. I can imagine it is a similar mechanism with reversible reactions. I recommend you look into Positive and Negative Feedback Mechanisms, which explain this concept much better AND it explains them in regards to enzymes and what not. Good luck.

[@TravelTales-p8v]

very nice lecture sir i really like it its very helpfull

[@elizabethgarza4951]

Do you gave anything on the Cori Cycle?

[@cataclysmictouch1232]

What about oxalo succinic acid in between Isocitrate and alpha Ketoglutaric acid ?

[@Caneladorada]

I FUCKING LOVE YOU SO MUCH. i truly deeply thank you.

[@crossingthemountain]

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is drawn wrong. Should not have the right sided -O group.. An aldehyde has an -H. When Glyceradehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase works it to 1,3 Bisphosphoglucerate, you therefore show no source that NAD+ gets its H from this error. The subsequent 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate does essentially result in the "hydrogen" from the earlier step being replaced by the -O-P you show, but it's only by removing the H (hence the name of the enzyme as a "dehydrogenase") to then having -O-P. You should have corrected this, as so many people refer to your videos. But my guess is you are already through medical school so you don't care anymore..

[@chrisdavey3760]

I thought a kinase added a phosphate group to a molecule, so why from phosphoenol pyruvate --> pyruvate is the enzyme a kinase and not a phosphatase? please someone help. Thanks in advance

[@domzi2]

In the Krebs cycle where is the ATP formed??

[@baluurs1]

finally understood it!!!thank you soo much.

[@RafaelFerreira-nl7jm]

You just saved my whole master's degree...

[@audreymitchell6625]

you are a saint.

[@lih7542]

yeah!!! it really makes sense . thank you so much .

[@zannatul23]

thank you so much for these videos, they are a great help zan from Hackney East london

[@JaCollado33]

Hey, I've been going down this whole Biochemistry playlist. It's really good, it was especially mindblowing in 2013/2014 when you made them. But now I can only really recommend you make all these videos over again. Different colors between your base drawing, the names of molecules, the chemical structure diagrams, the products of reactions. Just to have visual aid in making everything distinct. They're really good videos, have been working for me for 5 years but I can't help but think you could just do them WAY better now with all the experience and also just eliminating all those little mistakes that start to accumulate along the way. You have more than a handful of errors on protein and enzyme names, product results from pathways - it gets a little annoying and jumbled and in the way of learning material. For the 3 or 4 videos on fatty acids and ketones you start to write a little more text than usual, it's not a big deal, but shy away from it - takes away from the beautiful visuals you develop. Also, I understand you can't zoom out and give the whole picture for creative rights purposes, but maybe give us better zoom out of individual sections so we actually GET the big picture a little better. Hope you decide to undergo this mission, I know we'd all be grateful, and future students as well.

[@acupofhappiness8245]

Thanks for the vid, Could you please do vid on respiration. Thanks:)

[@CariBaez]

😭 Lord help me

[@armandohasudungan]

will soon~ thanks

[@Crystal-hp2lf]

wow youre amazing thanks sooooooo much

[@numidianoor5129]

You're such a bless ❤💝

[@radio146]

Oxaloacetate is a 4 carbon molecule not 3! but pretty good video!

[@lilbeanie8007]

Can you explain it in a more basic way please. I'm not able to understand clearly

[@fatimanooraen5621]

This video is too fast man. These cycles need time to absorb in the brain :3

[@Benniboyification]

hey, unfortunately you drew the wrong structures for Glyeraldehyde-3-phosphate and Dihydroxyacetonephosphat. They both have an aldehyde group...so the phosphate can attach. you drew a carboxilic acid! That's wrong bro

[@Alumeni]

Great video but enolase is irreversible under physiological conditions

[@river2752]

presents with mastery.

[@nouriskandr8054]

Great!!!

[@natashasocks1923]

Thanks! So helpful!

[@ewwxaca]

Thanksss

[@aoifewest]

Why do you draw your molecules like that? they are wrong. I mean the number of carbons are not correct.

[@dfghj241]

jesus your videos are really helping dude, thanks a lot.

[@flaviafrota.]

i love you

[@willowdesk]

Glycogen degradation yields 3 net atp I think

[@braviodambe2371]

phosphate phosphate phosphate phosphate

[@Samsalla71]

sorry but after Glucose 6 phosphate the next Enzyme will be Phosphorglucose Isomerase not Phosphorhexose Isomerase...

[@armandohasudungan]

hey its the same thing ;)

[@jburke.mp4]

Samsalla71 it's a six Carbon involved enzyme silly. If it's not Aldose it's hexose enzyme

[@simonrentis1250]

King

[@jameshopkins3174]

Dang he left something out. CO2 comes out or is put in animals and plants. Nothing of life?

[@jameshopkins3174]

OK 1 glucose in 6 CO2. He did say it but he also saos he didn't write it! He admitted his hypocracy

[@thelifeyoulive410]

no

[@ColonialT7]

Had to put the speed to 0.5X, you talk way too fast haha

[@Johnz876543210]

ctrace7 too fast?? i had to speed it up to 1.25 lol

[@giuliaca9037]

hahaha other way around over here :D speed to x1.5 :D

[@kutilkol]

Lol, this is definitely made up. Human works on mattï

[@vlucz]

Can you give the link to your drawing? So I can print it?

[@bushramaryam6540]

Chat gpt bought me here 🫠