If You Understand Volumetric Efficiency You Understand Engines

[@d4a]

Become a Tuning Pro: hpcdmy.co/dr4a Support the channel by shopping through this link: amzn.to/3RIqU0u Patreon: www.patreon.com/d4a 100 cars that changed the world: amzn.to/3DGXDf6 Stem engine model: amzn.to/3Y5iZLv 1-2-3 count with Car parts: amzn.to/3jxP7Z6 Motivation: kzbin.info/door/t3YSIPcvJsYbwGCDLNiIKA

[@Car_Telescopes]

excellent videos

[@humanspirit3432]

Gimme all pawa!!!!

[@Deutsche_1]

Maybe you make a video about long and shot term fueltrim and what to change or how one can change those to make the car drive more or less economic..?

[@O.A_Ih4teno0bs]

Can you make video about open loop and close loop tuning and which is the best one ? (also another one tuning oem wideband ecu"s and what's the difference between standalone ones ) (for example MED9.1 2000 era oem ecu for vag group )

[@cri1410sti]

thank you for explaining this! a good example is the VW(audi, vw, skoda, seat, cupra) 1.5tsi 150hp with kangaroo behavior. at low rpm and low demand - the engine is forced to keep the throttle open more than it should. so is forced to use the stratified mode in the acceleration phase when it should use the homogeneous mode. unfortunately VW want to have less co2 and made the engine worst. or VW used the same VE as the 1.4tsi, but 1.5tsi has same bore but a little higher stroke, so the VE is little different at low rpm. another theory is that the valve overlap at low rpm is too high (is emulating the EGR, this engine does not have EGR) and the VE is wrong. BOSCH MG1CS011 :)

[@EvilStitch]

I accidentally added this to my sleep playlist so for the past week or two I've been randomly waking up this man explaining what a volumetric efficiency is.

[@Redsson56]

That is one way to reall\your make sure you memorize it.

[@Ben_Z33]

You are not the only one 🤣 I fall asleep usually listening to videos and woke up to this video

[@aresgodofwar0422]

Sick pfp btw

[@nobodynoone2500]

Add it to everyones playlist.

[@ruthlessx117]

lol

[@wholespeed]

This map contains all the fundamentals of the engine operation. It doesn’t matter if it’s car, motorcycle or truck it’s all the same for internal combustion engines. Proceeds to show a Tesla, and a Rivian. Lol. That had me laughing. Thank you 🙏

[@AirzonesBlasters]

The bike is electric as well

[@shautohaus]

Me too. I had to skip back to make sure I didn't see something wrong.

[@wholespeed]

@@AirzonesBlasters yeah I thought so but couldn’t tell 100% so I left that one off. 😂

[@MrTexMart]

Yeah, the bike is a Zero SR/S.

[@personalaccount1515]

Ahh, I see you are man of culture as well

[@LeeHambley]

One of the most useful tuning videos on the internet today. I'm midway through modern EFIing a 70s car, and I'm glad to see my decision validated here. Wideband, and e-throttle should massively improve emissions and driveability.

[@josephmccausland7175]

or try the carb cheater

[@daftpanda6533]

Dig it. My forever car will be a 240z with a modern engine.

[@fleurdewin7958]

I hate e-throttle though. I love EFI but with mechanical throttle. With e-throttle, there is always a slight delay the moment you jab the accelerator and the engine RPM begin to rise. This effect is less prominent if you run a CVT gearbox, however if you have a manual gearbox, the rev hang sucks because of the slight delay from the e-throttle.

[@pedrob.2691]

​@@fleurdewin7958agreed, on manual cars, eletronic thottles do take away something from the experience

[@LeeHambley]

@@fleurdewin7958 I hate unsourceable ancient Bosch parts more. The hybrid Bosch Jetronik-L system controls anti-stall, idle control, and such are unobtanium. E-throttle doesn't have downsides for my application, throttle position has a delay of less than 50ms (measured on an oscilloscope) which I'm sure is not perceptible in normal driving conditions.

[@oliverf944]

I self learned tuning about 15-20years ago. From dizzy/webbers to dizzy/fuel analog ecu and finally full digital ignition/fuel. I street tuned with innovative wide band and listening for knock . You’ve explained this beautifully. Kinda miss the cold nights on concrete floor tuning days

[@alanboggs2315]

Tell me how to get the program to tune then. I have a volvo s40 2005 that I want to tune.

[@davidgomez3737]

​@@alanboggs2315its not something thats taught on a KZbin thread 😂takes a lot of hard days

[@0Blueaura]

i dont even know how to begind such life without budget or background in family and without school :/ practice while supervised by other mechanic i suppose..

[@Fuco287]

Where to find that digital dash

[@iclassicify3126]

What’s the best resource you used to learn to tune i want to tune my own cars and want to get started

[@JustinBone]

This was genuinely the best explanation of VE and Lambda I've ever seen. This put everything into such perspective. Makes me realize an aftermarket ECU might be far less complicated than I initially though to tune for.

[@gennadiyfriedman9741]

❤

[@SupaKoopaTroopa64]

I kinda just assumed that ECUs were mysterious black boxes that ran some secret software specific to each car. After watching this video, I now want to learn more about ECUs.

[@yimpyoi9808]

wait till you find out most tuners just make a tune once for a car and use it again every time that car comes into the shop, with minor changes. then after finishing in 10 minutes they wait 30 mins and charge you $700.

[@Verdeniza]

​@@yimpyoi9808yeah. theyre called copy and paste maps i believe

[@hydraboss1208]

@@yimpyoi9808there’s a lot more that goes into it but sure

[@dragan3290]

​@yimpyoi9808 100 percent spot on 👍

[@SkylineBNR34]

I'm going to buy an HPTuners MPVI3 with enough credits to play around with my Mustang in the future. I really want to put it on E85 and Ford already has a map made for the F150 and I can basically import it and have a flex fuel capable Mustang. And instead of paying $600 for the tune that I cannot mess with, I can buy that instead and do it myself and learn at the same time.

[@QuincyStick]

would love a tuning series. your videos on the physical aspects/concepts of engines are so informative, and as somebody just getting into tuning from scratch, it would be awesome to see

[@carpintero01]

nice pfp

[@Galactus1337]

A tuning series would be awesome!

[@GetaDomTune]

I tune tons of tuning on my channel. I teach the concepts as I'm doing the tunes.

[@acesy187]

Agree! Would love to see that too! Would love to better understand how VE Map, LAMBDA target Map and oxygen sensor works and how many more car components work together!!! :) Love this channel.

[@ohheccwaddup3225]

You are by far the best at explaining all of the science behind these different tuning technologies. I watched your boost school series all the way through, this tuning series, and so many other videos on your channel. You've given us so much knowledge, and for that, I thank you. I really hope you enjoy making these videos, because you're excellent at it.

[@rezkidgamingyt4725]

Yes I totally agree with you he by far is the best at explaining these complex technologies in a way that pretty much anyone with a little bit of common sense and knowledge can understand I love his videos I use them to teach my son about stuff mostly motor bikes trucks and anything with an engine that we can try an ride lol

[@headgasket_]

Yes modern technology is great, but explaining this to us is awesome ❤

[@Lordosvk]

Engines are almost 110years old technology..

[@headgasket_]

@@Lordosvk and still everything about them feel fascinating

[@TarenGarond]

​@@Lordosvk What do you mean with "almost 110years old technology"? I don't know of any "major engine type" that wasn't in operation 110 years ago. Did you mean "210 years"(Thinking about some early internal combustion engine as the start of "engines")?

[@Lordosvk]

@@TarenGarond the first modern internal combustion engine, known as the Otto engine, was created in 1876 by Nicolaus Otto

[@Lordosvk]

@@TarenGarond i meant using combustion engines almost evrywhere thats like hunging with stones. even you have modern technologies how to produce food or get the food.

[@kayvon_is_likes]

Perhaps one of the most complicated subjects I've seen you do a video on but paradoxically also one of the most clearly and simply explained. You're a great teacher.

[@Gryphus-R]

You are a treasure to the car community, sir. By the way, what is shown at 14:10 is called "Closed Loop Controller" or "Closed Feedback Controller" (it was not mentioned during the video I think) and it is massively used at basically all industrial processes I can think of: You measure the output of the process and input it back as one of the variables doing the calculation. One of the most common examples of the math doing the magic to let the system know how much to vary the input to adapt to the measured output is the PID Algorithm (Proportional-Integral-Derivative). Even 3D printers use it on the firmware.

[@abdul-kabiralegbe5660]

Is this the same as a negative feedback loop?

[@Gryphus-R]

@@abdul-kabiralegbe5660 negative feedback is one specific case of closed loop controller.

[@abdul-kabiralegbe5660]

@@Gryphus-R Thanks.

[@andreimateescu8997]

​@@abdul-kabiralegbe5660Yes, negative feedback loop stabilizes the process, while a positive feedback loop destabilizes the process. Most (if not all) controllers use negative feedback. Positive feedback loops can be seen in nature, like the Ferguson effect (in childbirth) or when getting injured and more and more blood flows to try and seal the wound.

[@abdul-kabiralegbe5660]

@@andreimateescu8997 Thanks.

[@johnpeters7316]

I learned about volumetric efficiency in the 70’s while still at school, messing around with carburettors etc. This video has brought so much enjoyment to me, thank you

[@denryaron6238]

Nice touch at 0:42 visualizing how VE map applies to all engines in cars, motorcycles and trucks ; )

[@lewiswestfall2687]

Except the car (Tesla) and the truck (Rivian) are pure EV.

[@Turiargov]

@@lewiswestfall2687 And so is the Zero SR/S. It's probably meant as some kind of device that flies over people's heads.

[@bruceschneider4359]

As a retired Auto Shop teacher, I want to say that this really hits the mark. I wish I could've had access to this video back when I was teaching. The mapping and feedback systems are so far advanced from the old school carburetors and centrifugal/vacuum advance ignition systems that it's like a different world. The funny part is that the principles have remained the same, just that now the ideal values can be achieved, whereas in the 'good old days' we were happy to get close! 😁😁 Keep up the good work!

[@GetaDomTune]

For those who don't know, it is very beneficial to tune in actual Lambda vs AFR. If your target is 1.0 Lambda and you're getting .9 lambda, you know you're 10% off. Just pull 10% off your VE table and you're GTG. No need to guess and check based on the error and no complex calculations to perform.

[@mathewboyd3746]

I been hesitant about proceeding with converting my carby feed engine over to one of the three EFI systems I have now to choose from (one factory and two aftermarket). This has really helped my understand of what its trying to achieve :)

[@42468]

also worth mentioning that "14.7" AFR isn't actually "14.7" but lambda * 14.7. Stoich AFR is ~14.0 with E10 fuel, but will show up in most software as 14.7 to maintain convention

[@coryjohnson3946]

This man just taught you how to tune your vehicle without TELLING you. Love it!

[@288gto7]

You forgot to say that even in NA engines the VE can go above 100% thanks to the help of exhaust pulse scavenging combined with valve overlap which helps pull in more air and have more than 100% VE despite engine being naturally aspirated

[@ironken1796]

I was wondering this exact thing! Excellent point. Maybe I am missing something.....this cat is pretty sharp.

[@renderflash]

Exactly, from what I've heard they can reach VE's as high as 130% nowadays.

[@Cheezeball99999]

The example VE map even showed that. It wasn't mentioned, but the map shown has >100% values under 0MAP.

[@MSWMSW1]

A ram-air intake combined with a careful designed airbox has helped many sportbike engines achieve greater then 100% VE for decades now, despite being naturally aspirated.

[@288gto7]

@@Cheezeball99999oh yeah i just looked again and realized now 😅

[@Fern635]

I really enjoy the way you explain things. I have a good basic understanding of chemistry and physics, but I'm only just learning to be a mechanic. As a bit of an old-timer in age (I'm a 45-year-old woman) but a relative newcomer to this world, something about your presentation style really helps bring these two halves of my brain together in the best possible way 😁 Thank you!

[@johanvantongeren82]

I’m about to buy my first aftermarket ecu and make my first steps into tuning and this video was very usefull and and makes me confident I can do this. Thanks!

[@Slimysock-td6oq]

6:25 this is by far the best way of understanding it. i got it instantlly. beautiful demonstration

[@ChihabJebbari]

This video is a real gem. A huge congratulations and thank you for all these explanations, this channel is really underrated and should have many more subscribers given the quality of the information it provides. Congratulations once again for this excellent video.

[@Rickbearcat]

This channel is the equal of Engineering Explained channel.

[@PhaseConverterampV]

Thank you for this video. Finally someone that translates the fundamentals of cylinder filling. No engine sucks in air, no turbo sucks in air, gravity compresses the air, which forces itself into the cylinder or turbo, hi pressure to low. The aviation industry is more intuitive using positive manifold pressure , no erroneous vacuum standard.

[@2WheeledMafia]

Brother Hands down your channel is ABSOLUTELY THE VERY BEST for all things that go VVRRROOOOOMMMM. I can certainly Tell you this my brother most of us that dropped out of school and caused B.S In school if we had of had you as a teacher I myself would have been 2 hours early for school. The way you speak and explain you make the hardest most scientific things as easy to understand as putting butter on bread lol. Keep up the amazing channel. I'm lucky I guess I am a gearhead and have built a few nice toys but I will honestly say even with the knowledge I have you brother have taught me A LOT. CHEERS ALL THE BEST And THANK YOU!!!!!!!

[@marksierra6066]

very imformative, easily digestable, much love from Florida!!!

[@tgi3197]

I have found your videos very educational. They are well organized, very well researched, and explained exceptionally clearly. Thank you very much for your hard work.

[@artysanmobile]

I remember buying an EPROM with a different map for my 1983 Porsche 944. The performance gain that yielded was simply amazing but of course, all at the top of the rev range and at the expense of horrific consumption. It took another visit to the programmer to get it adjusted properly to the realities of my motor and driving prefs. I was utterly fascinated to see a summary of the engine’s parameters in graphic form, a format I deal with all the time in my electronic engineering work.

[@LocoRocoNL]

One of the most simple and best videos on VE tables and basics of EFI tuning. Great work, for beginners this is a hard topic to grasp and you made it easy to understand. Are you planning an ignition map as well by any chance?

[@d4a]

Yes, ignition is coming too 👍 thank you

[@adamrobledo684]

The fact he is releasing this content for free is insane. He deserves all the subs he gets, and then some.

[@flameburstgt6503]

This is why I love the channel. It’s so easy to understand how a certain part of a car works and how to tune it. I’m learning things about cars that I shouldn’t know at the age of 15 and it’s free too 😅

[@Shandaniak]

I can say that this was the first tutorial that I have listen to without skipping to "important" bits. good presentation.

[@TheHydrase]

Here in Brazil we have a standalone ECU - Fueltech, that has a digital dash integrated, and does correct lambda up to any %, also has a self learning function that self adjust the map for fuel injection, it helps a lot when only minor changes are required. also you can adjust the maps on the display of the ecu itself. If you can take a look! I always appreciate your videos, very informative, its awesome!

[@shiekhwaleedmiral-protein2819]

This Channel is one of the reasons i fell in love with internal combustion engines. They are a miracle of engineering and have centuries of development behind them.

[@shautohaus]

I've always wondered what all those numbers represent to tuners and this is the best and most clear explanation I've ever seen. Amazing stuff. Also love that you used all EVs to represent internal combustion cars 🤣🤣🤣

[@amem3244]

i was just about to say lol 0:39

[@AkaRyrye83]

Haha, I didn't see that 😂

[@tenacioussJ]

You are the only person that managed to explain how maping worked witout a 3 hours video ! thank you sir great informations

[@802Garage]

"Isn't modern technology great?" He says after having freed himself from carburetors! Excellent video. Not many good introductions to this topic out there. Especially this quick and digestible.

[@d4a]

Freed is a harsh word 😆 I honestly enjoyed them and I feel I would be somehow incomplete without the carb experience.

[@802Garage]

@@d4a Hahaha I know only picking on you. ;)

[@Krankenwagen2010]

Finally I found someone that really knows how to teach the one in needs of valuable information about this table THANK YOU

[@RedstoneWolf531]

Really great video! I’d highly recommend aftermarket ECUs with real-time tuning for those who have to make major changes to their VE map. Being able to “real-time” change the VE map while the engine is running is a game changer, rather than having to flash a tune, data log, fix the VE, and repeat. Often takes days to do this rather than minutes on an aftermarket ECU haha

[@ssc1348]

Absolute elegance! Thank you for this video. I interesting way to tune for one's specific driving style, I think, would be to start start with a generic map for VE & AFR, collect the AFR trim data as per your driving style and feed it to a neural network to train against it. Then deploy that model.

[@TheDrAkira]

Man I just want to tell you that you are doing a fantastic job! I've been seeing your channel since the beginning and is Soo satisfying seeing you grow to the post that you can easily explain such a powerful concept like VE! You're great, thank you for your great job! 👍🏻

[@d4a]

Thank you for the kind words, I feel really motivated 😊

[@paulgilraine3127]

You truly are the best teacher i have seen on you tube and that probably because you seem to understand what your talking about better than everyone i have watched . Keep teaching because your gifted

[@gemsquashthg]

had a good laugh that all the vehicles shown in the beginning are electric, appreciate the humor.

[@billmellater]

I knew all this yet somehow this video has opened my 👀's. This guy is like a pair of glasses for my brain. Even if i already know something he makes it so much clearer.

[@zallas_99]

Best automotive teacher on the internet 🔥 D4A never disappoints.

[@SolveEtCoagula93]

That was absolutely brilliant! As someone who is a complete ignorant when it comes to engines, I learnt so much and gained a huge amount of respect for the engineers who put this all together. My only wish is that I could have such a display and simply watch my car working. Sadly, I haven't the foggiest idea how to do so - so probably it's best if I leave it alone and just watch videos from experts! Thanks so much for posting this! 👍

[@ttocselbag5054]

I so love physics. Good work my man!

[@koyomiee1446]

i haven't watched a minute of the video yet, but wanted to comment on how you showed 3 eletric vehicles as examples, love it.

[@Jim-rm5vy]

Always easy to understand even for a 🇨🇵 people 👏

[@stephencoupey5511]

If only other KZbinrs could present learning content this well.... Fantastic explanation, diction, production, etc. Well done & thank you!

[@melissafoxx4271]

Please 4give my ignorance here maybe, but since getting into cars over last year or so, and being an embedded programmer. The thing I don't get is why I need todo things like remaps is the first place. As if I did the coding for my ECM I would not have used static maps anyway, I would obviously have access to all the sensor data I need to dynamically create the best maps or even if possible just calculate VE real time based from the current condition of the engine. I know Ive simplified this but its just something that's always puzzled me .. But anyway great vid about a hugely interesting topic. I really miss ur explanations on things. xoxo

[@lionlover1986]

This is a FANTASTIC explanation! Being someone who has just recently been exploring more modification and tuning of ECU manged vehicles this is great information. Thank you!

[@jerrymemberryoh4816]

the fact that he used full-electric vehicles at 0:40

[@QuincyStick]

think that's the point lol...

[@jerrymemberryoh4816]

@@QuincyStick i mean i knew it was sarcastic but like its quite funny where the VE Map is for ICE hahahah

[@andrewdibben5997]

This can teach someone how engines work who has never worked on a car that’s how good it is. Bravo

[@Marco-yk8kp]

I was looking for a VE explanation now that I have a standalone, no one gave an explanation as good as this. another amazing video, thanks a ton

[@terrybaltimore1542]

One of the best explained tuning video on the internet

[@76629online]

This was a fantastic video. I feel like a lot of people would probably pay good money for this type of instruction - even though it was only 15 mins long. Most excellent!

[@jadis04]

i just graduated college in the trade and i swear you explain as good if not better then my teachers ever could

[@cat81702]

0:42 I've almost choked from laughing. These illustrations :D

[@managementprojects4970]

we're triple car computer Centre in dubai.. in the last 3 years, i usually, don't get any new valuable piece of information out of shows like yours, but this episode was really valuable and informative... keep up the good work 👏

[@olafzijnbuis]

Interesting animation at 02:08 I wonder what the crankshaft looks like 🙂

[@algovoid]

every piston has got its own crank 😂

[@sanitvr]

Hi from Brazil! I really wish that you know that you make all the complex subjects a lot more easier to understand!!! Ty a lot for your job!!

[@nut5391]

why weren't you my physics teacher at school 😭😭

[@FernandoFlores-vr7ze]

For amateurs fans peoples like me, it is the best explanation I've ever find how to star working with the ECU map... Great job and, look forward the second part of it... Thank youuuuuu.... 👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏

[@geg5274]

0:42 ah yes electrics and volumetric efficiency

[@CryticalAce]

Was about to say dude put up only electric vehicles when describing ICE vehicles

[@beyondhobbies4727]

This was massively informative and is one of the last steps towards me building my own engine management system,thankyou!

[@c.a.r.s.carsandrelevantspecs]

Another fantastic video! Thanks so much! Every example and illustration was helpful, and the real-life demonstration was amazing! 😃

[@AakeTraak]

It seems you get right to the point even before the video even starts. I love this!

[@djsutice0]

Again an awesome explantion, the last 10 years aftermarket ecu's and their base calibrations have come a long way. And installing in some cases only requires you to hook up 4-5 wires. my challange have been tuning the transient based on map and tps rate of change. Keep up the good work!

[@reubenmorris487]

I'm almost half way through re-wiring a DSM right now and this presentation will be helpful setting up ECMLink. Top notch videos, excellent display of technical knowledge, and also thanks for not dumbing this stuff down.

[@sekutofu6471]

This is extremely informative, thank you for explaining this.

[@cranborile]

Your ability to explain this in a way that normal folk can understand is outstanding! Thank you 👍

[@Piqus3]

Very good video with lots of info and great explanation of mechanics behind ECU. You're making one of the most interesting content here, thanks dude. 👍

[@zeddgara1]

Hands down best explanation of VE on the internet he omitted the fluff expertly.

[@FIHBANKORT]

civic with laptop tutorial ahh video

[@goldCrystalhaze]

I really want to THANK YOU so much for this detailed explanation! I was trying for a long time to figure out what exactly is this mysterious map that car developers are tweaking to tune an engine, but couldn't find much. Tricks of the trade maybe? I don't know. All I know is that in ten minutes, I got the whole picture, thanks to you.

[@zonoscopePictures]

Thank you for this explainer! I have been struggling with EFI for a while now, I feel like I am beginning to understand it a little bit thanks to your video. Your explanation has clarity and detail that even I can understand! Keep up the good work.

[@dalechenoweth915]

Your engine diagram broke my brain when trying to imagine what the crank looks like.😂 I love your work.

[@matthewriechmann1011]

I RARELY post on KZbin. . . but have to say my hat is off to you on this video. By far one of the best videos I have seen for ECU tuning information. While it may be basic, it helps the average person understand what is happening and DEF gives a little peace of mind for those of us that are making changes on our own. Would HIGHLY recommend/request you go in deeper if possible. :-)

[@JackPatterson-s5l]

Best automotive teacher on the internet D4A never disappoints.. Best automotive teacher on the internet D4A never disappoints..

[@hunter0o963]

bro where were you all my life your a genius your teaching is phenomenal

[@kev.s5104]

broooo i randomly woke up from a nap and found this video but it was so uniutitive and informative thanks so much!!

[@TheRealTomLauda]

Holy Mother of God... This is one of your best video to date ! And that says a lot, since all of them are freaking awesome ! I always looked at these map thinking this was some kind of sorcery, but you explained it so well, it turned on a lightbulb in my brain. Thank you !

[@Tiberiumfreek]

Probably the best explanation video, for a guy that always wondered how you read VE maps.

[@djmixerdomo]

This video gives me heaps of confidence as I am planning on putting a Link ECU in my Celica GT-Four ST205 and tuning it myself. Thank you for making it.

[@amessman]

Not often that a single video is all I need to understand a topic. This is fantastic! Thank you.

[@JasonLeung-4roller]

This is one of your best videos yet! By explaining VE maps (in D4A style) , I am much more confident in taking the plunge of tuning my NA Subaru. Thanks!

[@tristont4204]

Dude just taught me how to tune a car in 15 minutes. I love this guy

[@flynnmcclellan1788]

I feel like an elder wizard just taught me how to cast fireball. Thank you so much. You Just demystified something that I always thought was crazy sorcery.

[@michaelsteyn5325]

Finaly. Now I know what the numbers on the map is for and what happens when you change them. You are an excellent teacher! Thank you for making this video.

[@VegasRoManiacReviews]

Channel deserves lots of things up

[@Fopeano]

This is completely accurate. I learned VE from many books I was buying 25 years ago, and kept up with current tech since then. This video ties together my experience of living through 2 decades of professional and personal experience with that extremely well.

[@michak8534]

I love how when talking about the essence of internal combustions, and saying that it doesn't matter if this is a truck car or a motorcycle there are only pictures of EVs

[@amateurtorque6709]

What an amazing video, I just had my Lexus diesel remapped, they wouldn't let me watch how they did it, but now I have a better idea. Thankyou for explaining these complex procedures in a simple and concise manner even I can understand. I would love to see a video by you explaining the difference between volumetric efficiency and thermal efficiency.

[@williamkroth9429]

Your explanation was terrific......best 17 minutes I have spent learning in a long time!

[@bjoernhaucap6111]

Essence of internal combustion, and the Rivian and Tesla images😂. Love it

[@klmklmklm2581]

As somebody studying physiology. I would have never thought of the connection that engines are so similar to our bodies. They are both running off an organic fuel source, that they are limited by. And are heavy limited by oxygen (lungs) and the exhaust of waste products. This video was amazingly explained. I know very little about engines but the similarity it evoked was thought provoking nonetheless.

[@benjurmind1318]

At 9:20 when you changed the ve number to 30, a light bulb totally went off in my head. The demo of hunting idle was eye opening!

[@AlexandreLollini]

To spot some weird problems in the map, I datalog while driving normally, then I do xy plots of O2 sensor vs MAP or O2 sensor vs RPM and if I see consistent bumps or drops I locate them on the map to change values. Usually after a tuning in the artificial setting of a dyno, you get some adjustment to do when driving in the real world. This way you can also adjust AFR targets with variation of ambient air temperature, altitude, cooling temp, etc...

[@alindragomir3861]

Amazing video and explanation! People are getting smarter after watching your videos!

[@d4a]

Thank you very much. I sincerely appreciate it.

[@bayoucityhtx]

This is a great breakdown, coming from someone who barely knew anything when first watching. Thank you 🙏