Sixth Plenary: Sustaining the Long War: Money, Manpower and Public Support

Building sustainable European defence capabilities will depend on long-term financial investment in defence, including novel financing mechanisms, but also public support. Moreover, the outcome of the Ukraine war will influence the future trajectory of European defence modernisation. The panel will discuss if and how European NATO members can maintain the required long-term financial investment in people, hardware and software against the backdrop of potentially declining public support.