Israel in Egypt: Biblical Archaeology

[@PeteV80]

Degree in Egyptology. Usually biblical videos on Egypt are full of errors. I didn't find a single error in this. Well done.

[@thesavoyard]

Well right off the bat, it was Joseph that led his family into Egypt where they remained for 430 years

[@TacoTuesday4]

@@thesavoyard This isn't actually true. This is splitting hairs and isn't close to an inaccuracy. Joseph ended up in Egypt after being sold into slavery. The family eventually moved to Egypt lead by Jacob. Joseph was in Egypt the whole time. While Joseph was first, the family was definitely lead into Egypt by Jacob.

[@TacoTuesday4]

This is why I love his stuff. Very well researched and thought out videos.

[@thesavoyard]

@@TacoTuesday4 it said Jacob led his family to Egypt where they stayed for 200 years. Nope, Jacob was old and just went along for the ride. It was 100% Joseph. And they stayed for 430 years. Joseph fooled them into coming but he is still responsible.

[@josephpchajek2685]

@@thesavoyard No, you're still splitting hairs. Genesis: 46 2 And God spoke to Israel in a vision at night and said, “Jacob! Jacob!” “Here I am,” he replied. 3 “I am God, the God of your father,” he said. “Do not be afraid to go down to Egypt, for I will make you into a great nation there. 4 "I will go down to Egypt with you, and I will surely bring you back again. And Joseph’s own hand will close your eyes.”" 5 "Then Jacob set out from Beersheba. The sons of Israel carried Jacob their father, their little ones, and their wives, in the wagons that Pharaoh had sent to carry him." 6 "They also took their livestock and their goods, which they had gained in the land of Canaan, and came into Egypt, Jacob and all his offspring with him," If you wanna split hairs, you can also say God led them. Either way it's equivalenet to straining gnats.

[@AviBenHaim328]

I must say IP as an Orthodox Jew I’m loving this series carry on and may God be with you

[@InspiringPhilosophy]

Wait until you see the Exodus documentary.

[@AviBenHaim328]

@@InspiringPhilosophy I honestly can’t wait and that you’re releasing it 2 days before Passover that’s just the icing on the cake

[@InspiringPhilosophy]

@@AviBenHaim328 That was the plan to have it just before Passover.

[@עמיחיאלימלך-כ8ל]

@@InspiringPhilosophy I respect and appreciate believing Christians, just do yourself a favor (not you specific IP) stop trying to convert my people.

[@tahahagar7664]

@@עמיחיאלימלך-כ8ל Jews want non Jews to be Noahides so why not?

[@vedinthorn]

Makes good sense to me. And the southern egyptians of the 18th dynasty would probably have hated the Hyksos and the Hebrews alike seeing them all as foreigners who wrongly held power in Egypt.

[@harveywabbit9541]

The biblical Hebrews are constellations of stars.

[@colmwhateveryoulike3240]

@@harveywabbit9541 Who are named as slaves in ancient documents. And I suppose modern Hebrews are children of stars too?

[@harveywabbit9541]

@@colmwhateveryoulike3240 Hebrew or Jew is a self appointed title only. Jew is derived from IU in IU Piter.

[@colmwhateveryoulike3240]

@@harveywabbit9541 Don't get so distracted by labels you miss the reality. These people existed and there is archaeological evidence of their culture. They were not stars.

[@dustinellerbe4125]

@@colmwhateveryoulike3240 what are for signs? What make up the Mazzeroth? They reign over the heavens(skies) in the dome. The constellations(angels/gods) are God's creation and are meant for signs and were considered other than human peoples.

[@hewhositsuponfroggychair5722]

some people headbang to heavy metal but I headbang to IP talking about ancient archeology

[@williambouchard-robichaud5503]

Me both🤘

[@Dee-nonamnamrson8718]

@@williambouchard-robichaud5503 You beat me to it. If like Christian metal, check out Glass Half Nothing by Nodes of Ranvier.

[@michaelcastiglione3509]

Same

[@antonjurcevic6635]

Best comment ever

[@otisarmyalso]

This is modernistic theology that does not accept inerrancy of scripture... the time line of scripture is clear The Law and prophets were until John Lu16:16 going backwards from John were 1000Y unto Solomons Temple dedication, as 483Yr from rebuild decree unto Christ an ointing by John in river Jordan, 500Ya Apostasy starting with Solomon then were 17Y Solomon faithfulness back to 8.5y Solomon rule. All other times spec by simple OT chronology Temple start solomon4thY, 480Y afterExodus which was 430Y after Abraham's 100thY and rest given as begottens in Gen5 unto Adam's birth. Revise your Egypt Chrono

[@KTChamberlain]

In my video essay on "Does Inside Out Accurately Depict Hell?" which was inspired by your video essay on Hell, (thanks, by the way) I pointed out that one of the worst curses you could ever visit on someone in Bronze Age Egypt was to never say a person's name again and that we see that practice used on Moses in the 1956 Ten Commandments. I also pointed out that while that was an artistic liberty on Cecil B. DeMille's part, it was a nice reminder that even after 3,000 years, Moses' name still lives on while many of the Pharaohs' names have been more or less lost to history.

[@dominicpardo4783]

*See Sargon of Akkad.

[@MeanBeanComedy]

​@@dominicpardo4783He is not a Pharaoh, actually.

[@dominicpardo4783]

@@MeanBeanComedy Who said he was?

[@melo4087]

I can’t find the words to describe how great your videos are. May God bless you

[@fidelguerra2164]

I know exactly what you mean. Mike I hope you raise worthy successors to continue your work.

[@organic1776]

Outstanding work IP, thanks for putting in the effort!

[@InspiringPhilosophy]

Much appreciated!

[@DavidRrasi-oz4tq]

@@InspiringPhilosophy can you make a video reacting to UsefulCharts' Bible series?

[@sageseraph5035]

Saw you on Pints with Aquinas! It was a pretty cool crossover lol.

[@bbiermanster]

Thank you, and good job. There is some fascinating archaeology from this period by Manfred Bietak in a Semitic location called Avaris near the delta. Avaris is near Rameses, and was also called "Geshem", which he called a variant of "Goshen".

[@Convexhull210]

Yep. Rohl also brought this up too

[@bbiermanster]

@Em Eye Kay Because so many in archaeology are so biased against evidence supporting Biblical accounts, I tend to gloss over the downplaying. When I do read them, I usually find their reasoning based more on presupposition. A Semitic city in the area indicated by Genesis, and Hebrew names on slave rolls from the period indicated by Genesis and Exodus are pretty significant given the complete denial so many have had regarding Israel in Egypt.

[@Convexhull210]

@Em Eye Kay avaris has a lot of evidence from Austrian excavators digging there since the 1970s. Manford Bietek, the lead archaeologist who spearheaded the dig, now agrees because the evidence is overwhelming. For example, there are graves with people buried in their side. This is how seimitic people buried their loved ones. There are Caanite style daggers in the graves. They've found lambs and sheep that are of Syrian style. There is also evidence of a figure like Joseph being there. There are sites that showed these people abandoned them dramatically and even evidence of a plague. Infants were found buried there with the population showing 3 females for every 2 males. This would mean the infants are mostly male.

[@j.gstudios4576]

@imrankhan [x] the reason they don't consider this as a big help is because of the dating of the time period which is very lose but if you look at the internal evidence in the bible it can be dated to a time period where the city of avaris was suddenly abandoned and left by all the Asiatic Semetics that lived there

[@MeanBeanComedy]

​@@Convexhull210 Rohl should be ignored.

[@DonovanSpaghetti]

Hey IP just wanted to let you know I really appreciate your work, I tell people about you any chance I get because in a lot of ways you kind of just cut through all the suppositions and stigma and get straight to truth and that’s what I try to do too. I’m glad there’s people out there willing to take the time to research and ask these types of questions. Again I appreciate the hard work bruv, and may God bless you.

[@theunknowner3848]

I agree entirely, I’m always telling my Christian friends about the benefit I’ve had from these videos, so thank you for all the effort 🙏

[@Kyle_Barrington]

Both of you should support him on patreon!! He can't keep doing this work if he isn't supported :)

[@DonovanSpaghetti]

@@Kyle_Barrington You know you’re right, I know your comment may not seem like a big deal. But I just recently got a second job, for the exact sole purpose to actually save money at my main job, while my other paychecks can go to tithing, other church related things, and well..maybe IP now.👌 I kind of deleted all of my social media about a year and a half ago minus Snapchat. So I’m not well-versed with the platform, but I’ll check his Patreon out!

[@Kyle_Barrington]

@@DonovanSpaghetti Wow! This is great to hear! We need IP to stay in the ministry, so all the support he can get is going to go a LONG way!

[@coldjello8436]

Thank you for your efforts. I really like your videos, especially the ancient monotheism video.

[@marcouellette4671]

I am glad I ran across this channel, subscription earned!

[@rickhanson3293]

I believe the time period and Hyksos involvement is not even conjecture or debatable among anybody outside academia. I believe it to be fact and there are just too many correlations for that time period.

[@juan-pierrerootman3588]

Another banger of a video coming up soon. Thank you IP. I’ll be eager to watch it

[@MatthewChenault]

It reminds me of the times I responded to videos related to the dismissal of Exodus as “false” because “it wasn’t recorded by the Egyptians.” The thing about the Egyptians is that, unlike the modern west, they did not believe in recording every single detail; good or bad. In fact, they believed in erasing history outright that conflicted with their narrative or were from people they did not like. Them destroying evidence of the Hyksos would be a good example of such an occurrence and offers evidence that the Biblical account cannot be dismissed simply because the Egyptians don’t have it within their records. When you remember that the Egyptians believed in, quite literally, destroying evidence of the existence of a person or an entire people, it makes it harder to refute accounts from the Bible simply because one side lacked such information.

[@markbriten6999]

@ImranKhan™️ yep her funerary temp!e is well known

[@holtscustomcreations]

I agree. When there are two sides to a story and one side is known for destroying evidence, it's really hard to give that side any credence or credibility. There's what he said, and there's what she said. The truth is always in the middle. However, it's hard to find the truth when one side is intentionally known for destroying evidence. In short, I don't put a lot of stock or trust in ancient Egyptian historical accounts from this time period because the 18th dynasty was known for destroying anything and everything they didn't like that came before them.

[@joshbedford4889]

I lived in Israel for a few months about 8 years ago, and during my stay I really got a sense of the ancient world, and the ability to discern who is talking from knowledge with a base of genuine scholarship, and who is talking out their ass. You are doing the former, and I appreciate that your videos keep me connected to that part of my mind.

[@michaelflores9220]

What do you think of their videos on the first nine chapters of Genesis?

[@joshbedford4889]

I honestly can't remember those videos, and am not going to rewatch them for a KZbin comment. But, IP is usually very good at looking into authorial intent of the Hebrew text, and he mediates his opinions through experts such as John Walton. I imagine that those videos are of impeccable quality.

[@memelordmarcus]

Really good video. You should make a theoretical bible timeline based on the historical archaeology and the other videos you've made, that would be very interesting and useful.

[@j.gstudios4576]

Can't wait for the video to come out also ip will you do a video on the United kingdom of israel and David and solomon? Edit: I asked him before the premier started and he said yes he will

[@marcfofi688]

That’ll be exciting

[@SAGE0FTHEEAST]

I love dealing with ancient African history. They had such an impact on every aspect of our life today.

[@greenmcbean6429]

I’ve been looking forward to this.

[@drsheev7413]

My powers have doubled since the last time we met, count.

[@DominickRT44]

good. twice the pride, double the fall.

[@shlamallama6433]

May God continue to bless you, IP. Thanks for the work, and perhaps you could do a video on how to research.

[@jameswoodard4304]

I have to say, you are very good at teaser cliffhangers, even though you thankfully avoid the sensationalism typical of modern "historical" video content. I am very much looking forward to you tackling Exodus archaeology.

[@americanlostinvietnam3721]

And recently they have uncovered Joseph's palace along with his empty tomb, statue, and his 11 brothers tombs at Avaris (Tell-el Dab'a).

[@biblicus8204]

IRREFUTABLE evidence, of the historicity of the Exodus. 1- Rocha with 7 years of famine in Egypt (Imhotep / Joseph) Siegel Island. 2- Inscription of Moses (Sinai 361) 3- Hathor Temple in Serabit el-Khadim (Temple of Exodus) 4- Tomb of Moses and Aaron 5- Strabo, Tacitus, Josephus, Hecateus of Abdera (Greek-Atheist), Numenium etc., quote Moses. 6- There are reports of natural disasters in Egypt. 7- Moses wrote the first five books of the Bible, Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy (half) 8- The Egyptians erased their history 9- Merneptah's stele proves that the Hebrews were in Egypt.

[@theapexfighter8741]

@O Otaku do KZbin Salve compatriota kkkkkkkkk nois domina até o canal do InspiringPhilosophy

[@rafaelmarques3487]

@@theapexfighter8741 caramba camarada brasileiro, me alegro de encontrar Brasileiros aqui. PÁTRIA AMADA BRASIIIIL KKKKKKKKK.

[@FLP_33]

@@rafaelmarques3487 Glória aos Br kkkkkkkkkk salve compatriotas

[@christhatsall8926]

BAAAAH só os brabo nese chat td nosso nd deles

[@jesusirizarryrodriguez835]

Bueno soy el único Puertorriqueño aquí 🇵🇷._.

[@peterteekens]

2:24 shows a perfect go-pro on the chariot. Any archeological proof of that? Great video's IP! Keep it up!

[@vladtepes9614]

There's an Egyptian text dating to ca. 1650 BCE entitled "The Expulsion of the Hyksos" . In it, the foreign Hyksos invaders were conquered and driven out of Egypt by pharaoh Ahmose I. Some scholars hold the position that the biblical Exodus story was based on that event.

[@JesseD-hq6ne]

I realized something when reading Genesis 39:1 which reads as follow: Now Joseph had been brought down to Egypt, and Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh, the captain of the guard, an Egyptian, had bought him from the Ishmaelites who had brought him down there. Why would Moses specify that the captain of the guard was an Egyptian if Joseph was sold during a time where only pure egyptians were in power. This could give a hint that some other people, non Egyptians, were in power too.

[@tempomi760]

This was an awesome video, and the hype for the Exodus documentary is unreal!

[@shane5110]

Fascinating! Thank you. Love this. Really, really appreciate that you show us the book/sources you have drawn upon! ❤

[@arock155]

They Hyksos "likely would have considered themselves to have become Egyptian." - I wouldn't be too sure of that. Ptolemy and his descendants also ruled Egypt and also adopted Egyptian clothing and customs, but they never forgot their Macedonian heritage or considered themselves Egyptian. In fact, the last of Ptolemy's descendants, Cleopatra, was the first who even bothered to learn the Egyptian language! This doesn't necessarily apply to the Hyksos, of course. My point is the fact that they adopted some aspects of Egyptian culture does not suggest that they believed themselves to be Egyptian. You've also shown that the Hebrews adopted some aspects of Egyptian culture (their clay seals show this as well), but they never considered themselves to be Egyptians.

[@webslinger527]

ehh. Even if so they basically adopt the same culture tradition and practices they may not fully understood the language but it was possibility like in the video that they had people that can translate for them or just understand the language, so even if he’s right or wrong that they called them selves Egyptians they basically kind of were, they have the culture customs everything that make someone a Egyptian by either just calling himself Egyptian or acting like an Egyptian so I really feel as if your comment kind of a nitpick.( no offense)

[@darthcalanil5333]

the meaning of becoming of the people (say Egyptian) meant very different things to different people throughout the time. The 15th dynasty is as far removed from the Ptolemies as us from the Roman Empire. The Egyptian people themselves changed quite a bit from the times of the pharaohs to the Hellenistic age

[@hans471]

@Captain Ahab: That is a great point!

[@claymcdermott718]

I’ve heard other Egyptologists say that the Hyskos thought of themselves as Egyptian. And some Greek rulers of Egypt definitely did think of themselves as both Greek and Egyptian.

[@juancarlosaliba4866]

Praying I get to know here who was the Pharaoh of the Exodus under Moses if the name was Seti or Rameses or neither

[@InspiringPhilosophy]

Bold strategy Cotton, let’s see if it pays off

[@markbriten6999]

Got news for you it never happened, certainly not in the numbers stated in the bible. Joshua was about 300 late to knock down the walls of Jericho, there wasn't anybody there

[@j.gstudios4576]

@@markbriten6999 😂are u trying to quote holy Kool aid

[@Andrew-pp2ql]

Disclaimer....I don’t necessary identify as a Christian and whether Jacob and Joseph were real people in Egypt I can offer no opinion. However; I do have have a vast amount of knowledge concerning warfare in antiquity (a passion of mine) and yes the Hyksos did introduce the chariot to Egypt (among other things, the composite bow and better armor making skills) which greatly aided in their ability to overcome Egypt. Also as your video mentions Egypt was going thru a period of weakening central authority which also contributed to an environment where the Hyksos were able to take over Egypt through progressive stages of conquest and not to a sudden invasion. Lastly , we know Apophis was the first of the Hykso kings to adopt an Egyptian personal name as the Hyksos leaders made great efforts to appear as legitimate Pharaohs to the people of Egypt. Some of your points you mention were spot on.

[@hans471]

In wikipedia it is written: "though discoveries announced in 2013 potentially place the earliest chariot use as early as Egypt's Old Kingdom (c. 2686-2181 BC)." en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chariot#Egypt The widespread use of Chariots seems to have dated to the Hyksos invaders. However, single chariots could have been used much earlier...

[@Andrew-pp2ql]

@@hans471 no doubt the wheel was already in use before the Hyksos conquest. That invention the Hyksos did not initiate Egypt to....but the tactical use of chariots in battle is credited to them. Appreciate the reference you gave. It is likely concerning that the wheel was a known discovery would come as little surprise that chariots on an individual basis could perhaps be used by leaders of nobility to help give them transportation across the battle field as needed before the New kingdom period. Unfortunately, during the old and Middle Kingdom period we have very little in the way of battle reliefs and inscriptions that have survived compared to the new kingdom. Often these sources provide the best evidence for tactical methods that were utilized....tactics of the old/middle period utilized massed formations of both close order infantry for hand to hand combat and large formations for archers. This period also utilized an inferior bow before the composite was introduced probably by the Hyksos....the composite bow bringing greater range and hitting power. Of course by the time the Hyksos were removed from power and the new kingdom period came in.....though large bodies of infantry still played a prominent role with the acquired technology (composite bow, better armor making skills) from the Hyksos, the Egyptians developed their own chariot arm adapting their own tactics and organization to meet their particular requirements. I do appreciate your response and reference. Thanks

[@hans471]

@@Andrew-pp2ql Dear Andrew, thank you as well for the detailed explanations! I also agree with you that the chariot only become important in the army during and after the time of the Hyksos. Maybe the Hyksos also imported larger horses?. The technology of bows of course also might have an impact on the use of chariots. Thank you for the insight with the composite bow!

[@Andrew-pp2ql]

@@hans471 no problem and appreciate your kind response. The horses perhaps were larger is plausible....Hyksos could of had access to the breeds the Egyptians did not...we know that the Achaemenid Persian empire had access to the Nissan breed that were larger than many breeds at that time and a more desirable war horse for mounted cavalry. Eventually the war chariot did fall out of choice once horses became larger and studier for men to utilize as cavalry. The Assyrians did transition from chariot to cavalry....perhaps in response to the cimmerians and later Scythian mounted warriors they encountered. Fun discussion any rate enjoy your week

[@Thehaystack7999]

Did Hyksos Pharaohs worship Amun-Ra? Could chariots have been exclusively owned by Pharaoh before the Hyksos? Or is the 430, 480 years for symbolic rather than literal? Would Israelites adopt an existing template story and apply it to their own history? Whether it is an early date or late date doesn’t matter to me except to understand biblical language and history better in our modern day.

[@sambeguely1132]

'Patterns of Evidence' and the David Rohl lecture series contributes to this discussion. It is the current paradigm of dating that gets in the way of any openness to the possibility of revisionism.

[@InspiringPhilosophy]

There are a lot of problems with that view - kzbin.info/www/bejne/iofUpWR4edCMnJo

[@sambeguely1132]

@@InspiringPhilosophy cheers, i will check it out

[@stephendianda1543]

Michael never disappoints. God bless Michael

[@Logan_Bishop_YT]

Michael Jones, you never fail to impress me. And for that, you deserve my Subscription.

[@erobles191]

I watched Patterns of Evidence with Tim Mahoney. That view I can agree with that view of Joseph, Jacob, Moses in the Middle Kingdom, etc. makes a lot of sense. David Rohl believes Amenemhat was the pharaoh of Joseph.

[@nathanaelswayne8024]

Always love these vids!

[@damiandziedzic23]

InspiringPhilosophy, what do you think of "Patterns Of Evidence: Exodus"?

[@jl453k2]

I was thinking this. David Rohl does have an interesting theory that at least in part (a rework of the chronology) is gaining a little bit of traction with younger scholars.

[@colmwhateveryoulike3240]

Good question. Replying so I get a notification.

[@Frodojack]

David Rohl's theory is not a good theory. He plays loose with the facts. If you want a good response, watch David A. Falks' channel. Falks is one of the few Christians alive with an actual doctorate in Egyptology. kzbin.info/aero/PLJDJ1utc3Qdpfr9QryZ10ZemPWEDH9Pxt

[@alexandros0828]

Are replying to see his response (:

[@hhhuthhhjj5599]

@@Frodojack bro bro bro michael heiser , james k hoffmeir , richard hess

[@MichaelNavarrete87]

What an amazing find here on the platform. And it’s good to know that even orthodox Jews are impressed. IP, can you shoot me the link to the Exodus video if you ever made it. I was thinking about it for the entirety of this video and when you teased it at the end, I went straight to your page. I’m really looking forward to binging on these videos.

[@joanhuffman2166]

7:45 Alternatively, I suggest that bureaucracies last forever and likely a Hyksos Pharoah would have observed Egyptian customs, or the staff would enforce those customs as a matter of prestige.

[@melaninsupergurl-vu4uv]

Avaris later renamed Rameses with rebuilt new construction on top. They found Joseph's statue, pyramid tomb and mausoleums of his 12 brothers and mass graves there. The mixed multitude that left Egypt with them was also Agean colonists Philistines, Caphtorim, Hyksos and Danites seafarers

[@blusheep2]

Avaris was not renamed Rameses. Rameses built a storage city/palace next to Avaris on an island in the middle of the Nile. Avaris was on the mainland and Pi-Rameses was on the island.

[@SLAV326]

Im Hotep.... That's Joseph... Don't forget different kingdom rulers in history had records destroyed before their reign. Once that happens, they say calender dates began with them.

[@bredmond812]

I could not find culture contacts and the making of cultures. Can you give me a link?

[@noordos]

I saw the thumbnail and thought this was going to be a physical quest - for their mummies.

[@Kuudere-Kun]

I roll my eyes when ever Joseph is placed that late. The Exodus happened at the end of the Middle Kingdom, I have no doubt in my mind about that.

[@superdog797]

The Exodus _didn't_ happen

[@coffeehousedialogue]

Based on what?

[@bf5180]

Can you make your own timeline from captivity in Egypt to the conquering of Caanan? Athiets seem to want all the evidence we have in corresponding dates to fully prove the stories

[@markbriten6999]

Of course we do cos you got nothing

[@bf5180]

@@markbriten6999 uh yeah because I am not a archeologist with a PHD

[@markjohnson4217]

It was in fact the Hittites who pioneered the single axle chariot, and brought it to the Amorite Kingdoms and down as far as Canaan as they temporarily conquered these territories. Prior to the war chariot, there would have been some version of a double axle 'wagon-like' vehicle which would have been far more cumbersome and difficult to maneuver in combat. The dominance of the Hittites was very brief but it took place right around that same period; between 1700-1600 BC.

[@liquidoxygen819]

Wasn’t it the Sintashta people who invented the chariot, in what is today’s Russia and Kazakhstan? My understanding is that they invented it, and then it spread through related Indo-European cultures as well as later, unrelated peoples. Perhaps it passed to the Hyksos via the Hittites.

[@hekskey]

This video is interesting and I think the Middle Kingdom is the right period, but I think it's far more likely that the Israelite settlement in Egypt corresponds to the peaceful settlement of Semitic people in Egypt long before the Hyksos period and that the Hyksos invasion likely came very shortly after the Exodus, once word spread of Egypt's vulnerability. According to the Biblical account, the Egyptian army was decimated after the Exodus during their attempt to recapture the Israelites. This would correspond with the unique event in Egyptian history of the Hyksos takeover, where part of the historical account is that the Hyksos faced virtually no opposition in their conquest. That's pretty odd, and not explained simply by their use of chariots. But it would make sense if most of the Egyptian army had recently been wiped out. That would also fit in with the overall timeline for the rest of the archaeological evidence that seems to match up with the whole pattern of events in the account, from the initial settlement in Egypt to the eventual Exodus and then the conquest of Canaan. It would also fit with the timing of the Ipuwer Papyrus, which reads like an Egyptian account of the plagues but which is dismissed as such because "these things don't really happen" and "it's too early", with the latter being determined because of the secular insistence on trying to place the Exodus in the reign of Ramses II.

[@gunner678]

Fascinating video. It's unlikely that the biblical account is pure narrative and myth, although traditionally much of it would be. There is a large hole in archeology knowledge. This is what makes it so interesting and full of possibilities.

[@C.J.JOSEPH]

IP Have you ever heard of the KZbin channel "Associates of biblical research " In that they discuss all the biblical archeology . In that they discuss the same topic which you now discussed, but they state that the joseph entered the Egypt in the middle kingdom. Iam quite confused that some says middle kingdom and others says 2nd intermediate period . can you guide me in this regard that who is right?

[@InspiringPhilosophy]

The time period of Abraham demonstrates a Middle Kingdom date of Joseph is too early, see kzbin.info/aero/PL1mr9ZTZb3TUqxi2svB3PUHvj-9io2RL5

[@pklemets]

Dr. R.L. McFarland published his studies from Egypt and Jerusalem states, Jacob born in 2006 BCE died 1859 in Egypt. Joseph ben Jacob aka Imhotep in Egyptian born in Canaan 1915 BCE . Egyptologist David Rohl links a number of archaeological finds to Joseph, and these can be summarized as follows: There is an Egyptian vizier known as ‘Anku’ who served from the reign of Amenemhat III through to the reign of Sobekhotep I in the thirteenth dynasty. This vizier was initially Overseer of the Fields and was responsible for the construction of numerous granaries

[@andypayne7019]

Awesome doco. Very good research.

[@mikebrown9850]

The title is Where are Jacob and Joseph? According to the Bible they are awaiting a resurrection (Hebrews 11).

[@Panwere36]

What I love (that is sarcastic in conveyance....) is that Ramses II was *_historically proven to have been what we today would be considered not only a historical revisionist, but also a toxic narcissistic gaslighter..._* , meaning most Egyptology cannot be relied on as historically accurate.

[@wargriffin5]

This is a culture that erases ANY trace of figures the future regime doesn't like(Hatshepsut, Akhenaten, etc.). A government official, like Joseph, could easily have existed and been erased from Egypt's historical record.

[@wargriffin5]

@Em Eye Kay Not YET we haven't. We didn't know that those other figures even existed until relatively recently, so the idea still stands.

[@Artemisarrowzz]

@ImranKhan It is also important to mention that all the rulers of ancient Egypt changed their name depending on their status and new job, so pharohs usually had like 4 names. So Joseph would have at least 3 names: the one given at birth, the one called before he was an official and the one when he was, and that is not taking into account if he was raisen above his station multiple times, or even declared governor of some area. Same goes for Moses.

[@NothingToNoOneInParticular]

Zamonth, Vizier in the Middle Kingdom was the only Vizier portrayed in statuary with the Pharoah's beard...other Vizier's were portrayed in statuary without the Pharonic beard.

[@ActualFaith]

Great research and doc! 🤓

[@baberoot1998]

A very fine dissertation. Well done. How accurate it all is...is of course up for debate. Still though, very well thought out and very well presented. Two thumbs up, 👍☀️👍, and a like for this video, plus a new subscriber.

[@Revanxxx1]

KA-Mose & AH-Mose seem like the right kind of rulers to fit in the Exodus story.

[@harveywabbit9541]

The Mo in Moses, is Egyptian for Water. Moses may also be spelled Mases, Meses, Mises, and Muses. Moses is also Bacchus, Dionysus, Osiris, Noah, Janus, and other river gods. Another example of Mo (water) is in Moab aka water father (the man in Aquarius). An example of Me (water) is Medad which is water lover. Medad is opposite Eldad (Ram Lover) aka Aries. Medad is the autumn equinox in Libra and Eldad is the spring equinox in Aries.

[@hans471]

@@harveywabbit9541 wrong. The suffix -mohse means born

[@gabikoyenov]

Wow, great video!

[@dodleymortune8422]

I like the fact that you use the word " likely " a lot when you speak about certain things from ancient egypt. It shows that there are still doubt about these things. Some skeptics act like we know everything and have perfect knowledge about ancient Egypt and the Bible should match that 100 pour cent perfect knowledge, when in reality what we know is likely the minimum and likely not even accurate for a lot of these so called knowledge.

[@yourfutureself3392]

Great video and series. I binged it all in one day

[@realmless4193]

I think I saw where this video immediately got off on a wrong start. There is actually direct evidence of Joseph from earlier in the Middle Kingdom. The video starts looking for Joseph in what is actually the time of the Exodus.

[@jytogatewood]

Really?

[@jytogatewood]

What evidence is that? Could that be a part of why chariots might not have been around, because the chariots up to that point ended up in the red sea?

[@realmless4193]

@@jytogatewood Well, that may be a reasonable explanation for why we have no chariots in the late middle kingdom. What we have evidence for is things like a pyramid tomb in avaris that has no body (yet all the other stuff remains) and it contains a statue of a north-west semitic man who was of royal dignity in egypt, had a coat of many colors, and had symbols of authority. This tomb is dated to around the middle of the middle kingdom. There is also a canal called the Fayum (Joseph's) canal dated to the middle of the middle kingdom, there is a massive social class change that occurs in the middle of the middle kingdom that aligns with the story of Joseph aswell. There is also a record of a semitic group entering Egypt at the time in the exact same way as Jacob and his family did. Beyond this, there is also evidence of the hebrew writing system being invented in Egypt during the middle of the middle kingdom that would later develop into Proto-Siniatic, and that isn't even all of it.

[@jytogatewood]

@@realmless4193 Interesting! That changes my understanding of the situation surrounding Moses a bit. I've been following the Lord Of Spirits podcast on Ancient Faith Radio, and Fr Stephen mentioned in passing that the original writings of Moses wouldn't have been in Hebrew since the written language hadn't been developed yet. Where should I look for the evidence you're pointing toward? Do you have it on your channel, or do you have a favorite book or something ?

[@realmless4193]

@@jytogatewood the easiest and most entertaining way to find the evidence for the exodus is to go through the documentary series "patterns of evidence". If you want to go deeper, you can also look into the works of every scholar and enthusiast cited in the series which come from every angle. Atleast two of the movies can be found on tubi. And again, though the documentary itself isn't scholarly, the works it cites are and it will give you a good starting point for looking into the subject. Not only will you know what the sources are, but you will also know beforehand what they adress and what their biases are.

[@ghadanada3416]

Prophet josheph and prophet Jacob were visitors to Egypt , the Egyptian king welcomed them with generosity in his palace, egypt respects and believes in all of god’s prophets , may god bless Egypt

[@MegaNicolemarie]

Informative Thanks !

[@euanwaugh2492]

Great work. I haven't read through the comments and apologies if this question has already been raised. Are you familiar with David Rohl's New Chronology? Rohl's work has been covered extensively by Tim Mahoney in the 'Patterns of Evidence' series. While Bietak, initially disagreed with Mahoney's thesis (and timeline), there now seems to be some agreement from Bietak, that there is a correlation between some of his work on the Hyksos and proto-Canaanites (?) at Avaris and the material presented by Mahoney.

[@search4mrmythos707]

Love it thank you for the scholarship sir

[@sir.joshuarane.doebler3762]

Good Afternoon, Israel! Praise Jesus. Praise the King. Praise and glory to God. God Bless. Jesus Christ, is the name of God. He lives. Praise and Bless God's holy name.

[@ismaelbarron7600]

Most historians and archeologists says : ' lack of evidence does not mean it didn't happen ' Just because Joseph or Moses was erased from Egyptian records because of they were foreigner doesn't mean he is fictional. Second evidence suggest the opposite as IP mentions in this video. Great work by the way !!

[@ThrashLawPatentsAndTMs]

Nice effort, but this video misses the mark left by archaeological evidence, to wit: 1. the opening and close suggest the Hyksos of the Second Intermediate Period, while the only direct evidence mentioned in the middle of the presentation is from the Middle Kingdom preceding the Hyksos. 2. If you're going to posit that Joseph served under "the" Hyksos, do you mind specifying whether you believe it was the Lesser Hyksos or Greater Hyksos? 3. The "logic" used in the presentation can be summed up as "this is evidence A, this is evidence B, because A doesn't occur during the SIP evidence B indicates (implicitly 'proves') a SIP dating for Joseph" ... the circular reasoning is painful. 4. Are you aware of Beteik's Avaris dig report, and the artifacts found in Stratums H and G -- there's a growing consensus that the evidence (including a cylinder seal having symbols for the 12 Tribes, see Michael Bar-Ron's Paper in Academia) point to a 12th Dynasty settlement and 13th dynasty Exodus? These are, disappointingly, completely ignored. 5. Corresponding with the 12 Dynasty, appears the canal called "the Waterway of Joseph" (since antiquity), while a certain Vizier named Anku was in service. There are no coincidences.

[@guilhermeschwambach1191]

I once heared that the hyksos are sometimes refeared as "Sons of Jacob", from where comes the idea that the Hebrews and Hyksos are the same people, and the exodus narrative comes from a collective memory about their expulsion by the 17th dynasty. Does this idea hold any water?

[@bonesrhodes3762]

--- strangely, at around 8:45 he quotes from Don Redford's seminal book ( to any study of the Levant in antiquity in religion, archaeology, or Egyptology ) "Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times" because Redford basically destroys all the claims this guy is making. There is no better book written on the subject, btw. - the only problem with the book is he introduces way too much information in way too short a space - you'll spend 10 times as long follow the trails and facts Redford delivers as you do actually reading his book. Redford even accurately predicts Trump's presidency as an aside in a footnote about whether the bible is the source for our laws ( footnote #31 Page 373 'Specter or Reality?')

[@Orthosaur7532]

Damn another great video :DD

[@G02372]

Look up The Bahr Yussef (Arabic: بحر يوسف; "the waterway of Joseph"[1] A Hebrew name given to a canal which prevented the Nile from flooding the land. Coincidence?

[@hans471]

I don't find counterarguments in your video why joseph should not have lived in the middle kingdom?

[@InspiringPhilosophy]

Abraham doesn’t fit with an earlier time period - kzbin.info/www/bejne/iITap6dmq8Z9lc0

[@hans471]

@@InspiringPhilosophy The only upper bound there seems to be the founding of cities/settlements such as Ai, Jerusalem. However, the dating there can only be very rough. Hence, from the data you presented it seems entirely possible (to me) that Abraham would have e.g. lived in the 19xx BC period. In this case, both Abraham and Josef could have visited Egypt during the middle kingdom. I say this, because I find Sesostris III appealing as Josef's pharao. Under his time, the strength of central government grew greatly (which could be related to good economic policy associated with Joseph)

[@johnsmith-iv6sc]

Has any bones of a Jew been found in Goshen, Egypt, or the Sinai peninsula? (Between the time of Josephs family entertaining Egypt and the time of the Jews wandering in the Sinai peninsula for forty years, which would account for at least 440 years?) Or pottery, or tools, etc?

[@dejavus_revenge746]

Is the exodus video out for supporters? Really looking forward to that video.

[@InspiringPhilosophy]

I am going to try to have it out for supporters in 7 days.

[@danieldishon688]

You never talked about Pharoh Semurset building his tomb near his greatest project "the Canal of Joseph" or the tomb with a statue of a semetic looking figure with a multicolored coat that is missing its bones.

[@InspiringPhilosophy]

Because it doesn’t fit the right time period.

[@thouser1553]

I don't understand why anyone gives a thumbs down vote. Must be painful to have that mindset and go through life being that critical over good work.

[@tedc4982]

About 1/2 to 2/3 of the world will do and say anything to deny the Bible and God. And as you can see in the present world around us they are absolutely committed to that end with no thought to outcomes and consequences what-so-ever.

[@quatroblazer1579]

This was a crazy crazy video 🔥🔥🔥 btw IP could you make a video on Esther too ?

[@InspiringPhilosophy]

Eventually, yes

[@Wonderwall627]

Have you reviewed any of Useful Charts recent videos? One of highlight is the "Is moses real" among many other recent who wrote the bible series.

[@qcsorter4626]

It would have been very useful if the bible chose to name any of the Pharaohs of the Jacob/Joseph narrative. The fact that it doesn't suggests that the story is just that, a story.

[@blusheep2]

Most stories in the Bible are minimized stories. They leave gobs of information out. Why would that be a suggestion that its just a story when some of the other details are very telling?

[@JimmyFerrell-s9r]

The Bible doesn’t call a Pharoah by name anywhere in the first 5 books of the Bible. Moses wrote the first 5 books. He was educated as an Egyptian. It was standard practice to use titles and not names in official documents. That’s why the name of a Pharoah isn’t recorded.

[@anniebodyhome1000]

Hey Mike. Very interesting, as always. Question - can you recommend a good time line poster? I've been looking for a while, as I learn more easily with visual aids.

[@InspiringPhilosophy]

Not any I am aware of

[@Jim-Mc]

I've wanted something similar, but don't think I could feel confident making my own. IP should publish one ; )

[@alvaroovallecastrellon4187]

Joseph name today is Jaime Pacheco Hidalgo

[@alvaroovallecastrellon4187]

Joseph name today is Jaime Pacheco Hidalgo and Benjamin name today is Francisco Ortiz Ortiz and Jacob are living in Chile ⭐

[@Lauren-vd4qe]

Re the chariots etc; if you look up Ron Wyatt who explored the beach and underwater land bridge of the children of Israel coming out of Egypt, you will find during his scuba diving exploration of the red sea area, plenty of human bones; horse bones and chariot wheels and axles videotaped IN the red sea and the underwater land bridge he discovered, where they crossed over, the uw land bridge is flanked by sea depths of 7,000 ft deep; its fascinating!

[@worf792]

Can you do a biblical archeology about the Exodus?

[@hopefulson1881]

curious as to why u ruled out the end of the middle kingdom? and is there room for error?…hyksos as the canaanites were there before and after rulership

[@Jamie-Russell-CME]

Rejecting the "Ron Wyatt" route which ends in Saudi Arabia is a mistake. Paul said Sinai was in Arabia. Galatians 4:25. It is overwhelming. And now open for more detailed scrutiny. Everyone who goes is convinced. If I am wrong, show me why.

[@hans471]

the question is which region is associated with sinai at the time of paul...

[@christsservant583]

Hey IP, I would like to request a video from you.Could you do proof of David and Goliath sometime in the future?

[@InspiringPhilosophy]

Yes

[@zahydierodriguez1529]

@@InspiringPhilosophy can you also do a video in the future about “Did Moses exist?”

[@christsservant583]

@@InspiringPhilosophy Thank You!

[@sebastianmelmoth685]

I have yet to find substantial evidence for most of what is recorded in most of the OT.

[@hans471]

That is a very imprecise statement. Statistically you would not expect to find much source material for the type of events described in the bible

[@sebastianmelmoth685]

@@hans471 Kind of my point.

[@jrr7031]

Meh... your Steele's and clay tablets with refrences are best extra-biblical sources.

[@yossephgetnet367]

Best channel no doubt. My goodness

[@hezekiahwallace2412]

IP have you ever heard of the Famine Stela inscription?

[@michaelwittkopp3379]

Honestly, I think that the reign of the Hyksos is too late. I'd point to Sesostris II and Sesostris III of the Middle Kingdom as more likely. The reason for this is that Sesostris III, reorganized the Nomes of Egypt, taking power away from the Nomarchs. This he was able to do _(in the 8th year of his reign),_ because his father had stored up grain enough to buy the lands from the Nomarchs... during a 7 year famine _(first 7 years of Sesostris III's reign)._ And if you look at the Biblical account, that was Joseph doing this selling grain for land... in the Pharaoh's name. Secondly, the Egyptians drove *_all_* of the Hyksos out of Egypt, all the way into Canaan. None of the Hyksos were enslaved. _(They were only ruling class & warriors, no merchants or common folk. They had to go or be killed.)_ *If* Joseph had been an overseer of a Hyksos Pharaoh, the Egyptians would have driven the Israelites out... right along with the Hyksos. _(Aka, Joseph was dead before the Hyksos came to power. The Israelites were nothing more than an Asiatic peasant people, living in Egypt. Hyksos saw them as of no value or threat. Egyptians saw them, after the Hyksos were gone, only as a nagging reminder of Asiatic overlords.)_ Following along that line, that makes Hatshepsut to be Moses's adopted mother _(only daughter of a pharaoh, recorded as having adopted an Asiatic boy, and only daughter of a pharaoh given the title of; The Daughter of The Pharaoh)._ And Thutmose IV, the Pharaoh of the Exodus. _(As the Dream Stele says, Amenhotep III was second son of Thutmose IV... because Thutmose IV's first son died mysteriously.)_ Also, Thutmose IV is the author of the Magi Stele _(aka Rant Stele),_ where he goes into a rant about Canaanite magicians, and how they all needed to be killed on sight, before they can say a word. Also, Thutmose IV tried to have Hatshepsut's memory erased from all records, making this extremely popular woman/pharaoh a non-entity. _(Obviously failed.)_ And lastly, Thutmose IV made only two military campaigns, both into Canaan, a land already paying tribute to Egypt, having been fully conquered by his father, grandfather & great uncle _(Hatshepsut's father)._ There, he took not riches, rather 112,000 slaves. More slaves than any 3 other pharaohs combined, including Ramses II. And, once you go to this earlier date for the Exodus, Archeological dating, and the Hebrew Bible, go hand in hand, all the way. It's only +/- 5 years that can be questioned. _(And _*_that,_*_ for ancient history, is exceptionally close.)_ Ps. Ramses is also the name of a Asiatic founded town in Goshen. That in the New Kingdom, housed a massive royal complex of two villas. It is also, the only such royal palace in all of Egypt, that was located directly on a part of the Nile. _(Hatshepsut finds Moses... Moses makes contact with Thutmose IV... both times where pharaohs could walk along the Nile, without making a major scene.)_ And the final oddity, that town was completely abandon during the reign of Thutmose IV, never ever mentioned once thereafter.

[@eldenrah9959]

You're just making things up, The only Pharaoh from outside lands was Ay, and he was African.. Egypt took over that land during 1479BCE, way before Ay was Pharaoh. The Egyptian created a believe system to causing internal conflict leading the Judge who ruled over those lands to pick Saul their puppet king, then the Philistines found out and wanted their own Puppet king in David, creating more internal conflict. Until eventually Thutmose the third took it by fourth in 1479BCE and kept it until Hosha took it around 723BCE because Egypt couldn't afford to protect it. Don't forget religion was the first politics and we all still falling for it for years!!!! Egypt played us all!!!

[@evnstvn58]

It just stuns me that, there are soooo many "YUSEF'S" throughout the Egyptian regions!

[@psalms519]

You gotta follow up video for the exodus?

[@littledeer1206]

This was awesome. More is coming to light Everyday. There are many stone tables still yet to be diciferred, they still sit n museum vaults.

[@NathanG454]

If Jacob was living in gods will and dwelling in land of Abraham where god wanted him why was there famine in the land were Jacob lived?