Intro to Areography | The Geography of Mars

[@kipsea3409]

(Decades later) "But mom i dont want to take Areography!"

[@SpecterDiego]

I hate the orange sand in my eyes every time we go on our Mars trip. -A kid in the future probably.

[@Nothing-1w3]

its course it's rugged and it gets everywhere

[@SpecterDiego]

@@Nothing-1w3 Yeah dude, so annoying!

[@Redwan777]

I can't poo well in Mars due to the low pressure.

[@AliKhan-mg3mj]

i don like ye profile pic why anime!? its always anime like why?

[@WDodds]

Commenting so the KZbin algorithm knows I want more like this

[@NorseGraphic]

KZbin algorithm: "Do you want to know more?"

[@xavierjones9639]

Oh yeah yeah

[@Twinson1]

+

[@intenseowl1255]

Just replying for the horrible YT algorithm.

[@gametroxide]

yes please

[@abyssal_phoenix]

Space object: hits mars on 1 side Vulcano on the other side: hello there

[@rohandalvi6476]

Mount Olympus, you are a bold one

[@dennisscherpen6591]

General kenobi

[@Fullmetal_Gacha]

Gravity: I’m about to end this man’s whole career In a few billion years or so

[@francescoresente6913]

Olympus Mons: "It's over Tharsis, I have the high ground!"

[@nitsuJ-xr3cj]

Prequel Memes? a surprise to be sure but a welcome one.

[@libbymmhm4866]

"One metric south america" as opposed to an imperial south america, obviously

[@Tjalve70]

South America is metric. North America is imperial. This should not be difficult to comprehend :-P

[@axelaguirre5014]

@@Tjalve70 México and the caribbean are in north América

[@Tjalve70]

@@axelaguirre5014 I know. But that ruins my point. So I ignore it.

[@esuil]

Word metric basically can be used as "this is unit of measurement", like "two metric bananas" would mean something size of two bananas, because origin of the word itself means basically "measurement". So by adding word metric you can tell that you are using object related to that word as measurement.

[@Luey_Luey]

it would be an imperial south america if this video was made before 1820

[@hex_6590]

For everyone who's into astronomy, the program he used for those cool space shots is called Space Engine and is absolutely amazing! You can go to any visible galaxy, star or planet and even land on them!

[@lemagicbaguette1917]

A bit late, but I wholeheartedly agree! I don’t have it,unfortunately, but I have always been fascinated with the heavens, and it now has a practical purpose because worldbuilding. It’d be handy to be able to pull up a planet so I can plop down a city or two.

[@PigZeee1]

This channel is getting closer and closer to just being a documentary

[@Visavislespoir]

That seems like a good thing though, doesn't it? It's more professional and informative.

[@MA-rf4hk]

Im here for it. Atlas pro, the visual encyclopedia

[@shoam2103]

What are your expectations, what do you want it to be? Also, why "just", what makes you say that? FYI, I feel like this video was informational and helped me build a mental map of the Martian surface.

[@PigZeee1]

Thomasubscribeplease how

[@TheBelrick]

CGP grey...

[@frikativos]

I first read "aerography" and I was thinking it maybe was about how you see things from the air.

[@SCPInsania]

I thought this until i read your comment to be honest. Sometimes my eyes don't read good.

[@reeckoyoshi5887]

Then it would be Airography

[@FirstnameLastname-uo3yu]

Reecko Yoshi He first read it as Aerography it’s the same as Airography

[@AndrewMakesPuns]

I thought it was about deserts because areo - arid lol

[@edwardblue107]

same

[@bananacat4945]

This is the coolest thing I've ever seen!

[@hanbanaroda]

Wait for the Pluto, thats some cool (dwarf) planet!

[@hrolfurleo8230]

It's very cool indeed!

[@kirbfruit]

Finna nut

[@MuscarV2]

Uuh, you either have a very sad and boring life or you're very young and have never traveled. These kinds of comments have been popping up the last few weeks, it's just a disgusting way to get likes. You're a very shitty person if you do anything like this (or anything at all) just to get a lot of likes, it's such a fake and disgusting way to act.

[@hanbanaroda]

@@MuscarV2 Ever considered that some people might be joking, righteous keyboard gladiator?

[@explodermlmk2107]

Wait, Areography is Ares-Graphy, Ares is the name of the God of War, Mars is his Roman name. So using this logic, Mercury's geography is called Hermeography, Venus's is Afrodiography and Pluto's is Hadeography?

[@No1_Planet]

That sounds cool!

[@nullone3181]

That's cool but I'll be fucked if we're making up a new word for the same thing on every single planet we explore

[@explodermlmk2107]

@@nullone3181 nah, we can just, like, study Proxima d-ography ;)

[@JesusSaves356]

Pronto Really? Or is this a joke?

[@explodermlmk2107]

@@JesusSaves356 I dunno :v I just said that like "what if this is how they would actually do it?"

[@nathanclegg616]

This video has an extremely epic feel to it. The topic obviously but also the tense music and great visuals make this video so interesting and captivating to watch and i love it

[@ethan60645]

“1 metric south america of rock”

[@aarspar]

I would say that Americans will try their best to avoid using the metric system but he's been using both in his previous videos xD

[@martinsriber7760]

@@aarspar The best would be not trying at all.

[@404Dannyboy]

@@aarspar Actually, for most Americans, especially sub 40 year olds, scientific scales are easier to understand in metric. I know a car goes 50mph but the speed of light or the mass of the earth make way more sense in metric. We learn all of our science in metric after all.

[@Ifoundnohappinesshere]

Metric system are too ubiquitous these day, so good luck avoiding the most useful and easy to understand measurement

[@BESHYSBEES]

404Dannyboy certainly an easier scale in metric, believe me or not we still use both even older Australians still speak in imperial but write in metric, the terms inch’s, feet and miles seem to resonate more with 5he older generation metric wasn’t adopted until the mid sixties

[@arctix4518]

Extremely interesting video, For me as a foreigner and person, who is interested in geology, it is often difficult to dig through the english articles about mars and its geology and geological history. This content is not completely new to me, but its very well explained for that short amount of time :D

[@macaroon_nuggets8008]

Wouldn't it be areology?

[@arctix4518]

@@macaroon_nuggets8008 Ironically, the word areology hasn't made it into science until now. It is still called geology of mars ^^

[@connorneely3458]

By the way, in that phrase, “For me as a foreigner and person, who is interested in geology, it is...” you don’t need to put that first comma there. Think of it like you were saying “I am a person, who is interested in geology.” That would sound a bit more fluid without the comma, right? (not trying time be a grammar nazi, just thought you’d find it helpful!)

[@arctix4518]

@@connorneely3458 Yeah, but we germans like our long and concatenated sentences ^^ Bad habit :D

[@koreyp4508]

@@arctix4518 when we study the rocks and layers, yes. So far it's just features on a map.

[@cmjnwd]

Would love a playlist devoted to the geography of the rocky planets. And maybe not even just planets, dwarf planets, moons, or asteroids. That's A LOT of content ripe for picking

[@skyebluesilly]

yesss

[@antonnym214]

I'm a planetologist, and I have to compliment you on your excellent research and presentation. I especially enjoyed the survey of Hellas. All good wishes.

[@davidtomazic1154]

Hey, what did you study to become planetologist? Was it hard to become, is it competetive?

[@fixcelente]

Watching these huge structures in Mars compared to the Earth reminds me that Mars is still smaller than our planet. Which gives us a piece of scale of how big the Earth is. It's fascinating

[@drmattconrad77]

Somewhere there are tardigrades thinking .... “I could survive there.”

[@Skeloperch]

TierZoo disliked this

[@Triadii]

They can... but they’ll infect that whole planet in no time

[@eke4146]

Triadii Official tardigrades are everywhere on earth. Have you noticed any difference?

[@Triadii]

eke no, they have not made a difference but astronomers are so cautious of letting bacteria out of earth into space, what makes you think they will give an exception for tardigrades? They could easily be confused for alien life, we can’t just let tardigrades or any earthly thing (other than humans) roam mars whether they can survive it or not

[@MsMRkv]

@@Triadii But humans will bring living things with them. You know only your gut has trillions of bacteria living inside. So it would be impossible to not contaminate Mars once we get there.

[@marcoanaya6364]

This was WAY more interesting than the science class I took about Mars, and if it is possible for life to exist.

[@barry3612]

Lunography and Venography next? How about Europagraphy? Maybe Titogrophy or Iography? Plutography?

[@AtlasPro1]

All in good time ;)

[@shmikal3464]

@@AtlasPro1 that's a really exciting answer, i cant wait (:

[@fede98k54]

the names would become so complicated, even more, if we must use the greek names... Aphreografy? Zeusografy? Uranografy? Ok, some don't sound so bad... but still.

[@johngreen4610]

I've been studying titography for years. Venography could be an exciting subject as well.

[@mementovivere2]

@@AtlasPro1 Yes please!

[@jeanbrandao9696]

This is one of most informative videos I’ve ever seen in my life. I’ve always had so many questions about Mars’ geography. You not only answered all of them but have me more to think about, and I’m still halfway through. Amazing work

[@lukasstaar6860]

This is honestly one of the best videos I have ever watched, you really managed to make a great introduction to the geography of mars! I would really like a series where you covered the geography of celestial bodys, that would be amazing

[@panosz8480]

"What the Greeks called Ares" As a Greek, we still exist, and we still call it Ares. Hahahahaha

[@TheBigRedskull]

Y’all still call the planet Ares? TIL

[@panosz8480]

@@TheBigRedskullIt's like that for the other planets as well Mercury- Hermes Venus - Aphrodite Earth - Ge (abbreviation of Gaia) Mars - Ares Jupiter - Zeus Saturn - Kronos Uranus is already a Greek word so that's pretty much unchanged, same for Pluto Neptune - Poseidon

[@TheBigRedskull]

Panos Z that’s pretty cool actually!

[@LeoStaley]

In English, we tend to abbreviate "ancient Greeks" to just "Greeks"

[@panosz8480]

@@LeoStaley Really? Quit telling everyone we're dead lol, we are still right here. Just kidding I know, I know what you mean. On another note, what is annoying to me about this is that some people tend to somehow view ancient and modern Greece as two separate entities, while we are actually the same nation. We just happened to carry on existing from ancient times all the way to today.

[@zzubra]

0:45 “our nearest neighbor Mars” is not our nearest neighbor. The orbit of Venus is nearer to Earth’s than is the orbit of Mars. (And, if you look at which planet is closest to us on average, counterintuitively that turns out to be Mercury. Though, that’s just a technicality, and doesn’t mean Mercury is easy to get to.)

[@bigabzboss]

How about the moon? Seems nearer to me

[@gabrielandradeferraz386]

@@bigabzboss backyard=/= neighbour

[@zzubra]

@Omar Zack I assumed neighboring planet was implicit in the statement in the narration. Yes, the Moon is certainly the nearest celestial body.

[@speedy01247]

technically the closest planet on average to earth is mercury. (its the closest to EVERY planet, cause of reasons that it circles the sun way faster so it can hang out with every planet much more then the others as the others can be separated by the entire sun for years if not decades/centuries depending on the planet)

[@PlasmaRanger]

speedy01247 Did you get this info from a CGP Grey video per chance? Cause I did and was about to comment the same thing.

[@Crump_Hole]

Very intersting, especially the part about the opposite nature of impact basins and volcanos.

[@zapfanzapfan]

Always wondered about that.

[@navras2006]

im imagining what kinda of deathstar can shoot piercing a planet like that and i hope its not around anymore

[@sebastian8922]

I physically can’t imagine the scale of Olympus Mons

[@jimmilton6644]

well france is about the same size

[@matthewarnold4557]

@@jimmilton6644 the size of france and the height of the Himalayas. If you start measuring from the ocean floor

[@KateeAngel]

Well, living in the town with biggest hill of 33 m most of my life, I can't physically imagine any mountain much higher than that 😂

[@pacotaco1246]

@@matthewarnold4557 many times taller, actually

[@james.8060]

@@KateeAngel lol

[@rafaellos99]

Literally one of my most favourite KZbin channels. I remember watching you when you had about 5k subs, while running on a treadmil. Thank you for your hard work. Keep it up man!

[@j-cool-guy]

Excited to watch this premiere atlas!

[@vyrva5690]

same dude

[@bobbygarza6263]

This is by far one of my favorite videos you've ever made, I, in fact, would love to see more of this in the future. Incredible work!

[@Gamepro2112]

A 17 minute video where I say “aw man, it’s over already” is a sign of an amazing video.

[@here0is0me]

This is without a doubt the best video about the Martian surface out there. Concise but detailed, well paced and engaging. Mars is small but its features are colossal and this is the best 20 minutes you could spend if you're just beginning to learn about the red planet.

[@Kuddochan]

Finally some decent context for all of my Terraforming Mars playthroughs

[@W-INTERNATIONAL-SYNDICATION]

Exciting how this new field of science is going to expand in the coming centuries. I can imagine Mars University classes teaching this shit as an actual major. all the iron dust, carbon dioxide, and everything that makes their home unique. Fun fact: The reason why Mars is so small is partly cause Jupiter shot material into the sun when it migrated billions of years ago. So blame jupiter

[@Inexpressable]

I blame jupiter for everything, don't worry.

[@somerandomguy___]

Dammit you Jupiter! Not only do you try to fling rocks at earth but you also did it on the sun and made mars smaller!

[@bananacat4945]

If it wasn't for Jupiter the solar system wouldn't exist

[@danksinatra9146]

@@somerandomguy___ Jupiter is very important for life on earth as it reflects asteroids and comets from earth.

[@abyssal_phoenix]

He also ate a lot

[@King_Ben_IV]

This was a very interesting and well explained video. Learning about the geology and geography of other planets is always a good time in my book. However, almost all the information on this kind of stuff is buried in scientific articles and papers which can be hard to read. So I'm glad you're here to read through, collect, and sumarise this information for us. Keep up the good work and I hope you can make more video's like this in the future.

[@terrylandess6072]

"One of the places a man made object hasn't landed and explored" is an amazing statement in of itself.

[@dahomersirson]

This was seriously awesome. This channel gives me content that I never thought I would even care about. Cheers and keep the hardwork!

[@erinmcdonald7781]

Mind Blown! In under 20 minutes I learned more about Mars than I gained in my 18+ years of school! Such an awe inspiring production, I hope we can gain the information for you to create future videos about Pluto, or the Jovian moons. Mahalo!!! 🌎😎💚

[@MuchWhittering]

You say that like you expected schools to teach you about Martian geography instead of useful things.

[@erinmcdonald7781]

@@MuchWhittering Well, I do know I've gotten a lot of use out of 1066's Battle of Hastings, Lol. Truth be told I was speaking rather tongue in cheek. On the other hand, since even national and state education boards can't necessarily decide what's practical, I leave that discussion for another day. ✌️😸

[@daviddennis5789]

I bought a Mars Globe twenty years ago just after Pathfinder, and I've used it to mark off the landing sites of all the missions between then and now. While I've liked that, until this video I never really appreciated the geography of the planet on that globe. This video is only 17 minutes, but along with the globe and pausing, I spent over an hour really taking in all the globe has to offer. Thanks to Atlas Pro for an outstanding lesson.

[@sohopedeco]

Man, that footage is impressive! Very professional! You scaled mant steps up from your usual content that already awesome!

[@ACHistory]

I think that this is a really cool topic. This is also one of my all time favorite channels - not many KZbinrs put as much work into their videos as you do, I also like you delve into other topics like ecology and in this case, areography

[@oklahomadepartmentofaerosp6119]

Wow, this is actually amazing. Mars truly does look like Oklahoma.

[@user-yu5vo4yh4u]

I love that the title and the thumbnail is not clickbait-y. Thank you for that

[@dj_vin6]

Your best video yet! Good work ill try to share it as much as I can you deserve the recognition!!

[@MrSnappy-hv8ox]

This was utterly amazing to watch, it was a shame it was a little short but I can understand how much effort you put into it, keep up the great work man 👍

[@ladofthedamned7796]

Its literally 17 minutes

[@MrSnappy-hv8ox]

This might’ve been just me but I was expecting it to be a little longer like closer to half an hour, either way it was a great video

[@dready529]

DamnLad is right. I think it's better to create an information packed video that teaches you a lot in a relatively short video while also being pretty entertaining than to have something drawn out and redundant

[@ladofthedamned7796]

@@dready529 that wasn't what i was meant to say but i'll agree with ya mate

[@nibnob3850]

This is great and I liked how cinematic it was

[@Ro_Ball]

I had no idea about the relation between the craters and the highlands of Mars. A very well made educational video.

[@TheHeavenman88]

i love that the interest in mars in ramping up at he right time while we are preparing to go there . i can imagine the next decades being ones of discoveries of all kind of things on mars. very exciting !

[@kimjongtrump1934]

Wow what an amazing video. So high quality and professional. And at the level or better than many huge corporations.

[@dababyonfire6868]

At 13:18 the crater in the center has a smiley face on it 😀

[@Gravistry]

That's Galle Crater, aka smiley-faced crater

[@ACE234dm]

It's beautiful I've looked at this for 5 hours now

[@aureusknighstar2195]

He's waiting for us to finally colonize Mars

[@XOPOIIIO]

3:36 Not really. Venus has denser athmosphere, it is scarce on craters too.

[@Dragrath1]

Yeah Venus has even less craters than Earth where the continents largely retain a complete crater record (relative to the Moon in crater density) back to over 600 million years or so and the end of the Cryogenian glaciation. With the first analysis of weathering of basalt under Venusian atmospheric conditions showing basalt on Venus's surface can't last more than a year on Venus's surface we can even definitively confirm the suspected recent lava flows observed by Venus Express were indeed direct evidence of active volcanism. Venus express had detected hotter than typical thermal emission as well as Sulfur dioxide spikes in the area of suspected fresh lava flows but lacked the resolution on its instruments to confirm it so that is yet another way Venus can resurface itself. Plus only the large kilometer+ scale impactors can even maintain enough velocity to create an actual crater on Venus. Anything smaller is slowed down by the super dense atmosphere until it lands gently on the surface something which surprised the Russians when their probes continued transmitting data after they hit the surface before losing contact between the probe and receiver which was flying past Venus never to return. And if we are getting semantic about details there are even surviving remnants from even older ancient craters if they were of sufficiently cataclysmic scales like the the Sudbury and Vredefort impacts of the paleoprotozoic or even further back to the late Archean if you count the fragmentary traces of rocks which were deformed rapidly by truly ancient impacts which may have been responsible for the formation of Earth's first continents themselves. Thus to some degree one could possibly argue that the continents are ancient craters which have accumulated mass via accretion of subducting rock and differential melting. Yeah by every metric Venus has far less craters among the worlds with a well defined rocky surface. ;)

[@Makem12]

3 days ago, I skimmed this channel band wondered why I subscribed in the first place. This video 100% made me remember why I subscribed and why I will continue to keep up to date with your videos

[@secondsea2]

This was such a helpful video! I’ve never seen Mars colorized where the “oceans” would be before. It really helps contextualize the surface.

[@50rri50]

I’m really impressed by this video. Great work! I loved it!

[@AndreaTerenziani]

"our closest neighbor, Mars" AKCHUALLY there's a whole CGP-Grey video explaining how that title belongs to Venus or Mercury

[@kindlin]

@ShadeyBladey It depends on your definition of 'closest.' There are a few to choose from. Most of them point to towards Venus, but average distance is won by Mercury.

[@fallendown8828]

@@kindlin Mercury is the bestest closest to every other planet :D

[@kindlin]

@@fallendown8828 I think the fact that every astrophysical body in orbit of the sun is closest to mercury on average, makes that a rather useless definition to use for the closeness of two objects. It applies to almost everything, making the answer assumed before even asking the question.

[@ryanslearningchannel7427]

Well Actually, Actually is spelled AKCHUALLY

[@JAGzilla-ur3lh]

This is really amazing stuff. I'd absolutely be down for tours of other planets, moons, etc if you decide to make them.

[@eckee]

This will come in super handy. Detailed enough with lots of info but quick and straight to the point. I liked the ADHD friendly nature of this

[@ashrafali1022]

Best geography class that will ever exist

[@abyssal_phoenix]

Something I have been wondering for years: if we were to bombard mars with comets, will water slowly reappear? If we bombard mars with rocky meteors, will we cause a slow repair of the atmosphere? Can we reactivate the Vulcanos of mars? What would happen if we drop normal bombs on mars? Could we farm iron and oxygen out of the rusted crust of mars? (by separating rust into iron and oxygen molecules) If we were to terraform mars, with the same atmosphere as earth, wouldn’t it have a wider spread taiga climate? How hard is it to release the frozen CO2 of the poles?

[@orionsbonk]

Rick Borghuis i know nothing about you but you are a mad lad and i love you

[@marks9127]

I'm not a scientist, but I'd say so: 1. That would take way more energy than humans can produce now, but theoretically speaking, I think it's possible. 2. If these rocky meteors contain huge amounts of gases, I'd say yes. 3. Can you "reactivate" volcanos on Earth? Perhaps dropping nuclear bombs into craters could do something :P 4. Gravity on Mars is roughly 3 times weaker than on Earth, so the speed and therefore, the force at which bombs would hit the surface will be smaller ( F=mgh - mass * gravitational pull m/s^2 * height). Meaning that unless 1 * 10^100 bombs (let's say Tsar's bomb) would be dropped on Mars, nothing serious would happen. 5. If there's a way to split Fe2 O3 H2O, then yeah. 6. Coniferous trees definitely can live in such climates, maybe even some non-coniferous, so mixed forests is also a possibility in some places (probably around Mars' equator) 7. Earth is doing just that right now. You just need heat :)

[@raureif1874]

Unfortunately, terraforming Mars is much, much more difficult than just fixing it's atmosphere and water levels. The most crucial thing that Mars is lacking, is a moving core that generates an electromagnetic field. Such a field allows earth to maintain an atmosphere and protects from deadly solar radiation. To terraform Mars we would either need to: 1. Permanently import gasses and water to balance out the losses due to solar winds. 2. Reignite the core of Mars and get it moving again. 3. Construct an artificial magnetic shielding over the entire planet. Each of these are completely impossible for humans for at least the next millenium or so. For the forseeable future, humans will not be able to freely live on the surface like they do on earth.

[@robertosanantonio7040]

You’d be interested to read the Red Mars trilogy if u want the answers to these questions!

[@abyssal_phoenix]

I always have been interested in such stuff, my fav game on mobile is terra genesis. It has quite a lot of real life science, but it is mainly lacking the magnetic field aspect. Im wondering if we could repair the core to recreate the good ol magnetic field

[@WanderTheNomad]

wow absolutely amazing video

[@WanderTheNomad]

@@kodoboto451 Atlas Pro posted it

[@WanderTheNomad]

I know it's an amazing video because Atlas Pro was the one who posted it.

[@WanderTheNomad]

Also I was being a bit sarcastic because I hate youtube's premiere feature.

[@vrimb1]

0:49 nope venus is closer too earth than mars on closest point, and mercury is the clostest on average

[@speedy01247]

11 hours late (I mean I was busy all day and am catching up when I should be sleeping, but glad to see someone else called him out on this)

[@pointynoodle]

He knows dumbass

[@freddekl1102]

But which one is the mosest closest to Jupiter?

[@vrimb1]

@@freddekl1102 mercury is all the planets mostest closest

[@No1_Planet]

mostest closest

[@Liftium]

Your production improved soooo much! This was an absolute joy to watch.

[@Flugmorph]

the visual and audio presentation here is just awe inspiring!

[@a.skoupas4162]

Hello! Fantastic video! Just a small nitpick though: Mars is not the nearest planet to Earth (as you state in 0:52 ), that title actually goes to Venus: Venus's semimajor axis is 0.23 AU away, while Mars' is 0.52 AU away. Keep up the great work!

[@AllanAksiim]

CGP Grey did a video about that one: kzbin.info/www/bejne/iabQdXuZo6iFq7c

[@petersmythe6462]

"our nearest neighbor, Mars" By no definition is Mars our nearest b neighbor. Venus is closer by time, minimum distance, and Delta-V. Mercury is closer by average distance.

[@petersmythe6462]

@tomyourmom There's absolutely nothing that says Venus won't be visited first. Especially if you mean a flyby. As for habitation, on Mars, you'll need to be in a pressurized suit at all times. Just like on the moon. Whereas on Venus, at the right altitude range you could perfectly happily walk outside with little more than a wetsuit and a respirator and build equilibrium pressure airships as habitats that use air as a lifting gas. It'd even be a tolerable temperature without AC. Not freezing like Mars. Further still, long term accumulation of radiation from space is much lower with several tonnes per meter squared of atmosphere available on Venus and solar power is super abundant during the day. Mars' atmosphere is worse at protecting against radiation than 20 meters of sealevel air on Earth. It's basically nothing against gamma rays. Furthermore, solar power is about half as strong as Earth. Venusian soil may be hot enough to melt lead, but you need not necessarily do much more than drop an obscenely long cable with some kind of small excavator claw on it to get at that soil. Yes, it is harder than Mars or the moon, but far from impossible to get surface materials. But unlike Mars and the moon, Venus has abundant raw materials in it's atmosphere, at least if you're not looking for metals. Hydrogen, Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur can be harvested in absolutely silly amounts from the atmosphere. Do I think we'll probably settle Venus before Mars? No. But do I think it's guaranteed we will settle Mars before Venus? Also no. As for Earth similarity, I would say neither is particularly Earth similar. They're almost as different as edge habitable zone planets could be from Earthlike.

[@TheAjie91]

Yes, but would you Like to live in ocean of sulphuric acid and a day longer than a year?

[@Markle2k]

@@petersmythe6462 The main reason for a Venus flyby would be as a bonus while getting a gravitational assist on the way to Mars to stay. If you walked out into Venus' atmosphere at the level that it is comparable to sea level on Earth, you would start itching from the sulfuric acid attacking your skin.

[@TheBelrick]

Mercury is the planet that is closest by average to ALL planets. My goodness youtube is a goldmine of videos teaching us this stuff

[@AerotaleYT]

Moon: Noobs

[@vincentcleaver1925]

Googling things, like I have done (elsewhere) sizing the gallilean moons of Jupiter compared to the continents, and the surface area of Mars is about the same as all land area on Earth, so the northern lowlands are about a third of all martian surface area and less than half the area of the Atlantic or a third of the Pacific or two thirds of the Indian ocean and about the same as Australia plus the Americas. The southern highlands are about the same area as the 'world island' of afro-eurasia plus Australia, or the Atlantic. Tharsis is a little larger than Africa, a little smaller than the Americas and roughly the same area as Africa plus Australia (sorry, Australia, you're not just loose change!). I hope this is helpful in imagining people living and working across the surface of a new world! BTW, I tend to consider the Moon to be the grey continent. Heinlein compared it to Africa, which is actually smaller; it's roughly the same area as Tharsis or, again, Australia plus Africa... Ganymede is about the same surface area as afro-eurasia. Callisto is Africa plus the Americas. Europa is about the same area as Africa and Io is about the same area as the Americas, so they are both together equal to Callisto and all four sum up to nearly half an Earth in surface area or half again the land area of Earth and Callisto you could think of as a frozen Indian ocean! 8-P The three outer ice covered moons are altogether just a little bit greater in surface area than the Pacific ocean.

[@erinmcdonald7781]

Thanks for adding this information. It's still difficult to comprehend things continent scale, but much more relatable than planetary scale. 😎

[@santi___4868]

This channel is so underrated, amazing work

[@brob1797]

I’ve been looking for something like this for months, it’s so fascinating and you managed to make just the coolest video I’ve maybe ever seen

[@JoaoPedro-qp9cw]

Mars seems strangely like an "add air" food, the ingredients for a colony are already there, we just need to create the right conditions

[@fede98k54]

But except for water being already there Mars is terrible. The soil is full of salts and toxic minerals, the air is toxic to us, there's no strong magnetosphere preventing the sun to cook you alive with it's radiation, there's less gravity than on earth and the pressione alone would kill you. If terraforming Mars is possible (which probably It Is, It's nothing too advanced really, It's Just beyond our capacities due to economical and political reasons) It would still probably be quite hard, and would require more work than to add oxygen and melt the ice.

[@user-iv7om7xs7v]

The soil is super poisonous - like 'industrial waste' level bad. Anything added would be stripped instantly by the sun, so we couldn't make it nice unless we could create a magnetic field. It's really a pretty awful rock.

[@fede98k54]

@@user-iv7om7xs7v You would need to create an artificial magnetic field, which while possible with our current technology requires such a large amount of infrastructure and energy that we might as well call it impossible for now.

[@SuperSMT]

@@user-iv7om7xs7v It would be stripped, but not instantly.. more like over hundreds of thousands of years. The loss is completely negligible on human timescales. The perchlorates in the soil is an issue thoug

[@JukeboxTheGhoul]

"Just add water"

[@theareographer7842]

Ooh looking forward to this. I've got some Areography videos in the works, though likely won't be at the quality of your videos!

[@timusmaximus6794]

seems legit, if you read your name you know that you do areography. i will watch them i like mars.

[@theareographer7842]

@@timusmaximus6794 Thanks for your support :)

[@franjojosip9800]

You should do "geographies" of Venus, Mercury, the Moon and why not Pluto as well.

[@ander.ramosv]

What a beautiful video, seriously amazing to see something that for most viewers for sure is completely new. Adding your fascinating video quality and editing, makes this seriously gold. You deserve everything!

[@SidMajors]

Knew much you say already. But you summed it up perfectly to truly make this the best video about Mars' geography. Would love an even more detailed video about certain interesting areas.

[@AlvinBalvin321]

I’m actually really interested in that map of Mars with the amplified terrain and blue oceans. Can I have it? Edit: just saw that I need to join patroon for that

[@Arghore]

just search for pictures of mars. there are plenty cool ones to be had :)

[@GabeTStarman]

So I guess if we keep the Greek tradition we’ll have: Hermography Aphrography Geography Seleography (earth’s moon) Areography Hadeography/Plutonography And so on and so forth for the major terrestrial celestial objects that we can detail today. I suppose we can continue this with exoplanets or change it up. I think the gas giants don’t really have “geography” per se. It’s more like meteorology, or one big atmospheric weather system.

[@nullone3181]

Wouldn't it be something like Hadeography?

[@panosz8480]

@@nullone3181 Plutonography actually. The name "Pluto" is the latinization of the Greek Πλούτων (Pluton). Hades was the name of the underworld, Pluton was its king. Calling the king Hades is an oversimplification

[@zayquavious146]

This guy needs to be on National Geographic

[@KakapoKakapoUnderscore]

National areographic

[@aureusknighstar2195]

@@KakapoKakapoUnderscore hehe

[@adamk4775]

This video was fascinating I haven't seen a video exploring Mars's areography in such great detail, and I have never thought that its surface could be so interesting. I really was glowed to the screen.

[@brianevans5616]

What an informative video. Very thorough and in depth. Absolute joy to watch several more times at least

[@peterjones701]

At the beginning of this video and how the score sounded, I really was expecting Sir Patrick Stewart to start saying "Space, the final frontier..."

[@InventorZahran]

"I am going to commandeer a spacecraft from the Schiaparelli crater. This makes me officially the first ever space pirate!"

[@danielduvernay3207]

Ever noticed how Atlas Pro abbreviated to AP.

[@erinmcdonald7781]

One of my all time favorite videos!!! Back again, after watching the enlightening "canyons" video. Thoroughly enjoy your your hard work!!! 💜🌎🌄🍀🦋

[@donaldtrumpuncensored6728]

This may be one of the most interesting documentaries I have ever seen you nerdy bar steward! Excellent! Thanks.

[@dener-7412]

Here's a video idea " the geography of birds" where you explain the phylogeny of the bird family tree, and explain what environments and environmental pressures caused each bird to specify and develop new and unique characteristic

[@JesusFriedChrist]

The last time I was this early, I didn’t write a witty comment about how early I was.

[@ammaren9459]

Me neighter

[@eerice704]

Ammaren 03 hello there

[@ladofthedamned7796]

@@eerice704 General kenobi!

[@ladofthedamned7796]

Now laugh i said star wars reference pls guyz laughhhh

[@barackobama6858]

damnLad no

[@ryujinzzz6050]

Everyone else: Look at those volcanoes! me: So mars can have pimple too!

[@colatf2]

I love your content. I subbed to you when you had a 4 digit sub count. You're the most underrated channel ever.

[@SugaryPhoenixxx]

Every one of your space videos makes me appreciate our earth so much more.

[@magnusaugust8489]

You know, the fact that the Russian satelite crashed into mars, means that there is now life on mars, if any of it has survived anyway. Wait a few million years and something might have developed? Just curious, doubt anything could survive.

[@notcraig255]

the water bear could but the way they try to stay alive is basically just putting themselves in a state where they can't do anything. so there could be life on mars but they just be sitting around, waiting.

[@Mark-uh3un]

Hmm so the place where life is most likely to occur on Mars is also the place where the only man made object to explore there "crashed down"... or maybe their air defences are working as intended...

[@signodeinterrogacion8361]

That would be a great science fiction setting

[@okman9684]

I need a Martian globe now

[@x2ernal357]

PLEASE do more on Mars, this kind of stuff is really interesting and it suits your style really well

[@user-ol7pk3qp2d]

I love your content! I’m so proud to be one of your Patreon supporters!

[@FRIEDYOGURT-s4c]

“One metric South America” that’s what she said

[@Bobelponge123]

Yo mama so cringe at ya girl you wanna get to your house wye eye w to the point of a job and then I can go to a higher level

[@namesnotjoe1394]

???

[@justsomeghostwithinterneta7296]

*"Terraforming Mars" intensifies*

[@2Links]

"Our nearest neighbour, Mars" Sure about that one?

[@samarkand1585]

Funnilly enough most of the time it's Mercury

[@josukehigashikata8690]

The mostest closest.

[@josukehigashikata8690]

Mercury is closest to all of the planets (most of the time).

[@feynstein1004]

@@samarkand1585 Ayyy CGP Grey reference

[@AerotaleYT]

Moon: Am I joke to you?

[@marcelogranja]

Amazing topic and terrific soundtrack choice. Congratulations, it is my favorite video so far!

[@tuhmater2985]

The way these videos are made just keeps getting better and better. I didn’t really think I needed to know this, but now I want to know more.

[@daviddavis4885]

Okay, who else thought this was going to be about studying Geography from an Areoplane?

[@pansepot1490]

That was my second. At first I thought it was about Aerography the art spraying technique. 😁

[@abelstropicalfruit8647]

You should make the geography of Languages.

[@reeckoyoshi5887]

I think he has.

[@jahangirkhizer6289]

Reecko Yoshi where?

[@nobodyishere]

Flat Mars society

[@beguilingfire]

It would be fantastic to have a tour of the mapped bodies in our solar system - Mercury, Luna, the Jovian moons, and Pluto all seem pretty well mapped for sure

[@chapter1o1]

Recently started watching the BBC series The Planets with professor Brain Cox, makes the history of our solar system fascinating.

[@alfonsoferrerad1143]

I wish there were more channels like this I LOVE GEOGRAPHY, and areography, now is my favorite science lol

[@aniinnrchoque1861]

Our next neighbour is the moon, then VENUS and THEN Mars ^^, Don't mess with Smartass Squad

[@minera7595]

Areography (Mars) Selenography? (Moon) Aphrodography? (Venus)

[@macaroon_nuggets8008]

Well actually Mercury is closest (planet) to Earth most of the time.

[@samarkand1585]

Don't mess with the failed smartass squad then

[@josukehigashikata8690]

@@macaroon_nuggets8008 CGP grey gang.

[@loganb6568]

@@macaroon_nuggets8008 It's not just the closest planet closest to Earth most of the time, it's the 'mostest closest' planet to Earth ;).