The Steps to Making Mars HABITABLE

Mars has tantalized many with the promise that it could be made to tolerate life. In this video we take a look at the many changes the planet would need to undergo to create the optimal conditions for introducing biology. There's a lot to be done so the sooner the better!
Follow me on twitter @theatlaspro
Support me on patreon at / atlaspro
Music: / atlas-new-one
Sources/links:
www.atsdr.cdc.gov/phs/phs.asp...
www.sciencedirect.com/science....
www.nasa.gov/feature/can-plan...
marsed.asu.edu/mep/atmosphere....
www.popularmechanics.com/spac...
solarsystem.nasa.gov/resource....
science.sciencemag.org/conten...
www.wired.com/2012/08/enginee...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circums...
www.nasa.gov/sites/default/fi...
agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.c...
journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1...
link.springer.com/article/10....
themis.asu.edu/feature/38
pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i2782/
upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi...
www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Ima...
www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Ima...
www.nature.com/articles/s4146...
www.nature.com/articles/nrmic....
www.space.com/7179-mars-canyo...
www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/V20...
web.ua.es/docivis/magnet/eart....
www.planetary.org/articles/1710
www.sciencedirect.com/science....
agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.c...
www.uahirise.org/sim/science-...
www.semanticscholar.org/paper...
upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi...
www.researchgate.net/figure/T...
www.sciencedirect.com/science...
• Hebes Chasma in 3D
www.sciencedirect.com/science...

[@francescoresente6913]

"An entire culture dedicated to a common goal, working together as one to turn a lifeless rock into a garden"

[@nomeruim1957]

“When you spend your whole life living under a dome, even the idea of an ocean seems impossible to imagine.”

[@Migmaqiw]

We had a garden and we paved it.

[@aureusknighstar2195]

"The Agricultural Sector of the World"

[@matyasmatta]

@@Migmaqiw ohhh yes, my favourite quote from the expanse...

[@nomeruim1957]

@James Clark i wasn't even talking about flat earth, tf you mean?

[@EPICPWNZOR3TM]

Atlas Pro decided that covering Earth was too easy and went off to conquer Mars instead

[@bdbgh]

Step 1, don't send genetically modified mutant cockroaches to mars

[@ladofthedamned7796]

Nah fuck you i'll do exactly just that

[@clowdfish]

man of culture :3

[@barath4545]

Or Mosquitos!

[@rapidthrash1964]

TerraforMars

[@ZenizhivGreen]

You can send insects bois to stop the cockroaches chad

[@ihavetowait90daystochangem67]

In order to make thing habitable, first you must need water so a 2x2 unlimited water source should be put first

[@user-og6ei8pr7b]

I only have 5 iron got 1 ingot?

[@kurtb1706]

@@user-og6ei8pr7b Use the first Bucket two times, but I don't have Iron in any way.

[@CooltasticOG]

@@user-og6ei8pr7b Use the extra two iron ingots for a sword.

[@ladofthedamned7796]

Minecraft's physics just dont work, hope they make it just like lava

[@pbxn-3rdx-85percent]

so how may ice cubes is that? : )

[@lochnessmobster9026]

I love how they named a valley after HG Wells

[@alanivar2752]

bruh

[@stevenpilling5318]

ORSON Wells!

[@lochnessmobster9026]

Up-a-Creek or a David Bowie

[@Teddy-rv8iw]

Charon, pluto's moon, has a region called Mordor

[@whitestguyuknow]

He said Orson but yeah

[@thelogician1934]

I realised Atlas Pro is actually a high calibre scientist, rather than just a KZbinr.

[@aespa690]

no hes not

[@janetrojas8939]

He is not but very passionate KZbinr

[@HarveyMeadowlark]

@@aespa690 I’m pretty sure he has at least a bachelors in environmental science, so objectively he is a scientist, but to say “high caliber” is subjective. There’s scientists designing and using particle accelerators and sh!t like that lol high caliber is probably better used when referring to them

[@Shibbymatt]

I hope they get to terraforming Mars soon. I got five kids to feed!

[@norbert-yy4be]

what are you gonna feed em , martian dust ???

[@HDTomo]

@@norbert-yy4be I heard mars soil is a chad drug

[@sonuchauhan-ne3cj]

Do you want them to feed your 5 children??

[@overthecounterbeanie]

@@norbert-yy4be clearly you've never watched Total Recall.

[@norbert-yy4be]

@@overthecounterbeanie no I havent

[@Kuddochan]

As someone who loves to play Terraforming Mars on a relatively frequent basis, this is some much appreciated context to everything you can do in that game

[@pasoundman]

I'm unaware of how and where you can play this. Can you illuminate me please ?

[@Kuddochan]

pasoundman Err well it’s one of the most highly rated board games on boardgamegeek nowadays. Can’t tell you which of your personal local stores will sell it but I’m sure you can google it

[@pasoundman]

@@Kuddochan found loads of terraformers via google later. weird !

[@Alice-si8uz]

@@Kuddochan if you want a game that involves terraforming a REALLY good one Terragenesis it even has different fractions with their own goals to achieve and you can colonize a whole bunch of different planets including random and custom ones if you pay a but extra (the base game is free though a lot of the game can be unlocked by beating different planets). You can even create your own biosphere with plants and animals you need to balance and maintain.

[@icarusbinns3156]

@@Kuddochan It’s still pretty high. Nominated for the Spiel de Jahares last year, in fact! It didn’t win but… my shop has dedicated an entire shelf to it and all its expansions (and the Dune games). And we sell it quite regularly. It’s no Gloomhaven, but it’s doing quite well!

[@visheshsharma93]

I didn't even know so many areas of Mars have their own names

[@HopeRock425]

Watch the video he did on Mars's geography, it has a lot more names.

[@J11_boohoo]

Mars is well studied so...

[@rikubackman2496]

Venus also has many named sites, well pretty much every solid body in our solar system has named places expect the smallest of moons.

[@pbxn-3rdx-85percent]

Rumor is M&M's plans to construct a candy factory on mars. They'll call the site M&M on M. Catchy huh?

[@visheshsharma93]

@@pbxn-3rdx-85percent really? I thought Mars bar was already their export

[@JohnSmith-mj2ts]

The problem with this picture is that its not exactly clear just how much of that ancient water is left after billions of years of atmosphere depletion cased by the weak magnetosphere. It could be that the majority of it has already been blasted off by solar wind. Current pressure is 1/100 that of earth. Mars has effectively lost its entire atmospheric mass of gasses many times over (since it was being replenished by regenerative outgassing from rocks and ice, which was all also lost). That includes water and its components. There's still some remaining ice there, but even in the best case scenario restoring anything resembling these images of deep planet spanning oceans on Mars may not be possible anymore without adding new water.

[@godboy159]

I was thinking the same thing. Like we aren't even close to truly knowing what we have to work with there. A reason why I stopped watching discovery science and others was because of the a matter of fact way they said everything. I enjoyed watching amateur videos created by scientists or even high quality production videos from organizations like NASA on youtube more. Now KZbin is being inundated with main stream wanna be people with their a matter of fact dialog. I understand it sells but a little more humility would be great.

[@DarthMalgusSith_Lord]

even if Mar have little Ancient Water left we can fixed that by importing the water from elsewhere and we got plenty of water in our Solar System, the Kuiper Belt asteroids, most of them made of ice, water ice, so just bring them to mars and bombarded them unto the planets, that's how Earth got her water

[@ObjectsInMotion]

@@DarthMalgusSith_Lord Okay but with all that energy you'd spend moving asteroids you might as well just live in space colonies. Terraforming doesn't make any economic sense.

[@DarthMalgusSith_Lord]

@@ObjectsInMotion well yeah, we need a stable home, a planet to lived on, to established a civilisation and to ensured our species survival

[@DarthMalgusSith_Lord]

@Up-a-Creek that's a good question, human nature are unpredictable, sometime we're rational and mostly we become too greedy for certain thing. i already lost hope in humanity, so i don't mind if they drive themselves into extinction

[@abyssal_phoenix]

This is some good stuff to watch. Can’t wait. Terraforming is really something I’m interested in

[@ayoungentomologist7163]

If your interested try to play terragenisis its a really cool game you start on mars and you have to terraform it if your done you get other planets if you like terraforming try it

[@abyssal_phoenix]

Check my Channel. I once made like 3 super short vids on TerraGenesis

[@Aeturnalis]

Same here, something that I've thought about on a few occasions. Honestly, that magnetosphere part is probably the biggest challenge, as it seems virtually impossible to re-liquefy the core of that planet and nearly impossible to add enough magnetism in orbit at L1 to actually shield the planet from solar winds. I haven't done the calculations, but I suspect you'd need an iron sphere the size of Earth's moon to provide that level of magnetism, or at least somewhere between terawatts to petawatts of power to generate that level of electromagnetism. We'll likely not live long enough to see any advancements in this area, but it's fun to dream :)

[@abyssal_phoenix]

Aeturnalis hope fully we can find stuff when humans land on mars, maybe some compounds hidden in the soils. Possibly even some stuff that could let us see mars isn’t dead, maybe if we were to pump heat into the core an old vulcano gets reawakened, It is possible. That a planet is looking dead but is active on the inside. But what if the crust was massively compacted and it the core just got too weak to make vulcanos active? Then maybe some power from the outside could help. By weakening the crust by drilling holes in it, and injecting a massive amount of explosives in the holes and then inject all the heat

[@feynstein1004]

@@Aeturnalis I think building a giant iron sphere isn't the most efficient way to accomplish this. In principle, all we need is a bar magnet. I ruled out electromagnets because they seem to need way too much power, or not, depending on your calculations. But yeah. A permanent magnet would only need to be magnetized periodically, instead of constantly like an electromagnet. However, I don't think I can design a magnet like that. It'd have to be extremely strong and powerful.

[@cgbreeki849]

“If we have the technology to terraform Mars, we have more than enough capacity to make our planet better for us to live again” - Neil deGrasse Tyson

[@mihan2d]

And likely plenty of technology to colonize other star systems, either via sleeper ships or by that time already developing *some kind* of FTL travel. Which is not only better opportunity, it's also far more secure as it ensures humanity's survival should anything happen to Solar system at large.

[@Yutani_Crayven]

@CG Breeki What's your point exactly?

[@cgbreeki849]

@playgrrrr Well... it's because some people think that we will have to go to other planets like Mars because we're ruining our own and stuff, and this speech discusses that... and also because it's awesome.

[@begur11]

​@@mihan2d FTL travel is by today's knowledge impossible for you will reach a point where you wont go faster no matter how much energy you use long before reaching lightspeed

[@kchuk1965]

@Jonathan Stiles why would Earth not be well adapted to us?

[@ItatiaiaBR]

00:00 - Intro 01:34 - I. Magnetosphere 02:40 - II. Atmosphere 04:13 - III. Hydrosphere

[@Natku-Animaku]

MMHA: Make Mars Habitable Again

[@Nimish204]

Make Mars great again

[@feynstein1004]

MaMaHA

[@RedStefan]

Make Ares Great Again! ~ There I fixed the title. 😅

[@ghosthuntergirl2048]

lmao For real though, please nobody bring that republican vs democrat crap to Mars. Leave it on Earth, find a better way.

[@ghosthuntergirl2048]

@@user-wv1in4pz2w First? That was never claimed. They'll inevitably be there though, and when they set up their colony I hope to see them drop the rancid two-party system in turn. What are you implying?

[@oofoof4875]

7:40 we should call it "the grandest canyon" cause screw arizona

[@mrboomward]

The even better canyon

[@mrboomward]

The even better canyon

[@mrboomward]

The even better canyon

[@zandaroos553]

No just take the title Grand Canyon and replace Arizona’s with “also a canyon”

[@dreysantillan]

Imagine Somewhere in the far far future "Terraforming Earth"

[@janchovanec8624]

Terra means Earth / land mass. Terraforming means making Earthlike. You can't make Earth, Earth, when it's already Earth.

[@dreysantillan]

@@janchovanec8624 okay my bad But I'm talking about making it liveable

[@vomm]

@@janchovanec8624 You really did not get it, right? He means one day we will have destroyed earth so much we will need to terraform it.

[@MrLebruleur]

I mean terraforming techs will probably first be tried in earth's deserts before sending them to other planets

[@dreysantillan]

@@vomm or an alien lifeform looking at our wasteland of a planet and wondering if we could be terraformed/livable

[@jesper2k]

Those cinematic shots are amazing!

[@faisal3398]

Your profile pic is amazing

[@S.Clause]

They should try this on the third planet from the sun.

[@NBrixH]

Omg! Yes perfect candidate!

[@NBrixH]

@@joshuakyle9494 I’m not quite sure you understood the joke, this is not serious, it’s sarcasm.

[@LynTheAce]

Tussal Squid idk I mean... I wouldn’t care if humans went extinct. Earth would be much better

[@NBrixH]

@@LynTheAce Not really, so many things depend on humans, too many people think the Earth would be better while it really wouldn’t.

[@NBrixH]

@@joshuakyle9494 That’s my point.

[@iandickerson9270]

He literally spent so long staring at the Martian map that he found valleys they haven’t even name yet

[@chadleach6009]

So it seems to me like the one big hurdle to overcome here is the construction and maintenance of dynamos to shield mars, everything else seemed to be a more or less natural process that we could potentially speed up as well. Maybe bezos and musk could work together to get this done.

[@benwest5293]

One catch is, notice how he mentioned that about half the atmosphere/carbon dioxide is locked up as dry ice? Mars has an incredibly thin atmosphere, so even if you released all the carbon dioxide on the planet you might still not have an atmosphere thick enough for humans. It's certainly a start, but we may want to supplement it. That being said, I hear we humans are pretty good at pumping carbon dioxide into the air...

[@jatzi1526]

@@benwest5293 Ive seen other videos, PBS Spacetime did one talking about this, where they crunched some numbers and decided that it likely wouldn't be possible to get the atmosphere thick enough. I think it was PBS Spacetime.

[@heliothrax7716]

@@benwest5293 Its not good enough for humans probably, but it sure enough might be good enough for the plants or smaller animals which can be used to kickstart the ecosystem on Mars.

[@_Killkor]

@@jatzi1526 It's time to call China for help

[@jatzi1526]

@@_Killkor What?

[@CesareVesdani]

I wish we could go to Mars someday and terraform it, making it habitable.

[@CoconutsWithDrag]

Thanks for the tip now let me attempt to turn my mars habitable

[@ShirtPantsGaming]

It really does make me excited the thought of mars being colonized one day

[@realyoriginalchanel3218]

Russian Mars empire hmmm...

[@zikkicharade]

Not going to happen

[@papahairy5315]

@@zikkicharade damn bro, that's crazy but I don't remember asking

[@samarkand1585]

@@papahairy5315 that kind or reply works if he was saying that to you

[@papahairy5315]

@@samarkand1585 didn't ask

[@mikip3242]

I'm sorry because this is an awesome video but this time you made some wild hypothesis here. The Mars Express image of Hebes Chasma is made in "false colors". This is not what it looks like in real life but a combination of filters of the High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) with an arbitrary color paletta that would make features of interest have a higher contrast. Thus, the green region is nothing related to life (in principle) and the blue regions are not water itself (misteriously captured just once). Nonetheless the OMEGA instrument onboard of Mars Express revealed gypsum to be present in the surface of Hebes Chasma; gypsum is a water-bearing mineral so it is easy to assume that Hebes Chasma once had water. But again you are not seeing wet lake beds here and the blue color is not what you would percieve as blue in real life. If you want to take a closer view of those apparent "water flows" you should look at HiRise images from the MRO mission on the Hebes Chasma Region: www.uahirise.org/hiwish/view/9511 For example you can see here (hirise-pds.lpl.arizona.edu/PDS/EXTRAS/RDR/ESP/ORB_045700_045799/ESP_045736_1790/ESP_045736_1790_RED.abrowse.jpg), with a resolution of 27 cm/pixel, that the feature you point out in 11:01 is considered to be just a "dark landslide on northeast flank of Hebes Mensa", dark sand (proably not making dunes there and being smooth because of the slope). Source 1: www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Hebes_Chasma_a_trough_in_the_Grand_Canyon_of_Mars Source 2: sci-hub.tw/10.1029/2018JE005658 Source 3: www.uahirise.org/ESP_045736_1790

[@Relikvien]

"The only erosion feautures I** found"?? Holy mons you actually did a lot of research for this quality video! Thank you so much!

[@DeskScientiam]

NASA: "We declare that Mars has no oil" America: *has left the chat*

[@Alice-si8uz]

Would mars have oil? Wouldn't that be a pretty good indicator of life in the past since oil is compressed organic matter?

[@DeskScientiam]

@@Alice-si8uz yes because some scientists theorize that Mars once had life, so maybe the died organic matter would have compressed to form oil

[@michael-dm2bv]

oil is not evil. It's irresponsible use is. Without oil, musk wouldn't stand a chance. But he never mentions that. i forgot the exact numbers, but to keep a tiny colony alive on mars will require 1000 re-supply missions every two years. So we rape the earth so we can keep a handful of people alive on a dead planet! 1000 spaceships every two years requires lots of OIL! But musk won't tell you that! Instead, packs of braindead morons try to convince the rest of us that musk is a genius. i don't see it. Every time i watch musk talk i question whether he got past 3rd grade. The guy who narrates this video watched too much total recall. Just like musk.

[@ivoryas1696]

@@michael-dm2bv He doesn't have to tell anyone oil is currently necessary. Anyone in the field and most people out of it can see it for themselves. And _virtually _*_everyone_* who's *anyone* in the big leagues of science knows Elon's intellect isn't rare in virtually every respect. He's just the man behind the project who's vaguely in charge of it. The point is to change how much oil we need to use to do things, and eventually bring it to zero.

[@michael-dm2bv]

@@ivoryas1696 - like the tusks of elephants?

[@alfonsoferrerad1143]

Really, i love these videos, they are AMAZING, you have such a talent to explain it in a very easy way, and also i think we dont appreciatte enough how much work you have taken to finish this awesome video, really LOVE IT. Greetings from Spain!

[@draculacat5616]

the sound design in this video completely blew me away, it helped drive the tension in your narrative and made the video so engaging, absolutely loved this video you've made

[@pratikdedhia]

Incredible view, graphic, animation etc. Excellent video trying to explain in so much of detail. Didn't even know all this names and places on Mars. Well made very informative video. Thanks a lot 👍🤘👌

[@stijner1689]

Whili I enjoy the theoretical excercise, it always surprises me how some people really think living on Mars will be a thing in the future. Just imagine how much more costly it would be to change the martian athmosphere compared to prevent the earth climate from changing so much that Mars becomes a better place to live in.

[@josephjohnson6849]

Honestly we should try the upper sky of venus. High gravity, similar air pressure and temperature to earth, less radiation than Mars and dense lower clouds make floating airships possible.

[@Comuniity_]

Even if we somehow solved the massive problems like Mars dead core for example, gravity is an issue that we won't be able to solve, Mars just has way to low of gravity for any sort of long term settlement

[@zuckuss3808]

If the U.S. discovers oil on mars the amount of money to maintain living their won't be an issue

[@MortyMortyMorty]

Love your Mars series! Can't wait for next video! Please don't be too late 😭

[@lucasvoorheis]

Wow! This was incredible. I truly appreciate the amount of effort this video must have taken to create. Great job!!

[@PremierCCGuyMMXVI]

Mars has really good potential. It’s also really good because Mars is mostly co2 so if we just thicken the atmosphere we can keep mars warm. However the only challenge with mars is core is cold so it dosent have a magnetic-sphere but hopefully we can find ways. :)

[@Wolfsins]

Nukes baby!!

[@visheshsharma93]

#nukethecore

[@benwest5293]

He addresses this pretty early on in the video. We can place a dynamo at the L1 Lagrange point between Mars and the Sun and produce an artificial magnetic field there to shield Mars. You don't necessarily need to restart Mars' own magnetic field

[@balashibuyeeter2704]

@@benwest5293 its still theoretical

[@visheshsharma93]

The problem with Venus is, it's closer to the sun. Terraforming a planet is a multi generational project (ie 100s of years if not 1000) and with each passing century sun is getting hotter so Venus will "soon" (in astronomical terms) fall off the inner edge of sun's habitable zone

[@Aquahands]

Looks like Mars doesn't have the nether which means it can't be habitable, looks like we need a portal and a ton of lava buckets.

[@thomastalabi215]

XDXDXD this is no minecraft dude XDXD

[@NotFlappy12]

I get the minecraft reference, but how does not having a nether make it uninhabitable?

[@_Killkor]

@@NotFlappy12 liquid core, creating magnetosphere. Lava (magma), like in the Nether.

[@NotFlappy12]

@@_Killkor oh... That's a dumb joke

[@_Killkor]

​@@NotFlappy12 at least there was an attempt

[@remuj6457]

I've always wondered this so thanks for making this video

[@tepidtuna7450]

One of the best insightful videos I've seen to date on this subject. Can't wait for the next one.

[@samerm8657]

A new video! [Gandalf voice] "Hope is kindled"

[@eliasniwert3680]

Looks like a lot of work for this video. Well done!

[@craigcphxaz]

This specific video with its excellent footage of Martian geography, smooth narration, and choice background music sold me on subscribing to this channel!

[@robezy0]

I'm glad you're digging deeper on this topic. The research on this one is crazy and visuals are great. Sometimes it's a little overedited though (like unnecessary effects) and the narration often sounds a little choppy

[@landonkryger]

I'm really enjoying this Mars series. Any chance at a Venus one after? I feel Mars is really recognizable, but Venus is hidden under thick clouds so I don't know much about it's geography.

[@bluebonic3497]

It doesn't have much geography. The planet is so volcanically and tectonically active that any given point on the surface is short lived and doomed to be covered by lava flows or landslides

[@landonkryger]

@@bluebonic3497 A quick google says that's false. Venus doesn't have tectonic plate. And while Earth's average surface age is 100 million years, Venus's is estimated at 300-600 million.

[@pranavkondapalli9306]

The Legend Has Returned!

[@alexullrich5694]

Fabulous video, love the attention to detail and amazing visuals!

[@ninja650rn]

Your research and editing are incredible!

[@Omar_ayach]

Do you think that all those location names will stay the same or change if we actually colonise Mars?

[@swapanzameen6302]

Change obviously

[@pbxn-3rdx-85percent]

Depends on whose the mayor.

[@justinbeath5169]

They would stay the same since there is no reason to change them

[@justinbeath5169]

@bnet sucks why would political correctness necessitate the renaming of Olympus Mons

[@MAACH02]

@@justinbeath5169 man i imagine some 2100 retarded people saying "ohh those fuckin privileged earthlings decided our city's names,thats not fair"

[@antonnym214]

I'm a researcher and my specialty is Mars. For the most part this is very good and accurate. I especially enjoyed the references to little-known features like Echus, Juventae, Welles, and Hebes. However, do a little research and you'll find photos from the ESA Mars Express orbiter of unimstakeable liquid lakes extant on Mars today; belying the party line that Mars is cold, dry and dead. (By the way, they have much better resolution and color than we ever get from NASA/JPL/MSSS). Also, I'm hoping for it to come in my lifetime, but I have yet to see any video about Mars that doesn't call it "The Red Planet". This is because of the over-hyped idea that the regolith is almost entirely iron oxide, which is ridiculous. OVERALL, the color is more like the Arizona desert. Thanks!

[@frankderks1150]

Study more, so far I see no mention of the need for nitrogen to create a stable atmosphere. Everywhere I see this sci-fi nonsense about 'terraforming' mentioned there is crickets about the vast amounts nitrogen needed.

[@antonnym214]

@@frankderks1150 i gave you a thumbs up. there is nitrogen. 2.7% and the Argon is a noble gas at 1.6% but you make a good point about Nitrogen. I'm interested in seeing what they come up with.

[@fraser2895]

You never seem to disappoint with these videos, keep up the good work

[@arnau9638]

Great as always!

[@despro_]

I’ve played TerraGenesis so I can do this shit in my sleep

[@barackobama6858]

Step one: actually get there in the first place

[@jeradmorgan5156]

You make such great content. I dont mind waiting for a new one at all.

[@CosmicApiary]

what a fantastic video! I can't wait for the next one!!

[@ArtScienceWonder]

I'm a big fan of introducing lichen as soon as possible to the surface of Mars.

[@Marjannuel]

Starting from zero huh... It's cool. I wanna se dinosaurs again

[@hosmerhomeboy]

i am lichen that plan.

[@ArtScienceWonder]

@@hosmerhomeboy roFL 🤣 😂 😆

[@daos3300]

KSR

[@vakusdrake3224]

This video has a number of issues stemming from the assumption that enough ice and frozen gas remains on Mars to make terraforming possible. The issues are gone into in great depth in this video describing an actual in depth terraforming procedure: kzbin.info/www/bejne/iJS7c6iPrNJmrs0 Essentially though you can't terraform Mars without importing massive amounts of water as well as nitrogen and oxygen (potentially as co2 from Venus) from elsewhere. This is because most of the water and co2 that Mars used to have has been lost to the solar wind over time. Ultimately not enough co2 actually remains to create an atmosphere that would make liquid water possible. Mars also has weaker gravity than Earth, which means it actually needs a much thicker atmosphere to produce the same Earth-like atmospheric pressure.

[@Tuupertunut]

Yeah it's a bit strange that he doesn't talk about the problems of terraforming at all.

[@strategicthinker8899]

Please just stop. Mars has permafrost all over. Research evidence by landers, rovers and martian meteorites. Some people really want to make things as difficult as they can, don't they, like Isaac Arthur you linked to - who makes SCI-FI fantasy videos not factual, realistic videos. I'm baffled you can't tell the difference.

[@vakusdrake3224]

@@strategicthinker8899 Firstly you don't address the lack of enough frozen gasses which is the bigger problem here. Secondly just because there's plenty of permafrost doesn't mean there's *enough* to support a whole hydrosphere with large above ground bodies of water. Maybe you should watch the video I linked because it actually runs the numbers rather than just going off of intuition.

[@ryanhassett3733]

For liquid water to exist 12 millibars of pressure is needed. Mars atmosphere is currently 6 millibars but in some really deep caverns on mars pressure reaches 12 millibars which indicates that even on present day mars liquid water on the Martian surface is possible. So creating enough atmosphere for liquid water on the surface of mars is possible considering the amount of dry ice at the Martian south pole

[@Comuniity_]

@@ryanhassett3733 even if we solve the water problem there's also the lack of a magnetic field and a dead core, which doesn't even seem possible to fix, and the even bigger problem we won't be able to fix (except through maybe genetic engineering) gravity, Mars gravity is way to low to have any long term settlements

[@laxpors]

Great visuals for this video! Really helped illustrate the steps!

[@corsaircaruso471]

I love your mars videos. Thank you for sharing your expertise.

[@Metroyeti17]

Newest data suggests that liquid water actually never existed on Mars' surface, and that the planet was once an ice ball planet.

[@jordanknight336]

source?

[@jordanknight336]

@@Momo-idky Very interesting, thanks. So it was likely not flowing water but glaciers that created these erosion marks, though the general shape that water would take if Mars were heated up remains the same.

[@5000mahmud]

G so how did it lose its ice?

[@topiheimola69]

Partypooper

[@nathanblack4103]

8:57, *cavities in Mars

[@LittlieGamingItaly]

Always awaiting your videos

[@basketballbrian]

Your videos are always amazing my friend. Love it as usual. Such high quality stuff, PBS needs to sign you lol

[@appleslover]

First step: Go to mars Alternative: Don't ruin Earth

[@ashj_2088]

Yep , I hate to say it but if c19 knocked off 93 % of the planets population it would be perfect.

[@dajjukunrama5695]

Ash j ebola* . also: HOW DARE YOU? 😉 /sarcasm /joke /I like your thinking

[@ladofthedamned7796]

@@dajjukunrama5695 what did the internet do to you that you have to make people understand that its sarcasm

[@raifikarj6698]

@@ashj_2088 C19 what is that ?

[@Borep_Yano]

@@raifikarj6698 covid19

[@anguscovoflyer95]

Fully terraforming mars would take centuries!

[@pasoundman]

in view of the fact that any method of terraforming is unknown to humanity, you can decide for yourself how long it might take but if terraforming were possible then it would likely take a very very long while.

[@srennielsen680]

I think it would take lots of thousands years.

[@marianconstantindumitriu6062]

So did building the USA...

[@francescoresente6913]

Let's get started, then

[@pasoundman]

@@marianconstantindumitriu6062 Only qa few hundred years for the USA.

[@kna993]

What a great video. Good work man you're getting really good at this

[@tilershoe2136]

I didn't get a notification for this video. Glad I found it! Great video!

[@Jenkowelten]

Mars? More like Aires amirite

[@ladofthedamned7796]

You know where the door is

[@Jenkowelten]

@@ladofthedamned7796 I have multiple doors in my house

[@Knifeys]

it stopped when I wanted to know about the biology part :(

[@ArthurHuizar]

Can't wait for the next episode. Great work. 🙏

[@ARandomDonut]

I'm loving the content right now. High quality, few and far between. Exactly how to do KZbin in 2020.

[@pollutingpenguin2146]

You have one of the best voices on youtube.

[@HopeRock425]

I bet everyone is here for the nerdiness, because we are all curious about stuff we probably have no use in knowing.

[@HarryGuit]

Hope Rock Nope. I am here to glg over nerdism

[@psychotic2563]

Appreciate the work my dude, keep it up ✌🙏

[@deenrqqwe6794]

I remember when your channel was small and now look at you! So proud of you 👍

[@Requiemrexx]

Well that was amazing. It'll probably take, at minimum, a few millennium to do. But damn do I want civilization to exist on Mars. It would be so cool.

[@Comuniity_]

That's pretty optimistic considering most professionals that study Mars say terraforming Mars is pure science fiction, some things just aren't possible. In all honesty Venus' atmosphere would be the best bet for colonization because you don't have to worry about one of the biggest problems with the idea of Mars colonization, the gravity being so low. Humans are evolved for the incredibly specific conditions on Earth, and even then we can only go about 5 miles up and about 7 down before we would die from lack of oxygen, high pressure or heat.

[@Jenkowelten]

I was on timeout on the stream near the end

[@elcotera8042]

The quality here is beyond amazing, keep it up man

[@matthewtomlinson8490]

This was the best video I’ve seen on this, do a video on introducing biology next. Keep it up 👍

[@bergonius]

Oh my god, we need to go to Mars NOW

[@pbxn-3rdx-85percent]

Yes, Better yet, why don't you all go. Grab the oppurtunity. Mars is great. Mars is awesome. I'm stayin here to watch the earth for you hehehe.

[@mattychaz4223]

It’s so sad how I’ll never see this in my lifetime. I’m 19 if anyone’s wondering.

[@jonathanwilliams1065]

Musk said he wants 1 million people on Mars by 2050

[@unfftfdrg5bubfgtttczv184]

@@jonathanwilliams1065 Musk is smoking that good shit.

[@DerekHartley]

@@unfftfdrg5bubfgtttczv184 No, he's just about the only person that could possibly pull it off.

[@aespa690]

No, no one is wondering

[@PhysicsPolice]

Awesome graphics! Love the video. Hope to see one about doing same on Moon in the future.

[@mrapistevist]

Great video, thanks.

[@y09i_]

I think we are going to become cyborgs and will be able to live in space, inside artificial space stations, long before terraforming a whole planet to another earth.

[@speedy01247]

we are probably gonna be dead, if humanity gets past its present issues someone in the future will potentially reach that level.

[@srennielsen680]

Maybe

[@topiheimola69]

Yeah turning a whole planet seems a bit far fetched tbh. Can someone remind me; why do we have to leave in the first place? Maybe just... idk, not start a nuclear war and destroy the planet? It’s going to get warmer on Earth wheather humans are here to accelerate it or not.

[@Rishi123456789]

Even if Mars isn't made habitable, just take me there now. Done with this damn planet. 😌

[@pbxn-3rdx-85percent]

Happy to oblige.

[@Epsilonsama]

Go to Antartica, it's the closest thing to Mars on this planet. It's cold, frigid and dry, just like the Martians like it.

Wow, amazing realization! 🙌

[@quantumshenanigans]

Apart from how great the video is in general, I love love love the background music on this. Adds a great sense of ethereal atmosphere without being overpowering (cue war flashbacks to the azola video).

[@zigmeisterful]

I found the background music was ok. He seriously needs to adjust his levels as there are times where you can barely here his own voice over the music.

[@SangoProductions213]

Best way to make mars habitable? Scraping off the top layer of crust, and turning it into a space habitat. Then scraping off the new top layer and doing the same. And again. And again. And again. By the end of it, you'll have several million earths worth of living area, all perfectly tailored to human specification. Even to the ends of being giant multi-earth-sized zoos and ecosystems.

[@srennielsen680]

Interesting idea.

[@galerip]

If we could put some giant lightning rods that goes into the planets core and then create a molten center again. It should work to make a magnetosphere, and all the drilling that need to be done would generate pollution that would trap the suns heat. Thereby heating it both from within and from the outside.

[@riyasatmushfiqrahman3240]

If we did make an artificial magnetism it would make an atmosphere, therefore making the planet able to trap the suns heat,that would instantly trigger a chain reaction event with the core of the planet starting to melt and ice becoming water on the surface etc.

[@youxkio]

Nice video, very informative.

[@13Rossoneri]

Great video!

[@jshen12147]

Give this man NASA science team, Bezos' bank account, and Musks' technology and we're pretty much set

[@oktilian1873]

Or, insted of trying to reach Mars, you coud aim for the Moon

[@balashibuyeeter2704]

mars is more habitable than moon. moon is literally just a big rock. mars has atmosphere, soil, ice and stuff

[@oktilian1873]

@@balashibuyeeter2704 but who says that se have to terraform the Moon? Build a base there, mine a bit, and send stuff to Mars

[@paddlesaddlelad1881]

we can't go Mars immediately. maybe the moon will be used as some kind of port.

[@balashibuyeeter2704]

@@oktilian1873 made sense. thought you were talking about terraforming moon

[@balashibuyeeter2704]

@@oktilian1873 made sense. thought you were talking about terraforming moon

[@OliSW]

dude this video might be one of the most entertaining space videos ive ever seen. ive watched this whole thing like 3-5 times now

[@quintusantell2912]

Love all of it!

[@cardoso1313]

This video video was made in collaboration with Elon Musk

[@ladofthedamned7796]

Maybe not only elon musk but other companies too

[@TheToso86]

Nah, Elon's steps would have been: 1. Nuke Mars 2. Success

[@ladofthedamned7796]

@@TheToso86 radiation

[@pranavkondapalli9306]

@@ladofthedamned7796 no one is denying it

[@dazza2350]

Ew no thanks

[@FruitingPlanet]

The magnetosphere problem is a myth, at least on human timescales, we do not need to give mars a manetosphere as long as we dont live for hundreds of millions of years.

[@death_parade]

What makes you believe that we would not want to live for hundreds of millions of years.

[@FruitingPlanet]

@@death_parade With our current technology trying to take care of more then a few millenia ahead, is idiotic and a waste of resources.

[@strategicthinker8899]

Yp. Very true. At least one commenter here is woke and not regurgitating old science from the 1980s. Congrats.

[@therealspeedwagon1451]

It can still be a problem because there can still be radiation and the atmosphere could be stripped much faster than that. We should do the L1 magnetic field thing or place ultra powerful magnets at the poles

[@FruitingPlanet]

@@therealspeedwagon1451 How exactly do you belive it could be gone in a short amount of time, when we know for a fact that it took hundres of millions of years with similar conditions to deplete it in the first place, this makes no sense only a very close/powerful gamma-ray burst or close super nova could do that. The reason for a magnetosphere sattelite would be to provide some shielding while we create the atmosphere, not to prevent its errosion.

[@dinamosflams]

The production levels of my favorite KZbinrs are so high rn

[@arevolvingdoor3836]

Atlas Pro videos definitely helped fo my AP environments science class

[@ashmirsmith6890]

It's sad Mars lost most of its water when its magnetic field "Disapeared". Sadly even if we could create a new magnetosphere, the geological activity that Mars still presents is unlikely to create an atmosphere with the rigth pressure to allow liquid water to flow. We could however direct icy meteorites to the planet therefor warming it and releacing both water and some gases

[@balashibuyeeter2704]

the answer is nukes lol

[@sapereaudediogenes7282]

I realy dont get all of that Mars hype. Even if we use all these resources and more to terra form completely, mars will still not be an an atonamasly functioning Planet. Because of gravaty. The only way to change the gravaty on mars is 1. Add more mass or 2. Live in in rotating weel like citys. What is frankly speaking crazy. You can live on mars under the earth like a caveman and mine minarels and that's fine it will be profitable but only outposts are possible as a person cannot live their intire live with dutch low gravity and nobody wants it. As that brings health problems with it like heartfailior, blindness, savere osteoporosis ect. You also shouldn't get pregnant as that could kill the mother and the kid. We should not spend resources on something that is not possible anyway. If we terra form anything in the solar system then that should be venus as that is the only planet that is as big our planet and thus would have the same Gravaty if terra formed.

[@chadleach6009]

Did you watch the video?

[@sapereaudediogenes7282]

@@chadleach6009 yes and he didn't sad one word about Gravaty.

[@chadleach6009]

@@sapereaudediogenes7282 what's the problem with gravity? It might not be ideal for human development but we certainly can survive there.

[@1001111001]

Yeah how about we save our own planet first

[@realyoriginalchanel3218]

Why need earth when you can have Mars imperialism

[@therealspeedwagon1451]

@@realyoriginalchanel3218 why have Martian imperialism when you can have galactic imperialism

[@therealspeedwagon1451]

How about not storing our eggs in one basket, that’s the real problem, why not have a backup when things get out of hand, whether that’s climate change or a virus or nuclear war, anything

[@aespa690]

Our own planet is fine. Stop buying the lies of corrupt politicians and activists who have made billions profiting off the global warming hysteria

[@therealspeedwagon1451]

@@aespa690 it is not. Climate change is real and it’s going at a much faster pass than it normally does. We should be worried and we should stop it but that doesn’t mean we can do other things while we stop it

[@BroBurg445]

really upping your game on the vids lately

[@shamirarshad1867]

Atlas Pro I love your channel. your doing a great job man. educating people for free and that is work that is honourable.