Let's Look at Every 1-Star Genesis Game

[@JohnRiggs]

Every 1-Star NES Game - kzbin.info/www/bejne/mHucZWCqf9aUisk

[@triplestar100]

thanks for taking my suggestion and getting it done, Mr. Riggs; much appreciated! would've liked to have seen "Heavy Nova", "Strider Returns: Journey From Darkness", "Time Killers" and the abomination that was "Awesome Possum Kicks Dr. Machino's Butt!" along with all these stinkers, but the ones that were listed ARE worthy of their anti-grade as well, no arguing that; LOL!

[@StallingsFilm]

“10’s, 10’s, 10’s across the board!” You a Drag Race fan too???

[@snoofer123]

“I’m watching those spikes go right up her PUGGSY is a great game” I spit my drink out lol that caught me off guard

[@GuitarGuts]

That made me laugh out loud!

[@Seantendo]

That killed me. So unexpected.

[@iamthebiggs252]

I reacted similar. Riggs almost owes me a new monitor for that one.

[@coreeeey420]

Grab her by the Puggsy!

[@folnevar]

Fantastic editing!

[@RK-rf8rc]

That transition to Puggsy was world class

[@TheGeordieTiger]

I spat my drink out! I wasn't expecting our wholesome Riggs to Segway like that!

[@danielblodgett1]

It's like, Puggsy in your face!

[@snoozy04]

4:14 nice transition

[@dogeymon83]

We played Fantasia as kids and we loved playing it all the time. I didn’t realize we were supposed to hate it.

[@JohnRiggs]

If you love it, that's wonderful! I still play Great Waldo Search sometimes.

[@gussybobbler3676]

He’s not telling you to hate it. These are his personal opinions you wet wipe

[@timpize8733]

It had qualities but was still very clunky and its level design was pretty bad. I played it as a kid too and I immediately realized that. Compare it with Castle of Illusion or Mickey Mania for instance. 😵‍💫

[@timcombs2730]

It wasn’t “great” but it was fine when I was a kid. Just a diluted Castle of Illusion

[@fantasticdavidson1179]

I liked fantasia had it as a kid I finally beat it like when I was 16 lol took a long time that dam last level was tough as a kid

[@icecold337]

4:15-4:22…one of the greatest segues (if not the greatest) in video game ranking history. 😂

[@NickEnlowe]

In Stormlord, you're supposed to find the key to go through that door IIRC. Maybe a bunch of dunces are giving it 1-star because they can't figure out the basic gameplay mechanics and can't be bothered to read the manual. Ex-Mutants wasn't bad, especially considering it was based on a black+white indie comic. Give Batman Forever a try on SNES. It's a marked improvement. Yes, there's loading screens but they don't take long. It's actually pretty good once you figure out how to use the grappling hook, and I unironically enjoy the game.

[@Bird_Dog2099]

Exactly! Ex-Mutants if u give it a chance is actually a pretty good game! Not for everybody of course, but if u like platforming hack n slash it is solid.

[@danielglatz1643]

I used to play ex mutants as a kid! And I’ve been trying so hard to figure out what it was called. I couldn’t for the life of me remember. I just remember the guy with the axe. So happy you mentioned it here.

[@magpie4043]

I always liked it, I beat it more recently and my ony complaint is that its very short

[@solidbanjobanjo9367]

Nice to see pugsy getting some love!

[@richardjenkins128]

1:00am in Australia and a Riggs video drops. No sleep for now

[@whyareyoureadingmynickname8158]

I remember being very determined to beat "Fantasia" after I found about it couple of years ago, mostly because I wanted to see how will the final fight with the Devil look like. So, after 4 hours of abusing myself and savestates, I finally made it to the end only to find out there is no final boss and the game just ends with Mickey and conductor handshaking. To say that I was extremely disappointed would be an understatement. Subscribed, BTW.

[@bigjohnsbreakfastlog5819]

I think everyone who got that wanted to get to Night on Bald Mountain and face Chernabog and was disappointed with the non ending.

[@goranisacson2502]

Your sacrifice of time and patiencw can, hopefully, lead to someone else who thought of playing Fantasia but comes across this comment, deciding not to do that. Hopefully, it was not in vain.

[@jonothanthrace1530]

I remember renting the SNES version of that T2 game back in high school. I didn't really play it but my friend did, and the most fun thing in it was jumping around while going "la la la la!" like Pee Wee Herman.

[@krisfrederick5001]

Alright, I'll point out the possum in the room..."Awesome Possum Kicks Dr. Machino's Butt" was the poor kids Sonic. They had a message, it was just...yeah.

[@TellYouHwaet]

I like Ex-Mutants all right. It's not the best but it's playable. I like off brand 90s comics so it works for me.

[@thecatillaccat]

Owned it as a kid, and it grew on me. Back then you adjusted to the crap factor and just made it work. No other choice!

[@dejatwixt9214]

Dark Castle was a PC game. It came out in 1986. I remember having it. It was just black and white.

[@bulbx1273]

And it is a good game, if you like it. It's not an action game, that's why everybody thinks is bad.

[@picc9000]

Yes, it was a Mac game, you were meant to aim with the mouse

[@mistertagomago7974]

@@bulbx1273 I think it because the genesis port is just bad.

[@dschult3]

I'm looking forward to your 5 star game video for the CD-i.

[@KaskelotenZebbe]

Art Alive wasn't an answer to Mario Paint, it was released a year earlier than the Super Nintendo game.

[@FlyingDuckMan360]

One thing regarding Art Alive!, it actually predated Mario Paint. Art Alive! came out in 1991, while Mario Paint came out in 1992. If anything, Mario Paint was inspired by Art Alive!, rather than the other way around. Sega had another game with a similar concept to Mario Paint in 1994, Wacky Worlds Creativity Studio, which was part of their "Sega Club" line of games aimed at children under twelve, and it came with the Genesis Mouse.

[@JohnRiggs]

you're probably right.

[@Vectormantudeoz]

Art Alive was created years BEFORE Mario Paint

[@Bjornographic]

That segue into Puggsy made me LOL

[@PositiveBrothaHakeem]

I recall X-Perts being very hyped in the game magazines of the day, mainly because its pre-rendered graphics were supposed to be Sega's answer to Rare/Nintendo's Donkey Kong Country *laughs yeah, right. And to a lesser extent, I still believe X-Perts' main character, Shadow Yamamoto from the Eternal Champions series, was supposed to be Sega's answer to B.Orchid from Killer Instinct (another popular Rare/Nintendo release of the time) and Kitana & Mileena from Mortal Kombat 2, even though Shadow was created first.

[@retrojoe85]

I own two versions of "Fighting Masters", the american one (with some collector's cards) and the japanese one. That's a game I like for what it is: a pre-Street Fighter one-on-one fighting game, so the inspiration came from wrestling games, rather than Street Fighter. I like also the game logo and the characters, heavily inspired by Masters of the Universe. The real problem of Fighting Masters is the cheap difficulty and the bad AI, and that's enough for a lot of people to throw the controller on the floor until you smash it into pieces! I perfectly agree with that. But it's not as bad as many people use to talk. Another bad one for a lot of people is Hard Drivin'...and it's not as bad as you may think: yeah it's slow, but it's fun when you realize how to drive the car...at least for me. Stormlord...yeah, I'm currently playing the Commodore version featured on the C64 Collection for Evercade: maaaan, it's bad. It's stupidly difficult, at the point that it becomes unmanageable very quickly. I saw the Genesis version in the past, but I've never played it...if it's bad as the C64 version, I bet it sucks even without need to playing it!

[@Kevinsyel]

I liked Ex-Mutants well enough as a kid! I literally just popped it on last night and FINALLY beat it! And I used to play Dark Castle on my old Epson Apex 100 dos machine back in the 80's...

[@MotherKojiro]

Batman Forever was just about the predecessor to Mortal Kombat Mythologies: Sub-Zero, when you think about it. As for 5-Star Genesis games, I've got a bunch: Arcus Odyssey, Beyond Oasis, Contra: Hard Corps, Crusader of Centy, Exile, Gunstar Heroes, Ristar, Road Rash 2, (do I even need to mention Sonic?), Streets of Rage 3 (IT HAS A BOXING KANGAROO!), Valis, Valis 3, and X-Men 2: The Clone Wars.

[@The_Badseed]

In the start of Stormlord you need to go left over the fairy in the cauldron and in a bit you will see a key. Pick that up and use it to open the door to the right

[@windbornideas1457]

A five start Genesis game, for me at least, was Landstalker. I freaken loved that game. I never beat it until I revisited it years later but I always had fun with it.

[@TheMightyOmega-NotTheAlpha]

I got Landstalker new back in The Day, and I got frustrated with it and I stuck it away. This past summer, I dug it out and spent about a week straight and finally beat it. It was so satisfying to beat that game after 25+ of owning it (damn, 1993 release? Almost 30 years? No no no can’t be). And then I put it back in my Genesis game box, there to remain another 30 years. Such a great game, but the jumps were so frustrating! But it was so compelling that I wanted to beat it.

[@winns35]

The pugsy joke made me lol for real.

[@bigjohnsbreakfastlog5819]

Slaughter Sport started out on DOS as Tongue of the Fatman, and was also released as Mondu's Fight Palace (Mondu's the name of the fat guy who welcomed you in the intro).

[@Tragedy01xx]

You hate my childhood lol. I loved that batman game as well as pitfall. I really never knew they were bad games.. so now I'm binge watching all your videos to see how many bad games I've played. Also I learn about many games I didn't know exist from you! Love your list!!

[@AnriDarkmoor]

I remember playing some of these on Sega Channel I think. I could be wrong but I'm pretty sure I remember a good few of these on there like Art Alive, Stormlord, Ballz and Ex Mutants. I unfortunately owned Dark Castle at one point, never could beat it.

[@timmyt.6796]

Dark Castle was the first game I played on our mac. It really looks like you need a mouse to aim. I remember really enjoying it, now I have to try it on Genesis.

[@turboshazed7370]

It's horrendous.

[@timmyt.6796]

@@turboshazed7370 oh my god, I tried it last night. I have never been so disappointed, the original game was amazing, this was unplayable. It really is crazy how you could screw a game up so bad. I was actually upset.

[@geoffkemp7]

Toe jam and Earl better be in that 5 star.

[@jordancombs345]

Right up her…..Puggsy is a great game. Excellent editing, Mr. Riggs🤣

[@rjcolombe]

Remember, for every one of these releases, there was a QA department that signed off on the final product here 👌

[@trevnerdhubbabubba6230]

What happened to the, "How you feelin' you got John Riggs here!" That made it for me. Very personable and made me feel like watching more.

[@Metal-Josh]

“Hey it’s me!” You’re a funny guy John!

[@JohnPannozzi]

I'd argue that Wacky Worlds is moreso Sega's answer to Mario Paint than Art Alive. Considering that Art Alive actually predates Mario Paint.

[@CapnRetro]

I have Batman Forever on SNES, and I love it.😊 The art style, the co-op, the gadget choosing at the start of a game, the exploration.. The gameplay was solid for me. Good memories. Nice Puggsy transition 🤣👍🏻

[@ekdavey]

My favorite videos of yours so far have been the one-star lineups. Like yeah, of course I've played all of the hits, so it's cool to see the other console games that didn't make it.

[@Shuukuriimudaisuki-sama]

Anyone else notice that Arnold in T2 looks a lot like Hank Hill in a leather jacket? "Got dangit, ya hooligans, I'm gonna kick your ass!"

[@thugzman7890]

“I watching the spikes go Right up her….Pusgy is a game..” hahaha I see what you did there lol

[@DarkPuIse]

I loved the hell out of Ballz. There's actually a lot of neat things in there a lot of people don't know about - there's "fatalities" (keep tapping up at the enemy having three balls or less near them), you can beg for mercy which will restore your health when YOU are at three balls or less (keep tapping down), you can mess with their shattered remains (keep tapping A once you've won the match), every character can morph into every other character with the right button combination, if you beat the game you can play as boss characters... It's definitely not deserving of a one-star rating in my book. Is it gonna knock off Street Fighter II, or hell, even the Genesis ports of stuff like Art of Fighting? Probably not. But would I play it over, say, Double Dragon V? You bet your ass I would, any day of the week. How THAT game didn't make the list, I have no idea.

[@ARCWuLF]

At one point I owned a port of "Onslaught" (which I think was originally an Amiga game) on Xbox 360, and I did eventually know how to play it; once I figured it out I found it actually VERY strategic and rewarding, but getting to that point wasn't easy, and as I haven't played it in over a decade I couldn't tell you how it works anymore.

[@mistertagomago7974]

Maybe the Amiga port is better.

[@wordsovsean8905]

I really like Ex-Mutants and still own a copy. I've completed it multiple times. It's not breaking any new ground but I like that it plays very much under control and doesn't just constantly throw a bunch of enemies at you. The difficulty is nicely balanced. It's a 4 star game for me, but I am partial to action platformers. Nice video anyway and keep them coming.

[@Jon7763]

hey.... I loved that T2 game

[@RufusTheRed]

best cut to pugsy ever lol im deceased, great video man.

[@samusvikerness661]

You go back to Dark Castle on Genesis from time to time? Did you really just admit that online? lmao

[@dejatwixt9214]

It originally came out on PC in 1986

[@JohnRiggs]

haha, yeah, just to see.

[@zusk8556]

I don't mind Dark Castle on Genesis. It's one of the few games on the console that feels and plays like a primitive computer game, and I like that. There are far worse games for the system imo.

[@bigjohnsbreakfastlog5819]

NEE NEE NEE NEE!

[@hicknopunk]

Play it on a Mac! Dark Castle was a system seller. You need a mouse to play.

[@Bloody-Butterfly]

Batman Forever has a hidden vs. mode that is pretty fun. You get to pick all the enemies.

[@kenterminateddq5311]

Did it felt like Mortal Kombat: Gotham City Edition?

[@Bloody-Butterfly]

@@kenterminateddq5311 Yes.

[@kevinerosa]

Me and my buddy will pick the clown. You can throw a hole on the floor and the opponent falls through it.

[@Bloody-Butterfly]

@@kevinerosa I remember that!

[@brandonjerome2477]

I have batman forever, how do I do that

[@kenterminateddq5311]

0:31 Correct me if I'm wrong, Riggs, but I think Slaughter Sport is the only fighting game where you can put spikes above your opponent's head. It might make you look overpowered but it's still really cool.

[@JohnRiggs]

As far as I know.

[@kenterminateddq5311]

@@JohnRiggs I wonder why my Wild Guns comment didn't get a favorite?

[@scottbakanumba1heathen313]

The shark in Slaughter Sport was amusing.

[@ZakkHung]

My personal 5 star Genesis games: Revenge of Shinobi, Sonic 2, Burning Force, MUSHA, Ghouls N Ghosts, Wings of Wor, Shinobi III, Strider, Castle of Illusion, Lakers vs Celtics, Ecco 2, Mortal Kombat.

[@waltsoph3]

@ 5:27 AH! I see you mentioned this game. lol To paraphrase what I said on another YT channel that covered this game: Holy cow! I didn't know Jean-Claude Van Damme from Street Fighter the Movie was in this game! 😯 "Quick change the channel!" lol thanks for the video JohnRiggs.

[@johnnygregg1550]

John ur hilarious! I love the segway from Sword of Sodan to Puggsy Lol "Watching the spikes go right up her...PUGGSY!"😆😆😆

[@theconsolekiller7113]

Great video. As mentioned Ka-Ge-Ki would be a good 1 star candidate and theres definately some others. Some of my favorite Genesis games arent top tier in the gameplay department so it can be deceptive to rate things like that. Some of my favorites would be: Sonic 2 Gunstar Heroes Splatterhouse 2 Shinobi 3 Rocket Knight Adventures Ghouls N Ghosts

[@goranisacson2502]

Upvotes for Rocket Knight Adventures- every SEGA fan knows how good the Treasure titles were by now, but there's not as much love going around for one of Konami's finest. Oh, of they'd only be as good at re-releasing older 16-bit games as SEGA...

[@theconsolekiller7113]

@@goranisacson2502 Yea. I played through Rocket Knight more recently on emulation and it wouldve been a top game for me if I owned it back then.

[@r.a.w.talentart]

Looking forward to seeing you at the O.L.L. the in Norwich. I'll have a stall there. All the best

[@JohnRiggs]

Can't wait!

[@Dac_vak]

These videos are great, and I’m going to keep watching them. However, I think they’d greatly benefit from a written script beforehand. I think that would really help elevate the content to the next level. Keep up the good work!

[@MrZapamaster]

Lol I own batman forever for Sega in box with the manual from my childhood. My brother and I played it all the time, we loved it.

[@rubenmejia4881]

Out of that list T2 happens to be one of my favorites and I would say it can get very challenging after the mall scene. I would plays this for hours end.

[@freddiejohnson6137]

I remember Batman Forever getting some pretty decent reviews in magazines here in the UK at the time both this version and the SNES. Obviously a lot of magazines at the time would give high scores for certain games if they received a certain amount for ad revenue and going back it really did happen more and more with licensed games. The official Nintendo magazine here in the UK was pretty bad for it as was the official Sega one around the time of the Saturn's launch but it was so easy to get away with it then because you couldn't question the integrity of the reviews online.

[@timcombs2730]

I had that game cause it was cheap. It really does suck. It actually made me glad to see it on the list

[@steveb7932]

glad you enjoyed the fight night games, loved that series

[@SuperHns]

loving these 1/5 star vids mate!

[@lupinzar]

The US box art for Stormlord was awesome enough that I bought a used copy when the Genesis was still active. Was so disappointed when I got it home and played it. IIRC it was one of those games that jumped from UK micros to console, so I'm sure someone remembers it more fondly than I do.

[@robsmall6466]

There were two games in the series. Stormlord and Deliverance. I played both on the 8bit Amstrad CPC. Good but hard games

[@OperationPhantom]

A fun Where's Waldo type game done right is "Hidden Folks".

[@RetroFred]

"I'm watching those spikes go right up her Puggsy is a great game." 😂

[@Awprod2000]

WOW, Onslaught looks completely different than the Amiga version I had! Different title screen to, with a band of black knights agaist an orange sunset, it was even printed on a t-shirt that came with the box. One of the few boxes I ever owned

[@SteveBrandon]

I remember Fighting Masters being cheesy fun with a good variety of different species to fight as (even if they mostly play quite similar) and, for an early Mega Drive/Genesis one-on-one fighting game from before they started making larger cartridges for arcade ports like Street Fighter II and Mortal Kombat, it's not terrible. It's not great but not terrible. I enjoyed the first three worlds (with multiple subl-evels, some of which were optional) of Fantasia despite the jankiness and GEMS--ified versions of orchestral music, but I never got past the first sub-stage of the final level, "Night on Bald Mountain", which threw whatever minimal balance there was in the game out of the window completely.

[@lwbga666]

I can see where these games suck now, but man in 5th grade, at 10 in 90/91, a new friend had a PC and Genesis and his brother who was friends with Trent Reznor brought us back sodan, slaughter, darkseed, stormlord, technocop and some other stuff we probably shouldn't have had... But man, those games were nothing but nostalgia now for me. It was like nothing we saw before on NES. And when you were that young back in those times, they weren't bad, they were a challenge, a Friday night. And they will always be awesome to some of us out there. Yes, to play them now is rough for people, but back in the day when there wasn't a lot else yet for Genesis, they were the reasons why you wanted one!

[@d.j.daugherty4945]

very cool. Is there a book etc. Where you were able to see 1 star ratings? or just went off of your own opinion?

[@JohnRiggs]

It was mostly from me scouring boards of people talking about the worst Genesis games. Fantasia was the one I added for myself.

[@francescosmith7859]

5 star Genesis games, hmmm... I'm a big Genesis fan so this list won't be short and here it goes. Gun Star Heroes, Beyond Oasis, Streets of Rage 2, Castlevania Bloodlines, Ghouls and Ghosts, Thunder Force 3 and 4, Earthworm Jim, Aladdin, Alien Storm, Adventures of Batman and Robin, Sonic 2 and 3, TMNT Hyperstone Heist, Contra Hard Corps, Phantasy Star IV, Panorama Cotton, Elemental Master, Jungle Strike, Shinobi 3, Vectorman, Monster World IV, Crusader of Centy, Battlemania 2, Bare Knuckle 3, Twinkle Tale and Mega Turrican (and I'll include Xeno Crisis and Demons of Asteborg if we're allowed to include modern games), phew that was quite a list

[@lyrand6408]

I... actually like Stormlord. But, like you, never quite played beyond the first level. However, there's something about it that brings me back to it every now and then. But then there's something about it that makes me quit again about 10 mins later. Weird game. But I like it.

[@MrCalverino]

I love Batman Forever on the SNES no lie

[@BB-te8tc]

The only fun in Slaughter Sport is putting in the cheat code to play as Mondu and just spamming the instant death squish move.

[@Dxtuned]

Broooo Watching those spikes go where lol

[@TerriblyAwesomeGames]

I like Ex-Mutants! But I also bought it for like $6.

[@DaveControlLive]

4:21 That transition, tho

[@jazzygeofferz]

5 star Megadrive games? Off the top of my head Sonic 3 & Knuckles, Streets Of Rage 2, Aladdin, Castle Of Illusion, and Ghouls & Ghosts. Maybe Virtua Racing?

[@watson3047z]

I remember playing dark Castle on my cousin's macintosh. It's a cool game but the controls are very precise and deliberate.

[@residentevilclone]

Genesis was so fascinating. 16 bit gaming as a whole was, but mostly Genesis. The multi-plat games were always different in the most bizarre ways. Pardon me for the hate- but the difference between a 5 star and a 1 star game was also a way finer line than it is now.

[@allergic2life]

Lol the puggsy caught me off guard 😂

[@magnusdiridian]

I had fighting masters. I'd always play with the cyclops dude, he seemed to have more reach than the others, since you stun and throw all the time, heh

[@mistertagomago7974]

5 star Genesis games would include Gunstar heroes, Dynamite Headdy, Alien Soldier, Revenge of Shinobi, Herzog Zwei, Star Cruiser, Rocket Knight, Shining Force 2, and Ristar imo.

[@paulwestphal7336]

Nice transition from Sodan to Puggsy 🤣

[@kmaru80]

Surprised to see Budokhan on there. I loved that one

[@brianhatcher2799]

Come on, man!! I thought the movie Batman Forever was great!! Certainly not as good as the Tim Burton ones or the Dark Knight ones but I still thought it was very good. Loved the campy and over-the-top villains and the memory sequence when he was falling as a kid and the soundtrack. Good video, though Mr. Riggs! You’re the bomb!!😎

[@KXPriestess]

Kid Chamelon is a 5 Star Game! Show Kid Chameleon some love...the most underrated Genesis game!

[@crypto1upteam750]

Damn this man goes right in the video, subscribed.

[@naturekid1335]

Tongue of the fatman was great on PC. Plus the box art was awesome

[@Maxwe11Z]

Why Batman Forever got 1 star is beyond me. I used to enjoy it quite a bit! Still play it from time to time.

[@pferreira1983]

I agree. It's very underrated.

[@matrixguardian4539]

You forgot about that Hide and Seek game. I’m not going to say who the character is you play as (as thinking about it makes me shudder) but y’all probably know who that purple nightmare is.

[@nickbuchanan1463]

Open a Rainier Beer, leave it out for a week, add a cigarette butt, lmao!!!

[@stephens9772]

I remembered Fantasia being ok, I only played it once though as a rental at my Friends house. Definitely not a good game but not 1 star. But it was a long time ago lol.

[@jonnyturtleneck7153]

Yea it doesn’t look too bad

[@ryodatimekeeper]

6:27 In my opinion, Ex-mutants looks like someone tried to port Duke Nukem II to Genesis, and failed miserably.

[@youtubecrack]

How long did you actually play these games before you threw a one star at them? Just curious? Sometimes it takes a little bit of time to get into the groove of some of these older games because of how they play.

[@mistertagomago7974]

He compiled the list based on online opinions, its not his personal list. He sometimes even disagrees.

[@Fartsanchez]

As a Genesis kid, my 5 star Genesis games are: Streets of Rage 2 Shining Force 2 Sonic 3 and Knuckles Sonic 2 Gunstar Heroes Toejam and Earl Aladdin Road Rash 2 Castlevania Bloodlines Shinobi 3 Contra Hard Corps TMNT: Hyperstone Heist Earthworm Jim 1 and 2 Mortal Kombat 2 MUSHA

[@fantasticdavidson1179]

How ya doing ya got John Riggs here 1:06

[@theweebchannel4850]

I used to play Art Alive all the time as a kid!!

[@knightdriver3592]

Onslaught has to be the most colorful “metal” game ever created 😂. Looks like a title on the Amiga.

[@fivestringpat]

I love the presentation of the Batman Forever game.

[@cwshumate914]

Toejam and Earl has to be one of my 5 star games for the Genesis.

[@timm_3r]

You should play Greatest Heavyweights for the Genesis. It's like the madden of 16 bit boxing.