Kapyong: How UN Forces Survived A Relentless Chinese Offensive | The Forgotten War | War Stories

On April 24, 1951, after routing the South Korean army, the Chinese People's Volunteer Army pursued their foes to the positions of Australian and Canadian troops, who were still constructing fallback defenses 39 kilometers to the rear. In this challenging terrain, sometimes amid darkness, individual soldiers engaged in close combat, with a superpower clashing against a coalition of nations from around the globe. The battleground was a valley, a historic invasion route to Seoul, and its potential fall meant the loss of the southern capital and the war. While the United Nations forces held the advantage with elevated positions and artillery support, the Chinese relied on overwhelming numbers. Consequently, young men from both sides found themselves in a closely contested and intensely personal battle.
The Battle of Kapyong marked a crucial juncture in China's Fifth Offensive during that spring in Korea. The offensive aimed to expel foreign troops from South Korea and push them into the sea. However, the unexpected occurred, altering the course of the Korean War. The Chinese were thwarted in their pursuit of victory and compelled to return to the negotiating table. If they had succeeded, it could have resulted in another significant setback for the United States, potentially triggering events leading to a nuclear catastrophe in Asia and igniting World War Three.
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[@BestCatFriend]

My grandfather fought at Kapyong. He survived the battle, but it still killed him. He came home as a bitter detached alcoholic. As my father says it, the only time he would ever speak about it was with other veterans, and when they were all hammered. I can't imagine what this battle must have felt like to the men on the ground. My grandfather was a bad father and worse husband, but I like to believe that in that moment, he was a great soldier.

[@escott3829]

War Has Great Costs.. Often Not Counted I'm In My 40th Year Of Army .. Not A Door Kicker.. With A MASH.. I Provided Security, Protected Wounded, Dr.s Nurses, And Medics.. Escaping With Most Of My Sanity, 6 Screws And A Plate On My Spine From When A Deployment Ended. Uhhhhhh Suddenly....

[@tamere88077]

I serve in Kapyung from 2011 to 2013 went to a commemoration and met a veteran who was corporal from the Canadian Army he said he was the same age when he was in Korea. Thank you for your service.

[@montrelouisebohon-harris7023]

Did he happen to mention anything to you about the US Marine Corps and their war horse named Reckless? They got her from a local farmer because they needed some thing that was going to be capable of bringing heavy artillery up these hills, and they had to hold three of them.. the Korean man originally didn’t want to sell the horse & said that she was extremely smart, but the military pay him a lot of money for her and they sent her through training. She learned how to take commands quickly within about six weeks, and this horse would go down the hill and back up the hill in about an hour and a half or so, and even being fired upon, and she got wounded twice, but she survived. She was a lifesaver for those And they had to managed to get her on a ship to bring her back to the United States, because they weren’t gonna leave her in Korea after the war. She ended up retiring as a staff sergeant but when she was up in battle with the Marines, she ate what they ate and she drank beer.😂😂😂

[@ValiantB2]

Cover art is the Puerto Rico 🇵🇷 65th Infantry Regiment - Borinqueneers. They covered the retreat of the 1st Marine Division during the Battle of Chosin Reservoir.

[@keithlonghurst6572]

Thank you my Father was there.

[@tsunzulu1823]

Thank you for mentioning that. I'm P.R that was an awesome fact.

[@williamharris6217]

Thanks for sharing that. I believe the image was poorly selected when we consider the overall content of the clip.

[@jamesrutter8747]

My great uncle was 2nd PPCLI in Korea. 2 years ago I requested his military records from Archives Canada. Kapyong was listed among his awards and decorations.

[@farts6499]

My great uncle was in the PPCLI in Korea as well, fought at Kapyeong. I have some wild photos of his.

[@jamesrutter8747]

@@farts6499 Do you know what company and platoon?

[@farts6499]

@@jamesrutter8747 I will find out, he is actually still alive.

[@jamesrutter8747]

@@farts6499 That would be great. It would be cool if he knew my great uncle. He was in 8 platoon, C company.

[@TalibanSymphonyOrchestra]

My Uncle was there. He is about 90 now and looks 70.

[@brandenmeeuwes1136]

My grandfather was Herman Gast and he was a hand radio operator in the Korean War. He walked behind one of the artillery and went deaf for several hours. He didn’t even know he lost his hearing until his c/o was yelling at him to his face. At that point he realized he was deaf for a few hours. Thank all military

[@tlungzen1192]

And ?

[@gopnik9967]

my grandfather was 11th btn fa forward observer in korea, told me one story about infiltrators coming onto a FOB and killing G.I.s in the night as they slept

[@jabiantakarua9347]

You spelt Goering wrong.

[@brandenmeeuwes1136]

@@tlungzen1192 are you a troll? What was the point of saying and? It was clearly not ment for you but to read. Such rude trolls

[@davidearea242]

@@tlungzen1192 - ####wit

[@rubenramirez4322]

There's only one thing I can say about Australian and Canadian troops, whether it be world war I, world war II, the Korean war, or the Vietnam war, if I had to go into battle I would definitely feel 10 times more confident knowing those boys were near me and they were on my side. Those two Countries produce some of the finest, bravest, and most courageous soldiers this world will ever produce

[@RustyShackleford]

I was reading reports on the Australian 9th Division's tenacious defence at the second battle of el alamein today. Also, Indian troops don't get the recognition they deserve... Look up the Australian 2/2nd Commando Squadron's fight against an entire Imperial Japanese division in ww2 during the Battle of Timor. For three months the company was officially listed as "missing" while they fought a desperate guerilla campaign from the islan'd interior, while heavily outnumbered and relying on air-dropped supplies. I'm proud to say my great grandfather was one of the very first Australian Army commandos to be selected upon the formation of the Commandos. He served in the 2/2nd but never spoke of his experiences in war when he returned to Australia so that's about all I know about that. Also worth noting: it was Australian troops that were the first to defeat a German combined arms offensive during the second world war (The Siege of Tobruk)... and they were facing the most battle-hardened, well-led armoured force in the world at the time. The strategy they used to separate armour from their supporting infantry and logistics network was genius due to it's simplicity - it was subsequently copied by all other allies to great effect. It would have taken real balls to hide in the barren, featureless desert waiting for Panzers to pass through your lines while hoping they don't spot you while passing. Then to spring the trap and close the net/keep it closed was a brilliant example of Australian fighting spirit. By the end of the battle, the German forces were so exhausted due to their reliance on methamphetamine, they began to make significant tactical errors that the Australian/Indian troops didn't make... being able to sleep will help with decision making I guess. Lieutenant-General Leslie Morshead (commander of the Australian 9th Infantry division) is widely regarded as being one of the very best commanders that served for any allied army in the second world war... he was also a captain in the first world war and fought at Gallipoli. He was a genius tactician and proved this by not only denying the port facilities at Tobruk from the Germans, he also had Rommel hold back a significant amount of his forces from pushing East towards Egypt for eight months. British field marshall Montgomery may be remembered as the man that beat Rommel but the truth is, it was Morshead that did the real work. Montgomery by comparison was not a brilliant tactician, a poor leader of men from a personal perspective and was an egoist.

[@timhannah4]

& NZ!

[@ralphraffles1394]

@@RustyShacklefordMontgomery was very well liked by the eight army soldier, as a rule. Although mutinies almost broke out in the battle for Caen, France. By the way you omitted to mention that the UK Royal artillery fought along side the Anzacs at Tobruk.

[@rhys5567]

My great grandfather charged at beersheba. My grandfather fought in the Pacific, my dad Vietnam. They talked me out of Iraq when my friends enlisted. Just hope we haven't gone wrong. I am proud of them. Ashamed of me.

[@hmj1116]

I was serving as an American soldier back in 1951 to 1953 was at Seoul and later at Pusan decorated with models including a letter from President Kim Dai Jung thanking the American soldiers for saving South Korea.

[@pyotk]

-*The duality of New Zealand's two Brothers* Australia: "We are pulling back from our positions since we are at heavy risk of being overrun, can you give us smoke to retreat?" New Zealand: "No problem mate." Canada: "Hey little brother I need you to hit my position with artillery, we'd rather die before we abandon our position anyway." New Zealand: "What in the fu-?"

[@wolfecanada6726]

🇨🇦👍 Canada approves this comment.

[@pyotk]

@@wolfecanada6726 *-Britain preparing her kids for yet another war* Britain: "We are ready to fight in the defence of our realm, and I trust that everyone here is ready to fight for their God, King and Country?" Australia: "Aye!" New Zealand: "Yes Sah!" Canada: "KILL! MAIM! BURN! KILL! MAIM! BURN!" Britain: "Here we go again, Canada please try your best to ACTUALLY LET THE ENEMY SURRENDER." Canada: "🤪"

[@bhut1571]

My grandfather served in the British Army in WW1 and was an RSM in the Canadian Army in WW2. He said they were always glad for the support but very wary of the US air force and artillery.

[@PappyGunn]

Kapyong was a big deal for the Canadian Army, one of the historic battles that is remembered like Vimy or Ortona. I believe the PPCLI got a Presidential Citation for this, the only one ever given to a Canadian unit.

[@canadian_ray_finkleeh9019]

It was 2nd Battalion PPCLI

[@thad117]

It was indeed 2 PPCLI, tho I believe JTF2 was also awarded the Presidential Citation award as well.

[@paulsiwy6097]

As a member of 2PPCLI I can confirm that the Presidential citation was worn as a Blue patch on the shoulder of every member in perpetuity.

[@geoffhunter7704]

Who was Princess Patricia? and thank you Australian,Canadian,South African and NZ comrades for your well appreciated aid in WW1-2 and Korea.

[@montys420-]

Also a huge deal for 3rd Battalion Royal Australian Regiment!

[@itamiyouji4057]

The second-to-last Chinese veteran's little speech at the end unexpectedly moved me quite a bit. "I'm done with it."

[@user-jy2fv2on2u]

한국의 민주주의를 지켜준 미국과 그외의 다른 지원국에게 감사를 표합니다

[@keithlonghurst6572]

Thank you, my Father was there and in the Chosen Resivour.

[@MrGA555]

it's crazy how many WW2 movies we have and almost none of the Korean war

[@ConfuciusZ]

Right There’s a lot of content Missed Especially since South Korea is actually a thriving country with Good Production companies😭

[@diemannschaftweltmeister8197]

Cuz the Korean War did not have much social impact in any significant way. WW2 was about the good guys winning over the most evil powers in the history of mankind. The Vietnam War sigificantly promoted all those civil rights movements in the 60s and 70s. But the Korean War? Nah it was not something the general public of America cared about at that time. Of course nobody cares to make movies about it. Besides, the Korean War was not a proud thing to talk about at all. The fact that the US-led UN forces could not win over China, a backward, semi-modernized country that lost over 20 million lives in the civil war and the war against the Japanese invasion in the 30s and 40s, was itself a failure essentially, because the US and its Western allies were the most powerful military forces and industrial powers in the world at that time. Not even the Soviets could directly compete with the US militarily in the early 50s. The UN forces were supposed to win, given their overwhelming military and industrial power. And yet the Yanks could not defeat the Chinese in Korea. Interestingly, the Korean War was nothing like the Vietnam War. In Vietnam, the US forces won almost every combat against the NV forces. The US lost because it could not directly invade and destroy North Vietnam, because of warnings from China and the Soviet Union. The Yanks could only fought NV infiltration forces within South Vietnamese territories. The US withdrew eventually because of failed strategies that could not establish a self-functioning SV government, not America's own military failures. In Korea, it was totally different. The UN forces were simply unable to defeat the Chinese in conventional warfare in open battle. This fact is bascially treated as a shameful failure in terms of military concepts, considering the gigantic gap in military equipment and industrial power between the Western countries and China.

[@Tobi-ln9xr]

@@diemannschaftweltmeister8197 "WW2 was about the good guys winning over the most evil powers in the history of mankind" Wie riecht es wenn man so tief im Hintern Hollywoods steckt?

[@petercrowe-hb5lz]

Spot on mate.

[@zhu_zi4533]

Because the Korean War was not so glorious for the United States in terms of motives and achievements, it was also one of the few battles in which the United States did not win on a frontal battlefield. On the contrary, this battle was of great significance to China, which had never successfully resisted foreign aggression in a century and had just ended half a century of civil war. In particular, the target of the battle was almost the entire NATO, so there were many related movies.

[@gr8990]

After visiting South Korea last year, I can tell you that the South Koreans very much remember the sacrifices of all the nations during the war. I saw the phrase "Freedom isn't Free" more times in Korea than I have in the US, which is amazing if you think about it.

[@eternalobi]

In contrast, North Korean dont really appreciate the PLA. Even the government of North Korea dont appreciate the PLA. the only ppl that appreciate the PLA are Chinese people who thinks that a buffer zone was successfully created because of PLA sacrifice.

[@Therabidrabbit89]

Tough bunch us Aussies, not many of us but we make up for it with courage and mateship. Gone but never forgotten We shall remember them.

[@alexx7077]

The UN has 20 times the number of troops and 30 times the firepower of the Chinese army

[@Therabidrabbit89]

@@alexx7077 You can't be serious

[@musicmasterplayer4532]

@@Therabidrabbit89 I suspect that he actually believes what his masters have told him to believe.

[@John-gn2dp]

My Grandfather was at Chosin Reservoir with the 7th Infantry Division one of the very few from his unit to escape to Hagaru-ri. He got injured at Tonyang in 1951 when he got blown 5ft by a mortar round.

[@rcyadav9746]

I am timid

[@bronsonperich9430]

16th Field Regiment RNZA saved the Canucks that day. And they looked out for the Aussie diggers. ANZACs live on.

[@jamesrutter8747]

They did indeed play an important role in the battle.

[@DirtyMikeandTheBoys69]

You should read Ian MccGibbon's article on artillery at Kapyong, as you seem to leave the US out of your comment despite the fact the majority of the artillery support actually came from them.

[@musicmasterplayer4532]

@@DirtyMikeandTheBoys69See Watson, who corrected McGibbon.

[@DirtyMikeandTheBoys69]

@@musicmasterplayer4532 Watson never corrected McGibbons, but nice try.

[@musicmasterplayer4532]

@@DirtyMikeandTheBoys69 No, McGibbon's account is wrong. Watson mentioned the McGibbon account and disagreed with it, and pointed out that the forward observation officer for the US mortars disappeared early in the fight and that Stone accused them of bugging out. Stone claimed that "never a pop did we get" form the US mortars. You are fighting a losing battle here, the official histories acknowledge the bugout of the two US mortar companies and of the two US combat engineering companies, all of them abandoning their trucks and equipment and fleeing on foot without orders. Not that I blame them, the Chinese had 20,000men at Kapyong, any rational soldier would have ignored the orders and lit out, which is what the US and UK soldiers did. The 3 RAR HQ force commander saw the US mortar positions abandoned with 50 trucks left behind early in the battle. What you thinking, Mike?

[@arlypaulmigueldamuy5221]

In April 1951 900 Filipino soldiers routed 40,000 Red Chinese in the Battle of Yultong

[@leeming2781]

so smart? Since the Philippines is so powerful, it can try to sink our ships in the South China Sea.

[@jordanahr6594]

The Chinese survivor speaking at the 51:00 mark looks haunted by what he saw back then... you can see it in his eyes as he speaks

[@DillyOT]

Real and honest history needs to be preserved🙏

[@alexx7077]

既没有搞清楚对方是那支军事单位，也没有弄清楚对手的数量，更猜错了对方的战役目的，难得的是今天还在坚持。白人的执拗真是.....。这个战斗在中国人民志愿军战史上称为：“沐洞里遭遇战”，现在也顺着联军的描述称为“开平战斗”，直接参战的中国军人只有450人，回到己方的有100多人，总共战死及被俘的只有300多人。

[@youdonthavetoknowsssh8154]

@@alexx7077 Invaded Vietnam in 1979, lost but still report it as a victory. Sure, chinese, sure. Trust what your government say.

[@zhu_zi4533]

"Redefining true history"

[@brettcurtis5710]

Had an old mate who served at Kapyong, Drv Jack O'Neil, 16th Field Regt, RNZ Artillery. RIP Jack.

[@ivan7453]

Great to know we can always rely on our brethren from across the ditch to be with. Thanks Kiwis:)

[@samuel10125]

The section of the UN line where the battle took place was defended primarily by British forces of the 29th Infantry Brigade, consisting of three British and one Belgian infantry battalions (Belgian United Nations Command) supported by tanks and artillery. Despite facing a greatly numerically superior enemy, the brigade held its general positions for three days. When the units of the 29th Infantry Brigade were ultimately forced to fall back, their actions in the Battle of the Imjin River together with those of other UN forces, for example in the Battle of Kapyong, had blunted the impetus of the PVA offensive and allowed UN forces to retreat to prepared defensive positions north of Seoul, where the PVA were halted. It is often known as the "Battle that saved Seoul. I would agree Kapyong and the Imjin go hand in hand though Kapyong last 2 day longer it ended on the 27th of April Imjin ended on the 25th. The reason Kapyong is "OVERLOOKED" is because at the same time this battle was raging The British 1st Battalion, The Gloucestershire Regiment was involved in extreme brutal defense against 27.000 to 30.000 Chinese troops on the Imjin River which while arguably ended badly for the Regiment itself. The battle arguably had more strategic significance we are talki about the Seoul here Had the PVA achieved a breakthrough in the initial stages of their assault, they would have been able to outflank the ROK 1st Division to the west and the US 3rd Infantry Division to the east of the 29th Brigade. Such a development would have threatened the stability of the UN line and increased the likelihood of success for a PVA advance on Seoul. Although the PVA benefited from the brigade's scattered deployment and lack of defensive preparations, they were nevertheless unable to take the positions before UN forces could check further advances. In three days of fighting, the determined resistance of the 29th Brigade severely disrupted the PVA offensive, causing it to lose momentum, and allowed UN forces in the area to withdraw to the No-Name Line, a defensive position north of Seoul, where the PVA/KPA were halted The scope and the outcome of the Imjin River engagement have been subjected to several interpretations according to different historiography traditions. According to official Chinese history, the elimination of the 1st Battalion, Gloucestershire Regiment by the Chinese 63rd Army is considered to be an important victory, although the failure of the 64th and the 65th Army to eliminate the entire British 29th Independent Infantry Brigade and capture Seoul due to the defense of ROK 1st Infantry Division was a serious setback. On the other hand, the South Korean contributions to the Imjin River battle are only recorded in sparse detail by the official South Korean history, but historian Allan R. Millet has argued that the ROK 1st Infantry Division's performance in battle demonstrated the potential of South Korean armed forces, in the wake of serious failures during the period of 1950-51. In British Empire countries, the engagement has been interpreted as the 29th Brigade's sacrifice, against impossible odds when facing the Chinese 63rd Army, which ultimately prevented the Chinese from capturing Seoul. Regardless of the interpretations, independent research from historians Zhang Shu Guang and Andrew Salmon concluded that the actions of the 29th Brigade had disrupted the Chinese advance sufficiently to affect the outcome of the First Chinese Spring Offensive. HEADQUARTERS EIGHTH UNITED STATES ARMY KOREA (EUSAK) Office of the Commanding General KPO 301 GENERAL ORDERS NUMBER 286 8 May 1951 BATTLE HONOURS - By direction of the President, under the provisions of Executive Order 9396 (Sec 1, WD Bul. 22.1943), superseding Executive Order 9075 (Sec.III, WD Bul.II, 1942) and pursuant in authority in AR 260-15, the following units are cited as public evidence of deserved honor and distinction. The citation reads as follows: The 1ST BATTALION GLOUCESTERSHIRE REGIMENT, BRITISH ARMY and TROOP C, 170TH INDEPENDENT MORTAR BATTERY, ROYAL ARTILLERY, attached, are cited for exceptionally outstanding performance of duty and extraordinary heroism in action against the armed enemy near Solma-ri, Korea on 23, 24 and 25 April 1951. The 1st BATTALION and TROOP C were defending a very critical sector of the battle front during a determined attack by the enemy. The defending units were overwhelmingly outnumbered. The 83rd Chinese Communist Army drove the full force of its savage assault at the positions held by the 1st BATTALION, GLOUCESTERSHIRE REGIMENT and attached unit. The route of supply ran Southeast from the battalion between two hills. The hills dominated the surrounding terrain northwest to the Imjin River. Enemy pressure built up on the battalion front during the day 23 April. On 24 April the weight of the attack had driven the right flank of the battalion back. The pressure grew heavier and heavier and the battalion and attached unit were forced into a perimeter defence on Hill 235. During the night, heavy enemy forces had by-passed the staunch defenders and closed all avenues of escape. The courageous soldiers of the battalion and attached unit were holding the critical route selected by the enemy for one column of the general offensive designed to encircle and destroy 1st Corps. These gallant soldiers would not retreat. As they were compressed tighter and tighter in their perimeter defence, they called for close-in air strikes to assist in holding firm. Completely surrounded by tremendous numbers, these indomitable, resolute, and tenacious soldiers fought back with unsurpassed fortitude and courage. As ammunition ran low and the advancing hordes moved closer and closer, these splendid soldiers fought back viciously to prevent the enemy from overrunning the position and moving rapidly to the south. Their heroic stand provided the critically needed time to regroup other 1st Corps units and block the southern advance of the enemy. Time and again efforts were made to reach the battalion, but the enemy strength blocked each effort. Without thought of defeat or surrender, this heroic force demonstrated superb battlefield courage and discipline. Every yard of ground they surrendered was covered with enemy dead until the last gallant soldier of the fighting battalion was over-powered by the final surge of the enemy masses. The 1st BATTALION, GLOUCESTERSHIRE REGIMENT and TROOP C, 170th INDEPENDENT MORTAR BATTERY displayed such gallantry, determination, and esprit de corps in accomplishing their mission under extremely difficult and hazardous conditions as to set them apart and above other units participating in the same battle. Their sustained brilliance in battle, their resoluteness, and extraordinary heroism are in keeping with the finest traditions of the renowned military forces of the British Commonwealth, and reflect unsurpassed credit on these courageous soldiers and their homeland. BY COMMAND OF LIEUTENANT GENERAL VAN FLEET. The more i contrast the more similarities i find between both battles.

[@eamonnclabby7067]

My great uncle Henry O,Cahan/Kane , served in the Royal Ulster Rifles on the river Imjin ,survived being a POW and made it back to Ireland...

[@nedkelly9688]

Liar was Australian and Canadian forces

[@nedkelly9688]

As my post said Australia and Canadian were hit first lil man and stop lying and spreading misinformation. means Aussies and Canadian took the full brunt of it. even states girlie Brits ran away like girls without orders.

[@guyh9992]

Cut and pasted from Wikipedia.

[@alexx7077]

既没有搞清楚对方是那支军事单位，也没有弄清楚对手的数量，更猜错了对方的战役目的，难得的是今天还在坚持。白人的执拗真是令人忍俊不禁。这个战斗在中国人民志愿军战史上称为：“沐洞里遭遇战”，现在也顺着联军的描述称为“开平战斗”，直接参战的中国军人只有450人，回到己方的有100多人，总共战死及被俘的只有300多人。

[@nathanroberts355]

My uncle jhon hardwick served with 3rd battalion royal Australian regiment at battle of kapyong during the Korean war 1951

[@Xxsnipedawg72xX]

Good ol J-hon was he south Korean or something

[@Obiosh]

Makes me proud as an Australian, I wish these soldiers knew that all these years later they’d never be forgotten, hopefully never forgotten.

[@garywhite3209]

how intense!!! im always amazed at what men can endure, can overcome, what more difficult task than the one issued to these men? on both sides. tragic for sure, the documentary is well done, im thankful to the men whove told their story. im sad this iss the first ive heard of this. its a story that should be common knowledge.

[@fuyu5979]

Awesome vid reminding us over 70 yrs ago these men paid the ultimate sacrifices !!! Spot On the writing n first hand account frm the vets who were there ! Kudos for upload. Anticipating ur next one. Peace

[@danielcrosland9150]

My great uncle fought in this battle with the 3 battalion royal Australia regiment

[@jamesorth6460]

My father was at the battles of Twin Tunnels January 1951 and Chipyong-ni Korea in February 1951

[@johngrissom9147]

THANK YOU ALL FOR YOUR SERVICE AND HOPEFULLY ONE DAY THERE WILL NEVER BE ANOTHER WAR EVER AGAIN !!!!

[@matthewjay660]

I had no idea that Turkey and Ethiopia were in the Korean War.

[@mohammedsaysrashid3587]

Super wonderful introduction video about militarily historical coverage documentary about kapyoung rivers assaults by Chinese infantry waves after waves...it was a second time I saw this wonderful military coverage video.

[@markholmphotography]

Interesting and well presented documentary. It is thru projects like this that their bravery will be remembered. I know the general scope and flow of the Korean War. My Dad fought in the US 29th Infantry Division in France, Belgium during WW2. He was in Korean during the Korean War but since he was in the USAF he was behind the front lines. He never talked about his combat experiences. Seeing a documentary like this, it is understandable why.

[@znpsl]

Thank you very much to everyone who dedicated their youth to freedom in Korea

[@haroldmclean3755]

Very interesting indeed, 👍

[@nerd26373]

We wikl always support this channel. They're one of the best.

[@g.b.alejandro6268]

It's because many countries extend their help in that war. Unlike Vietnam and Afghanistan. That strategy, way back in the Korean war, should revive nowadays..

[@faithbuilder1320]

Wars are necessary, no matter how gruesome they may be. Without them the world would be overrun by evil. So good men need to make a stand for the present & the future generations.

[@GrandPoggers]

Thank you for posting this. Was very interesting to watch. My great grandfather fought in WW2 with 2 PPCLI in Sicily and up Italy, then Holland, before moving to Camp Shilo before wars end. And then fought in Korea and in this battle. I remember my grandmother telling me how much Kapyong affected him afterwards with nightmares. Quite the glimpse into what he was in the middle of

[@Bannanaju007]

Repent 😘

[@davidwestfall4336]

Wow. My utmost respect and honor.

[@stevenleslie8557]

I worked with a Korean vet who described using flame thrower tanks to beat back the enemy.

[@cedricliggins7528]

Old vets will say anything

[@mrlodwick]

Awesome

[@rascalferret]

Always wondered what Mac had in the corn cob. 50's Philipine grass. ...

[@mairiconnell6282]

I wish that more was broadcast about the Forgotten War. McArthur's ego got the better of him and he should have stopped at the 38th Parallel. Instead he wanted to unite Korea and even take China. Therefore, provoking China into sending an army which wasn't weighed down with heavy arms so extremely mobile. He even proposed that Atomic bombs be used. The ROK were very poorly trained and led so crumbled on many occasions. As a Brit I am so very proud and saddened by the action of The Glorious Gloucester's. Saddened because only 50 men got to safety. The Americans should have taken the lesson that America can't march, relying on mechanised transport. This is one of two documentaries on Amazon Prime at the moment please give them a look.

[@robertlanario]

There is also a Battle of Yultong, where 1000 Filipino soldier fought 40,000 Chinese and North Korean soldier, known as the Spring Offensive.

[@robertvanschepdael1425]

I had the pleasure of going on 3x 2 week long "Exercises" with 2 of Canada's Infantry units in the 90's, 2 with the PPCLI and 1 with the RCR's. They are just as professional now as they were back then. They still take their jobs seriously and am very grateful and thankful and glad I seized these 3 opportunities when I could to see this and them in action

[@wolfecanada6726]

I recognize your name. Wainwright, sometime between 92 and 96?

[@wolfecanada6726]

I think we may have taken the same machine gunner course in summer 1993.

[@robertvanschepdael1425]

And to leave a small "quote" if I may from a PPCLI machine gunner instructor about... "getting up at O' Dark hundred"

[@ConfuciusZ]

Now imagine What it’s Like When the enemy actually has what you have

[@Merc7734]

The image used on the thumbnail is of The Borinqueneers, an all Puertorican infantry regiment.

[@jbx.7995]

I'll like to see what you guys have on the 65th infranty brigade from Puerto Rico who fought with Bradley Patton McArthur,..

[@jamesmcenaneymcenaney5297]

There is a book out about it.

[@jamesgarner327]

Respect to all fighters, on both sides...

[@scrappydoo7887]

This really annoys me. Its not a forgotten war at all, its a war thats known but not taught. We need more channels to get more content on about it

[@prof_kaos9341]

A little known police action. I guess as MacArthurs controversial swan song America is ambivalent so wont shine a spotlight on it.

[@antorseax9492]

I literally learned about it in school.

[@scrappydoo7887]

@@antorseax9492 when you say that you learnt about it in school how old were you and what depth was taught? *Genuinely interested

[@antorseax9492]

@@scrappydoo7887 It was GCSE history, part of the Cold War course, and we would've spent maybe a month of lessons on it. My school taught it first even though it was the second section, so I would've been about 14-15 - but most people would've learned about it while 15-16.

[@scrappydoo7887]

@@antorseax9492 well damn. I did history GCSE and to say that there was very very little depth on the Korean war is an understatement. We were taught who were on which side, the generals of interest and the most obvious highlights. I guess the standards must have changed somewhere along the way.

[@LMGunslinger]

Holy cow, that 28:00 part. Powerful

[@thomasmyers9128]

MacAuthor was an ego maniac in my opinion….

[@45641560456405640563]

And you certainly aren't alone in that assessment.

[@DavidMScott-cs8pp]

I know a Princess Pat from D Company whose platoon was about to be over run and were short on ammunition. Lt. Mike Levy who called the N.Z. artillery in on his own position saved the day. He was never given recognition. My friend said at that point he and his platoon mates were totally disgusted at the Pats C.O. Col. Stone. There was a rumour that as Levy was Jewish he was overlooked. My friend turned 92 this past fall and is as sharp as a tack and has total recall of the battle.

[@jamesrutter8747]

Please thank him for his service for me. My great uncle served in C Company.

[@DavidMScott-cs8pp]

@@jamesrutter8747 👍👍👍

[@musicmasterplayer4532]

Stone was fooled by Mills, the Company D commander, who got the Military Cross for simply relaying Levy's information to Stone. Stone did not realize that Mills was not even on the battle ground, but hidden some distance away behind a protective ridge. Mills did nothing but relay information and was not eligible for a combat medal. Levy was the hero, but at least Stone appointed Levy to be Chief Intelligence Officer for the battalion after Kapyong. Levy much later was awarded by the Governor General and by the government of South Korea for his crucial actions.

[@AcidGambit419]

13:15 I was cooking breakfast like wtf is this music. The music definitely matches the action.

[@diosdadoapias]

The Filipinos became known in the Battle of Yultong and in the Battle of Eerie Hills where then Lt. Fidel Ramos planned and execute the attack on that hill to dislodge the Nokors; and they succeeded. 50 years after, Lt. fidel V. Ramos became President of the Republic of Korea.

[@RitoAgujetas-qg4st]

Korea Hehe

[@ianforcer956]

why do you re-release the same documentaries over and over again under different names?

[@troycet1]

"War Stories" might want to take a refresher course on the Korean war. It was Eisenhower and Bradley whom initially suggested the use of nuclear weapons...and the invasion of North Korea was on order from Truman.

[@raymondbristow4007]

Australia, New Zealand, Canada, but don't forget the British Brigade that also fought at Kapyomg holding Gloucester Hill and Castle Hill. The Gloucesters were overrun when they ran out of ammunition, resorting to throwing empty beer bottles and anything else they could lay their hands on.

[@ShortReviewerRetroGames]

Australian hill had mortars that used flares in the actual battle

[@Kaiserland111]

It saddens me that so many people forget about the sacrifices and bravery of all those that fought in the Korean War in defense of South Korea, and even worse is when people consider it a failed war. South Korea exists as a democratic, functional, free nation because of the allied defense of their country. Millions of South Koreans have lived happy and productive lives in the decades since, and South Korea has done much for the world's prosperity and technological advancement, so there should be no other way to view the Korean War than as a victory for democracy.

[@RowdyBorders-ni3ti]

My neighbor had both legs gone an had like a rubber cushion to set on after he was home nothing slowed him down when back home

[@Verboten-xn4rx]

Jesus they should have got a gold medal for running. 😂.

[@martinarreguy2984]

Having said that, as a combat veteran. Dam them fooking Ausie are tough and the Chinese are fearless.

[@merparevir7762]

A full blown war but Australian soldier take a party drinking wine, just relaxing. He he he

[@use5555]

Thank God for the Aussies. They and the Brits have been our most loyal allies in all our major wars. Good On You Mate.

[@TheKrieg45]

For those of you that don't know, the picture in the thumbnail depicts the 65th Infantry Regiment "Borinqueneers", composed of Puerto Ricans in the U.S. Army, about to hold off Communist Chinese troops.

[@guitarshredder920]

True. Although its also fair to mention that all sorts of americans with latino backgrounds were also placed into that regiment.

[@musicmasterplayer4532]

Which was not related to the Battle of Kapyong.

[@daniellysohirka4258]

Leo Major - He received his second DCM during the Korean War for leading the capture of a key hill in 1951, was that not part of that hill?

[@peterwhite507]

No, his DSM Bar came at Battle of Maryang-san either Hill 355, 197 or 210

[@daniellysohirka4258]

@@peterwhite507 Ok cool, thanks for letting me know.

[@toedrag-release]

My grandfather fought in this battle he lost his hearing due to a artillery round from the Australians

[@10_rds_Fire_For_Effect]

There were no Australian Artillery at the Battle of Kapyong. The Artillery at Kapyong was 16th Field Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery.

[@bill454]

In the beginning of the battle, the Australians and Canadians have no artillery support, no outlines, and no Barbwire. What kind of incompetent military were they running?

[@MrTweetyhack]

"Come on men, we got them where we want them. They are almost out of bullets!" China reports they won the war and lost 5 men.

[@rickycoverrubias6176]

China did win the war

[@RowdyBorders-ni3ti]

Billy turner I salute u my neighbor who was there an many more others

[@lib556]

What is up with the title card for this? It is an illustration of Americans fighting in the snow. Kapyong was fought by 3rd Bn Royal Australian Regt and 2nd Bn Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry. It was April - no snow.

[@billfarley9167]

There was an American contingent on the line but they bugged out early in the battle and left their flank vulnerable.

[@lib556]

@@billfarley9167 Being a former member of 2 PPCLI I'm quite familiar with the history. I don't recall that. There was an American tank unit that helped out. 3 RAR were overrun on night of 24 Apr leaving 2 PPCLI to fight it out alone on the 25th. No shame for the Aussies... they were overrun.

[@10_rds_Fire_For_Effect]

@@lib556 The American unit didn't "help out"…… they were too busy buggering off. They don't deserve a mention in the history of this Battle, thats probably why you don't remember that there was a Yank unit there. The only mark they made in this battle, were the track marks in the ground as they left.

[@DirtyMikeandTheBoys69]

​​@@10_rds_Fire_For_EffectI've had to correct you a couple of times now. I hope this will be the last. only two US Mortar Companies bugged out, as did the Middlesex Regiment, which isn't American, FYI. The only other US unit to withdraw was a platoon of US tanks which initially faced the PVA for over an hour before withdrawing having lost both of it's tank commanders, and the 74th Engineer Combat Battalion who, having witnessed Ferguson's departure and HQ relocation effort, had mistook it for a general retreat. Ferguson's HQ itself was protected by elements of the 5th Cavalry Regiment, which thwarted several PVA attacks on the HQ. Elements of the 72nd Heavy Tank Battalion and 213th Field Artillery Battalion also fought at Kapyong. According to Ian MccGibbon: "Around 2 am the decision was taken to withdraw the artillery units to safer positions to the south. Both regiments pulled two of their batteries back immediately, leaving the other as a rearguard. These latter followed as day was breaking. At this point the Australian headquarters was overrun. The Mortar Battalion's Company B also tried to withdraw but was halted and, leaving their vehicles, retreated through the hills, as did a Middlesex company. Company A, 800 yards to the west, was forced to withdraw at about 6 am, losing three of its mortars. (The withdrawal of Company B has been unfairly misrepresented in Australian histories as taking place about midnight, and even the US official history of Army operations in Korea has followed this line.)" Please stop spreading misinformation.

[@musicmasterplayer4532]

@@DirtyMikeandTheBoys69 Nothing wrong with his information. Five companies (four U.S. companies) of engineers and mortar men bugged out early in the battle. Another company of the UK Middlesex sent to reinforce 3 RAR battalion HQ also bugged out at first chance when they found an escape route. The U.S. tanks got confused and OPENED FIRE on the 2 PPCLI on Hill 677, wounding one man. Then they retreated off the battlefield to a safe place. Read the official histories to see these events described.

[@billfarley9167]

From Canada: You forgot to mention the American section of the line bugged out on the Canadians and Australians and left their flank vulnerable. Much respect to the 2nd PPCLI for showing an example of how to defend a position.

[@10_rds_Fire_For_Effect]

The Americans at Kapyong dropped their guts and ran away.

[@attemptedunkindness3632]

@@10_rds_Fire_For_Effect One of the withdrawn American forces were a chemical artillery division decked with flame throwers which would of been _pretty friggin handy_ at Kapyong, especially since it was literally a giant welcoming bowl for gas attacks and even a single burst half second from a single flamer would of been a mass casualty event for the Chinese.

[@kodiak7447]

thats disheartening, you guys didnt have a single US marine regiment with you, i saw cavalry and i got sad. the marines wouldnt have left you.

[@mandywalkden-brown7250]

They never, ever mention that cowardly US departure, tarnishes their image. Australia has NOT forgotten.

[@ravenblaster2938]

The filipinos are one of the asian who helped south kor holding there ground ​@@10_rds_Fire_For_Effect

[@h.r.hufnstuf4171]

I've never seen or imagined us Aussies in cold weather gear, we always go to war in shorts and boonie hats

[@juanzulu1318]

Did the Commenwealth troops still fight with their ww2 Enfield rifles or did they have semi automatic rifles like the Garand?

[@lib556]

The main small arm of the Canadian Army was the Lee Enfield No 4. That said, they had plenty of Brens and Browning .30 and .50 cal MGs. WE (Canada) were the first country to adopt the FN FAL in approx 1956 with the rifles being on general issue by approx 1958. We were followed shortly thereafter by the UK and Australia.

[@advanceaustralia4861]

Australian Army fought the Korean War armed with the legendary .303 Lee Enfield.

[@lib556]

@@advanceaustralia4861 It served us (Commonwealth) through 2 world wars and into Korea.

[@10_rds_Fire_For_Effect]

@@advanceaustralia4861 And with legendary results along with NZ and UK troops.

[@6226superhurricane]

the aussies used the lee enfield .303, bren light machine gun and the owen submachine gun.

[@charleybrown2472]

A greatest story my great filipino grandad ever had experienced, in Eerie & Yultong, he kept telling us, until he died of pneumonia at old age.

[@stevemcgee6394]

The contributions to society by chinese is overstated. I do love their food, though.

[@pittsburghwill]

the main factor that changed the course of the war from the un being pushed off the peninsula was the arrival of the legendary1st marine division whos prescense immediatly stabalised the front and broke the north korean invasion at the inchon landing sept 15th 1950

[@killerkinahn4717]

Bruh the accent the translater gave the chinese vets 💀

[@zhu_zi4533]

it should be noted that this documentary only focuses on this encounter and ends with the reorganized British 27th Brigade blocking the attack of the PVA 40th Army for several days. It's just a heroic narrative, which says a lot, but it doesn't say that much about the battlefield as a whole.

[@user-xg2pd3ek9u]

3 Australians and 81 chinese killed. In trench by trench fighting... bayonet charges etc... thats insane.

[@zillsburyy1]

its called the BROWNING M2

[@HDunicorns]

모든 un군 참전자에게 감사합니다.🇰🇷

[@keithlonghurst6572]

Thank you

[@jrr7031]

Fun fact, that thumbnail......yea those are all the Puerto rican national guardsmen.

[@PTillA-kf7rq]

40:28-40:43 Called it, its foolishness, honestly not only do they not listen to the wise words and warnings of those they consider foreigners, but they don't listen to their own people. "Do refrain from intercepting an enemy whose banners are in perfect order, do refrain from attacking an army drawn up in calm and confident array: -this is the art of studying circumstances. It is a military law not to advance uphill against the enemy, nor to oppose him when he comes downhill." -Sun Tzu.

[@AndthenthereisCencorship-xc6yi]

Where were the bloody flares?

[@connor5628]

Just an unbelievable side of the Korean War we never hear about in the United States. It was an awful war from every angle but this made me feel pretty shameful that the U.S. didn’t back the Australians, New Zealanders, and Canadians the way they should have.

[@samuel10125]

It's same here in the UK the war just disappeared from people's consciousness for the British army it was the Bloodiest engagement since WW2 Battle like the Imjin River and Kapyong have just vanished it sucks the bravery of the US, British & Commonwealth forces and other nations that took part in these engagements are nothing short of pure admiration it was only in 2023 that Royal British Legion during our Festival of Remembrance for the troops du finally put the spotlight on the Korean War but it still wish they had done more but I'm happy it finally got some recognition after all these years. We need to do better at keeping wars like Korea in the public eye I know the troops don't do it for recognition he'll even want it but they still deserve to be remembered whether they want to or not

[@advanceaustralia4861]

We will remember them.

[@eamonnclabby7067]

​@@samuel10125...try ..To the last Bullet ( Salmon) ...native of Limavady now an adopted son of Birkenhead...

[@eamonnclabby7067]

​@@advanceaustralia4861...indeed we shall...

[@DirtyMikeandTheBoys69]

Except the US did back the Commonwealth at Kapyong. Ferguson's relocation effort was protected by US tanks from the 5th Cavalry Regiment, as well as a company from the 72nd Heavy Tank Battalion. Elements of the 213th Field Artillery Battalion, two companies of the 2nd Chemical Mortar Battalion (who retreated after the Australian position they were supported was overru and the 74th Engineer Combat Team (who fell back after witnessing Ferguson's relocation, mistaking it for a general retreat because Ferguson failed to notify his subordinates. Here's an excerpt from Ian MccGibbon's report: "Around 2 am the decision was taken to withdraw the artillery units to safer positions to the south. Both regiments pulled two of their batteries back immediately, leaving the other as a rearguard. These latter followed as day was breaking. At this point the Australian headquarters was overrun. The Mortar Battalion's Company B also tried to withdraw but was halted and, leaving their vehicles, retreated through the hills, as did a Middlesex company. Company A, 800 yards to the west, was forced to withdraw at about 6 am, losing three of its mortars. (The withdrawal of Company B has been unfairly misrepresented in Australian histories as taking place about midnight, and even the US official history of Army operations in Korea has followed this line.)"

[@LonelyRanger902]

The Australian commander definitely makes some questionable decisions commanding his troops

[@presidentxijinpingspoxdoct9756]

lions led by donkeys

[@musicmasterplayer4532]

Ferguson bugged out early. Burke wrote off the 2 PPCLI. Burke was summarily removed from command during the battle and immediately transported to Hong Kong.

[@musicmasterplayer4532]

Ferguson gave up his command to O'Dowd on the battlefield and fled the scene. Ferguson later got the DSO for this, a combat medal for which he was ineligible. Some joke.

[@Nash-nf4lz]

Well you're not forgotten by me if that means anything.

[@hughbondurant2730]

Imagine Truman forgot war is all about kill or be killed.

[@bluey5708]

Seriously, what Australia got out of these wars apart from body bags and war medals.

[@musicmasterplayer4532]

Australia.

[@zhu_zi4533]

got the documentary()

[@DirtyMikeandTheBoys69]

A couple of things to mention, the retreat of the two US Mortar Companies is often misrepresented by both Australian and US reports, the latter surprisingly. Reports make it seem as though they bugged out for no reason at all, but that isnt the case. A report by Ian McGibbon outlines that the mortar companies from A and B Co both held their own until they were forced to retreat due to the Australian position being overrun. "Around 2 am the decision was taken to withdraw the artillery units to safer positions to the south. Both regiments pulled two of their batteries back immediately, leaving the other as a rearguard. These latter followed as day was breaking. At this point the Australian headquarters was overrun. The Mortar Battalion's Company B also tried to withdraw but was halted and, leaving their vehicles, retreated through the hills, as did a Middlesex company. Company A, 800 yards to the west, was forced to withdraw at about 6 am, losing three of its mortars. (The withdrawal of Company B has been unfairly misrepresented in Australian histories as taking place about midnight, and even the US official history of Army operations in Korea has followed this line.)" Also, it would appear you left out the fact a Company from the Middlesex Regiment also retreated. Also, unless I missed it, you mention a friendly fire incident in which a US pilot killed a Commonwealth soldier with a bomb, yet you left out the fact "several" casualties of the PPCLI were attributed to friendly fire from NZFR. A lot of the confusion can also be attributed to Ferguson, whose poor communication caused some units to withdraw, thinking his attempt to relocate his HQ was actually a general retreat.

[@nedkelly9688]

Wouldn't believe much from USA lil man. Pacific WW2 Australia rioted against USA in Battle of Brisbane over 5000 people fought and was due to a few things but main was General MacArthur lying to high command that Australia wins were American and said Aussies were usless when American division had dropped their guns and refused to fight at battle of Gona until more experienced Australian from Kokoda came and reinforced them and Australian General Wooten took command. During the riot the Aussies went to MacArthur's HQ to kill him but was lucky was only time he was ever near the battlefield and Aussies only did damage to the hotel instead. 1942-44 more Australian ground forces fought in Pacific then USA and all MacArthur's men were Australian except useless 51st and 32nd Divisions. and 4 marine Divisions in Guadal Canal. Now New Guinea had 150,000 Japanese. Guadal only had 30,000 But USA did more lol. Yes navy did a lot But to this day Yanks still lie about this war so do not believe your dribble at all as USA has dropped guns before and tried lying about it.

[@nedkelly9688]

Also lil man Australian and the Americans who stayed were still fighting until the next afternoon. so your timing is wrong also. No Aussies retreated until next afternoon as recieved orders to stay and fight and previous wars Aussies have sacrificed themsleves while other's retreated. Crete WW2 almost all Aussies were killed or captured to help save retreating allied soldiers.

[@DirtyMikeandTheBoys69]

@nedkelly9688 Goodness, you have quite the overactive imagination. If only what you've said is true. It must really pain you to know that many Aussie women were impregnated by American soldiers because the allure of Aussie men just wasn't there. Of course, American men wouldn't need to be there at all had you actually defeated the Japanese. But alas, while you struggled for years against the Japanese in New Guinea (with thousands of Americans assisting you, by the way) we were conducting dozens of amphibious landings across the Pacific, defeating numerous Japanese fleets, utterly destroying their fleet air arm, etc. The Filipinos did more to defeat Japan than you. Thanks for the funny stories, though. I'll be sure to save them in my fiction collection for when I need a good laugh, little boy.

[@DirtyMikeandTheBoys69]

Oh, and by the way, Steven, there were 530,000 Japanese in the Philippines alone and more than 1,250,000 Americans by 1944. There were more Americans in the campaign to retake the Philippines than there were Australians in the entire Pacific theater. This includes several thousand Americans that supported your war effort in New Guinea. It must really pain you to know that when people around the globe remember the war, they remember names such as Saipan, Tarawa, Guam, Iwo Jima, the Philippines, Bataan, etc, and not New Guinea. Don't worry, because you've taken a weird fascination with me, and you've made it your mission to follow me around, I'll be sure to remind you that your own WWII museum in Australia says the US saved Australia with their victory at Coral Sea.

[@musicmasterplayer4532]

No, the US artillery units fled before midnight on foot leaving their guns and trucks to the enemy. 3 RAR A Company still held that hill, but the US artillery had already disappeared.

[@jamesomalley4556]

Thx all the men/woman that gave there all.

[@Tobi-ln9xr]

there were no women...

[@bhut1571]

Some of the NCOs in the reserves in Canada in the early 60's had seen action in WW2 or Korean. The former didn't think of Korea as a war. I recall one corporol (missing many front teeth) joking, but being envious of the Americans in Korea who had some sort of equivalent of lawn chairs and equipment in general.

[@kalebgetoffit3529]

Something I just now realized watching this is ww2 never ended because the aftermath and power vacuums that war created are still being fought over today all Over the world. And even ww2 was just an extension of ww1 it’s never stopped only moved from one battlefield to another over time. And even with an almost certain eventuality of a nuclear winter ending humanity as we know it it’s never stopped only slowed down and shifted regions. Blood is shed even today in Ukraine and Gaza. China is surely soon to invade Taiwan world war 3 is right around the corner but the first two are still raging on.

[@ladyponfarr5479]

It would be more accurate to call this a little known battle in the Korean war. Through I've seen several documentaries about this battle.

[@EntryLevelLuxury]

The Korean War is referred to as "The Forgotten War". That's where that comes from.

[@PTillA-kf7rq]

46:06-46:14 How close they came? Your victory was not in doubt so long as you had two things. The high ground and ammo for the Artillery.

[@musicmasterplayer4532]

The Chinese at Hill 677 had no trouble accessing the summit through the many ravines which lined the flanks of Hill 677 and gave protected access routes to the summit. The Chinese put about 8,000 men or even more onto the summit of Hill 677 on the night of April 24/25. The Canadians were outnumbered on the battlefield by about 30 to1, which were impossible odds.

[@PTillA-kf7rq]

@@musicmasterplayer4532 YET they lost. The Canadians withdrew under orders were not routed as in overwhelmed to the point that they ran to stay alive. Keep in mind Also the goal was not to save North Korea but to take all Korea and the Chinese got stopped at the 38th parallel.

[@musicmasterplayer4532]

@@PTillA-kf7rq Actually, the Canadians held Hill 677 against the overwhelming odds, having run out of ammunition and relying on the NZ artillery to make the difference. The Chinese perhaps did not understand that the Canadians were out of ammunition, or else they might have launched a final and successful attack.

[@eraserheads78]

Salute! Thank you all for defending Democracy.