How Russia Ended Ukrainian Independence - Early Modern History DOCUMENTARY

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Kings and Generals historical animated documentary series on the history of medieval era continues with a series on the origins of Ukrainians and Ukrainian History. Previously, we explored how the identity of Ukraine as a nation starting forming with the Kyivan Rus and the kingdom of Ruthenia, and about the Mongol period ( • Medieval Origins of Uk... ). Second episode described the fall of the Mongol rule over the lands of Ukraine, how the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth took over and how these events led to the Rise of the Cossacks and the Bogdan Khmelnytsky's rebellion ( • Rise of the Cossacks -... ). The third episode focused on how Ukraine lived between the three empires - Ottoman Sultanate, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the tsardom of Muscovy (Russia), and how Russia's first invaded Ukraine, using the internal problems of the Cossack Hetmanate ( • Russia's First Invasio... ). The fourth episode will focus on how Russia finally ended Ukrainian independence during the reign of Peter I after hetman Mazepa joined the Swedish king Charles XII in his attack on Russia.
Origins of Ukraine: • Medieval Origins of Uk...
Rise of the Cossacks: • Rise of the Cossacks -...
Russian Invasion of Ukraine: • How Ukraine Won the Fi...
Ancient Origins of Kyivan Rus: • Ancient Origins of the...
Crusades From the Muslim Perspective: • Crusades From the Musl...
Early Muslim Expansion - Yarmouk, Al-Qadisiyyah: • Early Muslim Expansion...
Early Muslim Expansion - Egypt and Iran: • Early Muslim Expansion...
Muslim Schism: • Muslim Schism: How Isl...
Third Crusade: • Third Crusade 1189-119...
Fourth Crusade: • Rise of Bulgaria - Eve...
First Crusade: • First Crusade: Battle ...
Sultanate of Women in the Ottoman Empire: • Sultanate of Women in ...
How the German Empire Provoked Ottoman Jihad in WWI: • How the German Empire ...
Ottoman Battles: • Battle of Kosovo 1389 ...
Why the Ottomans Never Colonized America: • Why the Ottomans Never...
Why the Ottoman Sultans Killed their Brothers: • Why did the Ottoman Su...
Cem Sultan: Ottoman Prince in the Heart of Europe: • Cem Sultan: Ottoman Pr...
Ottoman Pirates: • Ottoman Pirates - Armi...
Turkification of Anatolia: • Turkification of Anato...
Hashashins: • Hashashins: Origins of...
Christian Schism: • Great Schism: The Bitt...
Mos Maiorum: What led to the fall of the Roman Republic?: • Mos Maiorum: What led ...
How Rome Conquered Greece: • How Rome Conquered Gre...
Caesar in Gaul: • Caesar in Gaul - Roman...
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We are grateful to our patrons and sponsors, who made this video possible: docs.google.com/document/d/1o...
The script was written by Leo Stone, while the video was made by Yağız Bozan and Murat Can Yağbasan and was narrated by Officially Devin ( / @offydgg & kzbin.info/door/79s....
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Production Music courtesy of EpidemicSound
#Documentary #Ukraine #Russia

[@KingsandGenerals]

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[@Carnosaurrr]

Unless Mazepa was a thief, the parallel between him and that scamming company is inadequate.

[@rikklea8321]

¾

[@user-ob1qm6cs1q]

Зробіть будь ласка ролик про походи Отамана Івана Сірка на Крим і Османів він був дуже легендарною людиної у нашій славні історії

[@austinreed5805]

I find the 17th and 18th Centuries to be often the most under looked, when it comes to history. So many great conflicts and leaders that show us how Europe evolved from the Renaissance period to the Napoleonic Era.

[@Homer-OJ-Simpson]

@@ThisNinjaSays_ "History favors the victors and the powerful" which explains why the Byzantine Empire (later Roman Empire) was almost unknown to most people until recent years with the rise of youtube bringing attention to those that eventually lost. What hurt the populuarity of the Byzantine Empire is that the world became dominated by France and England so in the west we heard mostly their stories. At the same time, Byzantine was defeated by the Muslim Ottomans so the Islamic world wasn't as interested in continuing the stories of Byzantine Empire. And most of Eastern Europe pivoted to Russia in terms of carrying on the orthodox Christian history. And the US would later become the country that joined and surpassed England and France. But since US history comes from England, the US teaching of history was somewhat aligned with England. And English & Americans have always been fascinated by French due to the many ways and later alliances so that helps in terms of French history popularity in US and UK.

[@Homer-OJ-Simpson]

@@alansokelisatruehero8520 yeah, that was what I was getting at. Nobody to tell their story. The ottomans replaced the culture and thus Byzantine history doesn’t really belong to ottoman / Turkic / Turkish history. Add to it that there was a split in the church and culture during Byzantium era so Western Europe had less reason to continue the story Byzantine empire but did continue the story of the Roman Empire (western Roman).

[@jailedtwice735]

Don't forget about human sufferings For instance, actions, like were in Battle of Stavishche, in which completely burned the town, murdering all its residents, weren't singe event. After the battle of Berestechko, as a result of the punitive campaign of the Poles to the east, there were huge losses of the Ukrainian population. In the 1650s, the population of Ukraine became smaller than at the end of the 16th century. Bratslavshchina, Volyn and Galicia lost about 40-50% of the population. In 1654/55, the Tatars took the side of the crown army and devastated 270 villages and towns in Podolia alone, burned at least a thousand churches, and killed 10 thousand children. Report of a Polish officer of the time, describing the devastation: " I estimate that the number of infants alone who were found dead along the roads and in the castles reached 10,000. I ordered them to be buried in the fields and one grave alone contained over 270 bodies... All the infants were less than a year old since the older ones were driven off into captivity. The surviving peasants wander about in groups, bewailing their misfortune" In the autumn of 1655, the Swedish army, moving to Lviv, burned down all the villages and towns along the road of movement in a strip of 30-60 km. In parallel, there was a corps of Crimean, Nogai, Belgorod and Budzhatsk Tatars, which devastated the lands from Kyiv to Kamenets-Podolsk.

[@GrandDukeMushroom]

I would say devolved is more in place As in humanity devolved from the Renaissance onward

[@danielzhang1916]

@@alansokelisatruehero8520 yeah I agree it basically disappeared, and there's no one left to speak for it now, since Greece and Turkey have their own cultures anyway, it was no longer a state

[@giod6266]

Unfortunately, it is true that the Swedish army was demoralized, lacked provisions and even ammunition before the Poltava battle. This is well described by Peter England in his book Poltava. The Swedes were simply too weak and Charlse was too ambitious. Peter England writes that large reinforcements of men, food and ammunition from Sweeden were defeated somewhere in Ukraine by Russians and and small Cossack allied army didn't reached Charlse before the decisive Poltava battle.

[@sidp5381]

I think they would not consider the fact they did a whole one hour video. 02 hours on the great Northern more.

[@Nechay.]

I think even if Charles win in Poltava he would still be doomed... only if he could capture Petr but chances of that were very small

[@AndriiF]

​@@Nechay. absolutely not. Without Ukraine Moscowy is not a super power but simply poor outdated country, with bad government system and not educated people. That's why Ukraine is so important even now

[@Nechay.]

@@AndriiF I mean you are not wrong here, but Charles was doomed because you know russians love use scorge earth tactics and eventually he would lose, because he basically have no logistics Ukraine was already destroyed by russians and not to forget his neighbors like poles were watching them and could attack him to finish the job that Petr don't do

[@bradalguire4039]

The Cossacks half defected to Peter the Great

[@Argacyan]

While Catherine the Great was partially known for Russification, there is an interesting history of an influx of Germans into the area as well. While Crimean-Goths had lingered on the peninsula for centuries, partially integrating into the Tatars & Pontic Greeks, those new west-germanic settlers would found dozens of towns that would exist until this day even with historical events in between that would see Germans either flee or actively being ethnically purged & deported to Siberia.

[@dylanvogler2165]

@ninja it isn't. But she did many other policies she did which was russification.

[@dylanvogler2165]

@ninja forcing the Russian language onto Ukraine is the easiest example of it. But her russification was not to the extend of some later Czars, that much is true.

[@oksanamazur2123]

​@@ThisNinjaSays_ her most major sin in regards to Ukraine that she wanted to glorify the history of Ruzzian empire, so her people stole all the archives from Ukraine and rewrite the history of our people in their own way. Those true archives were either destroyed or still somewhere in Moscow

[@dylanvogler2165]

@@oksanamazur2123 yes that's correct

[@Argacyan]

@@ThisNinjaSays_ You're writing "who brought German settlers to Ukraine and South Russia" as if the fact that it was Germans was offensive. If it's not that & you instead are cirtical of colonial hierarchies I can relief you in saying those weren't created here. Germans mostly founded cities & farming estates in low-population areas of the Pontic Steppes. While it happened during the general period of Russian & Ukrainian settler colonialism removing Crimean Tatars from their homelands, Germans usually acted on the periphery. The "I'm taking your house for myself" style happened in already established historical cities like the port nowadays known as Sevastopol or Perekop.

[@nenenindonu]

The interesting part about such power vacuums are the multiple scenarios of the ultimate outcome, If not Russia it would've been Cossacks, Tatars, or Poles getting the whole chunk of territory

[@samanyupalthi]

Yes people forget that if not Russia then someone else would have been the threat!

[@oksanamazur2123]

​@@samanyupalthi Ukraine was divided between different empires for ages and Ruzzia's treatment of people was always the worst

[@pangrowlin3599]

@@oksanamazur2123 The poles treated Ukrainians just as bad, Polification was policy, orthodoxy was discriminated against in favour of Catholicism.

[@flaviusbelisarius1182]

I agree, the narrative of villains and heroes is unrealistic when it comes to countries. And in general, great leaders like Peter the Great, Julio Cesar, Alexander the Great etc committed morally reprehensible acts, it is not exclusive to one or the other.

[@oksanamazur2123]

​@@troller8680 Poland's treatment was not the best, but they never performed something similar to Sack of Baturyn (mentioned here in the video). It happened more than 300 years back but Ruzzians still do the same atrocities now.

[@mwhite2300]

Your work is peerless

[@davidhughes8357]

No matter whet else comes up on alerts I always rewatch my favorite videos on Kings and General's over and over every night. Guess you might say it's an addiction. But a very good one. LOL. Thank you all.

[@ignatkondiuk5253]

Thank you for that video!

[@rohansensei5708]

4:52 worst mistake Sobieski ever made

[@CLees-is5bt]

Maybe.But Sobieski's brother has been murdered on Chmielnicki's order,after the battle of Batoh.Both sides were to blame.

[@Dawid-kn6mv]

Hard to say. Cossacks were not very reliable.

[@mykhailo4472]

great video Thank you)

[@CalinGilea]

The lesson for us is that in this part of Europe being neutral is not going to get you far as a country. The constant balancing between Tsardom of Russia, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottomans slowly sapped the Hetmanate whose independence was ended by the Empire of Russia. Playing all sides in international relations only works for a limited time.

[@alexk7973]

or if you make sure everyone keeps their riches in your castle. Suddenly nobody wants to cut of their own nose by attacking. Those wily Swiss …

[@IbrahimStanikzai]

It was so amazing how crimean khanate, polish Lithuanian Commonwealth and cossack Hetmanate all were annexed one by one by Russia . Cossack Ukraine in 1775 AD and Crimean khanate in 1782 AD and polish Lithuanian commonwealth in 1792 AD .

[@yuriyseliuk4120]

Great work, enjoyed watching it :)

[@sydney_smith]

these episodes are awesome

[@Advise012]

Thank you for such a wonderful and informative video

[@vulpoiul7538]

You're doing a million dollar job. Keep it up. This is the way

[@Abiyottube]

of course they are they are defaming russia in this two years I hope you people dont destroy the russian federation since they are kinda the precursor to one world government anyhow dont forget to give them the " million dollar"

[@based.lexane]

An good idea for video: How a certain general named David Bek led Armenians resistance against Ottomans and Safavids and won one of the greatest battle of whole history - Battle of Halidzor, 300 Armenians against 70000 Ottomans, and of course talk about his tragedic death

[@Miamcoline]

Thank you for making this!

[@tacidar558]

Interesting how all the superpowers cumulated in eastern Europe in the 1700s: Russia Sweden Ottomans and Commonwealth.

[@tacidar558]

@@cetus4449 I totally agree ypu for but what you said is more about the second half of the 18th century. What I mean for 1700 is actually the period, which is spoken in the video. Roughly 1680-1720. Russia was not at its peak, nor the Ottoman and Commonwelath. But Russian and ottoman empires could still make feel their influence to rest of the continent.

[@tacidar558]

@@cetus4449 The ottomans lost their first devastating war against the Venice-Cw-Austriah.-Russian alliance in year 1683-1699. But they were capable to fight back the russians in the 1720s and ca 1747 twice. Moreover they also won almost every war against Austriahungary. Thus can be said that they were still a great power. Can be considered as top3 or 4. Honestly I dont know much about the Swedes. But what I remember they were strong between 1650 and 1720 (roughly) till they lose their war against Russia. I suppose you know better about them.

[@tacidar558]

@@cetus4449 what do you mean with new powers? Prussia and Russia? Or western Europe

[@ricklinde9147]

Thanks!

[@kriwe4013]

You should do history on PLC

[@danielluckenbaugh5674]

Glad I have seen all your videos about Ukraine! Keep it up.

[@spaceetc2436]

I explain this video for my war buddies. They like your videos about our war. I'm the only one in the battalion who knows English and it's not perfect.😄 Hello from Ukraine. Sometimes I think that I would like to see this video with ukrainian translation or subtitles so that more ukrainians can see it. We dont have such quality content from our bloggers and it is always interesting to listen history of your country from foreigners.

[@vitaliytereshchenko5722]

I recommend Історія без Міфів and Історія для Дорослих.

[@mshordness]

@@vitaliytereshchenko5722 Історія без Міфів is one of the bests!

[@oksanamazur2123]

Ще Реальна Історія

[@oknenotyrax4405]

бережи себе друже, привіт з міста Запоріжжя)

[@danielzhang1916]

your English is good already, by the way most Americans can figure out imperfect sentences, this is the best history channel I've found on KZbin with the map animations

[@oleksandrshymanskyi1129]

Thank you for doing these series!

[@oblakevychd]

Great video! You revealed one of the most difficult periods of Ukrainian history very well. Additionally, I'd like to thank you for mentioning Ukrainian/Cossack Baroque, I personally love this style, as is the story of the cultural renaissance of the time in contrast to imperial myths about a "culturally backward" peasant country with cossack outlaws. Lest we forget that it was the professors and graduates of the Kyiv Mohyla academie and other collegiums of Ukraine who brought European education to Moscow, which in principle made reforms and modernization possible.

[@giod6266]

This is typical for Russia and russian, or should I say RuZZia and ruZZians. They never ever made their own changes or reforms, never had any modern ideas, lived as a barbarians for centuries and they still are barbarians today, just have a look at them outside of Moscow, how they live. If that is not barbarism, then what is! I pray they all will be gone soon, ALL!

[@ChillDudelD]

This architecture and culture was brought by Poland when these land were technically Polish, before and until 1648/1676 and 1772. Polish renaissance and Poland’s Golden Age greatly influenced Ukraina, especially the Golden Liberties inspired the Cossacks.

[@Kwerd]

​@@ChillDudelD после русского национализма самый худший в Европе это национализм польский

[@adarshs4553]

Pls, make a vedio on BATTLE OF LONGEWALA

[@rafanadir6958]

Can you do a video about the reason why Russia treated so differently the Don cossacks from the Dnieper cossacks ?

[@oksanamazur2123]

Don cossacks were originally from Dnieper ones, but had to migrate due to what Katherine II did to Sich. Pity that Don cossacks forgot their roots and became loyal to empire with time

[@peepeepoopoo3996]

In short - they were successfully assimilated. And later extensively used for Caucasus wars and Circassian genocide

[@jailedtwice735]

@Oksana No. Majority of the Don Cossacks were Russians, just as majority of the Zaporozhian Cossacks were Ukrainians. The Don Cossacks themselves distinguished themselves from living nearby, on the Don, Tatars and Cherkases (as the Russians called Ukrainians at that time)

[@GiraffeFeatures]

Don Cossacks happily simped for Russia, the Dnieper Cossacks didn't.

[@muzaiacmu4757]

@@jailedtwice735 It is not true. The Don Cossacks were also ethnic Ukrainians. Even according to the population census that was already conducted in the USSR. And the attitude towards them was really the same. The Don Cossacks also constantly rebelling. It's just that the Don Cossacks were never part of the Hetmanate. Therefore, over time, their paths began to diverge. It's just that the Don Cossacks, unlike the Zaporozhians, never had a choice with whom to interact (war, alliances, diplomacy). There were Poles and Tatars near the Zaporozhians, and the Don was completely under Moscow.

[@high4702]

Very informative, but why didn’t you cover Sloboda Ukraine? And also Pylyp Orlyk?

[@darthbee18]

Whooooo that title 👀👀👀

[@cramw139]

Will you do a similar series on the catalan nation? Seeing this, the two stories are almost the same

[@milanfrancis4385]

Been watching for many years but these titles are very anachronistic

[@apollyon23456]

In what way?

[@dylanvogler2165]

No not really. He could also say Ruthenian but it would be the same. Ruthenian in the early modern time no longer refered to all former Rus' but specifically to what we now know as Ukrainians. So it would be the same as saying Ukrainian. The Cossacks saw themselves and the people they ruled as distinct from the Russians (Moscovites). What term do you want them to use? The Imperial Russian (which we now also see more and more return in nationalist Russian circles) of "Little Russians" ? Which is considered highly offensive by those called a such.

[@philipmorrone5717]

Ruthenian would be accurate, but it would simply refer to what we now call Ukrainian.

[@dylanvogler2165]

@@philipmorrone5717 exactly

[@dylanvogler2165]

@VividChi 12 "Ruthenia" in the 17th century referred to what is now Ukraine and "Ruthenians" to what are now Ukrainians and Rusyn. This would be the case until the 20th century after which the term would mean only Rusyn. This is in contrast to the use of the term in the centuries before that where it meant all of the Rus'. The time period where it meant all Rus' is were the terms White Ruthenia / White Rus' (Belarus / Беларусь), Red Ruthernia and Carpathian Ruthenia come from. Ironically the only people nowadays called Ruthenians are those from Zakarpattia/Carpathian Ruthenia, the Rusyn. During the 17th century people already differentiate between the White Ruthenians (Belarusians) and the other Ruthenians, there was no differentiation between the Rusyn and Ukrainians at that time yet.

[@Dawid-kn6mv]

80% towns with primary schools in towns is not 80% literacy at all.

[@WangAiHua]

Could be,---but what are you trying to saying?

[@Nechay.]

Still for Europe of that time pretty significant

[@WangAiHua]

Anna, daughter of the Prince of Kyiv, who became regent of France was one of the few literate people in Paris at the time!

[@Thinking_Substance]

@@WangAiHua This must be a joke, it is, right, right? That was more than 6 centuries prior to the hetmanate, and she was a princess of the Rus, not Ukraine in particular

[@WangAiHua]

@@Thinking_Substance That is entirely correct!---At that time Kyivan Rus' was a important and wealthy capital!---The Ukrainian language is almost 100% phonetic making literacy very easy---it is no wonder that Ukraine today has one of the highest literacy rates in the World. When Anna arrived in Paris she was shocked how less developed it was compared to Kyiv! You call her Princess of "the Rus"---You do understand that the relatively few Viking Rulers in the 9th century assimilated into Ukrainian (then called Rus') society! Ihor and Olha (9th century) had Viking derived names while their son---Sviatoslav already had a Ukrainian name---Anna was from the 12th century--3 centuries later! Muscovy was still a swamp---first mentioned only in 1147!

[@niekvanderhorst6065]

More plz

[@brainflash1]

Waited too long to betray Peter.

[@tatarcavalry2342]

should have sided with the Swedes

[@tremedar]

@@tatarcavalry2342 Perhaps, but the Swedes then weren't the friendly people who brought easy to assemble furniture to the world and even if turning sooner would have worked, even if Sweden could have won, that's no guarantee things work out for the Cossacks.

[@tatarcavalry2342]

@@tremedar far away to sweden it's not easy to control your vassals back in days when they are away they could have better conditions

[@dirtydangler]

@@tatarcavalry2342 cave dwellers cant be trusted

[@Nechay.]

If choosing between two evils.. Sweden are the lesser one

[@collinward1241]

Will you be doing a episode on Ukraines first independence in 1918 and to a extent the Polish-Soviet War?

[@caniconcananas7687]

I hope so. And, if they tell about the defence of Warsaw from the Red Army, told about the role of the French "saviour" of Warsaw. No spoilers, please.

[@alfotiosacaramde9631]

As Ukrainian historian, I must to admit that you did a great video! Definitely would recommend it to students

[@thehunzz]

Lots of easily converted to paper birch trees helped literacy quite a bit too.

[@UeArtemis2]

You ignored the Sloboda Ukraine autonomy on the map :-(

[@pepe7044]

Me watching the mayhem in the comments:

[@Kwerd]

what is the mess in the comments?

[@caniconcananas7687]

Very interesting series. It would be also interesting another one about the territories of current Ukraine that were not part of the Hetmanate. Which states existed on them? Which peoples inhabited them? How were their culture(s)?

[@Anton_Danylchenko]

The same Ruthenians/Ukrainians inhabited those lands to the west of Hetmanate. After the truce of Andrusovo their land became part of Poland without any autonomy. They rebelled several times but were suppressed by both Poland and Russia. Later Poland was partitioned and Russia took most of Ukrainian ethnic territory except for the western one that became part of Austro-Hungary. In XIX century both Russian-controlled and Austrian-controlled parts of Ukraine faced Ukrainian cultural revival. But Russia quickly suppressed it and banned Ukrainian language - they planned to assimilate Ukrainians into Russians. Later after WWI Ukrainian states declared independence in both Russian-controlled and Austrian-controlled parts of Ukraine but were defeated and suppressed by Russians and Poles and divided between USSR and Poland. Later USSR capture most of Polish-controlled part of Ukraine, while westernmost regions remained in Poland and Ukrainians were deported from there. As for lands of Southern Ukraine they were sparsely populated and inhabited by Cossacks, Nogays and Crimean Tatars. Northern part of that region was controlled by Zaporizhian Cossacks, while southern part was controlled by Crimean khanate - the Ottoman vassal. In XVIII-XIX centuries Ukrainian peasants resettled there in big numbers and by the end of XIX century those lands became Ukrainian ethnic lands. Russia tried to resettle other people to those lands (Germans, Serbs, Romanians) in order to decrease Cossack influence but they were mostly assimilated by Ukrainians. Russia "founded" new big cities on the place of captured/destroyed Cossack/Tatar/Ottoman settlements and resettled Russians there.

[@high4702]

He didn’t cover the Sloboda Ukraine, the region of Kharkiv, Sumy and Luhansk, which were as well as Hetmanate the autonomous part of Russia. Sloboda Ukraine was settled by people who fleed Ukraine during the Khmelnytsky uprising.

[@ChillDudelD]

It was Poland, even the “Hetmanate” was Poland before the Chmielnicki rebellion of 1648.

[@lifeisfakinawesome4386]

@@ChillDudelD and it was still ruthenian (ukrainian) before the Mongols have destroyed Kyiv state in 1240, and the Poland annexed this land which was weakened by mongols

[@ChillDudelD]

@@lifeisfakinawesome4386 But which lands specifically are we talking about? Because Czerwień aka Red Ruthenia belonged to Poland first, before it belonged to Rus.

[@TheCossak]

Any plans to make a history of the USSR? There are plenty of videos on the Russian empire but much less content on the USSR. I understand it is a big topic and probably cannot be covered in one single video but any content on it would be much appreciated. Thank you

[@johnboxler8989]

Great video

[@lubnamujeebofficial]

History repeats itself

[@TheVoiceOfReason93]

We must learn from history. Only then will history not repeat itself.

[@blacklion8208]

I've heard this before, but reality is another thing.

[@dylanvogler2165]

History doesn't repeat itself. It rhymes.

[@TheVoiceOfReason93]

@@dylanvogler2165 Fair point. Marx is perceptive as always.

[@oknenotyrax4405]

Можу сказати шо росіяни не знають що таке історія, у них тільки "можем повторить" - а у нас в українців - Ніколи Знову.

[@ibrahimcoskun5602]

Great documentary! After what I have recently been aware of the histories of the national identities kept under the Holy Roman Empire, primarily Magyar, I think that the world has much to put up to cherish the colors representented by various nationalities, in our way to the harmonious peaceful world.

[@nenenindonu]

This can be summarized as the period in which Russia's position as the strongest Slavic nation was affirmed, having outpaced the PLC by most parameters

[@diabelgrogaty1963]

That's sadly because the PLC has failed to modernize and the central authority was so week that even trying to change that state of things would only result in a discontent among the nobility that often has had much more power and authority than the king. The state just simply stopped to exit not primarly because of it's aggresive neighbours but because of the anarchy, lack of central power and it's backwardness in contrast to it's neigbours...if there would be a strong prosperous PLC then the balance of powee would be different and everyone would think twice before making moves

[@AndriiF]

​@@diabelgrogaty1963 I only add one thing to your comment. I am sure that if it could be commonwealth of three nations (as it was in fact), with equal rights of ukrainian nobility and orthodox church as it was planned in so called "Gadiach's agreements", it could be strongest state in Europe

[@Kwerd]

​@@joachimaszkenazi can you prove your incredible claim?

[@Iv4Bez]

@@diabelgrogaty1963 btw I find it's funny that one trait in one period of time (strong central rule) is good but after industrialization it's rather bad.

[@wladislaw9242]

Thia period deserves a movie

[@sircatangry5864]

Little not correct borders. Mazepa controlled both sides of Hetmanat, not just left bank Hetmamat.

[@user-eu2rp5dk6j]

Great ad mash up with Nord vpn :D

[@JediMasterRadek]

It's really striking how the cold, corporate art belonging to the sponsor collides with an artistically rich artwork made for the episode. This is not a criticism, or praise, just an observation of how corporate art subtlety reveals a lot about them.

[@OptimumAdvantedge]

Make videos on his father, Philip

[@still-thinking1731]

That vpn Segway was flawless.

[@poopmcgee2410]

*Segue Segway is the scooter brand

[@HRHOCHUKOii]

Hello

[@avaxapon8031]

Thank you for a good content. Waiting for a new video about 🇺🇦

[@xXFilipXx-1992]

Russia Never change no matter what time in history it is

[@pavlodovbysh6644]

I remember this topic in fifth form of school. Sweden is bros and sisters, much love to Sweden❤❤

[@AbyssR292]

I know barely anything about Eastern Europe, the Cossacks and the interpersonal relations between all the different peoples in close proximity is interesting.

[@tktilk3878]

@KINGS&GENERALS , thanks very much for continuing covering Ruthenia-Ukraine's history. Glory to Ukraine!

[@OptimumAdvantedge]

🔥🔥🔥Make videos series of the historical figure, that Alexander the Top G, shoulders' was standing on while he was establishing the foundations the Western World is heavily based on, his father Philip the II

[@Phil-ld8uv]

Great channel.!!

[@nguyenhuuhoa0913]

history repeats itself 😅

[@oksanamazur2123]

Not. This time Moscow will fall

[@Nechay.]

Not even close. I would say it's more like in 1917-1922

[@bohdanhovorun3078]

russians: We have no troops to defend Ukraine! Also russians: Menshikov`s army magically appears!

[@davidcollins2648]

Especially relevant to today's fight for Ukrainian independence. This isn't their first rodeo with Muscovy. It's the price of being the geographic crossroads of Europe and Asia

[@btwuam5]

It would be interesting to watch the history of Uyghurs nation and how they became a part of China

[@angusyang5917]

Most of modern-day East Turkestan was annexed by the Qing dynasty in 1756 with the fall of the Dzungar Khanate, the last traditional Uyghur entity, the Kumul Khanate, was abolished in 1930, and the last Uyghur republic was finished off in 1949.

[@tarasdubenskyy508]

Here's another story that goes like that - Golitsyn started to hate Ivan Samoylovych after Golitsyn's disastrous campaign against Crimean Tartars. Samoylovych was not very willing to help the Moscovite army but he kinda had to (no one knew southern Ukraine better than Cossack rangers). The straw that broke the camel's back was when Tartars set the steppe on fire and the attacking army literally got lost and choking in the solid scorching summer smoke. Samylovych somehow lost or hurt his sight and was very pissed so Golitsyn who had being bragging he would conquer Crimea needed a scapegoat to blame for his failure. So he took care of Samoylovych and after some intrigues got him exiled to Tobolsk.

[@ghju344]

19:00 explains everything Ukraine faces today !

[@lifeisfakinawesome4386]

Zaporozhian cossacs state also included Starodub region - hetman Skoropadskyi was born there and many others. Russia has annexed it only on 1919

[@Argacyan]

It is a bit weird for the title to mention Russia, but the video to then also cover how Poland ended Ukrainian independence alongside Russia.

[@dylanvogler2165]

Because Catherine betrayed her deal with the Cossacks

[@Argacyan]

@@dylanvogler2165 That happens towards the end of the video, there's an entire video going on before Catherine comes up at the end.

[@dylanvogler2165]

@@Argacyan yes but it was her who ended the Cossack independence. Together with the actions of Peter I. Not the actions of the PLC.

[@Argacyan]

@@dylanvogler2165 The entire video + previous videos say that while Russia ended it on the eastern bank, the PLC ended he cossacks on the western bank.

[@dylanvogler2165]

@@Argacyan the Cossack independence *as a whole* was ended by Russia.

[@GnomaPhobic]

An excellent video. I only knew of Ivan Mazepa from the game Empire: Total War. Hearing his story, you can almost feel the dread that the Ukrainians must have felt as the creeping specter of Russian imperialism came closer. In the end he - and his nation - were in an impossible situation and faced disaster regardless of what they chose to do. They chose to fight, and defend their land. You have to admire that spirit.

[@HibHab69]

...until 2022 that is.

[@mariusmarcu4892]

Sacrifice for the algorithm!

[@tzeentch8281]

Next video on the Kalmyk migration to Russia

[@andriy_sushko]

Thank you for covering one of the most interesting periods of Ukrainian history. I as Ukrainian appreciate the effort to share and populate the knowledge about this period of Ukrainian history to the rest of the world, as it only proves that Ukraine has a lot deeper history, than most of the people think.

[@bigsarge2085]

✌️✌️

[@user-eg1tn1ct1p]

Thank you for making this historical content about our country and ukrainian nation! I hope this will help other nations to understand our relations with Russia deeply

[@danielzhang1916]

In the US, we only learned about Kyivan Rus vaguely, and then Soviet times, not much else sadly

[@88kjk75]

Mayb this wouldn't have happened if Mzepa and the rest of the Ukrainians used NORDVPN, the premium v...

[@brokenbridge6316]

I'm certain Mazepa would be quite proud of the Ukrainians of today. Pushing back the Russians from their territory. And also possibly a little jealous.

[@danielzhang1916]

he didn't have a modern army that had 8 years to prepare, and aid from other countries

[@brokenbridge6316]

@@danielzhang1916---That is irrelevant. He would likely be proud of the Ukrainians of today. And that is what matters.

[@danielzhang1916]

@@brokenbridge6316 yes, my point was addressing the difference today vs then

[@brokenbridge6316]

@@danielzhang1916---And I'm still saying that this guy would be proud of his people today.

[@danielzhang1916]

@@brokenbridge6316 wasn't trying to argue but okay, whatever

[@oleksandrlysenko611]

Great work, Author. I am suspicious it should be prepared by some Ukrainian because it contains very precise historical data about Mazepa motivation to break protectorate with Moscovian monarch which is not well known even in Ukraine nowadays. Bravo!

[@davidhughes8357]

Thank you again Kings and Generals for another great video. And I personally stand with the Ukrainian people!

[@user-kj2zf6xi7g]

Thanks for the video and all the materials you have made so far, I really like your channel! However, amongst other accents carefully placed in this series with the purpose of slightly (or sometimes not) overemphasizing the Ukrainian cause, all the while forgetting about the Russian one and additionally demonizing Russia, the usage of the word Novorussia you have presented in the video is incorrect: actually, Novorussia is the primarily steppe territory to the south of Ukraine and Zaporizhia stretching from Moldova to Don. Until the second half of 18th century it belonged to the Crimean Tatars and Turks and then was conquered by Russia and colonised primarily by Russians with the participation of Ukrainians, Serbs, Germans, Cossacks and Armenians, never being part of Ukraine both culturally and administratively until the creation of the German Empire's Ukrainian puppet state in 1918. Meanwhile, Ukraine's name in Russian Empire and before was Malorussia, with no intentions of thinking of Ukraine as "New Russia", but "Small Russia".

[@olexiymatuniv6148]

Насправді найбільша помилка ототожнювати Російську імперію з Росією,яка лиш була вигадана пізніше,як грецький переклад Русі,який греки застосовували стосовно держави Русь,з якою вони спілкувались виключно через Київ.Але ще більшим безглуздям є називати мешканців тої імперії росіянами,бо насправді то були лиш піддані царя,суміш фіноугорських і тюркських народів,який імперська канцелярія з ідеологічних міркувань визнала як великоросів й з тих же ідей вигадала концепцію "триєдиного народу",до якого наче входили великороси,малороси і білоруси.Новоросія,насправді завоювувалась здебільшого запорізькими козаками з тих же малоросів,як пізніше і заселялась ними,що підтверджують переписи населення Російської імперії і СРСР.Кількість вигаданих Сталіном "русскіх" там збільшувалась вже в СРСР завдяки політиці національної і мовної сегрегації.Політика нинішього фюрера РФ лиш тому підтвердження.

[@imperitum3585]

Thanks for very interesting content about Ukraine!

[@oksanamazur2123]

Thanks a lot for another entry on Ukrainian history ❤❤

[@Dgenrias]

The only surviving poem by Hetman Mazepa, 1698. describes the Ukrainian society of the ~~20-21st~~ 17-18st century: kzbin.info/www/bejne/a2KuaqWAjtB5qK8 with eng sub

[@amendingamerica]

For a second I thought this video was discussing the current crisis and I thought Russia won lol

[@ElijahSmith]

thank you so much for another great video on history of Ukraine!

[@volodymyravramenko6685]

Great video. Thanks for good job.

[@sanjak689]

thank you for destroying the Russians

[@Lethargie55]

I think you should change your titles a bit..

[@eugenequek6797]

*early ukraine history?

[@LawlaGaming]

I think most people will get it…

[@dylanvogler2165]

Why? What other title do you want? Ruthenian? It would mean exactly the same. The name of the people changed but it is the same people.

[@Inaf1987]

Could you please make a video on the events leading upto 2014 ? There's so much disinfo spread by RT and Russia adjacent commentators.

[@KingsandGenerals]

We will eventually

[@PetroRyndych]

Thank you for sharing Ukrainian history

[@vergil7185]

Дуже класне відео, що однозначно заслуговує на вподобайку! Thank you for your documentary! Hello from Ukraine!

[@cheogwhitecastle8210]

Make a video on how USA ended Native Americans independence.

[@angusyang5917]

I believe they made a series on Tecumseh a while back.

[@pll3827]

They did a few videos two years ago - 'Seminoles - Native Americans Who Never Surrendered' and 'Tecumseh and the Native American Resistance'. They're still in the video archive.

[@Mirko1913]

Typical whataboutism of a state-sponsored Kremlin troll. Go to hell.

[@Trip-the-Sungazer]

Just can't believe that my mechanic of my grouphome, who is a Trumpist, said that Ukraine broke off from Russia in 1991 during the collapse of the Soviet Union!

[@LoneWanderer727]

Ukraine: *asks Russia to raise an army to send into Ukraine to honor their treaty and help protect Ukrainian lands* Russia: "ain't no way buddy good luck lmao" Ukraine: *independently seeks protection for its land* Russia: "bro did you really just *betray* your oath and violate the treaty? 😡😡😡😡" *raises an army to send into Ukraine*

[@tremedar]

Armenia: Something very familiar about all of this.....

[@UserUser-kz4fq]

I see some contradiction here. Cossacs were drunk warmongers, but at same time 80% of ukrainians were educated.

[@oksanamazur2123]

That's why author says that first part of your sentence is far from truth

[@UserUser-kz4fq]

@@oksanamazur2123 якщо я правильно зрозумів, то там було сказано щоо це не далеко від істини.

[@oksanamazur2123]

​@@UserUser-kz4fq this could not be further from the truth це якраз далеко від правди 😊

[@UserUser-kz4fq]

@@oksanamazur2123 отже в мене погана англійська. Дякую за пояснення.

[@samwill7259]

Maybe stop listening to propaganda about Cossacks?

[@dimanedopaka]

The official name russian empire appeared only in 1721. Before that, its name was muscovy, or the moscow kingdom but not russia, as you said. You should explore more closely.

[@WangAiHua]

It is the fake RuZZian time warp made to fool people into thinking that the Muscovian Empire always existed as RuZZia when it DIDN'T--it only existed after 1721!

[@BoredAsf-ji5rc]

@Lethargie55 So they should lie and sugarcoat to appease you

[@hvaffornoget5994]

lol 1669: Petro Doroshenko 2014: Petro Poroshenko any relations?

[@angusyang5917]

lmao

[@zacharydurocher4085]

same guy

[@mesofius]

He's been alive for 400 years

[@bardon1384]

Shouldn't Kyiv be called Kiev in this video? As far as I'm aware Ukraine renamed Kiev into Kyiv in last decade. Was it called that way during Hetmanate in 17 century?

[@KingsandGenerals]

Both are English transliterations. At that point, Russians used Киев or Киевъ, Ukrainians Київ. The word probably comes from Кий - the name of the legendary founder of the city, and both versions of the name probably mean "belonging to Кий", "of Кий".

[@WangAiHua]

No, the name was and is still Київ (Kyiv--is the Ukrainian transliteration, Kiev ---is from the RuZZian transliteration, 基輔 in Chinese transliteration).

[@ChillDudelD]

In the 17th century the Polish word Kijów was used.

[@mesofius]

It has never been called Kiev in Ukrainian, always been Kyiv, since the first mention of the founder is Kyi, so it's the city of Kyi - Kyiv

[@Iv4Bez]

@@mesofius the question wasn't about that. Russia is also not 'Rossiya' in english.

[@ttrestle]

Keep up the outstanding work regarding the current Ukraine war, and past Ukraine history. Getting to know more about Ukraine, and how awesome the Ukrainian people are has been a delight. They seem like such amazing people, and should never have been illegally, invaded by a fascist authoritarian Russian dictatorship. I support Ukraine’s continued existence as a sovereign, independent democratic nation. I look forward to your future videos on the current illegal Russian occupation and war. Really hoping that the counteroffensive starting in spring and moving through summer and potentially even fall will take back their entire country, including the stolen Crimea. Although I am worried how Russia will react if they begin losing the war or after they’ve lost the war. They tend to behave similar to some countries in the Middle East (such as Iran), or like North Korea… They seem like little children, trying to act like adults. And we all know that children can lash out when they don’t get their way.

[@oksanamazur2123]

❤ thanks for supporting Ukraine!

[@ttrestle]

@@oksanamazur2123 always! I want to go there and help rebuild after Ukraine. Drives Russia out. Ukrainians just seem like the nicest funniest people. As an American, I just want to hang out with them, help them, clean up, and help them rebuild.

[@davids5126]

Like the Americans in Vietnam. When they were unable to defeat the Vietcong in the south, they responded like angry children by massively bombing North Vietnam and Laos, killing hundreds of thousands of people. And in the end, after ten years of war, they withdrew anyway, so the result was the same.

[@ttrestle]

@@davids5126 whaaat? A conservative using whataboutism fallacious arguments? I’ve never heard of such a thing! 🤣🤦🏻‍♂️ You’d be a great Trump cultist.

[@Iv4Bez]

Crimea isn't ukranian though so it is not stolen.

[@vuksmiljic6772]

In Slavic languages the tsare of цар,car means empire.

[@WangAiHua]

Nonsense---stop babbling what you clearly don't know! Tsar is a person not a state! It was the Muscovian Empire!--Muscovy for short!---Tsardom of Muscovy means "Tsarist Empire of Muscovy"--as Tsar meant Roman Emperor (not just emperor--imperator)---Today it would be similar to saying: Presidential Federation of RuZZia---meaning the RuZZian Federation(official name)---or short--RuZZia!

[@vuksmiljic6772]

@@WangAiHua I know it was just a wraiting error Tsar is a person and Tsardome is in empire and Tsar is emperor in Slavic language as a Serbian I know in Serbia we call empir CARSTVO and emperor CAR