Beginning of the Ottoman State - Bapheus 1302 - Medieval DOCUMENTARY

[@KingsandGenerals]

Click here tiege.com/kingsandgenerals to get 30% off your first Tiege Hanley box plus a FREE gift! Also, give some love to the author of this video and subscribe to his channel if you want to learn more about the history of the Ottomans: kzbin.info

[@yaralikatil]

From what Pachymeres wrote, about the only thing we can surmise of the Turk he called Ataman is that he was a warrior. With the Sangarius (Sakarya) River raids and the victory at Bapheus, Turkish warriors came from far and wide to join him.7 Ataman laid siege to Nicaea and, though he was not able to take the city, subjected the surrounding area to raids, killing many, taking some captive, the tur ish flood 9 and scattering the rest. He did take several other fortresses and fortified towns in the Sangarius valley, using them to store his plunder. Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press., pp 8-9 Ibn Battuta claimed to have met Orhan, “the greatest of the kings of the Turkmens and the richest in wealth, lands and military forces.” Orhan “fought with the infidels continually,” and moved regularly between his more than one hundred castles, checking that they were in good repair, never staying more than a month in any one place.12 Ibn Battuta’s impression of Orhan as engaged in incessant combat is emphatically supported by Greek writers who left accounts. Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press., pp 11

[@BoraCM]

ı is pronounced as the upside-down e (schwa) in the IPA. Apart from that, I was impressed by the good pronunciations.

[@christhomson8924]

I LOVE YOU GUYS- MORE OTTOMAN VIDEOS PLEASEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE

[@williamlaurent2857]

Will you cover Alexios Philanthropenos and the byzantine Empire over the period 1261-1301 ?

[@minghan3431]

Is that how Nicea is pronounced 7:56

[@hazorg16]

Ottomans were very lucky in the sense of producing consecutive capable military leaders. Out of the first 10 Ottoman leaders 9 of them are definitely excellent marshals. Osman, Orhan, Murad I Hüdevandigar, Bayezid I the Thunderbolt, Mehmet I, Murad II, Mehmet II the Conquerer, Selim I the Grim and Suleyman I the Lawgiver have all almost exclusively dominated on the battlefield and shown high adaptability in terms of technology and administration as well. Early Ottoman dynasty is definitely an interesting family of the late middle ages.

[@Hammadz-li]

later they fucked up cuz after selim ii they stoped sending princes to provences for fear of rebelion it stopped any reblions from happening but it also meant the sultan had zero XPs in ruling

[@saadshoaib901]

Lucky? The conditions were perfect It was like they were destined to do this

[@trapzed5331]

My guy really said lucky. All the Sultans were great just because of luck :D

[@emirhank50823]

It's not luck. Ottoman Sultans were sending their sons to military trainings that named 'Sancak' also Ottoman Şehzades (Princes) were taking too good teaches about everything like languages, history, math, how to rule a country, war tactics, weapons, technology etc. So it was not luck, it was their system to theirselves.

[@firstnamelastname4249]

@@emirhank50823 yeah the first 10 Sultans were great by their own merit but shitty succession rules fear of Rebellion overreliance on their Grand vizirs and the janissaries pretty much crippled the Dynasty, I wonder sometimes what if the likes of Osman II Murad IV and Mustafa II would've done had they had a better circumstances...

[@LeoWarrior14]

Byzantines try not to start a civil war at the worst possible time for 5 minutes challenge [IMPOSSIBLE]

[@Germ_f]

lmao

[@zhcultivator]

Honestly, so true

[@WinnerNevQuitsQuitterNevWins]

😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂

[@lyonvensa]

Byzantines losing? Cue revolts against the emperor Byzantines winning? Cue people 'better then the emperor' attacking the capital

[@aaa-hr2qs]

Yeah 👍

[@aslanbayramuqlany6189]

Ertugrul and Osman story give off such Mount and Blade vibes: Enroll to serve the local King with your band of warriors Raid enemy's territory Participate in campaigns with other chiefs Be gifted some villages for your accomplishments Take your first castle and make it your base Marry your friend's daughter. Gain support from other chiefs Declare independence Start campaign to seize your first capital.

[@fatihersayn6692]

Mount and Blade is a Turkish game.

[@suluklu]

Lol did that happen in real life 🤣🤣

[@herhangibirisi_]

That's a really funny story but true.

[@syedafzaalalishah3835]

Yes dude i was thinking all the time of starting one campaign like this

[@محمديونس-7]

Actually there is a series called ( kurulus Osman) "Osman the founder" tells this story It's until now 4 season with 100 episodes

[@anglowarrior7970]

The Rise of the Ottomans is one of the most fascinating and interesting time in history, just 70 years before Genghis Khan died and his empire was divided. Which was one of the major reasons why the ottomans were able to rise as the sultanate of rum collapsed. The rise of Osman and the early ottoman expansion is very interesting to learn and then the smooth succession to Orhan his son and one of the rare instances when his brother Suleyman didn't divided the beylik among them and became the grand vizier (prime minister) reforming the ottoman military and administration is very interesting and fascinating to learn about.

[@nenenindonu]

Zengids and Eldiguzids were also Seljuk successors but didn't even come close to the glory of Ottomans, don't even need to mention the Khwarezmians since they were direct victims of the Mongol empire

[@bugday3688]

Most importantly, it was an empire that lived for the longest time.

[@anglowarrior7970]

@@bugday3688 What about the Eastern Roman Empire that lasted for more than a 1,000 years?

[@mehmetfatihcetin5932]

@@anglowarrior7970 difference is ottoman empire ruled by only one dynasty in all her life. Which is rare for any empire.

[@KainWT]

@@anglowarrior7970 I think they meant "for the longest time" as simply for a very long time. That's a saying we have in America, "He was a carpenter for the longest time." for example.

[@michaelsinger4638]

The Ottomans had A LOT of talented rulers early on. They were fortunate in this area.

[@omerfaruk6082]

First 10 consecutive Ottoman sultans were all brilliant conquerors and statesmen.

[@125discipline2]

they have to become the best. if they dont want to die.

[@torikeqi8710]

@@omerfaruk6082 They were good governors but not conquerors

[@jj-gz9xd]

@@torikeqi8710 really, was that how they had amassed such vast territories? by being bad conquerors?

[@resentfuldragon]

and A LOT of events that could be called actual miracles. Many of the most powerful empires ever (ex: romans, umayyad caliphate, mongols, etc.) had crazy coincidences and nigh impossible wins to back up their great leaders.

[@aasemahsan]

2:06 Before the Ottomans 4:32 The Kayi tribe 6:14 Ertugrul under Seljuk sultan Kayqubad I 9:20 Osman Gazi's leadership & expansions into Byzantine territory of Bithynia 13:29 Declaration of independence from the Seljuks after Sultan Konya's capture 14:35 Thrashing the Byzantines 15:36 Battle of Bapheus (first major victory) July 27, 1302

[@hiddenhist]

Weird comment, but being able to see the increase in video quality, editing, etc over time has been something of an honor. You don't exactly see it as it happens, but comparing this video to videos from just a couple of years ago... man. Thanks K&G, keep doing what you do.

[@memorymeme51]

I thought the same aswell

[@freddekl1102]

Have to hand it to them, current quality of both animation and in-depth information is amazing. But I don't like all that they currently start 10 different documentaries and finish like 3

[@sidp5381]

@@freddekl1102 I agree with the statement unfortunately I don’t know why they’re restarting the Ottoman series they finished all the way up to the long Turkish war they should finish it all the way until the first world war including the wars with Russia and the great Turkish war as well and then go back and redo this that’s what makes more sense

[@AlhamduTV1]

Ertugrul and Osman both were ambitious. They stuck to their goals. Then comes Murad. He is mind-blowing...

[@IEllanie]

Incredible quality. This channel has become one one the best when it comes to the animated history. Keep up the excellent work. Thank you for all this.

[@IronpenWorldbuilding]

It’s really cool seeing these conquests happening on a fort by fort basis rather than on a larger scale. I wish there was a strategy game that worked on these scales. Edit: To the people who recommended Mount and Blade 2: Bannerlord I appreciate you. I got the game and it is exactly what I’m looking for.

[@matpesot9903]

Agreed....it's strangely more satisfying

[@ArcAngle1117]

That's what I was thinking. Both points actually. I've seen plenty of videos about Ottoman history but they always brush over this Era. I'm glad to finally see a more in-depth documentary. To the second point, I was imagining how bad ass a Mount and Blade Bannerlord mod set in this time period would be.

[@IronpenWorldbuilding]

@@ArcAngle1117 Yeah, conquering an area for your dynasty town by town with strategic battles would be way cooler than conquering an entire kingdom in one stroke with battles decided by more troops or better knights.

[@jgwebb1o1]

Mount and Blade might be what you're looking for

[@mitjed]

You can play the game medieval total war 2 as an early Ottoman warlord battling the Byzantines

[@muratevren2857]

For etymology enthusiasts: the word "tekfur" comes from the Middle Armenian word "tagvor/թագւոր" (in Modern Arm. "թագավոր/tagavor") which means "king", literally “crown bearer”. In the early Ottoman period, the word was used especially for the Byzantine governors and princes.

[@rafaelingarov9239]

The word "tekfur" originated from Turkic language and Low German (Low-Saxon) . "Tek" comes from Turkic meaning "entirely", "exclusively" and "Fur" comes from Low German Fürst (king/prince). The word Tekfur means the ONLY KING.

[@smavi4133]

@@rafaelingarov9239 sounds like horseshit. In all those years I have been reading into turkish and ottoman etymology, I never EVER encountered a word particle that originated from low-german. There's an influx of high-german (not low german) military terms into turkish in the late 19th century, but that's about it when it comes to german influence into turkish. But this explanation doesn't stop there - this obscure etymological particle that is nowhere else used in turkish, is, for whatever reason, combined with a turkic word. Turkic words and particles which survived into modern turkish language are very old, basic and "archaic" terms that are shared throughout turkic speaking regions, and thus predate even Arabic and Persian loanwoards. And this almost prehistoric syllable/word "tek" is now (13th century) combined with a title (Fürst) that gains its political significance as late as the the early modern age? BTW: the explanation of op is also the official one accepted within turkish literature.

[@apostolispouliakis7401]

Yeah I was about to write that not only is that not Greek in origin but also that it is not an official title ever given by the Emperor

[@aaronmarks9366]

If the meaning is "crown bearer", then it sounds like the Armenian tag(a)- element is related to Persian tâj (crown) while the -vor element is related to Greek -phor (to bear)

[@muratevren2857]

​@@aaronmarks9366 Exactly Aaron! Persian "taj" is directly used in Modern Turkish as "taç" (ç gives "ch" sound), meaning "crown". Armenian "vor" comes from Proto Indo-European "bher" meaning "to bear, carry" and this means that it is cognate with Greek "phor" (as you have noticed), Latin "fer" (as in Lucifer, refer, confer etc.), English "to bear", Persian "بار/bar" (meaning "burden, load"). Since you have recognized Persian "taj", I suppose you may be familiar with Persian language, then you may know Persian word "باردار/bardar" which means "pregnant", literally meaning "burden carrying (person)", once again showing us cognate relation between Armenian "vor" and Persian "bar" :) I'm no expert in etymology, just an amateur showing off his knowledge in every opportunity :)

[@ArcAngle1117]

This is a series I'm excited for. The Ottomans are one of the most interesting Empires in history.

[@محمديونس-7]

There is a turkish drama series called ( kurulus Osman) which talk about the story of the birth of the ottomans ( kurulus osman/ osman the founder) Until now it's 100 episodes Divided into 4 seasons

[@Southie]

@@محمديونس-7 I have watched that show and even though it's a good show, there are too many cheap approaches being made in terms of battles, especially in the 4th and 5th season. Majority of the castles that have been conquered are identical to one and other (maybe it's because the architecture could have been similar at the time, due to the geographical distances between each city/castle), and the Battle of Bapheus was a massive disappointment. Instead of showing a proper battle, the director somehow turned it into a beach fight, and then a forest fight sequence with less than 50 soldiers involved. It's more disappointing when you realise that they put more effort into some less known battle at the start of the second season, which was showcased properly, instead of such an important historically battle. They didn't even show the Battle of Dimbos lmao. Of course, when it comes to castle conquests, you can't expect to see every fort get conquered in the show, but the director missed out on conquering forts like Yarshisar, Karacahisar, and the conquests in season 4 and 5 were a joke, including the conquest of Kopruhisar, Lefke, Kestel, which were poorly made and looked as if they had barely any resistance. Not to mention that in the first season, the conquest of Kulucahisar was done historically incorrect in terms of the date of when it happened and because it was a day raid, instead of a night one. Though they did get the surprise attack part right, which is good. I really hope that at least more effort is going to be put into the conquest of Bursa, otherwise all this watching will just turn into a big disappointment.

[@MohamedAli-xu3uw]

​@@SouthieWill an Orhan show be done after Osman?

[@Southie]

@@MohamedAli-xu3uw Most likely, yes

[@MrZero12132]

Finally kings and general covered the origins of the Ottomans. There is a very long tv series known as ertugral for those interested that covers this too in more detail. Though I would say this short video has sufficient information regarding this topic.

[@maddogbasil]

The ottoman history on this channel is truly superb Its unbelievable that modern history classes barely teach about this empire in schools when its history was so world changing

[@AlpArslanTheSeljuk]

In Germany we mostly have Egyptian and Roman history. And then only WW2 and post WW2.

[@assyriancrusader3760]

@@AlpArslanTheSeljuk in Australia in year 8 i learned about vikings and year 10 Russia revaluation and ww1 and ww2.

[@anglowarrior7970]

In India, we only learn about the Indian empires and not even any interesting things because they don't talk about wars very less or not at all till class 8, in class 9 it's the most interesting where we learn about the French Revolution, the Russian Revolution and the Rise of Hitler and Nazism and that's it 😢

[@yrlikng5767]

@@AlpArslanTheSeljuk Thats the problem with schools. If you just teach about ww2 and stuff like that, without teaching other important things like how it came to these wars, execuse my language but nobody aint learning sh*t. I think not learning Worlds history but instead learning so much unnecessary stuff is a big issue. This genarationnis dumb af and its getting worse

[@AlpArslanTheSeljuk]

@@yrlikng5767 when I asked my teacher why we don't learn about the ottomans, he got angry with me lol. Also the stuff we learned about WW2 wasn't always historically accurate.

[@phelinx623]

Wow the amount of research that is done for this video is simply amazing. And your Turkish pronunciations are not bad. Keep up the great work!

[@fmk10]

As a Turk I find your video absolutely amazing. It really fascinating to see how my ancestors spread on this lands and grow to world. It’s just their baby time (: Go ahead I am waiting next chapters soon please. Thank you.

[@emperornapoleon6204]

Your Ottoman videos, as with the others, are unmatched! I am excited to see this series continue. Truly tremendous how the quality of your videos has evolved. Admirable work!

[@azimusshanmahir1390]

true

[@iSchneeball]

How far you have come since your Nurrik & Phoenix days. The intro back then with the epic music with the book opening and each page saying famous battles you had covered is what first capured me. I am so glad to feel the exact same childlike excitement when you now release videos. And just look at the beautiful quality you've accomplished. I wish you the best of luck, kings and generals!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks for being with us!

[@yaman169]

@@KingsandGenerals Ottoman principality" Osman Gazi Ottoman state Yıldırım Bayezid Ottoman empire "brutal Sultan Selim

[@onurkaradeniz569]

I learn more about the Ottomans on this channel than I have in my junior high and high school history lessons combined.

[@blademanx]

Great timing! Finished Ertugrul series in 4 months. Now watching Osman. This gives a good overall explanation of whats happening!

[@ilhamiata769]

those series are not that close to actual history

[@fatihbey7398]

Boş yapma tarihimiz doğru bizim kansız

[@oblamovadvanced5956]

@@ilhamiata769 it is a drama after all. it does not have to be accurate like a documentary for the god sake...

[@nenenindonu]

623 years of which 4 centuries consisted of expanding over 3 continents, rivaling entire European coalitions for centuries, spreading influence from Indonesia to Iceland, ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of the Roman Empire in 1453, triggering the Age of Exploration, and much more all this from a small Beylik, the Ottoman empire left a huge mark in history...

[@liukang3545]

yeah but they can burn in hell, they were extremely genocidal, HAIL VLAD TEPES!

[@TheTokkie]

entire European coalitions lol the French were big buddies with the Ottomans because they were both against the Austrian Hungarian empire and the Habsburgers

[@darklight8338]

@@TheTokkie yet on many occasions they fought the ottomans alongside everyone else in Europe in there crusades

[@nenenindonu]

@@TheTokkie France was opposing the Ottomans prior to the 1500's and led the Crusade of Nicopolis. The Holy League was made up of several interchangeable European nations ; Spain, Portugal, Russia, Genoa, Papal states, HRE, Venice, etc

[@mputilin]

From the positive side... and from the negative? Left the whole skull pyramids in the Balkans and Greece. Though there was no other way for you to rule over us but through use of such cruelty.

[@omeryucel7888]

Turkish historian Halil İnalcık says about Osman: Osman is a Turkish knight, that is, "Alp", not an ordinary sword-wielding militia. He is a master at using bows, arrows, spears, swords and horses. He is a strong warrior like his father Ertugrul. His comrades are also Alps. He personally fought in dozens of wars against Byzantium and Mongols. This is perhaps the biggest difference from the Ottoman sultans after him. Mehmet, Suleiman, Selim are great leaders, but their ancestor Osman is both a leader and a warrior. And it is not correct to draw him as an overweight religious scholar with a big beard, turban, in representational drawings, it would be more logical to draw him on a horse with his sword.

[@alperenlive]

Osmanlı geleneğinde çok zayıf hükümdarlar bile kilolu ve iri yapılı olarak resmedilmişti çünkü kilolu görünmenin heybet kattığına dair bir inanış vardır.

[@kerimcan7011]

The concept of Alp in Turkic culture is ignored, just like the Mongolian concept of Baatir. Alps and Baatirs were favorite warriors of the steppe lords. What distinguished them from ordinary nomadic horsemen was their armor, their lance, and their prowess in battle. Kul Tigin is the best example of an Alp.

[@torikeqi8710]

Does he have any facts that Osman was not fat? Looks like a myth to me.

[@reinerbraun5229]

@@torikeqi8710 The painting of Osman is just a representative descrpition. It is made at 19 th century by Konstantin Kapıdağlı (Konstandinos Kizikinos) . Just one sultan, II. Mehmed's painting is the real description of him that made by Gentile Bellini at 15. Century

[@313asm]

He was not a religious scholar, but was very religious and married to the daughter of his spiritual mentor. Keep your hatred for pious people with yourself, Mr. Kemalist.

[@nenenindonu]

The rise of Ottomans is similar to that of Muscovite, the two started as regional underdogs overshadowed by potentially greater regional dynasties like the Karamanids - Germiyanids and Novgorod - Lithuania respectively, yet both against all the odds managed to emerge as the actual champions

[@lerneanlion]

I thought I was the only one who noticed this. Thank you for sort of pointing out and agreeing about this with me!

[@sidp5381]

Yeah then the Russian empire completely demolished the ottoman empire and several battles took massive swaps of territory from them crippled and beyond repair before they finally collapsed the Russia had a lost the Crimean war ottoman empire would’ve fell in 1853

[@sidp5381]

Especially after the devastating battle of Sinope it looked like the turks were finished

[@nenenindonu]

@@sidp5381 "Then" = 5 centuries after the establishment of both which includes the Russian Tsardom that succeeded Muscovite and preceded the Russian empire

[@nenenindonu]

@Milošević in hell Ottomans were 3-continental and ruled better lands like the Mediterranean also "Russia" wasn't a continuous entity being divided among Muscovite, the Tsardom, and the Empire

[@fsdds1488]

*Being foreign traveller *Forms warband and joins a local power *Capture and awarded village for your service *Break off when your overlord weakened by fighting invaders *Proceed to form own faction and built a great empire A true mount and blade experience.

[@nech1]

btw, Mount and Blade made by Turkish game company

[@ufem2159]

exactly :D

[@yaralikatil]

Ibn Battuta and Ibn Khaldun were also really important sources about early Ottomans

[@ayonhasan9287]

Muhiuddin ibn arabi mentioned about Osman khelafa in 1230.

[@sindeeeed]

@@ayonhasan9287 Osman was born in around 1250s

[@oblamovadvanced5956]

@@sindeeeed he means, ibn arabi foreseen it.

[@oblamovadvanced5956]

also for early turks*

[@batuhankara396]

@@sindeeeed This importent İbn Arabi

[@CaspianNomad]

I know they're not the focus of this video but it never ceases to amaze me how strong the Mongols were and how much they changed the tides of history directly and indirectly

It was literally the age of steppe nomads. From Mongols to Seljuks, and even the Ottomans. What made Ottoman success more permanent was that, they were smart enough to learn how to play "city dwellers' game"

[@omerfaruk6082]

I am impressed by your correct pronounciation of many Turkish names, such as "söğüt", "domaniç" etc.

[@RoboticDragon]

Nice, redoing the Ottoman Empire series? I am down for it. Your Ottoman series was amazing the first time through, I learned so much.

[@velvet-ambiance]

Same

[@systemreset9410]

Age of Empires 2's one expansion has Battle of Bapheus as a single battle on the battles list. I actually just had played it about a month ago. Thank you Kings and Generals! I had read a book about the establishing of the Ottomans in around 2003. This sparked that memory. I especially remember the night raid, Michal and the dream part.

[@xenofonmitsalas8905]

Very interesting video about a very interesting period. Battles of Bapheus and Dimbos marked the beginning of the byzantine-ottoman conflicts. I am looking forward to watching the next episodes for that period. I am vert curious to watch how your channel can cover the Catalan Company expedition in Asia Minor and the byzantine intrigues that turned Catalans against them, capturing the duchy of Athens. Besides that, continue your great work of videos!!

[@mertzileli7691]

Each of the names of 6 descendants of Oguz Kagan has a unique meaning of its own. Günhan (Lord of Sun), Ayhan (Lord of Moon), Yıldızhan (Lord of Star), Gökhan (Lord of Sky), Dağhan (Lord of mountain), Denizhan (Lord of sea)

[@YoxiiPlz]

I just checked on the video but you do it even better than the Turkish youtubers! Good quality and everything is true information. keep it up!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@Mokhtar-al-Thaqafi]

Osman was one of the smartest man among his time. He politcally turned the Byzantine Tekfurs against each other, evaded war with other Türkish tribes and hired warriors from all races,castes and religions. Once again another masterpiece by Kings And Generals

[@ejayaziz470]

He was the greatest sultan of osmanli .. Real gazi and hunkar

[@Mokhtar-al-Thaqafi]

@Ottoman & Osmanlı edit evyallah

[@Mokhtar-al-Thaqafi]

@@vandare6913 What's your point? My ancestors were Türks

[@akinci6355]

@@vandare6913 European source, American source, more European sources and trash DNA testing using small sample sizes that contain Cricassian, Kurdish, Bosnian and other non Turk but Turkish citizens samples. We don't use Ottoman sources to define European history. So stick to the Ottoman primary source's when talking about Turkish history. Muslim historians described the Europeans as cowardly, unwashed or cuckolds in many writings should we use that to define European history?

[@yaralikatil]

@@vandare6913 “Turkey in Europe,” “European Turkey,” and la Turquie d'Europe began to be used by the Ottomans and in Western Europe in the sixteenth century and became standard around the mid-eighteenth century. Miškova, D. and Trencsényi, B., n.d. European regions and boundaries. p.143. The traumatic element of Greek national identity is reinforced in memories of Ottoman rule known as the 'Turkish yoke'. HALIKIOPOULOU, D., 2019. PATTERNS OF SECULARIZATION. [Place of publication not identified]: ROUTLEDGE. Five hundred years of Ottoman rule (or “the Turkish yoke” as commonly heard in Bulgaria), which ended with the Russian-Ottoman war, have intensely marked the Bulgarian consciousness. Forte, M., n.d. Force multipliers. p.151. Hamish Scott (2015). The Oxford Handbook of Early Modern European History, 1350-1750: Volume II. p. 612. ISBN 9780191020001."The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" In that same year, Luther was traveling from Wittenberg to Marburg. It is well known that the Turkish threat to the "Holy Roman Empire" was an important topic between Luther and his friend and collaborator Philip Melanchthon. In that year, prior to the Siege of Vienna, Luther published two small treatises: Vom Kriege widder die Türcken and Eine Heerpredigt wider den Türcken. The Europeans called Suleiman "the Magnificent" or "the Great Turk." while the Muslims preferred to characterise him as "Suleiman the Lawgiver" because he harmonized the religious laws of the shari'a with those of the sultan." According to a Tischrede in Wittenberg. Luther had learned that Suleiman was interested in him and had inquired about his age. When the sultan had been informed of this, he is reported to have said: "Pity. I wish he were even younger. He would find in me a gracious protec tor: Luther sighed were when he heard this and made the sign of the cross. "May God protect me from such a generous benefactor, he quipped."" European Christianity was extremely divided internally and therefore could Wessels, A., Jansen, H. and Jansen-Hofland, L., n.d. The grand finale. p.85. Bologna through the Christian courts of Europe in 1460-61 / 864-66 to drum up support for yet another crusade against the " Grand Turk ” in Istanbul.4 Thus did the name of Uzun Hasan , the “ Little Turk , ” first become known in Poland, Hungary, the Hapsburg Empire, Venice, Rome, Florence, France, and Burgundy. Woods, J., 1999. The Aqquyunlu. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, p.89. "The Turk came upon us as a rapacious marauder," Kolokotronis said. "He put to death some of our people and made slaves of others, but when our King in Constantinople fell in battle, he made no treaty with the Turks but left a bequest bidding his people carry on the war. His garrison has never given up and his fortresses have never capitulated." The Hour of the Bell: A Novel of the 1821 Greek War of Independence Against the Turks. Paperback - August 1, 2001 by Harry Mark Petrakis (Author) p.185 When the Turks overran Hungary ( 1532 ) , and threatened Vienna and Germany , Sachs published a poem of two sheets , “ Against the Bloodthirsty Turk . ” Lives of the leaders of our church universal : from the days of the successors of the Apostles to the present time Vol: 1 1879 [Hardcover] Hardcover - January 1, 1879 by Dr. Ferdinand and Henry Mitchell MacCracken Piper (Author) p.295

[@socratesii91]

When Ottoman empire at the tip of collapse, Sultan Mehmed save and won it after 10 years, this guy just incredible.

[@danielnita2072]

Didn't think I'd ever see a video mentioning Ertugrul, I want to take a moment to recommend the historical turkish shows Resurrection: Ertugrul and Establishment: Osman.

[@salmannadeem2827]

Please never stop! I feel genuinely grateful for such quality content! As a recommendation, it would be great if you made a series on Andalusia’s life and discoveries and governing etc. during muslim rule and the impact of that on people in Europe and the spanish themselves.

[@Ulas_Aldag]

20:34 Seeing the ottomans so small compared to Byzantium. To think how they would incorporate the entirety of all those territories a few centuries later is just astonishing.

[@thesaygl7020]

I'd like to thank you cause of you showed origins of Kayı Tribe. Oğuz Kağan Epopee is very important point for Old Turkic History.

[@KHK001]

Amazing! a remake to the Ottoman series thank you KnG!

[@CrimeanHorseArcher]

Söğüt was captured in 1231, next try for retake by Greece was failed in 1922. However the bulletholes are still there on the steel windows of the tomb of Ertuğrul Gazi

[@nech1]

The British had told the Greeks many times to desecrate cultural, historical Turkish artifacts and monuments. I believe thaat was the case with the tomb as well

[@resentfuldragon]

@@nech1 Isn't it funny that many, if not most, of the problems generated by a single nation in the modern era was britains fault. Their actions later caused the chain of events that led to the palestine-israel problem, the ogaden and shifta wars in somalia, the iraqi-kuwait disputes, and more. All the ones I mentioned were caused due to terrible borders and many false promises made to different nations. In somalia's case it was especially grevious because most of the nation was lost, the modern state of somala only has a portion of its ethnic land despite 2 those other parts attempting to join it democratically numerous times.

[@calidone7661]

seljuk sultans of rum (turkıye) were cousins of Great Seljuk sultans and were from same dynasty. There were other Turkish sultanates/beyliks as well.

[@The_Corporal]

From Turkey, Great Video! Thanks King of Generals

[@Liquidsback]

Ah, the rise of Osman this would be good to watch from my couch, but if only I had something to put my feet up as I lay here. But as far as I know, no piece of furniture exists....

[@KingsandGenerals]

Because of the people like you, they will force us to use Turkiye instead of Turkey and Osman instead of Ottoman :D

[@Liquidsback]

@@KingsandGenerals Turkiye only changed its name because its feared the namesake was too close to the terrible Avian Empire ruled by the Gobble Dynasty.

[@123telamon]

There is a TV show about Osman. the name is Kurulus Osman.

[@ozkanboyraz7626]

Thanks for the video Kings and Generals, looking forward for the next episode

[@Spacer-l3j]

I'm from Romania however when i used to take the national exam test i took private history classes to pass the history exam. Surely it didn't was about Ottoman Empire but everytime after the history lessons ended he used to tell me extra things I didn't know such as Ottomans used special weapons like armed hoursemen with hooks dragging enemies from the battle lol this must be a very painful death. Also he told me many of the Wallchian rullers we're raised by the Sultan to be loyal and pay tribute once they we're assigned to rule a wallachian province. One of them is Vlad the Impaler surely he choose not to pay later and attack turks but he didn't do much of damage in the long term. Being raised by the Sultan he knew how to fight Ottomans and that was not by face to face but surprise attacks from the woods. After many many wallachian rulers revolted against the Sultan he decided to replace them with greek fanariots to be more loyal

[@maperdiole]

@whataboutism5439 vlad was half dacian(the dudes from the roman empire times) and cuman turk was another half or could be quarter

[@lerneanlion]

So the Romans did respond to the conquests launched by the Turks. They just failed to do it properly. I cannot actually balme them since they were also worrying about another possible Sack of Constantinople from the West as well. Speaking of which, that's reminded me why they continued to appeal for helps from the Pope and the Western European nations so many times after what happened in 1204.

[@Montechristoss]

They did respond but by that was too little too late they tried several times but the civil strife of the mid 14th century was a disaster the one part even promised lands to the ottomans in Thrace and makedon for military support futhermore the rise of the Serbians was another issue the Italian republics managed all trade and last but not least the incompetent emperors such as andronikos II the ruler of the video fortunately they were some capable emperors that gave some time to the empire such as andronikos the third and john katakouzinos

[@Montechristoss]

@ali did l say in my comment anything about the Catalan company ? no and yes l know that helped the ottomans by ravaging lands of the people who hired them

[@RichardEdwards40]

@@Montechristoss the byzantines committed suicide by inviting turks into europe to fight in their civil war. the turks ravaged byzantine thrace and took many slaves during that time. Byzantines also invited turks into anatolia to gaerison cities before manzikert. I dont know why they never learned..

[@SubcontinentHistory01]

All your videos are great but Ottoman Empire and Crusades series videos are very rare ⚔️🔥

[@yaralikatil]

Hi bro❤

[@bladeray1014]

Kings and generals have such quality content! Keep it up!

[@nukeboynez3648]

As a turk, I am astonished at how accurately you explained the origin of the ottoman dynasty. Even most turk nowadays don't have this vast knowledge.

[@waleed8530]

bruh, I showed Suliman the Magnificent to a young Turk and didn't know him.

[@Euzuner41]

@@waleed8530 yeah we have that kind of young people

[@nech1]

@@Euzuner41 Nasil oluyu oyle bisey haha.

[@azizbey4334]

Just mentioning this,Ertugrul's father's real name is Kunduz Alp not Suleyman Shah. It has been found in coins dating back to the period of sultan Orhan. It's unknown why the name suleiman Shah has been chosen for him. Most claim that this is another way of proving Ottoman legitimacy,by trying to trace their lineage to Suleyman Shah the conqueror of Anatolia during Seljuk times. But the actual reason is in fact unknown.

[@hugokappes4077]

The Turkish made shows , Erturgrul and then Osman are totally worth watching,,

[@stevelemuel9820]

wonderful job kings and generals .......keep up the good work ...also please make a video on the life of the unkown belisarius of the palaiologan era.......michael doukas glabas tarchanieotes.....also make videos on the lifes of john palaiologos,alexios philaphtropenos,michael tarchanieotes ....would be very helpful

[@fero5519]

Bazı batılılar Türkleri kötü gösteriyor. Siz tarafsız ve doğru şekilde anlatıyorsunuz. İmparatorluk varisleri çalışmanızı takdir ediyor. 🇹🇷 Ertuğrul'un babası tartışmalı bir konudur. Çoğu tarihçi Süleyman değil Gündüz Alp olduğunu söyler.

[@Ibrah656]

That background Ottomans music from "19:40 " is so legendary 😌

[@Yauufcetin]

Its from civilizations 6

[@hassaanalisiddiqui3827]

I want this series to continue all the way to the end

[@sethralavode3052]

:( i was so invested about the expansions i was really suprised and sad when the video ended suddenly.

[@risboturbide9396]

Amazing channel! Thank you to everyone involved! 🍻🍻

[@MichaelSmith-ij2ut]

As an Ottoman Beylik myself I'm delighted to see a video on my original conquest

[@roflcopter804]

I wish you'd put your Ottoman history playlist in chronological order.

[@lawandahiru4064]

This is the video that I have been waiting for, I really want to know how this nomadic turkic tribe turn out to be the must successful empire in all of the turks history. And also Ottoman Empire is one of the greatest Empire in Islamic history. Thank you for uploading this Video, keep on doing good 👍. I request of you to do a video on the ancient Korean dynasties such as : Gojoseon, Goguryeo, Beakje Shilla. e.t.c, as well as the history of the Franks and how they managed to conquered and ruled France.

[@huseyincobanoglu531]

Great documentary. Thank you Kings and Generals Team!

[@muratlokmanoglu]

Prof. Dr. Halil İnalcık's Ottoman History is one of the most reliable sources. I think you also benefit from it.

[@waic1639]

History is very interesting to me, I love learning about them. Thanks for making the video! 😎

[@realhashimdiab]

You should also do the Ghazwa battles of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW)

[@saadktiwana5559]

Much needed topic. Thank you.

[@Nomadictroll]

In the west the Seljuq invasion of Asia Minor began the process which was to make it the modern land of the Turks and the base from which the greatest Islamic empire of the past 600 years would expand into southeast Europe . MacEachern, S., 2010. The new cultural atlas of the Islamic world. p.32.

[@ozgurisik7133]

Actually newly Turkic state, Ottomans, was founded as a Balkan State, you will probably see in the next episodes. Osman and his followers focused on expanding towards to the Balkans and Thrace, made decisions according to that politically and strategically. Lack of a regional power in the Balkans for resistance helped them so much. Being far from Mongol threat and Ottomans raiding activities to the Christian provinces help them to be a center of attraction for Muslim warriors.

[@johnmaulana7027]

Little correction is not Osman who led Ottoman to Europe but his Son Orhan. Osman die not long before fall of Bursa (prusa)

[@Ryzexus]

bro kings and generals never disappointed me with their videos and now there back with another magnificent ottomen series

[@average.user_]

Phenomenal work and presentation.

[@bulez0]

muhteşem anlatım ve muhteşem araştırma, teşekkürler

[@hassaanalisiddiqui3827]

Finally a new series on the ottoman empire has begun

[@somerandomstudent988]

12:06 another version of the story was that Ertugrul (Osman's father) was the one who had that dream. In his dream, there were him and his teacher. A light came out of his teacher's chest and entered Ertugrul's chest. Then a huge tree sprouted from his chest. He woke up and told his teacher. His teacher said that Ertugrul's descendants would rule the world. Ertugrul would marry his teacher's daughter and Osman was born.

[@yaman169]

No Osman Gazi

[@torikeqi8710]

Ertugrul was an unknown man for whom 0 documents exist.

[@zen2557]

@@torikeqi8710 Nope there is a metal money that has been printed in the name of Ertugrul.

[@video-adam]

I'm looking forward for the next episode,Thanks for the video Kings and Generals

[@gluetreeofthenobleturkishh2022]

I don't think Osman's grandfather's name was Suleiman. Because Osman, son of Ertugrul, son of Gunduz, is written on a coin found in Osman's period. In order to establish a connection with the Seljuks, the name of Osman's grandfather must have tried to resemble Suleiman Shah, son of Kutalmis, the founder of the Anatolian Seljuk State.

[@cba2make1up]

I've seen that even a member of the Ottoman "royal family" today, a certain Orhan who's a descendant of Abdulhamid II, insists that Ertugrul was the son of Gunduz Alp. So I'll honestly go with the family's gut

[@muzaffernurullah9811]

Hocam ağzına sağlık. Dediğin gibi Ertuğrul Gazi'nin babası Süleyman Şah değil, Gündüz Alp'tir. Osman Gazi döneminden kalma sikkeler bile bunu gösterdi.

[@herhangibirisi_]

@@cba2make1up Yes the father of the Ertuğrul was Gündüz Alp/Begh. But the name Suleiman is his nick name as the leader of Kayi Tribe. In Turkish History books he named as (Suleiman Shah).and the name Suleiman is a meaningful name in Islam. In islam there is a prophet who live long long ago and named Suleiman. And prophet Suleiman was a king who his kingdom given from god (Allah) to him.

[@herhangibirisi_]

@ali Of course a Turkish tribe. The Kayi tribe one of the Oghuz tribes. Oghuz tribes has 2 boy's (boy mean branch in Turkish) as BOZOK and ÜÇOK. And Kayi Tribe was in the GÜNHAN boy. And GÜNHAN boy is in the BOZOK boy.They go Middle Asia to Anatolia. (Oghuz> Bozok> Günhan> Kayi> Karakeçililer > Ottomans)

[@herhangibirisi_]

@ali WHAT?!

[@farazaltaf1421]

A history student from Pak 🇵🇰 Special Thanks to you

[@Fornacis69]

Can you do a video at some point over the avars since you have one of the Huns and khazars ? I feel like it would be really interesting video

[@chibble3591]

Let’s go been waiting for this series

[@MCMLXXXVICCXII]

10:33 Ayos Nicholayos = İnegöl, it must be the town's name not the leaders' name. 11:00 Kalanos = Karaca, again the same thing. Town's name given as the commander's or Tekfur's name. Such small tribes were hiring by the local governors of Rome as sell swords so their loyality was questionable but not a big threat. In the beginning, so called ''Osman''s presence and actions, seen as a local dispute between local governors of Rome not as a independent venture. Osman's ability of intelligence, combined armies and coalesence with the local Tekfur's, such as ''Michael'' at 13:09, could be considered as a smoking gun of this view. We'll continue to see this patern up until the Murad I. After Murad I, this ''collaborative'' patern sits on a track as a state policy and leads the creation of ''Yeniçeri Ocağı'' and finds its place.

[@Mrshadboy]

This is awesome man!

[@isjdj3293]

There 2 great TV series about this, the first one called Dirilis Erturgl abou the migration and the second, Kurulus Osman about how Osman Established his empire.

[@idk-yk3xo]

@@parasf2984 osmanonline

[@balintlaszlo8673]

Extraordinary work that you are doing! Keep it up🙏🏻🙏🏻

[@cba2make1up]

It was interesting to be able to recognize some of the names and the events that were shown in the two series "Resurrection: Ertuğrul" and "Establishment: Osman" It's a bit of a relief to know they didn't go with complete fiction in the making of both series, although they mostly still are of course. They're a great watch nonetheless, highly recommended! And thank you K&G for another excellent documentary, can't wait for more!

[@sagaramskp]

Where can I watch Establishment: Osman

[@cba2make1up]

​@@sagaramskp All 3 seasons in Turkish are available on KZbin, but I'm not aware of versions with subtitles or dubbing in other languages, except in Arabic which you can watch on "Noor Play".

[@sagaramskp]

@@cba2make1up thank u bro

[@oblamovadvanced5956]

@@bzbxzhdb4656 it is drama after all, not a documentary.

[@nohandlenotme]

I subscribed to comment, your channel helps with the education of history, I only have high expectations for this channel, I know you won't disappoint. I look forward to more videos.

[@boqork]

True gentlemen watch videos on Balkan history to make more accurate inflaming KZbin comments

[@KingsandGenerals]

Tru. Flame them where it hurts the most, deep cuts only.

[@iskambillordu]

@@KingsandGenerals goofy aah generals

[@Potatocius]

Lmfao 😂😂😂

[@resentfuldragon]

@@iskambillordu You mean based generals, insults are an art that should be done after intense research.

[@Jesse_Dawg]

Love this series. Please more

[@alexo2235]

Western (north-western) Anatolia has been the core territory for so many empires, vital for their existence. Having it as a main territory allowed Byzantines to remain a great Mediterranean power despite losing almost everything during arab conquests. Keeping it allowed Byzantines to see resurgence of their power during Macedonian and Komnenian dynasties. Exactly here was located Nicene Empire that restored Byzantine Empire. Once Byzantines lost control of this region, their fate was decided. And exactly from here Ottomans began creating their magnificent state.

[@ArcAngle1117]

@Souleiman the Great The Ottomans considered themselves the Roman Empire. So they wouldn't have claimed the title "Destroyer of Rome" but more likely "Restorer of Rome".

[@blackhorse113]

The channel I love to listen history 💜 keep going dude u r doing good 🙂

[@beachboy0505]

Excellent video 📹 All great Empires have to start somewhere. King 🤴 Charles 2nd was given a small island called Bombay by the Portuguese as a dowry. The Duke of Moscow asked the Mongols if he could collect the money 💰 from the surrounding slavic nations as a rent collector. The rest is history

[@cnw6306]

Wow this is what i waiting for, but i'm not expect this !! Thanks, K&G. You are the best !! 😁

[@puchy110]

Will this series stop at the rise or peak of the Ottoman Empire or are we planning on going until the Turkish War of Independence? A series on the decline of the empire would be cool, and it’s a very underrated part of history.

[@sidp5381]

I think they specifically said that this series would end with Mehmed the second conquest of Constantinople to be honest the original he didn’t do that I’ve been following this channel since 2017 they did everything conquest of Constantinople Varna crusade the battle of Kosovo both of them as well as Nicopolis they did everything all the way up onto Lepanto and then they kind of went dead for two years did a serious on the long Turkish war they have yet to do the collapsing part which is even more exciting personally for me especially because the great Turkish war had some of the best battles in history the battle of Vienna the battle of Zenta and of course the massive wars that the Ottomans fight against Russia that always ended up being lost they lost massive swans of territory against the Russian emperors before it was the Byzantine emperor what was the Ottoman sultans bitch now it is the opposite the Ottoman sultan becomes the Russian emperors bitch The humiliation that the Ottoman sultan would receive at the hands of the Russian czar will be to no end

[@Polo-rn8ly]

@@sidp5381 Well.. Russia pretty much domianted 1770 - 1917 but lost all gains in 1991. Only crimea is still in russia but wait. . Ukraine says it is mine and they are doing pretty good in battlefiled, don't they?

[@puchy110]

@@sidp5381 the furthest they got was the Portuguese Ottoman war but now it seems like they’ve gone back to remake old videos. Tbh, after the Battle of Lepanto, the ottomans lost all their momentum going into Europe, and they were on the back foot since then. I guess they could talk about the Zaydi War in Yemen, or the multiple failures they had in trying to bring Yemen to heel, or their numerous wars with the Persians that ended in stalemate. I genuinely want to see them go into detail on how the sick man of Europe caught his cold in the first place.

[@ChasinOneTwelve]

@@sidp5381 dude why you taking it so personally?

[@Tamerlane_]

Military operation of 1308 Byzantine Emperor Andronicus II gave a daughter in marriage to Oljeitu and asked the Ilkhan's assistance against growing the power of the Ottomans. In 1305, Oljeitu promised his father in law 40,000 men, and in 1308 dispatched 30,000 men to recover many Byzantine towns in Bithynia and the Ilkhanid army crushed a detachment of Osman I. I. Heath, Byzantine Armies: AD 1118-1461, pp. 24-33.

[@yaralikatil]

Tourkia (Greek: Τουρκία) may refer to: • Turkey, a country in southeastern Europe and western Asia o The name of Turkey in modern Greek o The name of the Ottoman Empire in medieval and early modern Greek • Tourkia (Khazaria) ("eastern Tourkia"), designation for the early medieval Khazar state in Byzantine sources • Tourkia (Hungary) ("western Tourkia"), designation for the medieval Hungarian state in Byzantine sources

[@elifern889]

@@ADINSANE I'm pretty sure it was because, prior to the 19th century, calling a Turk...well a Turk, meant you were calling him a pagan. Kind of like how for sometime in the Byzantine Empire, calling someone a Hellene meant you were saying he still practiced the old Greek faith.

[@ertegi64366]

@@moutsatsosa interesting. source?

[@ertegi64366]

@@vandare6913 okey ty that was informative

[@elifern889]

@@ADINSANE Well, the Byzantines didn't "genocide" the pagans. That term is so over use. The pagans were definitely persecuted and repressed during Christian rule, but the decline of paganism was something that occurred for centuries. In fact the last Greek pagans who had no Christian ancestors were alive even during Basil II's reign. _"In earlier periods, in contrast, the term "Hellene" denoted pagan ideas or persons, and for the Christian Byzantines it carried very negative connotations."_ - page 7 of The Byzantines, Averil Cameron, I should note that starting from the High Middle Ages, the Roman upper class would also refer to themselves as Hellene as the number of Greek pagans were virtually nonexistent "Of all languages Hellenic stands upon our ethnicity…All philosophy and knowledge are a finding of Hellenes…and you, Italian, what are you boasting about?" -Emperor Theodore II Laskaris on Greek identity "And the [Sultan] came, my brothers, besieged us, and opened fully his vast mouth, waiting for a treacherous time so that he may devour both us and this city, which that immortalized King [Constantine the Great] founded and dedicated to our Lady Despoina the God-Bearer and Holy Virgin Maria, hoping that she will always be by our side as the guide and guardian of our motherland, which stands as a refuge for the Christians, *the hope and joy of all the Hellenes* , and a place of admiration for the entire world" -Emperor Constantine XI's final speech to his men

[@castafioreomg]

Moat fascinating thing about Ottomans is the story behind Hagia Sofia and Instanbul

[@MadihaHanif-kx9dk]

Thanks for making the vedio😊

[@angusyang5917]

Chad Osman I: My descendants will go on to rule a world empire? Heck yeah, I'll be the ancestor of one of the longest-lasting and most powerful dynasties in world history! Virgin Astyages: My descendants will one day rule a world empire? My daughter's son must die so I don't get overthrown!

[@thesilverfox5069]

Very informative, me as a Turk personally thank you for making this video.

[@Nomadictroll]

A letter from Nädir to the Ottoman 1129 Sultan Mahmud I addressed Mahmüd as "the world-illuminating light of the Turkmän royal house.30 Avoiding any specific definitions of these ancestral Turkic ties, Nadir appealed to them as a way to reconnect disparate Muslim realms. In its audacity, Nadir's vision resembled Timür's grandiose plans. Both tried to invent the tradition of an imagined unity that had never actually existed, and could, in any case, only be implemented anyway by glossing over irreconcilable differences. Pfeiffer, J. and Woods, J., n.d. History and historiography of post Mongol Central Asia and the Middle East. pp.338, 339.

[@cesimcan9041]

It is always awesome to explore Tiege Hanley products with the "Ceddin Deden" on the background

[@hanzup4117]

Any chance you guys can do some videos on the rise and fall of the British Empire?

[@ertegi64366]

@@legioromanaxvii7644 every film every game every documantry is about british it is not even interesting anymore🤷‍♀️

[@theawesomeman9821]

I'd watch it. I wanna see videos on the Anglo-Zulu and Angloo-Boer wars.