First Major Ottoman Defeat - Battle of Rovine 1395 - 4K DOCUMENTARY

Big thanks to Ridge Wallet for sponsoring this video! Check out our favorite wallets here: ridge.com/kingsandgenerals Use Code “KINGSANDGENERALS” for 10% off your order
Kings and Generals began remaking its animated historical documentary on the history of the Ottoman empire with the early rise of the Ottoman beylik under Osman I. In the first video we covered the early origins of the beylik, its status among the Muslim states in Anatolia and its early clashes against the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire at Bapheus and Dimbos in 1302 ( • Rise of the Ottoman Em... ). The second episode showed how a tiny beylik became a regional power with the continued battles against the Byzantine empire and other states, including the siege of Prusa (Bursa) between 1317 and 1326 and the battle of Pelekanon of 1329 ( • How the Ottomans Took ... ). As the Ottoman entered the Balkans, they had to face the Serbian Empire and the Second Bulgarian Empire, leading to the battles like Maritsa in 1371 ( • Maritsa 1371 - End of ... ). The Ottomans continued expanding both in Europe and Asia, leading to the conflicts with many states, including the Karamanids, culminating at the battle of Frenkyazisi in 1387 ( • Ottoman Expansion in A... ). As the Ottomans managed to defeat their enemies in Anatolia, they now had time to fight against the burgeoning Balkan alliance that formed against them with Lazar Hrebeljanovic of the Moravian Serbia at its head. His confrontation with the sultan Murad I would led to the battle of Kosovo in 1389 ( • Battle of Kosovo 1389 ... ). In the aftermath of Kosovo, Bayezid I takes the power and continues campaigns both in Anatolia and the Balkans. The events in Anatolia culminate at the battle of Kirdilim of 1391, where the Sultan defeats his Turkic opponents led by Kadi Burhaneddin. The Ottomans became the sultans of Rum getting the title of the Seljuks ( • How the Ottomans Becam... ). Afterwards the Sultan continued campaigning in Europe, leading to the first major Ottoman defeat at Rovine in 1395 against the Voivode of Wallachia, Mircea the Elder. In this series we are planning to cover every major battle of the Ottoman empire, including Kosovo, Nicopolis, Ankara, Varna, 2nd Kosovo, Constantinople, Belgrade, Targoviste, Otlukbeli, Vaslui, Valea Alba, Skanderbeg's rebellion, Breadfield, Krbava, Otranto, Chaldiran, the Ottoman-Mamluk War of 1516-1517, siege of Rhodes in 1522, Mohacs of 1526, Vienna of 1529, Preveza, Gorjani, Castelnuovo, Buda, Eger, Malta, Szigetvar, Famagusta, Lepanto and much more!
Battle of Manzikert 1071 - • First Crusade: Battle ...
Creation of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum - • First Crusade: Partiti...
Battle of Nicaea 1097 - • Princes' Crusade Begin...
Battle of Dorylaeum 1097 - • Battle of Dorylaeum 10...
Siege of Antioch 1097-98 - • Siege of Antioch 1097-...
Sack of Constantinople 1204 - • Sack of Constantinople...
Battle of Adrianople 1205 - • Battle of Adrianople 1...
Battle of Klokotnitsa 1230 - • Battle of Klokotnitsa ...
How the Romans Retook Constantinople - Pelagonia 1259: • How the Romans Retook ...
What Was Lost in the Sack of Constantinople - • What Was Lost in the S...
Varangians - Elite Bodyguards of the Byzantine Emperors - • Varangians - Elite Bod...
Third Crusade 1189-1192: From Hattin to Jaffa - • Third Crusade 1189-119...
Medieval Battles - • Early Muslim Expansion...
Support us on Patreon: / kingsandgenerals or Paypal: paypal.me/kingsandgenerals or by joining the youtube membership: / @kingsandgenerals We are grateful to our patrons and sponsors, who made this video possible: docs.google.com/document/d/1o...
The video was made by Ilhan Altunkaya, while the script was researched and written by Ege Güneş ( / ottomanhistoryhub . This video was narrated by Officially Devin ( / @offydgg & kzbin.info/door/79s.... The art was created by Nargiz Isaeva. Machinimas by MalayArcher on Total War: Attila engine.
✔ Merch store ► teespring.com/stores/kingsand...
✔ Patreon ► / kingsandgenerals
✔ Podcast ► www.kingsandgenerals.net/podcast/
✔ PayPal ► paypal.me/kingsandgenerals
✔ Twitter ► / kingsgenerals
✔ Facebook ► / kingsgenerals
✔ Instagram ► / kings_generals
✔ Discord ► / discord
Production Music courtesy of Epidemic Sound: www.epidemicsound.com
#Documentary #Ottomans #Crusade

[@KingsandGenerals]

Big thanks to Ridge Wallet for sponsoring this video! Check out our favorite wallets here: ridge.com/kingsandgenerals Use Code “KINGSANDGENERALS” for 10% off your order

[@RandomGuy-df1oy]

According to Ottoman sources, they won the battle.

[@huseyincanhacibebekoglu4381]

what are the soundtracks you use in this episode? they are awesome.

[@LazarAndrei-VNI]

"Curtea de Arges" can be translated to "Court of Arges", ... sounds better :) In Romanian only Arges is a name

[@ragael1024]

@@huseyincanhacibebekoglu4381 i wrote a comment with the tracks but it seems it got deleted for some reason. idk about the start of the video, some say it's music from CK3. other tracks are from Dream Cave(Hold the Gates, Barbarians... stuff like this) but the last 3 tracks used which i think u are most curious about are by Hampus Naeselius: Breathe it in deep, A monsters feeling and The thin line. all are amazing, the last is simply a jewel. listening it on repeat.

[@huseyincanhacibebekoglu4381]

@@ragael1024 thanks a lot.

[@nenenindonu]

Despite their small population Vlachs often produced some fair challengers against the Ottomans such as Stephen III, Mircea, and Michael the Brave.

[@pompacitokmakci]

Ottoman vassal nations were bigger problems than directly ruled nations in most of history though.

[@scourgeofgodattila579]

Mircea was not fair, Bayezid defeated him in this battle and took the throne of Wallachia. Mircea fled to Hungary. Then he was defeated again in Nicopolis.

[@nenenindonu]

​@@pompacitokmakci Yeah one of the two greatest threats to the Ottomans was a literal vassal governor, Muhammad Ali Pasha, however it's still impressive that some backwater principalities in Eastern Europe produced such figures while larger kingdoms didn't

[@scourgeofgodattila579]

@@nenenindonu you don't know history kiddo.

[@yaralikatil]

@@nenenindonu The rulers of mini vassal states could sometimes be a nuisance😅

[@claudium6769]

Eminescu's poem Scrisoarea III (3th Letter/Epistle/Satire) depicts the Battle of Rovine Part of it (the aftermath): ...... Now, while the troops are camping, the sun goes slowly down Decking the lofty summits with victory's gold crown; The lightning that from terror had flown out of the sky Now flashes forth its splendour along the mountains high, While gradually the planets do up the heaven rear And o'er the mist-drenched forest the pallid moon appear, The queen of night and ocean that squanders calm and sleep. Yet of the sons of Mircea does one still vigil keep, And on his knee, in musing, beneath the evening star, He writes to his beloved of Arges village far: "From deep within Rovine vale, O lady fair, we bid you hail, Alas, by letter not by speech, By sundering distance out of reach. Yet am I fain to beg of thee To send by messenger to me What in your valley fairest be: The forest with its silver glade, Thy eyes that long, curled lashes shade. And I in turn will send to you The proudest thing that here we view: This mighty host with banner spread, The forest, branching overhead, My helmet with its feathery crest, My eyes that 'neath their lashes rest. I have both health and resting place, Thanks be to Christ and to God's grace, And now, dear love, I thee embrace". ....

[@user-js7gx3fw9q]

A writer..not a historian

[@BlueLineofthesky]

"Si de cum venira, se facura toti o apa si un pamant! " Mircea I was an amazing ruler. He is deep in the foundations of the future state of Romania.

[@launchbreak]

It is interesting to mention the later battle of Nicopole (1396), where a coalition of Christian states was defeated by the same Bayazid. Mircea the Elder was part of the coalition and witnessed the battle, and urged the westerners to follow his tactic in order to defeat the Ottomans. The westerners (French especially) refused to let Mircea attack first with his army which had experience with the Turks. Consequently, the French knights charged straight towards the enemy lines, and the battle turned to a bitter defeat.

[@ciprianvirjan]

This days with Russians ... the French diplomacy did had a similar tactic of not listening others much closer to the fights ... old habits die hard

[@TGSSMC]

Interesting to mention that Serbs fought against the alliance of all Christians on the Ottoman side. Even though they are Christian.

[@oogabooga9939]

@@TGSSMC The Catholic crusaders had been massacring the Eastern Orthodox towns along the way, the French knights were pillaging Orthodox villages as they saw them as heretics. The news of the devastation had spread all across Eastern Europe, providing an incentive for the Serbians to side with the Ottomans. In fact, it was the last-minute charge of the Serbian knights that was a game-changer, leading to a decisive Ottoman victory.

[@spymasterk4873]

For sec when you heard name coalition you think it's something 50+ thousands it less 😂 but not 15-20 😅

[@hudai7994]

@@oogabooga9939 Güzel bu kafayla devam edin siz 😂😂😂

[@yossarian7617]

Reminder that Mircea I was Vlad the Impaler's grandfather. Mircea I's son, Vlad The Devil, played both the Hungarian and Ottoman Empires against each other and managed to come up on top several times. His eldest son and heir, Mircea II participated in the Vidin crusade and was the only won who actually won the battles he was in. The Ottomans crushed the crusaders while Mircea's army stood and watched. After the Hungarian army was done and dusted (including their king) Mircea then proceeded to annihilate the Ottoman army by himself no problem. This led to creating enemies on both sides which led to his execution by Hungarian-backed forces when he returned to his country. His father, Vlad The Devil was deposed and eventually sacrificed his life in order to get his two youngest sons to safety: Vlad III (Tepes/The Impaler/Son of The Devil), and Radu the Handsome. Vlad The Impaler traumatized the Ottomans to such an absurd degree that Mehmed the Conqueror even had a moratorium on mentioning his name.

[@TUNC66]

It is a fact that Vladin dealt with the Ottoman Empire, but it did not change the end.

[@ZippyDB]

@@InAeternumRomaMater that's exactly what i was about to say. It's true that "Drac"/"Dracul" is translated into romanian as "Devil"/"The Devil" but it was latin for Dragon. Vlad the impaler was of the order of the dragon, chivalric order, "Society of the Dragonists" ... in latin "Societas Draconistarum", founded by Sigismund to fight the ottoman empire and protect "Christianity" (i put the quotation marks because also some non-christian personalities ware part of this order). Actualy, in this video, the creation of the "dragon order" is mentioned, he just didn't put a name on it and only called it an "alliance".

[@sidp5381]

Mircea I is also the grandfather of the legendary Vlad Dracula himself

[@BC-kn6wh]

Grandfather!

[@napoleonibonaparte7198]

Normally, a coalition that large would swamp a single empire in EU4.

[@giadinhhang5988]

Not with my Prussian Space marine, they won't. In older version anyways.

[@MyVanir]

Alas, rather than a coalition, this is every participant sending 2-4 regiments as condittieri.

[@juhanikuronen6944]

Playing as Hungarians while watching this video :D

[@secret5816]

Unfortunately, this is the timeframe of CK3. The Crusaders will therefore be beaten up one stack by another while the other stand idly by.

[@goldenfiberwheat238]

They only have 15k lol. That many countries in eu4 would have like 100k

[@mihaiionita5648]

The french noble mentioned close to the end of the video, Jean de Carrouges, is also the protagonist of the 2021 film The Last Duel, directed by Ridley Scott. He is portrayed by Matt Damon and, other than some historical inaccuracies, the film itself is a pleasure to watch for any fans of late medieval history. He died at Nicopolis in 1396.

[@emrenuriyev9132]

That coalition though. When a noob player in eu4 eats half of balkans in few years as Ottomans.

[@michaelsinger4638]

Mircea was a legend in his own right.

[@IYT786]

Stephen III and then Mircea

[@voicubogdan4339]

As a Romanian I thank you for doing this!

[@Dafterthought]

Străbunica mea se numea Voica place numele dar pe cuvânt ca nu mai pot sa văd romani ca mulțumesc in felul asta pt ca un străin face materiale despre noi (turism istorie ce o fi). Avem tone de lucruri bune despre care se poate vorbi si își fac lor rating in primul rând. E ca si cum ai surâde ca te bagă cineva in seama după ce a fost orb o vesnicie. Serios acu.

[@AdamNoizer]

>Charging Kapikulu cavalry straight into the marshes. >Getting mowed down by well placed Wallachian archers. Sounds like Bayezid’s Agincourt.

[@tatarcavalry2342]

@@aze94 yeah that's an old rule if you are a vassal you go first Romans did it like this but much more brutally they literally sacrificed Germans

[@tatarcavalry2342]

@@aze94 Brits used half of the world as their meat shield etc. and of course there was a advantage if you are a Muslim in case of Ottomans for example they did not use Tatars this reckless why would they treat other Muslim Turks like that it's not so beneficial. Everybody did this at changing rates.

[@a0flj0]

@@aze94 Christian nobility wasn't heavily involved at Rovine. More specifically French knights, stupid and arrogant, did most of the dying, both at Agincourt and at Nicopole, out of their own stupidity. They considered themselves formidable fighters but had zero understanding of strategy and tactics and of their own individual vulnerabilities.

[@adriangabrieljones881]

Thank you for the video! The Romanian kingdoms are one of the most overlooked fighters against the Muslim threat. They paid a huge price over the centuries for their stuborness and were always sold down the river by bigger players...

[@a0flj0]

You are right that the Romanian principalities were a very difficult to surpass obstacle for the Ottomans for a long time - significantly longer than Bulgarians or Serbians, for example. However, they weren't Romanian kingdoms, more like Romanian dukedoms, which eventually united into a single kingdom.

[@stephanthegreat1348]

@@a0flj0 the correct term is Principality but yea it comes down to the same

[@UserVVV69]

romanians did nothing you fought agains moldovans

[@a0flj0]

@@UserVVV69 You're confused. Moldovans _are_ Romanians. Moldovans are to Romanians the same that Bavarians or Saxons or Suabians are to Germans.

[@UserVVV69]

@@a0flj0 They are not the same people they look more Slavic but Romanians look more bulgarian or turkish

[@aviaxis6261]

Mihai Eminescu, 'The Third Letter'- The Romanian National Poet- describing the Valahian army under the rule of Mircea the Wise engaging the Ottoman Empire at Rovine: "The forest rang with arms, and rumbled like the ocean, Amidst the greenwood thousand heads with long and plaited hair, And several thousands more besides that did bright helmets wear. While wave on wave of cavalry over the plain did flood Astride high prancing chargers, their stirrups carved of wood. Thundering over the battered earth an avalanche they went, Lances levelled to the charge and bows near double bent; Till like a shower of shivering light that whistled through the air, A storm of arrows leapt and sang and flew from everywhere, A din of blows on armor dealt like rattling of hail, The noise of hoof and sword and lance, the roar of battle gale." Fun fact, although at Rovine Mircea was in his late 30s his nickname was 'The Old Man' (later translated as 'The Wise') because he was outsmarting everybody all the times.

[@Poison98582]

He was born around 1355, he wasnt in his 20s

[@wallachia4797]

The last part is incorrect. "The Elder" is an incorrect translation from Slavonic sources; "The Elder" in this context simply means "The First", or "Mircea I" if you will.

[@bogdanmatei4336]

I actually can't wait for the continuation of this story, I know that Mircea eventually came back and got his throne again, damn, I was so captivated during this video. Very nicely done!

[@loving650]

Mircea the first meat the Sultan, meating picture into a poem by Mihai Eminescu, "The third Letter", asking the Ottomans to leave the country, but as a result of their refusal the battle from Rovine happen. This is the legend. The reality Mircea the Brave, one of the heroes of the Romanians, won the battle and remained King of Valachia with the capital at Târgoviște at that time,(from Romanian history books), not Curtea de Arges, this was an after centuries kings city. The old city of Târgoviște still stands time, it can be visited. The Battle of Rovine showed a small army can win against a big army. May God bless us all.

[@sieuvreau7784]

In the following crusade, Mircea was the only ruler who had actual experience deafiting the ottomans, but no one in the coallition listen to him. The result is history. They shouldn't bring those arrogant french knights

[@ikman3410]

French are normally great in looting foreign countries. Brits, French, Spaniard, Dutch - all are exceptional in looting, lies and deception. Europe does not have natural resources. Looting in Africa is coming to an end. Where will they go next for looting?

[@ufukakbulut2362]

Sultan Yıldırm Beyazıt Han bizim büyük hükümdarlarımızdandır. Romanyalılar onun karşısında durarak büyük başarı elde ettiler. Osmanlı'nın saygı duyulan dostları ve düşmanlarıydılar. Bu günümüzdeyse çok kıymetli dostlarımız. Bütün Romanya ve Balkan halklarına barış, refah ve mutluluk dilerim.

[@danielandrone8795]

after all the battles waged by the Romanians and the Ottomans, I came to a conclusion... the Ottomans were an honorable enemy of Wallachia and Moldova... the last battle being in the 19th century... the bottom line, the Romanians and the Turks have nothing against each athers nowadays, being friends... who would have thought...

[@tudogeo7061]

Thanks! I hope you guys get through the tough times over in Turkey.

[@diliosspartanetz7588]

One thing about Wallachia and Moldavia being tributary of the Ottomans is that they could maintain their religion, language and culture unlike with the later arrival of Russian Empire

[@yamataichul]

As a romanian, I 100% wish you from all my heart the same for Turkey 🫴✨

[@ufukakbulut2362]

​@@yamataichulteşekkürler ❤❤❤

[@dariusEMPEROR]

its impressive for how long the battle lasted (almost 1 week)! and also that the Wallachian manged to win even if they where outnumbered with 4 to 1

[@a0flj0]

In most battles between Ottomans and any Christian armies of the time, Christians were outnumbered, often heavily. However, Ottomans lacked in motivation and training against most of their opponents, which is why Rovine, even if it's the first, wasn't the last defeat of the Ottomans in that time. Eventually, however, Eastern European states got eroded and conquered by the repeating attacks of numerically superior armies, one after the other. Had Christian leaders united early on in one single great alliance headed by leaders that had already encountered the Ottomans in battle, the Ottoman empire wouldn't even had come into existence. It wasn't so much some exquisite military prowess of the Ottomans that defeated Serbs, Bulgarians, Romanians, Hungarians and Poles, and also Russians, repeatedly, as it was the lack of unity and understanding among Eastern European leaders.

[@RandomGuy-df1oy]

​@@a0flj0 lol this is the most wrong comment I've ever seen. "In most battles between Ottomans and any Christian armies of the time, Christians were outnumbered" only in Christian sources. Ottoman armies were accompanied with large number of workers, cooks etc. Ottomans didn't lose an open field battle against Christian for along long time and they won every major battle, they had either smaller numbers or equal in most of these engagements. "Ottomans lacked in motivation and training against most of their opponents" Qapikulu was the first professional army in Europe and Timariot Spahis were magnificient warriors. Azabs were nothing but a militia whom took part in the campaigns just for loot. Too many dumb ifs and elses, lots of stupid execuses lol. If Ottomans were so bad and Christians were so good then how come in every major engagements the winner is the Ottomans?

[@RandomGuy-df1oy]

Not only the numbers are exaggerated but not the whole Ottoman troops did join the Attack. Mircea was a great leader but don't forget all of his victories were guerilla battles, no open field battle.

[@a0flj0]

@@RandomGuy-df1oy Of course none of his battles were open field battles. He was heavily outnumbered (4:1 may be exaggerated, but 3:1 happened quite frequently) and outclassed (his army was most often composed of a rather small number of courtiers and nobles and a significantly larger number of peasants) in every single battle he fought against the Ottomans, who always fielded an army composed in its majority of professional soldiers. It would have been stupid to go into an open field battle under these circumstances. And it's even more of an achievement to be victorious, under those circumstances.

[@RandomGuy-df1oy]

@@a0flj0 I agree it was an outstanding victory but the thing is every Wallachian and Albanian victories have the same pattern. For example both Mircea and Vlad liked to ambush the Ottoman camp. Wallachia was able to resist and became vassal not an eyalet due to their geography and strong leaders. Mirceas army consisted experienced fighters whom were familiar to Ottoman tactics. Wallachian army was not direclty the same with the other European states in terms of components. They were often subjected to Ottoman and Tatar raids thus they developed a strong militaristic tradition. For the Ottoman army, only the Qapikulu were the professional army, as they were the first professional army in Europe since Roman legionaries. Spahis were self-sustained in their domains and Akinjis were autonomous, they had their own leaders and they were always attacking and raiding neighbour territories. Still the core part of the Ottoman army was their light/medium armoured cavalry. The large number of workers, each cavalry carrying multiple horses and irreguler azab militias are one of the main reasons of the myth for “massive ottoman quantity”. Another reason is most og the sources we have are from Christian sources as ottomans did start to record their history alot later and both sides exaggerate eachothers numbers all the time.

[@Alex-gn1ws]

Thank you guys, so much, for continuing making videos or Romanian History! Awesome quality and accuracy in information, editing and presentation! Well done!

[@zohaibalam7339]

As a history lover I am proudly say that I m one of the early subsciber of kings and generals and I saw how your channel got success in these years. Thank you once again for making me interested in the history❤❤

[@anto93gk]

This is one of your best masterpiece video! Perfect narration, great historical accuracy in detail, chilling background music. I love this channel and its evolution throughout the years. Thank you Kings and Generals Team♥️

[@janteo1]

Romanians and marshes has to be the greatest love story in history

[@alinalexandru2466]

Russians when the snow starts speaking Finnish 🤝 Americans when the trees start speaking Vietnamese 🤝 Ottomans when the marshes start speaking Romanian.

[@claudiu8426]

@AttilaKhan 1453 Romanian principalities (Wallachia, Moldavia, Transylvania) never became "pashalik". We were paid only tribute, and that`s it. P.S. also no turkish mosque was built on Romanian soil. Educate yourself!

[@alinalexandru2466]

@@claudiu8426 Correct, but - "no turkish mosque was built on Romanian soil" sure if you exclude Braila, Giurgiu, and Turnu (Magurele).

[@claudiu8426]

@@alinalexandru2466 Corect. pe alea nu le-am mai pus. :)) Eu stiam doar de moscheea din Constanta, ca fiind cea mai importanta. Facuta in anul 1913 de regele Carol, ca dovada de buna credinta a turcilor stabiliti in Dobrogea si pentru ca si ei au contribuit la independenta noastra, impotriva Otomanilor.

[@alinalexandru2466]

@@claudiu8426 Da, chestia cu 'fara moschei pe teritoriul romanesc' mi se pare ca a aparut in sec. 18, si atunci teritoriul romanesc nu cuprindea si cele trei regiuni.

[@luizbizarro4757]

bayezid fought so hard in the north and west that he forgot his east where he would eventually be defeated and imprisoned by tragic timur

[@primalforlorn]

@whataboutism5439 hiring troops with questionable loyalty is a mistake to begin with.

[@painitself8597]

@What Aboutism Timur never lost a battle because he simply wins the battle before the battle everytime

[@Ballaurus]

The battle of Karanovasa/Karînovasî (currently identified as Karnobat) was not in Wallachia, currently Romania, but in modern day Bulgaria, less than 200 km from Edirne, and it was an attack by Mircea the Elder on an Ottoman base, as retaliation for raids into his territory. This attack was very successful, caused heavy losses and significant damage, and finally convinced Bayezid to hasten the plans to attack Mircea the next year. These facts are documented as such not only by Hungarian, Byzantine, and Serbian chroniclers, but also by Turkish ones, most famous being Kemal Pasha Zade. Sadly, no Romanian written sources have survived about the events.

[@yossarian7617]

Northern Bulgaria had been Romanian land since the days of the Roman Empire (for more than 1000 years). Due to its difficult to defend position it was ceded to the Ottomans and reconquered several times over until a century ago when Romania officially donated it to Bulgaria.

[@bogdananghel2498]

Who identified it as Karnobat?

[@Ballaurus]

@@bogdananghel2498 Aurel Decei, with research based on some of Konstantin Josef Jirecek's works.

[@Ballaurus]

@@yossarian7617 That's not quite right.

[@yossarian7617]

@@Ballaurus Sure it is. It's like Wikipedia tier knowledge.

[@maximos5748]

One day, when I will have enough money, I will donate as much as I can to you guys. It's amazing seeing objective representations of history, and the new visual decisions (such as showing forts and towns with flags) are signs of a valuable quality!

[@Bogdansmh]

Wow, nice touch on Romanian history, thank you for this!

[@brainflash1]

Sigismund is going to regret bringing the French along on this Crusade.

[@scourgeofgodattila579]

Bayezid would win again, he was a much better general than his.

[@tatarcavalry2342]

@@carlustin4034 Yeah that's why you have vassals buddy and they don't give them free too bonus fun fact no they would not cease to exist at the best condition for Christians they would push Ottomans to other half of Bulgaria nothing more fukin muricans-brits talk like they know shit :D

[@DanielLopez-bu6kn]

Its like if the beggining of the 100 years war made ALL the French nobility retarded, really.

[@DanielLopez-bu6kn]

​@@scourgeofgodattila579 Not necessarly, Mircea and Enguerrand were also competent leaders and veterans, and if you take into account that the first cavalry charge did Great damage, the most probable things Is that if the French has stayed united, they wouldnt have been flanked, so I would say that It cant be determines who would have won, but Its sure to say that this Is all fault of Artois and Boiucicaut, those burgundian idiots...

[@AnatolianHittite]

​@@carlustin4034 Stefan needed Bayezid to save own ass not vice verse. You are adept atbaytributing every battle you lose to the weather or other ridiculous misfortune.

[@tufisii2006]

We really need romanian CC/Subtitles so other people from Romania can also watch this masterpiece. Thank you!

[@aliosman0]

Great as always! 4K renders make it so much better. Keep them coming!

[@SinningsValor]

Another fantastic video from my favourite KZbin channel. Good job keep up the good work Kings & Generals! I can't wait till the next.

[@tepesobrejac4360]

I thank you a lot for making this video. It's been 5 years since I asked you to make a video on this battle in the comment section of your previous video on the Battle of Nicopolis, but the wait was well deserved. I know that the data we have on this battle is ambiguous and that you had to reconstruct it using multiple sources that sometimes contradict each other. In fact, for a time, many Romanian historians believed the battle of Rovine was one and the same as the battle of Karanovasa of 1394 and other chronicles had to be found and studied to for them to realize they were in fact separate battles. You have my thanks and congratulations. Also, it would be wonderful if, in your next video about Nicopolis (in which you'd also mention that Mircea took back his throne) would mention that the reason why Wallachia and Moldavia had such a big number of civil wars and coups between a large number of claimants to the throne was that anyone who was a descendant of a voivode on the male line ( "os domnesc" is the term used in Romanian) had equal rights to the throne, including bastards. I haven't seen any documentary on Romanian history, in English, that mentions this crucial point. They all say things like "x was dethroned in a coup by y" or "the Hungarians supported a claimant and the Ottomans another claimant and then the Ottoman claimant died so they had to find a different claimant" but NEVER explain why there were so many claimants for the Voivodeships in the first place. This system caused numerous civil wars, and probably led to a number of people falsely claiming they were bastards of a voivode to get the throne ( for example many historians doubt that Michael the Brave was actually a bastard of Pătrașcu the Good). But it also made it possible for foreign powers to place loyal voivodes in the principalities, which was preferable to annexing them. Another thing you could mention sometimes is that Wallachia and Moldavia had 2 armies: the Small army ( Oastea cea mică), formed of boyars, knights and their entourages together with the voivode's household troops, which was the permanent army, and the Grand army ( Oastea cea mare ) which included peasants gathered from all across the principalities and which was called only in times of crises. Ar Rovine, Bayezid confronted the Grand army and the Small army and so did Suleiman Pasha and Vaslui against Stephen the Great. The fighting peasants usually came from among "middle class" landowning peasents, who were called "moșneni" in Wallachia and "răzeși" in Moldavia. Both Mircea and Stephen offered land and certain privileges to villages willing to send soldiers to the Grand army.

[@barissaaydinn]

Because there were many claimants to any Medieval throne. Wallachia is not special. The Romans of the same era, the Ottomans, other Balkan kingdoms and principalities, everyone had lots of claimants to the throne. The reason you see more action in Romania is because they happened to be stationed between three regional great powers in Hungary, the Ottomans and Poland who constantly exploited this to justify invasions and project soft power over the area.

[@hammer3721]

@@barissaaydinn As a matter of fact, he just explained the thing brilliantly. In France or England you barely had any such disputes, because the law was clear: MALE PRIMOGENITURE. In the Romanian principalities the prince was simply the first among equals. So not only was his weaker than that of a monarch in Western Europe, there were more claims to be made since all nobles in the country basically had a claim to the throne, as opposed to Western monarchies. Have you even read the comment, or just gave a lame reply after reading the first three lines?

[@barissaaydinn]

@@hammer3721 Yes, it was that way in the Western Europe. But not in the Balkans. For instance, the Ottomans didn't even have a succession law. Or the Romans were fighting even more among themselves. And it's hilarious you mention England because during these times, they were fighting a 30-year-long civil war around a few claimants to the throne. Or Castile had primogeniture but they also fought major civil wars around the matter of succession. Only France was relatively stable in that regard. So, no, there is no specific reason to explain the infighting in Romania during that time. They had it everywhere.

[@barissaaydinn]

@@hammer3721 Btw in Europe, too, kings were primus inter pares. Again, if the situation looks worse in Romania (it doesn't to me but still), it's because this was regularly exploited by the great powers among them, not because it was actually worse.

[@hammer3721]

@@barissaaydinn The point was that despite there being succession crises in Western Europe, and quite so in England, the English realm and dynastic laws were far more stable. All you have to do is look at the list of English Monarchs since William I. Then at the list of Romanian monarchs in Wallachia and Moldavia. You will quickly realise that the average British monarch ruled for some 25 years, whilst the average Romanian prince ruled for about 5.

[@killreaper9066]

The Battle of Rovine marked a significant setback for the Ottoman Empire, as it was one of the first major defeats they suffered. The victory boosted the reputation of Mircea the Elder and Wallachia as a formidable opponent against the Ottomans.

[@adamsnow4979]

They literally became vassals the same year

[@BuddhaOwl]

"They" as in Vlad I.And since you like to go into the future let's talk about present day.The ottoman empire is , well , no more and Romania is 3 times larger.But I am wasting my time with you anyway.

[@hititmanify]

Its gg guys, the ottomans are the only nomadic nation to have not only build an empire but sustained it till today as turkey. If Atatürk didnt fend off the west Anatolia became a colony like syria. Love for everybody from a romanian.

[@its.4you.official]

​@@hititmanifyThats objectively wrong. The Mongols had also a nomadic lifestyle and built a way larger Empire than the Ottomans.

[@hititmanify]

@@its.4you.official it hold for how long ? 2 yeats ? Gtfo

[@mostafa_hafiz]

Awesome video as usual Thanks guys for making such an amazing series for free ❤

[@dminard1]

The ability to write sponsor intro is the mark of a true master. Love you guys

[@alinalexandru2466]

Video about Rovine? A surprise to be sure, but a welcome one.

[@rawstephen4734]

Omg 😱 for years i was waithing this video. Thank you Kings and Generals ❤❤❤

[@Muguratiu]

I am in awe by this video. Finally, such events and such a battle receives the deserved respect. It was so good because you inserted so much context. I was conquered by these events even since childhood when I first read about them and from your video I found out some new information. It’s been really a pleasure. Keep on rocking, guys! Fun fact: do you guys know that Mircea the Elder is the grandparent of Vlad Țepeș? P.s. Mircea inserted Dobrogea into Wallachia. Pp.s. We call Wallachia - Țara Românească.

[@iverson4764]

​@@aiurea1 fii serios..... nu mai pune botu la toate tîmpeniile scrise de tot felul de idioți

[@cristikrs5686]

Thank you so much for this!

[@Uzair_Of_Babylon465]

Fantastic video keep it up you're doing amazing things 😁👍

[@stanciuflorin5328]

The power of the Romanians... Mircea the elder was the grandfather of Vlad Țepes!

[@AD45]

​@What Aboutism you learned history at mcdonalds

[@-TheBlackLion-]

@What Aboutism no it’s not because he doesn’t speak kebab u kid

[@ade9597]

@@whataboutism5439 Yeah, well, when they excavated the a few of the graves at Curtea de Arges's Princely Church, where most of the early Basarab dinasty members are buried, after DNA studies, they found out them to be indo-european not turkic, with a teutonic knights' ring on one of the bodies, so...

[@juve9le4cs]

​​@What Aboutism bulgars are slavs, not turkish. Even if they were for so long under otoman rule, that doesn't mean they managed to whipe out all the bulgarians and their traditions. Stop trolling and start to document yourself properly :)

[@rumipraetorian9716]

@@juve9le4cs Wrong! Bulgars are turkic ehtnic group while bulgarians are mix of turkic and slavic people

[@parintelebaiazid80]

- De-un moşneag, da, împărate, căci moşneagul ce priveşti Nu e om de rând, el este domnul Ţării Româneşti. Eu nu ţi-aş dori vrodată să ajungi să ne cunoşti, Nici ca Dunărea să-nece spumegând a tale oşti. După vremuri mulţi veniră, începând cu acel oaspe, Ce din vechi se pomeneşte, cu Dariu a lui Istaspe; Mulţi durară, după vremuri, peste Dunăre vrun pod, De-au trecut cu spaima lumii şi mulţime de norod; Împăraţi pe care lumea nu putea să-i mai încapă Au venit şi-n ţara noastră de-au cerut pământ şi apă - Şi nu voi ca să mă laud, nici că voi să te-nspăimânt, Cum veniră, se făcură toţi o apă ş-un pământ. Te făleşti că înainte-ţi răsturnat-ai valvârtej Oştile leite-n zale de-mpăraţi şi de viteji? Tu te lauzi că Apusul înainte ţi s-a pus?... Ce-i mâna pe ei în luptă, ce-au voit acel Apus? Laurii voiau să-i smulgă de pe funtea ta de fier, A credinţei biruinţă căta orice cavaler. Eu? Îmi apăr sărăcia şi nevoile şi neamul... Şi de-aceea tot ce mişcă-n ţara asta, râul, ramul, Mi-e prieten numai mie, iară ţie duşman este, Duşmănit vei fi de toate, făr-a prinde chiar de veste; N-avem oşti, dară iubirea de moşie e un zid Care nu se-nfiorează de-a ta faimă, Baiazid!

[@luke3045]

Love the work channel team! please keep it up!

[@nordicgypsy_]

Thanks been waiting for this

[@darrylerren8185]

Bayezid managed to conquer more territory in a decade than Osman, Orhan and Murad did in a century. Amazing leader

[@terrynewsome6698]

But unlucky to have faced Timur

[@onur6145]

They don't call him the "Thunderbolt" for nothing. His predecessors were cementing the empire, when he started the ascension period.

[@mputilin]

It is easy to raise walls, once the foundations have been built.

[@user-hr9jy8ru1g]

His real name is not Osman. Many scholars believe, his name is Ataman.

[@ilhamiata769]

Bayezid inherited a great state from his ancestors just like Alexander the great inherited from his father. You can't dismiss his ancestors' contributions like this.

[@sidp5381]

Fun fact, Louis also had another daughter because he was the king of Poland. That was Hedwig or Jadwiga. She was married to the legend himself, Jogaila the victor of Grunwald the man who brought down the Teutonic Knights. You can see him in the video as Wladyslaws II.

[@emperorkaido8539]

beyazid is the only legend in this era

[@steffanyschwartz7801]

@@emperorkaido8539Timurlane, Henry the 5th, Jogaila, and Jan Jiska also were in this time. Timur put Bayezid on his back and took him for a ride.

[@laszloattiladozsa8179]

Strange fact: Jadwiga is died similar to Mary (Jadwiga died during birth, Mary died in a horse riding accident while pregnant). None of the sisters had issue, so the Anjous of Hungary become extinct right after their biggest success: ruling over the 2 biggest kingdoms in Central Europe.

[@AnatolianHittite]

​@@steffanyschwartz7801 Timurlane>> Bayezid the Thunderbold >> All european coalition

[@steffanyschwartz7801]

@@AnatolianHittite Timur was a psycho. I’ve always hated the man for what he did to the Golden Horde, Punjab, Georgia, and Baghdad.

[@ozkanboyraz7626]

amazing video, i am too excited for the next part.

[@k1sh3np]

I've been eagerly looking forward to #8!

[@KHK001]

Yes more Ottoman videos! thanks KnG!

[@mikemodugno5879]

Will you guys cover the collapse of the Eastern Roman Empire in this series? If so, I would love to see you discuss the Byzantine rump-states of Trebizond and Theodoro. Great work on this series.

[@SD-mi2vc]

They did

[@barissaaydinn]

They inevitably will since the Ottomans were pretty much responsible for all of it lol

[@derickyjr5904]

Trebizond we shall never forget. 😢

[@huseyincobanoglu531]

Thank you Kings and Generals Team.

[@-RONNIE]

Thanks for the video 👍🏻

[@marcello7781]

Vallachia surely gave plenty of headaches to the Ottomans.

[@dand7763]

interesting that even today wasn't built a muslim mosque in the land of romanians ,orthodox country...not in the past , and not in the present , today the country is christian 99,4% (orthodox 86% and catholics 13,4% , muslims 0,6%)

[@valentinovidiucornea4525]

​@@dand7763 Must interesting, king Carol I build a mosque in Constanța for muslim Turks from România(Dobrogea). Name of mosque is Carol I.

[@flaviuslupu2532]

*GREAT DOCUMENTARY !!!!!!!!!!!* 🏆

[@ouranosodysseus286]

great job like always!

[@josesaidwhat]

I remember that voice. I really enjoyed your total war videos back in the day devon! Keep doing your thing!

[@-Shadow__Rider-]

Imagine bringing not only France and England together but also Genoa and Venice… 💀

[@fredimacedo4448]

É tão bom ver os otomanos levando uma surra.🤌

[@flyingsquirrell6953]

I don’t think the Crusaders would win. (I love playing Kingdom Come: Deliverance - you get to hear about these events from veteran lords who lived through these events)

[@ennui9745]

Venetian: I never thought I'd die fighting side by side with a Genoese. Genoese: How about side by side with a friend? Venetian: Yea- no, wait, no.

[@-Shadow__Rider-]

@@ennui9745 they would most likely end up scamming each other lmao

[@a0flj0]

The arrogant and stupid French knights were a mistake. With leaders like Sigismund, Mircea, Vuk Brankovic and Ivan Stratsimir, who had already experience in fighting the Ottomans, even without the French knights, the crusaders had an excellent chance of beating the Ottomans.

[@AntoniuDraculea]

Good video but the map of wallachian terrain you use is modern. Back then Wallachia would have been mostly forest. It took centuries of constant deforestation for it to end up looking like în the map used here. Thats why you get situations like a field region în S Wallachia being called "Teleorman" meaning "mad forest" in turkish. One can only imagine what horror shows the invaders lived there to end up calling it so... those who lived to tell the tale at least.

[@therightarmofthefreeworld4703]

Channels such as this are more concerned with their view and subscriber count than they are with historical accuracy. Unfortunately the majority of people just accept what they see and hear in a youtube video.

[@ionbrad6753]

I think Teleorman is Mad Forrest in Cuman or Pecheneg (Turkic nomads), not in Turkish (Deli Orman). True about forests. Place names as Codrii Vlăsiei (the Great Wallachian Forests) tell us a lot.

[@AntoniuDraculea]

@@ionbrad6753 shows what invaders felt vs the native romanians either way.

[@mostafa_hafiz]

Amazing video as usual

[@jozzieokes3422]

Wonderfully made!

[@rositasultana3958]

Mircea the Old, one of our wisest kings, teached a lesson in humanity and humility to the arrogant ottomans.

[@valentinovidiucornea4525]

Mircea the Elder.

[@rositasultana3958]

@@valentinovidiucornea4525 corect. Am aflat asta mai tarziu.

[@claudiuflorea2090]

@@valentinovidiucornea4525 Mircea The Elder Scroll

[@steauabarlad8868]

respect and good luck my old friend❤

[@iulia1690]

Great videos, keep them coming!

[@alexiordache760]

Can't wait for your next video.

[@bigsarge2085]

Incredible.

[@neamnervi]

But nobody mentions the effect the plague had on the Balkans for falling under Ottoman rule. The bulgarian fortresses were left defenseless.

[@constantinexii8182]

The chanell has reached a legendary level👏👏

[@Louis-ji3sn]

Thanks, a very fascinating time period.

[@ciudat105]

Mircea is the Grandfather of Vlad Țepeș

[@viraajmiriyala4266]

Great job! I really like this series. I noticed you started talking a lot about Indian empires. Maybe you could make a empire series for the Mughals?

[@mrsk2020]

Love your work......wonderful videos

[@robbabcock_]

Terrific video! ⚔🏹🙌

[@MsDboyy]

This was really interesting ☯️✅ I normally am not that interested in ancient history but this video was very well edited and narrated 💯

[@stephanthegreat1348]

Romanians had a bunch of successful Generals against the Ottomas: Stephen the Great, Michael the Brave, Vlad the Impaler, Mircea the Elder, Iancu de Hunedoara

[@Emanuel-E]

@TİMURLANG KHAN They didn't ruled Romania, Romania paid tribute in order to avoid war with a much larger opponent. But Romania kept its traditions, language, culture and religion and in the end Romania unified its territories Moldova, Transilvania and Valahia. The identity was successfuly maintained, so that's a WIN.

[@mariussantamarian9766]

Occidentul ,pe care îl hulesc unii ,a făcut posibilă unirea.

[@valentinovidiucornea4525]

​@@mariussantamarian9766 Mai bine zis rivalitatea dintre marile puteri.

[@mariussantamarian9766]

@@aiurea1 Păi nu,pentru că ei ne-au primit(cu greu)la negocierile de după încheierea războiului ( noi,cum ne e năravul, încheind o pace rușinoasă cu nemtii si austro- ungarii în 17 mai 1918 ,ca apoi în octombrie să le declarăm iar război ). Dacă nu ne primeau, cel puțin alipirea Transilvaniei la România nu se făcea.

[@enjoymfs9715]

​@@Emanuel-E romania kept its culture? Most of your culture is turkish like other Balkan countries. You Don't even notice it. What is traditional romanian food and where it comes from? Do you wanna learn😂

[@Alexandru_Pinzaru]

thanks for covering this theme

[@aiassistedclips]

Great channel, just subscribed.

[@slavkoostojic2514]

I love that you cover every detail and by doing it that way u cover alot of Serbian history wich means alot. Well done as always 👏

[@prcbukvu2293]

Srbi su tu bili Turski saveznici

[@NB-kq7lm]

@@prcbukvu2293 vazali ali ne svi

[@vladavuksanovic310]

Хероји из народних песама попут Краљевића и Лазаревића испадоше највећи издајници а највећи “издајник” из истих тих песама је једини који није хтео да ратује против православних хришћана.

[@aasemahsan]

1:58 Bayezid's defeat against Mircea I of Wallachia (1394) 5:27 *Battle of Rovine* (1395) 9:37 Bayezid consolidating power in the Balkans 12:47 Crusader alliance led by Hungary's King Sigismund

[@MrClajen]

Love your vids

[@gamedo4269]

Good job

[@WeeZz95]

Romania! Much love!

[@av4840]

K&G great job 👏🏻

[@hassaanalisiddiqui3827]

I want this series to continue all the way til the end

[@bogdanmihai7795]

As a Romanian, i can confirm that this battle was based

[@thoughtshewasaryan2591]

not as based as this crusade

[@dand7763]

​@@thoughtshewasaryan2591 those french knights lost that battle because of their ego , and they should listened the tactic one day earlier proposed by Sigismund and Mircea ,who knew how to fight with ottomans , but because of the french pride , big ego , they lost this battle ...they did exactly like that viral video from KZbin ...."Leeeeroooy Jeeennkiiinnnsss "

[@thoughtshewasaryan2591]

@@dand7763 ok lol still the hungarians nearlly broke the rest of the ottoman army but got shattered by the serbs OTTOMAN VICTORY xd

[@bosertheropode5443]

​@@dand7763 They were french heavy cavalry, what did you expect xD

[@parintelebaiazid80]

The stories don't give him justice! The legend is true, Mircea went to meet Baiazid in his own tent! But he wasn't disguised! Also, he was alone! ALONE!!! The Stuff of Legends! Pure awesomeness and badassery! You cannot make this stuff up! The shear weight of his balls protected him against the ottoman scurge. Imagine that, a King who fights his own battles! Europe was protected for centuries because this Land gave us Men like Mircea the Eldar, Stefan the Great, Vlad Dracul the Impaler and Michael the Brave!

[@brokenbridge6316]

Given what Bayezid was up against it was no small miracle that he was able to prevail the way her did. nice video.

[@isahamid5979]

Hi k and g, we need this detailed ottoman series to continue, all the way till the end of mehmed ii life as promised.

[@Argacyan]

17:08 POV: You're playing Eu4 and you just annexed 3 provinces in a war

[@befreetv354]

Imagine all those battles in the History between Romania ( the 3 parts- states) and Otoman Empire - nowadays Turkey...so many Kings fought with the Power of the Turks...and centuries later JUST ONE ROMANIAN CONQUERED Turkey ! That man is ...GHEORGHE HAGI...ask any turkish person about this Romanian man....and you will understand....LMAO

[@neutralfellow9736]

solid stuff

[@gustavoguzman9903]

Great parts of history always done properly here

[@rafatymoniewicz7735]

A small nitpick- could you maybe change the map of Central Europe a little bit, as Brandenburg never controlled Silesia and it lost any control over Lusatia at that point and they were instead part of the Bohemian Crown? Great video overall, never thought the Romanians had such a history of being a pain in the Ottoman ass :D

[@scourgeofgodattila579]

''This battle was an Ottoman victory. Mircea was defeated and chased away. Wallachia obeyed Bayezid. Even Nicolea Jorga, one of Romania's greatest historians, says so.'' I wrote this before.

[@Player-re9mo]

@@scourgeofgodattila579 Baiazid lost at Rovine. He retreated from the Romanian army. Watch the video again.

[@alexandrugheorghe5610]

​@@Player-re9mo he's a nationalist.

[@rositasultana3958]

​@@scourgeofgodattila579 All caps locked, ready for battle from his armchair in mommy's basement 😂😂😂 go home, bot.

[@scourgeofgodattila579]

@@Player-re9mo History is learned from documents and books, I offer you an academic resource. You do not trust such propaganda videos.

[@theawesomeman9821]

As my history professor once said, "no super power lasts forever..."

[@ondrao9514]

Another awesome video from my favorite Ottoman series, but there is a small mistake when there is Holy Roman Emperor 'Wenceslaus IV', but you used a picture of his father Charles IV.

[@ruttiger500]

Great battle !

[@DanTheArtisan91]

Props to Mircea

[@PobortzaPl]

I have some issues with the map: - at that time there are still separate Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Breslau isn't a part of Brandenburg

[@Comrade_Connie]

Yeah they had it correct but decided to make it as one state for some reason

[@cengizsogutlu]

Favorite Series

[@georgebudder6896]

European powers before the Crusade: Hungary: Let's do this England: Yes. France: Alright! Aragon: I am in. Burgundy: I will curb-stomp them. Naples: Whatever Venice: 1204 here we go! Genoa: Can we get some money after this? HRE: I am neither Holy, Roman or Empire. Castille: Never liked that hat of his Teutons: I am just here for the fun. Poland: Dont have anything better to do ... Bohemia: Do you have a spare moment to talk you about the Pope? Navarre: Why not? Savoy: Nice. Knights: Deus Vult! Swiss: Just dont write us in the History Books! Moldavia: Bro Wallachia: Bro Croatia: I don't have a say in this! Portugal: The f*ck, AM I DOING HERE?

[@ionbrad6753]

USA: I wish I was born earlier! China: 我在这里写了什么？