Fall of Edessa - Event Triggering the Second Crusade - Medieval History

[@KingsandGenerals]

🎥 Watch more than 180+ other exclusive videos on youtube: kzbin.info/door/MmaBzfCCwZ2KqaBJjkj0fwjoin or patreon: www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. Support us on Paypal www.paypal.com/paypalme/kingsandgenerals as well!

[@jimhjortsberg2990]

John II: "I just want to visit the Holy land with my large army." Fulk: "Press X to doubt"

[@jackhuston5298]

"What are you doing step-Champion?" is WILD 10:05

[@goldenfiberwheat238]

It’s very how do you do fellow kids

[@sidp5381]

He is a turk

[@FLLCI]

hahahahaha I was almost choking on the spaghetti I was eating 🤣

[@ilyassnajem8712]

At 22:50 you said that Ahmad Sanjar gifted Zengi gifts as a 'Caliph' but his title was 'Amir Al Muminoun' bestowed by the abassid caliph at that time which is translated to Commander of the Believer and not 'Caliph' itself. But the rest was excellent, great video.

[@KingsandGenerals]

made a mistake

[@alqudzz-9864]

Yh i was thinking that😂

[@abdurahman90982]

@@KingsandGeneralsamazing video kings and general keep them coming would love you to do a video between my adal sultanate( Somalia ) and ethopia Solomon dynasty, and after the death of Ahmad gurey, him getting avenged and ending the story at Battle of Fatagar…please we need a improved version of this East African history that goes back to ancient land of punt 🇸🇴 will be a huge new boost to this incredible channel

[@northernrebel1402]

Was wondering for the last few days when the next video on the Second Crusade will come and here it is. Thank you K&G!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks for watching!

[@507Soccer]

What happened to Pon's son after he got captured?

[@MasterGamer-ve9cw]

​​@@KingsandGenerals please make more videos of seljuks the entire history such as Ahmad Sanjar and his achievement along with predecessors and successors, your videos are amazing keep it up.

[@DeliYuzbashi]

Imad al-Din Zengi continued his attempts to take Damascus in 1145, but he was assassinated by a Frankish slave named Yarankash in 1146. Zengi was the founder of the eponymous Zengid dynasty. In Mosul he was succeeded by his eldest son Saif ad-Din Ghazi I, and in Aleppo he was succeeded by his second son Nur ad-Din. According to Crusader legend, Zengi's mother was Ida of Austria (mother of Leopold III of Austria), who had supposedly been captured during the Crusade of 1101 and placed in a harem. She was 46 in 1101, Zengi was born in 1085, and his father died in 1094 so this is not feasible. Zengi was courageous, strong in leadership and a very skilled warrior according to all of the Muslim chroniclers of his day. Unlike Saladin at Jerusalem in 1187, Zengi did not keep his word to protect his captives at Baalbek in 1139. According to Ibn al-‘Adim, Zengi "had sworn to the people of the citadel with strong oaths and on the Qur’an and divorcing (his wives). When they came down from the citadel he betrayed them, flayed its governor and hanged the rest.” According to Ibn 'al-Adim: The atebeg was violent, powerful, awe-inspiring and liable to attack suddenly… When he rode, the troops use to walk behind him as if they were between two threads, out of fear they would trample over crops, and nobody out of fear dared to trample on a single stem (of them) nor march his horse on them… If anyone transgressed, he was crucified. He (Zengi) used to say: "It does not happen that there is more than one tyrant (meaning himself) at one time." Some of his battle victories: Battle of al-Atharib (1130) Siege of Hama (1130) Battle of Rafaniyya (1133) Battle of Qinnasrin (1135) Zengid campaign against Antioch (1135) Battle of Ba'rin (1137) Siege of Aleppo (1138) Siege of Baalbek (1139) Siege of Edessa (1144) Fall of Saruj (1145)

[@barbadoskado2769]

wow, awesome! thanks for sharing, Zengi was one of the great military leaders from the east

[@wafflelite]

Based.

[@sandygehrmann6309]

Those dates for Ida of Austria mean that she would've been 30 in 1085 (if she was 46 in 1101). Why is it not feasible that she could have been Zengi's mother?

[@Zkdub4]

@@sandygehrmann6309 Because she was captured in 1101 (actually, most likely she was killed, but in any case she didn't head to the middle-east until the 1101 crusade).

[@sandygehrmann6309]

@@Zkdub4 Ah gotcha. I was just looking at the age but if we have records of her movements that'd make it easier.

[@Timelinebattlehistory]

The title is exactly what the video delivers, no misleading, very honest.

[@Crixxsss]

I really enjoy your videos on medieval stories. These are the best for me.

[@saniisnainwani]

the quality of this video is amazing and the story is greatly narrated. keep it up

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@unaizahmad726]

Let my boy Zengi besiege Homs in peace.

[@Iraqi_baathist2009]

Finally the next episode of second crusades perfectly done!!!!! And thank you for you efforts I'ma watch this enjoyingly 😁

[@iwannisbalaouras1687]

a series about john komnenos and mannuel would be great

[@nikostombris5505]

A series on Komnenian restoration and the unknown Byzantine victory at Philomelion 1116

[@sidp5381]

The legacy of King Fulk of Jerusalem is felt in England. He’s a grandfather of King Henry II.

[@HeloisGevit]

No Fulks given

[@ivanzamudio5333]

Stupid retards think monarchs give a shit. Be an individual spot being afraid.

[@hernanandresviverosnunez7183]

Thank you very much. Excellent content.

[@plisskin117]

I've been a student of the crusades for years. I only subscribed to this channel about a month ago. Since starting with your series on the First Crusade, I've been amazed at how lucidly you explained the war for the holy land. However, this episode really blew me away. Just brilliant. Thank you.

[@franciscojorgesousaandrade]

I can't wait for the start of the second crusade and to see Noradine time to step into the spotlight, as well as the role of Manuel Komnenos.

[@Rhaenyssupporter]

Finally ive been trying to find a good video on the siege of Edessa

[@ObscuraInventions]

Love this video on the Second Crusade and Zengi's rise to power! I wanted to chime in with some additional context on the Byzantine Empire's involvement. So, during John II's reign, the Byzantines were busy securing their western frontier, but they also had a keen eye on trade in the East. They controlled key routes like the Silk Road, connecting Europe and Asia - a pretty big deal back then! Also, Zengi's marriage to Zumurrud Khatun was pure strategy, gaining him control of Homs in central Syria. That move really strengthened his hand against the Burid dynasty in Damascus. The Burid dynasty's internal drama is wild. Mu'in ad-Din Unur's assassination of Shihab ad-Din Mahmud and installing Muhammad as ruler shows just how complex the alliances and rivalries were within the Islamic world. One more tidbit: during Zengi's siege of Baalbek, the Crusaders actually reinforced the city's defenses, recognizing its strategic value. Oh, and one minor correction: John II Komnenos actually died from poison on April 8, 1143, not a hunting accident. Keep up the great content!

[@janpham2591]

Wondering if you could perhaps one day do a video on John II. Komnenos and his various military campaigns? Sounds like an intriguing topic imo. Awesome video as always!

[@curranlakhani]

Maybe they could do a longer video on the Komnenian Dynasty and cover the full resigns of Alexios, John and Manuel Konmnenos?

[@janphilipptambke549]

John komnenos needs his own series!

[@SeArCh4DrEaMz]

Thank you so much for the always interesting and detailed content. Thank you.

[@KHK001]

Amazing video as always KnG!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@Tommykey07]

The death of John Komnenos is one of the "What if?" questions of the era. If the Byzantines recover Antioch, it greatly improves their position in the region.

[@resentfuldragon]

Knowing eastern rome, the next few guys would have squandered whatever gains made like always. The eastern romans were cursed with foolish leaders most of the time, so the few smart ones like john, alexios, and basil were unable to do much because the next competent guy was starting from a worse position than they left. The muslims were blessed with a general mercy to other muslims when besieging, so they were far more likely to surrender and that caused states like the ayyubids and zengids to grow very dangerous in just a few leaders. They could unite more than christians because they typically didn't massacre the inhabitants even if they had religious minorities among them (exceptions like timur existed).

[@iwannisbalaouras1687]

@@resentfuldragon what a stupid comment from a muslim

[@ibrahimmustafa2481]

​@resentfuldragon Timur was cursed by Genghis khan's seed 😂.

[@brokenbridge6316]

Can't wait for the next video. This series is great.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@brokenbridge6316]

@@KingsandGenerals---Your welcome. I've been subscribed to you for a bunch of years.

[@badbuddha2359]

Would love to hear about cilcia aremenia during this time, as they seemed to thrive during the crusades. Like they were an accidental crusader state of sorts.

[@wolfm33]

John II was the best of the Komnenian emperors and his relatively early death (he was in his mid 50's) was a heavy blow to Eastern Roman fortunes. If he had survived for another 10-15 years Byzantine fortunes might have been a lot better and the history of the entire region rewritten.

[@hiskakun2276]

If John II had survived that hunt accident, probably Edessa wouldn’t have fallen. And if Edessa doesn’t fall it means the second crusade as we know it today wouldn’t have happened. John II (or the empire’s) presence in the middle east alarmed Zengi, as we watched in this episode. John II was going to annex completely Antioch, and wanted to vassalage the rest of the crusade states. With the Empire’s presence, Zengi probably wouldn’t have attacked Edessa.

[@austinovervig1631]

Do you plan on redoing the 3rd crusade videos and after this one? Really loving these crusader series

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks. Yes, that is the plan right now!

[@feruzkhasanov6478]

Thing is that I always watch your videos when Im sad and it helps to forget all the bad because I love history. Thank you K&G! I will be waiting for your next episodes...

[@KingsandGenerals]

Working on it

[@Numba003]

I feel bad for the people trying to buy time for a rescue that never came. I had never heard of this siege before. Thank you for another fantastic informative video! God be with you out there, everybody. ✝️ :)

[@robbabcock_]

Great video! I can't wait for the next installment! 😎⚔💪

[@ImChapado_]

The GOAT Series in the Channel

[@balabanasireti]

Why are you still saying GOAT? It's almost 2025

[@markphelt6395]

@@balabanasiretiif the term goat is g.o.a.t. Then it will never be stale. Yanno because it’s the goat.

[@MARINADUDE]

Thanks for going over this era in more detail, it is very fascinating.

[@shimazutakuma1031]

the most terrifying part of the crusades is only the first one made it and held Jerusalem long enough that it had some "Kingdoms" made out of it, none of the succeeding crusades came close to that (Aside from the Third One? i guess?)

[@mohidahmed4962]

22:45 Ahmad sanjar was the sultan of the seljuk empire not the Caliph

[@RLSDM]

We all make mistakes my brother

[@devereuxbirdzell]

You'd think kings would be a LOT more careful while hunting. I don't know how many times I've read or watched these videos where the king falls off his horse and dies.

[@danfreezin2040]

It was so regular that it's basically a meme in Paradox (EU4) games... get a good heir? Just wait for the hunting accident...

[@devereuxbirdzell]

@@danfreezin2040 LOL that's hilarious!!

[@uriu3193]

​@@danfreezin2040funny that you would mention that...... My Portugese empire literally just got into a junior pu with Britain cus of that

[@RLSDM]

I know you guys have millions of subscribers, but you’re still underrated

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@anthonyespinoza-eh5dx]

Thank you so much for sharing all this knowledge!

[@bigsarge2085]

Interesting as always, thank you!

[@thomasrinschler6783]

Thank you for mentioning that the County of Edessa continued to exist west of the Euphrates even after the fall of the city. Usually, this isn't mentioned, and the county is portrayed as ceasing to exist in 1144, when in reality it continued on, albeit as a rump state, for a few years yet in Turbessel.

[@azharrasheed2286]

My eyes light up when i see K&G video thumbnail 🎉

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@mktf5582]

John Komnenous 2 deserves a series like Alexander/Napoleon.

[@Ibn_jala]

Thank you.❤

[@pawefiedorowicz6789]

I love crusade-related content!

[@KingsandGenerals]

More on the way

[@ahmedshaharyarejaz9886]

Good content

[@thatlewisturner]

Another great video! I do have a tiny critique, the map seems darker than normal, it could just be me eyes haha but just thought I'd let you know 😂😊

[@KingsandGenerals]

We haven't made any changes as far as I know, but I will check the files again just to be sure

[@AgrinJaff-h6k]

Like always great video! Hope you talk more about kurdish people in the future episodes it would much appreciated sir .

[@alraziosmany]

Big clap for this awesome series , fan since 2017 🎉

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you!

[@erhanozaydin853]

Boy this is complicated. Would have been very hard to follow short of a live map illustration. Thank you.

[@asimalmuzaini8442]

Thanks

[@marshallsilverstar9636]

John the second seemed a lot scary to anyone at the region and was himshelf capable . Will we have a video solely on him?

[@warotm.590]

Joscelin: Well, well, well, if it isn’t the consequences of my own actions

[@-RONNIE]

Thanks for the video

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks for watching

[@-RONNIE]

@KingsandGenerals Keep up the good work 👍🏻

[@geranimallapache8165]

Hello, can I take some of your time? First of all, thank you for years for adding subtitles to your videos. I wonder if the translation takes you a lot of time? What method do you use to translate subtitles? Do you have a dedicated translation team, or do you use translation software, with someone who then takes care of proofreading and correction? Or use another method? Thank you for your attention.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Not at the moment, but we are working on something

[@ItJuM856]

How many competent kings been killed by random freak accidents with horses or hunting

[@collintrytsman3353]

excellent as always

[@ivdelch9242]

Thats your best series, please do more. I have watched evey video.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@Alec.40]

Thank you I love your videos ❤

[@Rolilasx]

Will you guys cover all the crusades in this series?

[@KingsandGenerals]

more or less. Some would not need more than en episode or two.

[@Rolilasx]

@@KingsandGenerals I understand. Thats sounds really good, looking forward to the next episodes !

[@alberisrodrigues6168]

Please a video about the komnenos restoration.

[@mauri3853]

So the view that cursedes were a cultural fight between Islam and Christian is wrong and they were more of a shifting alliances depending on the noblty interests from the both sides

[@AbhyudayaSinh]

Very informative❤❤

[@aneesahmed8177]

After 2 month, desperate wait the next episode of this series uploaded

[@aboeyousfie2409]

On an islamic side note : it’s actually forbidden to swear to anything except to Allah himself … so not on the quraan, nor your mothers grave etc… Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Do not swear an oath by your father, nor your mothers, nor by rivals to Allah. Do not swear an oath unless it is by Allah and you are honest.” Source: Sunan Abī Dāwūd 3248 Grade: Sahih (authentic) according to Al-Albani عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ وَلَا بِأُمَّهَاتِكُمْ وَلَا بِالْأَنْدَادِ وَلَا تَحْلِفُوا إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ وَلَا تَحْلِفُوا بِاللَّهِ إِلَّا وَأَنْتُمْ صَادِقُونَ 3248 سنن أبي داود كتاب الأيمان والنذور باب في كراهية الحلف بالآباء 3248 المحدث الألباني خلاصة حكم المحدث صحيح في صحيح أبي داود

[@funbun420]

Why Unur looks like giga chad?

[@jerzydobruchowski2435]

Because he was one :D 😎

[@KudratNurmatov]

Another masterpiece by this channel, thank you! Incidentally, can anyone point to the soundtrack - specific tracks at Epidemic Sound that provides the sound? There are some recurring tracks from other Kings and Generals episodes. Thanks!

[@Griffinlegion303]

i think you got something wrong Masud was the caliph and ahmed sanjar was the ruler of seljuk empire.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Yep made a mistake

[@tolgacerci8990]

this is my city edessa today name is Şanlıurfa.

[@babyrage6666]

Based

[@DrKarmo]

One of the worst downgrade in names I've ever seen

[@tolgacerci8990]

@@DrKarmo bro city today name herocity

[@mojolmao1752]

Hey guys, any chance you'll make a video about the history of philosophy? We see a great amount of philosopher come up in the 17th century (at least in Europe) and I was wondering if you could make a video on all the different school of thoughts there are and who influenced who

[@KingsandGenerals]

Will consider

[@mojolmao1752]

@ thanks :)

[@barbadoskado2769]

fall of edessa is one of those events that led to the downfall of the crusader states. the history of edessa is also very very wild...... check out Steven Runciman's books on the subject

[@hansfabri6906]

Thanks

[@dudeboydudeboy-zj8kd]

Since you guys are making season 2 of the Ottoman's how far are guys going to cover it? 16th-17th?

[@KingsandGenerals]

Not sure yet

[@dudeboydudeboy-zj8kd]

@KingsandGenerals my suggestion would be covering Suleiman the Magnificent who led the golden age of the Ottoman empire. Following that a prelude to the decline of the Ottoman's starting with it's size peaked under Mehmed the 4th in 1683, and following the Great Turkish war (also called the last crusade) which saw a massive defeat for the Ottoman's foreshadowing the decline.

[@KingsandGenerals]

@dudeboydudeboy-zj8kd noted, thanks!

[@dudeboydudeboy-zj8kd]

@@KingsandGenerals you welcome

[@lokkj1641]

Zengi after seeing any weaknesses in the Crusaders. ATTACK DAMASCUS

[@filippospaulou1761]

you have covered th first third fourth crusade and we are ongoing to second crusade . Is there a chance to cover the crusades after the fourth?

[@sidp5381]

Probably the only issue is that there’s not much to talk about in terms of those particular areas because those crusades basically fizzled that rather uneventfully, but it would be interesting. We’ll see what happens. I want them to come back with earlier popular stuff like the Mongols and of course, Justinian and the Byzantine restoration

[@KingsandGenerals]

We will try to cover more

[@londonbudgetgardner5205]

Excellent video GREAT LEADERSHIP, GREAT ABILITY Only for life to be cut short unexpectedly from minor reasons.

[@moflow66]

22:54 The caliph of the time was not Ahmad Sanjar. Sanjay was the a Seljuk sultan.

[@robertfisher8359]

Byzantines and Knights Templars on campaign together...you don't hear that very often (if ever).

[@darrylerren8185]

Question: has the 2nd crusade started all this time, or are we still setting up the groundwork?

[@KingsandGenerals]

Crusade itself was called after the fall of Edessa

[@denizucar3947]

Please do a new Zengids serial ❤

[@MichaelSmith-ij2ut]

10:03 Ohhh going back on your pledge to Baalbek is TIGHT!

[@ronjohnson6916]

Definition of dysfunctional. I wonder if more far sighted leadership could have actually held out in the long run though.

[@Theboin]

I almost completed watching all of your videos .......lots of love ❤

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@BossVonD]

This period would make a very very good serie on HBO. In the style of GOT or Rome

[@georginhoweahvic3977]

fantastic!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you!

[@17-MASY]

Imad al-Din Zengi A liberation Hero.

[@MohamedAli-xu3uw]

Palestinians wished they had guys like him

[@theawesomeman9821]

I knew from Middle-Eastern Christians that "Edessa" is a common name among them. I didn't know the name originated from a historical city until I watched this video.

[@TheA4evr]

John II proving where the word Byzantine came from

[@Melkorleo103]

What the Eastern Romans - Hellenes had was much bad luck

[@bolggamer]

After 7 episodes we finally get to the actual crusade 😂. I love this series.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Is that a bad thing? :-) Want to give the full account.

[@bolggamer]

@KingsandGenerals Not at all! I just think it's funny.

[@Algenro]

Viking invasion of Hispania next please

[@shafqatmansoor9704]

Edessa, an ancient city located in modern-day Turkey, played a significant role in early Christianity and was known for its Christian community by the 2nd century AD. The city became famous for the **"Edessa History Documentary"**, which highlights its position as a center of Christian learning and culture, including the legendary story of King Abgar V’s correspondence with Jesus Christ, which is said to have led to Edessa being the first Christian state in history.

[@aboubakrouladabdellah6611]

After seeing the TF1 movie hearing miners hits different

[@Jericho67777]

Map is wrong, why aren’t the byzantines controlling the northern coast of Anatolia up to Trebizond?

[@hiskakun2276]

I wonder the same

[@tppagripreneurs6919]

Poor Byzantine, everyone wanted to destroyed Byzantine... Enemies are everywhere either Christian or Moslem kingdom

[@kaiserjoe2316]

Anyone else have the thought that Antioch was undefended due to the absence of the Holy Hand-Grenade?

[@محمدیاسینباقری]

Can you creat a viedo for battle of edessa emperor valrian vs shapur I and the result of this battle❤

[@west_samurai0276]

Nur ad din and Salah ad din 💪🏻

[@rexadebayo3380]

Which Fulk? Fulk Nerra of Anjou?

[@yourroyalchungusness]

10:05 i felt dirty reading that dialogue

[@sidp5381]

I would recommend changing the title to fall of Edessa, which is more eye-opening

[@KingsandGenerals]

Placeholder

[@Valenskytoporsky]

I think half part of Crusader is each religion having internal strife