Ancient technology: Saxon glass-working experiment

[@thefreshestslice4105]

The very first thing I thought about when I woke up today was how the Anglo-Saxons made glass specifically in between the seventh and ninth centuries.

[@TheProrage509]

TheFreshest Slice 😂

[@AAAAAAAA-vd6zv]

not the sixth or tenth, though, why would anyone think of THAT.

[@kriegguardsman9117]

Do people think of other things?...

[@hashtag415]

That's strange, because it was the last thing on my mind before bed last night.

[@papal1ef]

It kept me from sleeping last night. Wondering HOW, how did they do it

[@inthemix]

You're right I HAVE wondered what the Anglo Saxons were using between the 7th and 9th centuries to make glass!

[@lindybeige]

I have my finger on the pulse - in tune with the Zeitgeist!

[@AAAAAAAA-vd6zv]

In The Mix not the sixth or tenth, though, why would anyone think of THAT.

[@inthemix]

@@AAAAAAAA-vd6zv couldn't care less about glass making in the tenth!

[@catzzila]

@@lindybeige thanks for the best way to start my weekend

[@hashtag415]

No you didn't you liarhead.

[@RULERofSTARS]

Victoria was adorable! I love seeing people who love their work talking about it. Like Bob Ross, Ray Mears and of course The Beigemeister :)

[@billbolton]

I thought she was either totally enthralled by Lindy, or over awed by the the idea of being on KZbin.

[@SylversVolpe]

@@billbolton I just thought she wasn't used to having her work get that much attention. Which, like RULERofSTARS says, is quite adorable. Being excited for your own work and appreciating others giving your expertise special attention is always a treat.

[@Womberto]

Adorable is exactly the right word.

[@aewhatever]

R.I.B Bob. Your in your happy little clouds

[@lloveAphmau]

I think she stole a few hearts there

[@mrfork178]

Llyod - "I call it a furnace" Also Llyod - "in this kiln"

[@GoranXII]

For a man working without a script, he does remarkably well.

[@nikolasch1997]

For foreigners - where is the difference?

[@pauljs75]

Isn't a kiln just a type of furnace able to reach temperatures capable of vitrification? So either one is technically correct, but one is specific when the goal is reaching high temperatures. (Alternately the term oven could be used just as well, but that is more commonly used in terms of cooking and food preparation.)

[@mostlyharmless7154]

Glass kilns definitely exist...

[@macnudd]

A furnace is to make the glass to the working temperature, a kiln is to slowly bring the glass down to room temperature.

[@ThePreparedNorseman]

Lindy, thank you for being a men's fashion icon we all can look up to!

[@barkebaat]

Second that. Have you bought your pith helmet yet ? I use mine when sailing.

[@ThePreparedNorseman]

@@barkebaat Have not come across one in the shops yet, considering my head sort of all ready has that shape I'm cautious ordering headgear online hah!

[@criffermaclennan]

Disappointed at the lack of beige glass though

[@pattheplanter]

Nine tons of it was not enough? That glass slab of Beth She'arim looked pretty much beige to me.

[@Kriegter]

Lol

[@angelwhispers2060]

Roflmao

[@domino52o26]

@Arya childish much?

[@MyKaddy420]

My goodness, Victoria‘s hair is about as awesome as Lloyd‘s!

[@BallsTheDog]

@kala captain wow ok r00d

[@imouse3246]

Her shyness is extremely endearing. ❤

[@isaacbrown1503]

@kala captain that kids is what we call racist

[@monopoly1027]

*spinning cup of tea* Das Racis!

[@darkdawnbringer]

@kala captain There there Ahab... Have a bacon sandwich... Because you turn into a crazed racist when you're hungry... XD

[@meatshield7206]

Food? Oven Clay? Kiln Iron? Forge Glass? Furnace Hotel? Trivago

[@dr.lexwinter8604]

I truly hate that Hotel Trivago advert. I would never use them on principle. That said, iron goes in a furnace first or you won't get iron stock to work with. :)

[@unknownme4033]

Minecraft furnace: I can do all of them

[@soulofash2112]

Beer? Michelob.

[@terriblej6107]

Oh no, she seemed so nervous. Don't worry you did great. Also fantastic research

[@RealCadde]

I've seen people so excited they get to talk about what they love they seem nervous though.

[@benwade7742]

It's just that she as most people would be, is so enamoured with loyde

[@ScienceDiscoverer]

@@RealCadde Just some camera shyness i think

[@JTA1961]

Afraid she might be fired.♨

[@dennisvance4004]

Saxon 1: Why would anyone want a glass door? Saxon 2: it’s not clear to me.

[@dr.lexwinter8604]

Seaxna an: Se ða ðe glaesport? Seaxna twa: Se ne þurhscinan oþ mec!

[@jamesswanson7213]

Dad? Is that you?

[@stokesy887]

Mr Beige, how is your suit of armour getting on? Please keep us informed!

[@christianfreedom-seeker934]

I am sure he would answer: "ugh, with a bit of effort I suppose!"

[@dr.lexwinter8604]

It will take at least twenty more years of final adjustments. I pity the blacksmith. :P

[@notavailable8130]

I feel barbers and hairdressers are very lonely folks in the UK.. Keep up the great work!

[@guypierson5754]

We don't all cultivate Homeless Chic. Like 5% of us tops.

[@christianfreedom-seeker934]

The "dodgey bohemian look" is all the rage these days

[@cyberbird451]

Based on two people?

[@dr.lexwinter8604]

@@christianfreedom-seeker934 Bohemian? Next you're going to call them French. Don't be so hurtful! :(

[@him050]

Be honest Lloyd, how long did it take you to convince Victoria to talk on camera? She looked so shy, bless her!

[@vincentras2545]

Luke Sparrow how long did it take for Lloyd to convince Lloyd to talk to a woman?

[@cyberbird451]

@@vincentras2545 the same Lloyd who confidently dances lindy hop with women? Yeah I don't think it took him long.

[@dacealksne]

I don't think she was shy. I think she was worried about furnace going out.

[@HorochovPL]

When Lindy goes Primitive Technology way... Know things are happening.

[@rebellaniefanclubholstein]

Best crossover Anime of all time

[@HorochovPL]

...And Primitive Technology just uploaded video to his channel. That's a pity it doesn't feature glassworking.

[@eddiehoney7166]

Horochov PL is that a sentence?

[@rebellaniefanclubholstein]

@@HorochovPL He's already in Iron Age, I daubt it will take much more time.

[@diogenesegarden5152]

Horochov PL I hope he doesn’t start on Noah’s ark

[@kevinoconnell1354]

As a glass blower, I can confirm that you got it about 90% right. You are a quick study, you observations are on point. p.s. I'm happy that glass blowers in every country have a distinct dishevelled look, a mix of 1900 coal burner and excited hobo.

[@kevinoconnell1354]

@Repeat After Me: Natural fibres, no poly or spandex as it could melt. We had a guest in the studio have there wind breaker shrivel up like heat shrink.

[@robertaldaron8617]

As a fellow glassblower, I can tell you that natural fibers can also burst into flame when a young student stands too close to the furnace to keep warm in winter conditions.

[@anachronism9686]

Agreed Kevin, great information and well condensed! We glassblowers are the truck drivers of the art world.

[@ChaosPootato]

Natron as in Natrium, as in Sodium. Quite handy to remember (the symbol for Sodium is Na(trium))

[@gabriel300010]

Nah

[@Amateur0Visionary]

Also, hyponatremia (the medical condition of having low sodium). Not fun stuff.

[@dr.lexwinter8604]

It's only stable isotope is 23Na. Which I am sure was because 22.989769 Na didn't have the same marketing appeal.

[@jayg1438]

Look at the big brain on ChaosPotato!

[@garethbarry3825]

More of Victoria please- seems like such an absolutely lovely person

[@BigBossTussBall]

Lindybeige and an archeologist talking about heating and melting things. Rooster: *HEY GUYS DO YOU KNOW ITS DAY??!*

[@Zombuny]

BigBossTussBall my budgies confirm this

[@Artrysa]

He just wanted everyone to be sure.

[@quietkiwi7572]

That scolar seem just so excited about glass. I love it.

[@Kwodlibet]

Nice, also the Victoria lady - so kind and cute - kudos for giving an interview in her work clothes in the middle of the project. I know people who dress up to take their rubbish out.

[@dingledln]

This is great. Can you do more videos with experimental archaeologists?

[@richardb22]

Yes Please

[@0Fingolfin0]

Miss Victoria looks so nervous in the beginning, but then she handles herself really well!

[@GuntherRommel]

Wow she's adorable. Excellent video, excellent guest, Lindybeige.

[@corwin32]

That tunic would scare the HELL out of me, working with hot glass like that

[@iododendron3416]

It would be incredibly hot in a glass workshop so it would make sense to not wear that many clothes.

[@farmerboy916]

Well if it's wool, it's basically inflammable and not a problem; issues will be mostly cosmetic, maybe some small holes. If it's a flammable natural fabric, the worst that can happen is a spot catches on fire and you slap it, putting it out. You now have a hole to patch and some slightly singed hairs, maybe, but that's it. Even if it the entire thing catches fire and burns off of you, you'd have to be quite daft to let it burn long enough to badly injure you and not take it off. And fabric being quife the insulator, does provide you with a decent grace period of protection from accidentally touching hot stuff. Now if you have a synthetic fabric, that's quite dangerous; it can burn, but melts onto the skin instead of burning off of you, and the natural reaction is to pat it out, driving that molten plastic into the skin of the melting area and your hand. Never work with heat with synthetic materials

[@dr.lexwinter8604]

That's because you're a pansy! We used to do glasswork at school in what was most probably polyester blend school shirts, blazers and ties. That said he could treat his tunic with borax or the like to make it pretty flame retardant. But the number one protective item you can bring to any job site is not being a tard.

[@A.F.M.B.1234]

She looks so stocked, so happy makes one exited just listening to her, I hope she has a great time^^

[@Gizmomadug]

We DEMAND more Victoria!

[@666DarkTommy]

More from Victoria please!

[@5chr4pn3ll]

She should run a crowd source to fund her pyromani...I mean research.

[@dr.lexwinter8604]

Only if that means the crowd funded researchers will refund any taxes of ours they have been given, that'd be great. Especially given how frivolous a lot of research is that gets grant money. Although you'd find only female researchers would get funding, and only if they're cute enough for epsilons to simp to.

[@FalcoTheImpaler]

Lloyd, I appreciate all your content, and it always brightens my day when you post cause I know I'm about to LEARN SOMETHING

[@zombo.]

Awesome to see the passion and dedication these people have for this!

[@klarsen1042]

Typo! TYPO! It says 'deposot'! Guys, we got a typo over here. Call the authorities. I'm not having this.

[@aewhatever]

Wait!!! What? Where?

[@lindybeige]

Highly big drat! That's going to bug me now. Well spotted. Have a beige point.

[@forthrightgambitia1032]

I'm confused, is the typo meant to refer to deposit or depot sot? The latter is a real nuisance in historical re-enactment.

[@nethangarvey1293]

This channel never fails to make me happy

[@Morfeusm]

HaHa Victoria Lucas was so adorably nervous!

[@barkebaat]

Yes, I found it quite charming.

[@davidphin1063]

I thought she was seriously hot. Hope she gets the results they are hoping for.

[@Hiraghm]

That's how we know she's a real scientist and not one of these science-promoters who can't wait to get in front of a camera.

[@hashtag415]

It _was_ rather sexy. (in a scientific kinda way)

[@bbutc]

@@davidphin1063 Hot? I imagine she's been burnt many times due to the nature of her work.

[@Astaroth6161]

Bro, you are the reason I'm studying history :3 🇨🇴🇨🇴

[@1512125]

I don't think anyone get's into the historical field with the hopes of making fat stacks, it's all about the passion. Gonna git that archeology doctorate dun

[@bigmike-]

I swear, Lloyd looks a little more homeless with each episode

[@ws2228]

A sign of a true genius.

[@Mike_of_the_Sonora]

have you ever seen a picture of Einstein in public he looks a bit homeless compared to other people

[@aewhatever]

It's a historian thing

[@MegaAdeny]

That suit of armour and sword are taking their toll, but once he mounts his noble steed and gets on his boat, he shall take back all that is rightfully his from those damned French.

[@christophermitchell4541]

Aka European.

[@Lttlemoi]

Having only half-read the title, I somehow expected you to only wear shorts, not speak a word, play a bit with clay, sticks and fire and make a bunch of tiny little grains of glass from sludge you collected from a stream nearby.

[@redhammer92]

100% what i was expecting lol.

[@HavokTheorem]

This presentation was so good I want to run away to England to study experimental archaeology. Victoria seems so genuinely interested in the same way Lloyd does.

[@elguapo1690]

Oh my god, I love Victoria! She's the cutest young nerd!

[@sugarnads]

El Guapo would you say she has a plethora of cuteness? Would you kill her last?

[@caveymoley]

@@sugarnads Underrated comment! :D

[@gregoryferber3231]

She is a flower. kzbin.info/www/bejne/mGeoZ2toeJx9oJY

[@sugarnads]

caveymoley im just glad SOMEONE got it.

[@ptonpc]

Fascinating video and thanks Victoria. Good luck!

[@Garblegox]

The soot is due to bad air supply; It's incompletely burned smoke. The pleasant smell of burning wood resin is probably just drowned out by it.

[@FreeOfFantasy]

If you don't want your glass to oxidize a fuel rich fire is the way to go. Also you would have to force air into it. Keeping that thing burning is enough work without working bellows.

[@LuxisAlukard]

I don't know why, but I find this video to be one of the nicest looking ones. We need more outdoor videos, with guests or hosts

[@Kolvarg]

Victoria being shy as she was introduced and then eloquently talking about her work was the most adorable and interesting thing I've seen in weeks! Amazing video as always, love how even a video idea that would in normal circumstances sound boring can be so interesting and entertaining.

[@aurelmatthews4164]

How do you manage to produce such wholesome, interesting and educational videos for so long? Can't think of a single video you've made, no matter how simple, that hasn't got me drawn in from beginning to end.

[@BigJo3]

A genuinely fascinating topic, one that caught me by surprise! Great video

[@JTA1961]

Same here.

[@aglaraandune6602]

as usual, another great video from Lloyd. I love this kinda stuff

[@capnclawhammer3024]

I didn't know that the Saxons had galvanized steel! Amazing!

[@capnclawhammer3024]

@@NoobNoobNews Fascinating! By the way, my comment was intended humorously, playing upon the presence of an adjustable galvanized steel signpost in the initial first several frames of the video. But still, nice sidebar!

[@MegaAdeny]

A properly made glass blindfold has the curious effect of making you see better.

[@the51project]

Natron, Cullet & Moyle were the names of the main characters in the 1980's TV show 'The Professionals'.

[@aaronleverton4221]

That comment needs many more likes. CI5 approves.

[@tiitlan]

I am so glad I discovered Lindibeige!

[@kevis6310]

"You're more likely to get customers for a glass blindfold!!!" Oh you mean bifocals?

[@brodieknight772]

I like this. Good job.

[@kevis6310]

@@brodieknight772 Thank you

[@aewhatever]

You stole my perfect comment. ( sigh) oh ok you can have it.

[@kevis6310]

@@aewhatever You gotra be faster than that

[@matthewbuma]

Hi Lindy, Thank you for the videos. I genuinely get excited when I get an update that you have posted a new video. Keep up the great work!

[@narakagati5872]

My Friday has improved.

[@normtrooper4392]

Glass recycling is definitely something I wanted to learn about

[@derpimusmaximus8815]

7:20 "Moil, moile or moyle, absolutely not, repeat NOT to beconfused with mohel".

[@sparkieT88]

That was my first thought

[@terriblej6107]

I thought that was what he was saying lol

[@Nilguiri]

Oi vey, I find that hard to swallow!

[@DarkAvatar1313]

As my Abba always told me, "*Never* buy gribenes from a mohel..."

[@eldorados_lost_searcher]

@@DarkAvatar1313 ... It's so chewy...

[@jaysbooshcraft3889]

Victoria's passion shone through, great video and great guest.

[@jaesungkim5478]

Thanks Lloyd I always wondered how Anglosaxons made glass

[@samfoster709]

Lloyd, I encourage you to woo Victoria Lucas, and participate in continued experimental archeologs together. With your forces combined, history won't know what hit them!

[@Martial-Mat]

Archaologists if offbeat subjects are often kind of quirky in a charming way as this woman was.

[@danceswithdirt7197]

Man, I love this. Some things we take for granted today were such valuable commodities in the ancient world.

[@jonathanswavely7259]

"son or slave or something" Is there a difference?

[@bashkillszombies]

For 18 years at least. Which is pretty good, most things I make don't last a decade of heavy work abuse. Those children sure hold it together well. Although when they're small they're only good for sowing Nike shoes in sweatshops.

[@dr.lexwinter8604]

Yeah. If you end your son people won't screech hysterically at you and abuse you for centuries with entitled multi-generational parasitic demands compared to if you end slavery. Also Spain, South America, and Africa won't rise up and try to kill you everywhere they find you for ending your son. And you'll pay off the weregeld faster than the debt it cost us to end slavery.

[@adamkilroe9840]

Fascinating as usual. I always learn new stuff. Thank you Lloyd

[@09EvoX]

Natron was used by the ancient Egyptians in the mummification process, I believe.

[@416dl]

Knowing something about glass, having studied it and blown a bit of it myself, I have to say that was quite good as an explanation and should make anyone appreciate the remarkable degree of inventiveness and perseverance it took people long ago to develop the technology to create it. Bravo

[@emilynightingale7758]

this looks very interesting, thank you.

[@danielalexander8402]

This answers a lot of the questions I've had about ancient glass making techniques and raises even more about Roman and pre-Roman techniques. I love when I learn something and it shows me that there is a more vast reservoir of information feeding into it than I was able to even guess at before knowing it. Looks like it's time for me to take another trip through the looking glass.

[@RobVollat]

*lloyd explains the reheating theory* "Want to test my theory?" .. "Sure!" "Great! It takes 12 hours of heating every day for weeks! Thanks for volunteering!"

[@chrishewitt4220]

More of this please Lindy... awesome episode!

[@mattmartin8037]

I love Lindy’s wild hair

[@colonelcrockett2250]

Watching the glass blower do his work is so satisfying. Very good informational video lindybeige

[@captaintaco1177]

Was bing watching LindyBeige then he uploaded. Sir William Sydney Smith will have to wait.

[@blompa3254]

Just watched that this morning!

[@Hiraghm]

who doesn't binge-watch Lindybeige? His videos are like potato chips (crisps, I guess); you can't eat just one. Theodore Sturgeon's definition of a dullard: someone who opens the encyclopedia, turns to the entry he's looking for, reads it, then closes the book.

[@brianlawson3757]

Awesome video! I really enjoy period correct demonstrations of smelting ore, casting, and forging. This is the first real example of period correct glasswork I've seen and it really makes me appreciate the roots of these old crafts even more. 😎

[@QlueDuPlessis]

Victoria seems excited to me, rather than nervous. But maybe I'm just bad at reading body language. I'm sure I'd need a pretty thick jacket to go outside in that neck of the woods.

[@L5GUK]

If this was filmed within the last couple of months then not really. It has been absolutely stinking up here. It has been a bit of a return to form over the last week though where it's been hoying it down.

[@Hrodn]

I bet Aadil has never been further north than the M25. The weather has been glorious in Jarrow recently, as it is most summers. Jarrow's not in the Arctic.

[@Gillsing]

She seemed a bit jittery to me. A bit like the stereotypical portrayal of someone high on caffeine. Which would make sense given that she was going to have to stay up all night. And who knows how long she'd _already_ been up?

[@Zander10102]

Fascinating. Lindy steals my time. I saw this and had to stop everything and watch it.

[@Myst109]

Fun Fact: Natron can be artificially created with table salt and sodium carbonate

[@gabreshaa8234]

Or just bought at your local supermarket

[@rayceeya8659]

If I remember right, the glass makers eventually transitioned from wood to charcoal and then coke to fuel their furnaces. Gradually working their way toward more energy dense fuel. The advent of refractory materials to make proper crucibles, to concentrate that energy, helped a lot too.

[@veryGoodTV3]

Wow glass is cool lindy. Continue your platoon explanation videos. Maybe a section vid, or an entire brigade or battalion.

[@AncientHistoryCriticisms]

Thank you very much Lloyd. I added this video to my saved playlist.

[@ashpalmaxe]

There you go, SCIENCE!!! 👍👍👍

[@AW-hg3pc]

I have wondered this before actually. Also more importantly you are actually giving me videos again! Definately keep this up and so some more rants and hypotheses, even if they have some holes and flaws they always make me think.

[@branislavkocic3518]

5 seconds into the video... Instant like

[@Trancefreakeh]

I really enjoy these Ancient Tech video's, Mr. Beige! It's funny/sad how you can produce these very inormative and enthousiasticly made video's and yet many professionals ( paid ) fail to do so. I could listen to you for hours and I hope your youtube data doesn't get erased for years to come!

[@ArichManas]

Just last afternoon I was wondering what the Anglo-Saxons were using to make glass between the 10th and 12th century. Although disappointed, I guess this video will have to suffice.

[@TheMDJ2000]

Absolutely fascinating. Great stuff, Mr Beige!

[@kevinpenlington5020]

Almost everything in the Roman world was made on a massive scale. This led to the loss of native industry, so when Roman economic structure broke down there was a loss of those industries in certain areas. This happened in Britain even to pottery, leading to the rise of the wooden bucket.

[@SuperFunkmachine]

I don't think there really as much of a loss of pottery as some people say there is. There's certainly a loss of volume being made but pottery would of reappeared as an industry on a local level with in a few decades but at a higher cost. Now pottery breaks as we all know, but the other wood, horn an metal don't. And if pottery is now the expensive choice vs horn and wood, any fool can turn a wooden cup or mould a horn, an then volume falls even more an pottery becomes much less in production an higher in cost. Cue pottery being expensive until some one can fund the building an running of a large kiln.

[@frankharr9466]

That sounds like a lot of fun. And a good source of knowledge.

[@tenow]

Interesting body language there on the part of Victoria. Can't say if she's just nervous or maybe humbled by the presence of Nikolas

[@barkebaat]

He will have that effect on women.

[@markrussell4449]

Maybe she was concerned about the state of the wood she was going to use?

[@hashtag415]

@@markrussell4449 Nice and edgy!😎

[@rrobb9853]

Very informative - many thanks. Archaeology - related content is great.

[@OblivionWonderlust]

The BBC should give Lloyd a show or something.

[@OblivionWonderlust]

Seth Hultkrantz shut the fuck up boomer

[@TheBrett1890]

Great video, so interesting. I can see you made that experimental archaeologist happy by showing some enthusiasm in her work, made me smile too!

[@WoefulPie]

Glass blindfolds, ha! Those crazy Romans.

[@bigburd875]

This question has been a great burden on my mind for months now, thank you so much for putting me at ease

[@pjabrony8280]

The moyle takes impurities off the end of a rod. Just like a mohel.

[@IroquoisPliskin42]

i googled it and both words are etymologically related en.wiktionary.org/wiki/moil#Etymology_2

[@hashtag415]

Four years later and _still_ enjoying your content. 👍

[@dwbunloaf8245]

Thumbs up those who googled Victoria Lucas after watching this LOL

[@TheTotalGeek]

I really enjoyed seeing the experimental archeology. Thank you and the team very much.

[@karlmarx7333]

It is a good day and hard decision when Lindybeige and The Metatron release a Visio within 30 minutes of each other

[@kurtlee3198]

how do you sleep at night! that book of yours has been a real nuisance

[@HiopX]

And Shadiversity

[@OnThePlaybill]

Very interesting! I never realized that glass blowers let the heat of the material warm their blowing and that's what is making it expand. Science!

[@rancon265]

Sacrificing Chickens for the Moon Godess gives better results.

[@dbmail545]

Came for the swords, stayed for the glass blowing. Archeology is fascinating.

[@Kikilang60]

I'm wondering how Lindy wears a jumper on August 8th.

[@DarkAvatar1313]

A stiff upper lip and the core of a true Brit

[@Kikilang60]

Mad dogs, and English men...., still, I would wear a T shirt.

[@cholulahotsauce6166]

Next to a furnace no less. No wonder he stays skinny.

[@Kikilang60]

That English persona? They let them retire after a certain age, and they can take a little easy.