MAGNETS: How Do They Work?

The Conquest Continues over on Veritasium: bit.ly/VEMagnets_m
THANK YOU to our amazing Subbable.com subscribers whose donations help keep MinutePhysics running!
Calvin Kennell-Heiling
Matthew Joseph Woolley
TheTripleBstudios - / thetriplebstudios
Mike Ledermueller
Mark Liederbach - plus.google.com/1126375955915...
Stephanie Ahlberg-Rosell - scoutingwithmeurr.wordpress.com
K. Repking
@lifeasasleeper
How do magnets work? Why do they attract and repel at long distances? Is it magic? No... it's quantum mechanics, and a bit more, as we explain in this, the longest MinutePhysics video ever.
MinutePhysics is on Google+ - bit.ly/qzEwc6
And facebook - / minutephysics
And twitter - @minutephysics
Minute Physics provides an energetic and entertaining view of old and new problems in physics -- all in a minute!
Music by Nathaniel Schroeder / drschroeder
Additional music by Kevin MacLeod www.incompetech.com Created by Henry Reich

[@germaincasse]

- How do magnets work? - Oh, they're just a bunch of tiny magnets

[@Gabagabe1]

Magnets all the way down

[@Emoechaiti]

Moving charges

[@jurgensala7181]

Magenets work:One part of the magnet is positively charged (more protons in compostion because when we see a material in microscope we notice the atom that is composed of neutrons with no charge electrons negatively charged and protons positively charged also the nucleus of an atom is composed of neutrons and protons normally and the electrons in orbit to the nucleus.There are only two type of charges in the universe) and the other negatively charged (more electrons in composition).Same charge push each other while different charges pull (attract) each other.

[@leonthethird7494]

the video is more about why some things appear to be magnetic while others arent

[@trygveskogsholm5963]

@@jurgensala7181 Nope, that's the electric force.

[@smallmoneysalvia]

Someone please help, I’ve been stuck in a loop with this video and the veritasium one for 4 years

[@pr1m3r]

me too

[@anandsuralkar2947]

Lol noone can help u

[@randomdude9135]

@@anandsuralkar2947 I can

[@randomdude9135]

@@pr1m3rI assume u r Indian by ur name. It's simple, take the 2nd pu ncert physics n chemistry books or hc verma books, this video has the exact explanation which I read in those books.

[@AppleYou]

Maybe this is what black holes are made of, a circular youtube link topology (btw click here to know why black holes can also be magnetic)

[@haloelite205]

After having taken some advanced physics courses in uni, I have a much greater appreciation for these videos and I appreciate their very clear explanations.

[@noahway13]

Yes, but for the rest of us.... I literally had to pause video every five seconds in some sections to digest what they just blew thru...

[@marcosmongi3499]

me too bro

[@tahamuhammad1814]

Yeah us high school students struggle with keeping up but I'm usually able to understand moat of they say.

[@marpy]

4:53 then, everything changed when the magnet field nation attacked

[@JohnDoe-gb6co]

funny how a superior attacking kingdom would also unify humans

[@Stephen-uz8dm]

Once I start watching these videos, it's hard to stop.

[@ElboxD]

Stephen Zogas I have Machines Theory exam in a week and can't stop watching this videos. T_T

[@Stephen-uz8dm]

Nice

[@evan7201]

Noice noice

[@jackbotman]

One could say , there is a certain attraction

[@gingerinajacket8519]

That is what we call momentum

[@quahntasy]

Those days when veritasium and minutephysics did collaborations.

[@abdullahqureshi1404]

Tell me about it

[@whoreslayer]

yeah tell me about it

[@Tan3l6]

Yeah, tell em' bout' it!

[@mh1970]

Yeah tell me about it

[@rhariharan8046]

I wish they taught us magnetism this way in our schools

[@souravsahoo1582]

you learn more solid things on youtube than books

[@tjeepert9782]

Well, its school. So it would be boring as fuck

[@benjaminjones4008]

Watched this in physics

[@ivutinfamily8262]

@@benjaminjones4008 same

[@braddaily8688]

Consider yourself lucky, they at least bothered to cover this topic

[@fancyghost7358]

0:59 vsauce music starts playing

[@mementomori7160]

I've found this video 10 months too late. That's what I thought at that moment

[@Cute___E]

I had the *exact* same thought

[@dhritishmanhazarika3894]

i frackin love you ahhahaha

[@Puppy_Puppington]

More like “C SAUCE”

[@theaslam9758]

Puppy Puppington huh?

[@BombSFX]

"Fuckin' magnets. How do they work?" was the biggest reason I clicked on this video.

[@mattedmonds6193]

Same

[@cia7832]

same

[@bingbong3643]

Scientists lying and getting me pissed.

[@dannyanderson6472]

@@bingbong3643 kzbin.info/www/bejne/pJysepeIf7-smNk

[@MouseGoat]

because of magnets, you clicked because you got pulled by magnets :P

[@kapilesh14]

I liked how Henry drew the electron shells. He avoided the stereotypical and incorrect depiction of shells.

[@jamesbockover-mccormick5490]

Yeah

[@bennemann]

I know it's been 3 years, sorry if you don't give a damn anymore but... Being a chemist myself, out of curiosity, could I see an example of such "incorrect" depictions? Thank you!

[@thegoodkidboy7726]

Yeah, Bohr model triggers people.

[@quantum.code.x]

@@bennemann Three years later, he’s talking about the atom model which uses concentric circles

[@stefansauvageonwhat-a-twis1369]

So magnetism is Domain Expansion, got it

[@yasmine9046]

I want to cry... I've been searching for HOURS how the heck are magnets working on an atomic/electronic level. Other videos usually brush the how and the why off but yours was precise enough for me to have a clearer understanding of the phenomenon. I'm going to devour your other videos.Thanks, from France

[@jaureguistudios4132]

i'm having the same problem, even after watching this video my brain kinda wants to grasp how magnets work, but the concept still feels confusing, lets see if another couple of hours make me grasp how magnets work

[@AJ-Channel]

So I watched your video. You sent me to Veritasium, then he sent me to you, then you sent me to him. HOW DO I GET OUT OF THIS CYCLE??? It's been...... 84 years.....

[@ohhwee9271]

there is no escape

[@mkfanforever58]

HOW DOES IT WORK?

[@rathiyaserajudeen8840]

why do you wanna escape ???? just explore !😊😊

[@JordanBeagle]

+Alan Jay Yes! Lol

[@gerenaleonray]

This video was released 6 years ago! Silly!

[@Theraot]

Heroes in a half-filled shell, Magnetic Power!

[@weswheel4834]

Ruling with an iron fist indeed.

[@shoam2103]

Turtle power!

[@WingDiamond]

😁

[@Turnoutburndown]

Glorious

[@ominusomega7803]

Why does this comment have so little likes??? This is probably the greatest physics pun I have heard in a loooong time.

[@starrylavanya7405]

one of the best videos on magnetism ever. everyone talks bout how magnets work but no one tells why magnets work? like that is the fundamental concept that if uncleared poses so many doubts , thanks for this video it cleared many doubts ;)

[@arkopravosarkar8136]

00:59 vsauce style

[@jlkoenig4377]

Wow, FINALLY someone explained this in a way that I could at least begin to understand! You guys ROCK! (have you gotten awards yet?)

[@johnclavis]

I'm with you, this finally totally explained magnets to me, right up to the edge of our knowledge, A to Z. Brilliant. One of my favorite science videos ever.

[@ANUPAM337]

I watched it today for the second time and this time I was trying to grasp it in order to teach my class. I realized how each diagram that you drew speaks so much and while trying to learn everything you had to say I ended up having more than 4 pages of notes and so much of amazing magnet's knowledge. Thank you so much for this :) I am not sure if you will ever read this , but you truly inspire brother and I feel like pursuing physics more and more

[@marksimpson2321]

Absolutely awesome as ever! This is one of the clearest (it's still a bit tricky for me) explanations of why you can magnetise certain things and why some are naturally magnetic!

[@MrJdcirbo]

This is a pretty awesome collab! Thanks guys! I enjoyed the imperial electromagnetic empiricism...

[@allendu5954]

Stop the video at 4:26 and pay very close attention to the map.

[@TimLF]

Reality Check that be xkcd

[@memstercentral801]

Sea of meames👌

[@abhikabhi5206]

@@memstercentral801 I'm ready to drown if it's the sea of memes XD

[@vijeykrishnaa2230]

This is gold! Thanks!

[@greentau]

xkcd.com/802/

[@aqualili]

Water, fire, air and dirt

[@madringking1119]

Fucking magnets. how do they work?

[@flushedemoji4690]

And i dont wanna talk to a scientist

[@barthallimixthe2th698]

fifteen thousand juggalos together

[@jo5eph134]

Your perfect

[@cloudboysmusic5223]

I've seen a caterpillar turn into a butterfly

[@brofenix]

This is one of the best explanations of how magnets work that I have found!

[@consciousness5458]

THANK YOU!! I've been researching chemistry as a hobby, and jumping around has led me to the functions of atoms and the structures of unit cells, this feels like a puzzle piece that connects the two. I see it so much clearer now, thank you very much.

[@kitchenjail3546]

Water, fire, air and dirt F@#$ing magnets, how do they work?

[@VeritasEtAequitas]

@@eclipse369. That's just another 2 descriptions. How do the work? All we can do is describe phenomena and give them names. At some level, what is simply is.

[@andrewbowers8402]

2 of these videos are more science than I will ever learn in school

[@MrCmon113]

+Andrew Bowers What schools did you go to?

[@Teth47]

+Taxtro Any school in Texas?

[@BagelBoyyy]

+Teth47 Any school?

[@juancarreno7968]

+Andrew Bowers Wait till you get to university physics II, then you'll learn all about it.

[@freddyfredrickson]

+Andrew Bowers I was thinking the same thing. I really like the Veritasium and Smarter Everyday channels.

[@DeadAimBowLP]

Short answer: "No one knows, that's just the way the universe works." Honestly, magnets are fascinating. If you have ever spent time playing with a magnet experimenting with it and what it can do, It's almost like something out of a science fiction book. Many things can be done with technology nowadays. But this is a simple material that occurs naturally that creates an invisible force that attracts and repels. It leads you to wonder what else out there exists beyond our comprehension.

[@studyhelpandtipskhiyabarre1518]

watch the veritasium video in the description, magnets work because of electric force and special relativity, we understand magnetism, haha but yeah electric force is a fundemental force which just works because it works.

[@dimlighty]

@@studyhelpandtipskhiyabarre1518 this video is about permanent magnets while the Verituasium video is about magnetism due to movements of electric charges.

[@Rei_Tozo]

@@dimlighty which is the same effect, because the tiny magnets explained in this video also have moving electric charges

[@kushmush8714]

They just explained it in the video?

[@jazzling]

how your momma is so fat is beyond our comprehension

[@thebeast5215]

This video really helped me understand magnets in a way I've never before. Thank you minute physics, thank you veritasium. You both really are amazing.

[@MrMariotime123]

me: ah time for a relaxing day with watching minute-long videos of physics with a man with a soothing voice derek: WELL THATS EASY HENRY me: FUCKS SAKE DEREK

[@samhill7246]

Yep

[@alandouglas2789]

+MrMariotime123 To me, Bill Nye is always shouting...

[@celestialtree8602]

Bill Nye: BLAH BLAH BLAH Minute physics: science science science

[@thepilotman5378]

bill nye also like: honk, bang, pow, etc.

[@shlam3inc708]

At least it isn't VSauce.... also whats UR SSN? JK JK

[@a24396]

+MinutePhysics That was a terrific video! Thanks so much for posting!

[@JPThilo]

Loved every second of this Video! Magnetics as an expression of Quantum Mechanics was just the stepping point for me to start to appreciating this kind of observable aspect of what, to the Layman, can be very abstract concepts. It can feel at times as if we are just to take it on faith that we are to accept Scientific Consensus as true, these scientific principals which can feel (at times) counter intuitive to our relative experience of the world as we observe it.

[@MogaTange]

These videos are a fantastic demonstration of how quantum mechanics and special relativity both really apply to everyday objects and concepts that everyone is familiar with.

[@bigstank7638]

ICP should watch this video

[@aztromous2555]

fukin magnets how do they work

[@fuflang]

+poper Pooper Actually It wouldn't help since nobody really knows! ICP could have been referring to protons or electrons as the "fuckin' magnets", and no physicist would have an answer for them!

[@Darkshark1829]

+poper Pooper Well... most of them are dead now, yes? I don't recall them having great fortune after that song/album. Then again, was never a fan anyway.

[@the_original_Bilb_Ono]

+fuflang thats the point. its funny because not knowing something doesnt prove anything. its like saying how does gravity work? see miracles are real! we know how magnets work, just not why.

[@MikeCustalow]

Fuckin logic; how does that work?

[@RSPikachuAlpha]

3:16 I said "Why is Helium next to Hydrogen?"

[@EpiCuber7]

Probably to show that He and H are next to eachother in that they both only will fill the 's' orbital.

[@RSPikachuAlpha]

EpiCuber7 you replied to a 3 year old comment thank you for that

[@EpiCuber7]

@@RSPikachuAlpha :D

[@azizkurtoglu6243]

This video reminded me a physics exam of my student. I helped him telling that when the electrons are aligned in a magnetic material in the same direction, the material becomes like a self-wire in which electrons flow in a preferential cycle. So, this material becomes an electromagnet with no need to pass any current through it. Such a good video reminding me also a bad moment: He didn't pay me for the last two classes leaving no trace behind:))) Good work bro!

[@randomperson1418]

Henry: "technical mumbo jumbo" Mumbo Jumbo: Who called me?

[@ezflykha6415]

Lol what

[@ggkproductions1632]

@@ezflykha6415 It only makes sense if you know who sam o'Nella is

[@James-ht5wk]

@@ezflykha6415 it’s the name of a gaming channel

[@ejrelatorre4254]

Lol I know both Sam o'nella and Mumbo Jumbo

[@randomperson1418]

ok so i just put out this crappy comment and got 80 likes?

[@where0is0my0mind]

Brilliant video, thank you. Probably the clearest explanation of the origin of magnetism I have seen - I get asked this a lot by my students and it's very difficult to explain properly.

[@somastic69]

After watching this video, i still don't know how magnets work.

[@noahwilliams8996]

That's ok. Nobody does. :D

[@Joshua-ch2ij]

somastic69 its a miracle

[@theInternet633]

Electrical fields and relativity. Or in other words: They just do

[@bluesteel7874]

all just observations sadly, but we still have not observe the actual phenomeno

[@creativecatproductions]

this video was more gee-whiz obfuscation than explanation.

[@waiitwhaat]

I would love to see Derek's children react to this video when they're teenagers

[@maxleadleybrown]

THANK YOU! This has cleared up soo many questions I never knew I had!

[@bryanorozco4499]

I like MinutePhysics and Veritasium complimenting each other. 2 great KZbinrs working towards the goal of knowledge together.

[@gcircle]

Watching those two videos, I finally understand how magnetism works. *My life is complete*

[@andresforeronaturphilosoph3119]

Watching the two videos, then, electromagnets are explained by special relativity and permanent natural magnets by quantum?

[@strange_thing-arra-3692]

i have no way to express my gratitude- just... THANKS DUDE. i had been surfin the web for hrs for someone that would explain me you earned a like and sub

[@aviratthakor8974]

This video is amazing! Great job!

[@WolfsCreed397]

If only my teachers were so intuitive and engaging, more people would be more educated with teachers like these guys

[@carlosdorado5673]

Fucking magnets, how do they work??

[@JohnDoe-xs1wv]

every electron has a force when all are pointing in one direction they form a magnet. Molecules are always bombarding their neighbors in a solid but elections also linger in and out of each orbit. The concentration of this dictates the positive and negative force based on the direction of the pull.

[@stonedvideos1]

1:50 "no one knows"

[@folksyoxytocin]

Ahhh, I miss minutephysics so much. I don't know why I love this channel so much but seriously, it's fantastic.

[@matthewsaulsbury3011]

Wow, this is amazing! Very well done. 👍🏻 I like the collaboration.

[@9870321654]

4:58 *Wololo intensifies*

[@bigbrother4932]

Fuckin magnets how do they work

[@22222Sandman22222]

nice reference boi

[@jameskoffarnus]

through miracles

[@bigbrother4932]

TheProudProcrastinator they're all around us you don't even know it

[@Yashpandey467]

phuck you!

[@solomonr9764]

+TheProudProcrastinator IM REALLY HOPING THAT IS A HOMESTUCK REFERENCE...

[@senthilkumaravel1830]

Amazing. Loved it. Thanks for sharing.

[@ashutoshpandit3652]

5 years later! & This video perfectly brings back the sense of nostalgia...

[@robspiess]

Déjà vu

[@DeadpoolJust]

Stuck in a loop...

[@Micmac358]

Has this comment brought you back into the loop? Muahahahaah

[@YoBoiHrcky]

0:02 The wood actually did move

[@rupsaaa2008]

That's what I was thinking lol

[@anitha998]

Brilliant, you helped me a lot with this topic

[@marikleinen1189]

Wow. You put on this KZbin video for such a long time ago, but the information is so helpful in figuring out on what's going on inside of my body, at least, as far as I can understand things from outside of the box than my peers... Thanks for the hints. 😊

[@thejacketeer]

Probably, the best channel about science on KZbin!

[@dargon1084]

See this is why I love quantum physics and general relativity, its when you understand the physics is when your head starts to spin, not when you don't understand it ;)

[@ryandunlap2342]

Amen, brother :)

[@InsideOfMyOwnMind]

But which way does it spin relative to the person's head next to you and does that create a magnetic field or just an anomaly in the space/time continuum?

[@tanmaypaturu3459]

With you

[@JonasHamill]

InsideOfMyOwnMind It will spin in the opposite direction regardless of how far away they are from one another, assuming the two heads are quantumly entangled

[@subhadipkar5469]

What is Quantum theory is

[@1dan1609]

Thank you so much for explaining this in such an easy to understand way ✌

[@askemervigbahnson333]

This is sooo good in comparison with all other explanations of magnetism i've encountered

[@amulyakypa4625]

You guys make physics so much fun! Love your work ❤️❤️

[@ohje7517]

interesting re the Chrome. I recall back in the 80's and even 90's when compact cassettes were also used as a recording medium for music, the better recordings were done with Chrome Dioxide tapes which had a wider dynamic range, though the energy required to record on them needed was higher, only recorders with the CrO2 Bias function could do that.

[@crawdad4823]

Just great work. I wish everybody explained things this clearly. Thanks so much.

[@DavidSmith-bh6ez]

I really, really, really like the style of these mixed videos.

[@joeltunnah]

1:57 “No one knows.” Rare honesty from a science video.

[@thehylian6984]

Ok bubby

[@Kage1128]

The answer is probability.

[@vkhelldog]

Ether theory people know. "quantum". Mechanics are terrible attempts to day the same stuff ether theory explained correctly for thousands of years

[@zichithefox4781]

Yeah delving into quantum mechanics, there's a surprising amount of stuff we just dont know how it works. Things just are and we see them being as such, but we can't explain why.

[@marksimpson2321]

Your comment is a dangerous load of rubbish. Any scientist talking about the scientific method will explain that science is a continusl quest to better explain things rather than prove them and that there are lots of things it doesn't know.

[@user-re4pi4kq2e]

When Veritasium appeared, i was like: ,,shit's gonna get complicated!"

[@googledev566]

Thanks for having subtitles

[@ofeliawotsits6080]

Excellent. Love this great clear explanation, somethIng I didn’t know. Awesome!

[@federicovarela379]

4:25 that map is lit af

[@CoolAsFreya]

TECHNICALLY since we're in a physics class anyway the wood next to the wood does actually do something just not noteable because all things react gravitationally with eachother no matter how small and insignificant it might be

[@In7enseCA]

Gravitational force is the weakest force out of the four.

[@heatherbluelove]

In7enseCA But that doesn't justify us oppressing it CHECK YOUR QUANTUM PRIVILEGE!!!

[@In7enseCA]

Kent I'm just saying that the gravitational force is extremely weak

[@heatherbluelove]

In7enseCA I was being sarcastic and making fun of politically sensitive people :P

[@agamkohli3888]

The woods are not getting closer because the earth’s gravitational force exceeds that of the woods’.

[@ian6083]

Great video! Thank you for such an indepth explanation!

[@lifeofphyraprun7601]

Happy Teachers day!U r one of my most important teachers!!!

[@tom_something]

3:50 - Is there another video expanding on what determines the energy required for atoms to line up in consistent vs. alternating magnetic fields?

[@RazorBaze]

I can assume that it has something to do with the shape of a molecule (like O2, rather then just O - if metals even has molecules); or, with likelihood of a metal to make molecules with any other atoms to cause some impurities in crystals and ore (like oxides, etc.). So, the crystal structure is geometry-dependent, is what I'm saying; and that geometry is surely molecular.

[@ItsDeveshA]

Well, thanks a lot Derek and Minute Physics-like, honeslty, I am currently a student who is in 12th, and this was something that just made me visualize very vividly what all I was studying. Like, I could understand that, but this gave me the FEEL of the Concept. So yes, thanks from the Bottom of my heart!

[@suneetsharma907]

Absolutely beautiful explanation I loved it I love the explanation so much that it's indescribable. Really want another Collab

[@davidfauber8238]

This is such an awesome collaboration

[@olajumokealbert6578]

Finally a guy that explains physics simply without big grammar but in simplicity,thank you , you don't know what you did for me.

[@JCResDoc94]

knew i could cuont on you! i literally said 'veritassium must have covered this'! & here i am. w/more answers.

[@doronl22]

Thank you for great video! Eye opening

[@ilovescienceandgeography8060]

Wow man I am just filled with joy , thanks a lot for this beautiful video

[@breasthound]

YEAH BITCH, MAGNETS!

[@UsmanCh-ch4op]

just what I was thinking! :D

[@goatphilososphy]

(um)

[@pravinda333]

+breasthound Yeah Mr. White. Yeah Science!

[@yogsothoth7594]

+breasthound Wait I thought we did know how magnets work and it was because charged partials interact by exchanging virtual photons but we didn't know why they know to do that to each other so I guess we kind of still don't know. But I just study it at A level so maybe there's stuff they still haven't told me.

[@jackbotman]

Because quantum properties, bitch

[@Eldorado1239]

4:38 "Morning! Nice day for fishing ain't it?! Hu ha!"

[@sidsdabest2416]

Hello adventurer. Welcome to honeywood

[@MrGdsuta]

Awesome explanation! Love it!

[@asadakbar2945]

I don't know how to thank u guyzzz..... I've been searching for such video with such superb and clear explanation

[@FranL97]

- How do magnets work? - Well, Aunt Minnie is in the hospital.

[@michaelstevano9993]

I learn nothing, but i feel smarter

[@kanchanthakur7428]

superb animation!Nice and clean explaination

[@paifu.]

Finally I found a video about this that somewhat goes in depth, I kept having questions about those things.

[@matthewegan5281]

MIRACLES

[@FrankDrebin]

0:59 "or are they?" and you hear music from Vsauce..

[@anettsimon-zsok3943]

Very very good explanation, thank you!

[@rohitpawar3568]

Thanks for such a good explanation!

[@SorinSilaghi]

It's funny, they actually taught us in middle school the sequence of how electrons occupy the different shells in an atom, but they never told us what it means.

[@DERP0CALYPSE]

I am so totally jazzed about how minutephysics, Veritasium, Vsauce, ASAP Science, and the rest of this genre of KZbin videos are starting to piggy back off each other like this.

[@Tommy-T448]

a lot of youtubers play games with each other though

[@harindudilipa1559]

Love this collab

[@theh0lycow]

I remember watching the video back when it released just because it was fun to watch this stuff and flex with my friends that i knew all this but now , 6 years later , i watch this to actually help me in my high school exam

[@WillyJunior]

what are adams

[@adatta3046]

the thing in your throat

[@WillyJunior]

***** no that's actually called an atom's apple i think

[@fizzii5072]

+Bollog Nyessy no, its actually called Adam's Apple.

[@rainverrev2307]

+HeyIt'sFia You must be fun at parties.

[@chuckadams4400]

me

[@macaronieandsteeze]

they work because of miracles

[@hotdogandchips9989]

THANK YOU SO MUCH this video show me a lot of data in what magnets are for my science project!! 😃

[@Bippy55]

This video answers questions on magnetism I thought had no answers. Thanks!