Meet Your Master - Getting to Know Your Brain: Crash Course Psychology #4

In this episode of Crash Course Psychology, we get to meet the brain. Hank talks us through the Central Nervous System, the ancestral structures of the brain, the limbic system, and new structures of the brain. Plus, what does Phineas Gage have to do with all of this?
Want more videos about psychology? Check out our sister channel SciShow Psych at / scishowpsych !
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Chapters:
Introduction: Phrenology 00:00
Localized Parts of the Brain Control Different Functions 1:01
Basics of the Central Nervous System 2:15
The Curious Case of Phineas Gage 2:50
Brain Structures 5:15
Ancestral Structures of the Brain 5:37
"Old Brain" - Brain Stem, Medulla, Pons, Thalamus, Reticular Formation, Cerebellum 6:17
Limbic System - Amygdala, Hypothalamus, Hippocampus, Pituitary Gland 7:31
Gray Matter & Brain Hemispheres 8:32
Cerebral Cortex 9:31
Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, and Temporal Lobes 10:06
Specialized Regions: Motor Cortex, Somatosensory Cortex, & Association Areas 10:32
Review & Credits 11:39
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CC Kids: / crashcoursekids

[@jimmymelonseed4068]

Does anyone else find it ironic that when we can't understand something about the brain, it's our brain that isn't understanding itself... So meta

[@iluvDNA100]

It's the conscious, perceptual brain trying to understand the subconscious, physical brain.

[@elijahfordsidioticvarietys8770]

The mind trying to understand the brain

[@elijahfordsidioticvarietys8770]

But what about the head?

[@animeandstuff5377]

my brain is confused about my brain well damn digity i need to some internal reflection

[@a-rod1527]

very meta. Makes me wonder what is mind, what is intelligence?

[@nbultman_art]

what if phinneas gage was just pissed that his eye was missing?

[@saraa2704]

Nick Bultman that's evaluation:))

[@theonlychickensama8353]

It's possible, I mean he took a pole through the face...he might be just a tad salty lol

[@siennadumas5702]

irritability and personality changes are associated with PTSD. I'd say a pole going through your head is a pretty traumatic event which could trigger PTSD.

[@uthmanrahmah5198]

😂

[@jasonx2539]

@@siennadumas5702 r/woooosh

[@maxmusterman3371]

"for now, if you payed attention, you have learned..." *me realising i was in thoughts (about something) for the past 2min*

[@atheris1641]

Samee xd

[@SayokoAkuma]

Happens to me during those videos every now and then too... like backin school. Only difference is that you can just rewind it or pause to take the time you need to process what you heard

[@mudhen24]

Psych exam in 3 hours, these videos are such a help.

[@diogoluis5990]

+ryan bresnahan eeeeeehhhh Syd Barrett pic!

[@taalibm]

+ryan bresnahan How did you do is the real question

[@mandelankwazi4982]

+ryan bresnahan You should not cram

[@alicekliewer]

+ryan bresnahan I hope you did well on the test, you crazy diamond.

[@mudhen24]

sauron saruman Ha, you know my picture I see! You're one of a handful that have recognized Syd.

[@rogerdotlee]

I wonder just how much my life would be different if Hank and John were my science/literature teachers in high school.

[@mksabourinable]

I luckily had a teacher very similar to them for History class, I wish more teachers were like them.

[@whyispickingusernamessohar5559]

My psychology teacher was so bad, one time I asked him what part of the brain he was talking about and he said "the frontsipital lobe"

[@rogerdotlee]

Kate Speaks Very fortunate indeed. Most of my high school teachers were teaching because it was the only sure fire way they wouldn't have been drafted into Vietnam. There were exceptions, of course, but they were just that: exceptions. A good teacher who loves their field and loves teaching is worth their weight in gold.

[@lovelylittlegirl3332]

Who is John? Where can I find him?

[@robinchesterfield42]

+lovely littlegirl John is Hank's older brother and does other subjects on Crash Course--like world history, American history, literature and more. The style is pretty much exactly like this only about history and stuff. :) (He's also the one who wrote "The Fault in Our Stars", if you know that.)

[@islamispeace333]

Your brain is the most important organ...According to your brain.

[@tommytucker5464]

We can live without lungs or a heart?

[@daankoenraadt1489]

brains named themselves

[@ArkhanNightman]

If we can replace them with implants we can probably live without them. But that sounds very expensive.

[@shriyasridharamaiya9216]

***** this comment makes an awful lot of sense xD

[@ferrinleonsons6620]

That sounds like backwards cyberman

[@child9125]

I wonder if the doctor said ''Fascinating!'' after Gage coughed out brain.

[@matiyev]

Wow, how british would that be.

[@Geoffrey454]

Child or if he just screamed... Depends how detached a doctor he was I suppose

[@Prerieful]

Child that too... A cupful of 🧠

[@fallenmango6271]

“You dropped this”

[@edgymoji8260]

“Outstanding move”

[@shojintam4206]

Old brain: 7:15 Brain stem (core) Medilla (Automatic control) Reticular formation (arousal 激發) Cerebellum(Non verbal learning memory, voluntary motion, time) Limbic system: 8:08 Hypothalamus (Memory consolidation 鞏固 emotion) Amygdala (regulate temperature, circadian rhythms生理節奏, hunger, govern endocrine system) Pituitary gland( produce hormone) Hippocampus (Learning, memory) Two hemisphere (Think, speak, perceive) Left(Language) Right(creative) Cerebral cortex (Thin layer) 9:59 Frontal lobes(speaking, planning judging, abstract thinking 抽象 personality aspects) Motor cortex(control voluntary movements, send messages) Somatosensory cortex(processes incoming sensation) Partial lobes(sense of touch, body position) Temporal lobes(comprehension sound, speech) Occipital lobes(information related to sight)

[@Offlian]

Every psych class I've ever taken always has the story of Phineas Gage in the beginning of the text book. I can't blame you for using him, since he's such a helpful case study, but my god if I hear the story of Phineas Gage that isn't in the form of a limerick ONE MORE TIME. Seriously, the man deserves a limerick with a name and story like that. Phineas Gage, on every texbook page. Working the railroad for a living wage. Took a spike to the head But he wasn't dead Just a little weird, with some meanness and rage.

[@mileena9185]

Oml loolll

[@missrosesolo2437]

The limeric is funny. I love it 🙂

[@zhaobryan4441]

future Nobel Prize winner in the literature category.

[@anwarihamzah9645]

How about a story of one named Nicholas Cage?

[@samiadcock6993]

I love this guy! He's so lively during his lessons.

[@doraaaa0613]

Yeah, he's a bit tricky though. He keeps me engaged through his liveliness but if I drift off for just a second I'd have missed a shit load of information and it's a little hard to get back on track. Or maybe I'm having a slow day. xD

[@robinchesterfield42]

Took an actual _spike through his brain_ and literally just walked away from it? Damn. That's a whole new level of "like a boss"!

[@kal4636]

I am a sophomore who is very interested in going into psychology, and I just really think it's interesting in itself. It's amazing to have this free course because psychology courses aren't available until I am a junior and it'll be nice to have a headstart, and possibly learn things I won't learn or discuss when i do start it in school. And i really love the way things are explained here and having the animations make it more interesting and more likely to be remembered.

[@SteelTimeify]

***** Kayboom I am going to give you advice that will help you make a better decision in both of your future careers. If you truly plan to major in Psychology, you have to get either a Masters or a Phd in whatever field (Neuroscience, Industrial Organization, Clinical, Behavioral, Cognitive, Educational, etc..) of psychology you plan to study. You cannot, and I repeat, you cannot do much if anything psychology related with a Bachelors. If you want to become any type of Psychologist, you need a minimum of a Phd or a Masters in some cases. So if you still are interested, you have to really consider if you are willing to be in school for an additional 5+ years after you get your Bachelors in Psychology. Iv'e seen many people get a Bachelors in Psychology, but never attend Graduate school to pursue a Phd. Without that Phd, you cannot become a Psychologist. So basically many people do not finish. Iv'e also noticed many people are not aware of the length of the career. You guys can do it, but you have to be realistically aware of what you are getting yourself into. This is a rewarding field with a lot of potential once you graduate. You either go all the way or don't do it at all. Wish you both the best of luck.

[@SteelTimeify]

You are most welcomed. I hope you find your ideal career. Just remember, you want to get a career that you will not struggle to find a job. After all, we do not only go to school just to learn, but to also grow economic wise. My advice to you is to job shadow a couple of careers you may be interested during the summer, when most students are off school. You can learn a lot from job shadowing someone for a couple of days. You will be able to acknowledge the environment in which you work in and the people you work with. You may then realize if a certain career is or is not for you. Yes I am a Graduate student in Psychology.

[@SteelTimeify]

There you go, and best of luck. You cannot go wrong with job shadowing. Hope you have a safe and happy new years Rose!

[@haliep3825]

He makes sense of everything as if he was in a normal conversation. I could listen to him for hours without getting bored

[@Robert-hi8el]

I'm here cause I hate my psych textbook.

[@josephmclord]

Me too , it's extra subject , but still , the book is so bad (bet worse than your textbook) that I won't read that book even for an extra subject

[@rydohg]

razielx7 G Same. When my psych professor gets lazy, she just plays these

[@helgemarcsuarez87]

Robert dude I have the Myers AP Psychology

[@licensetochill1299]

Same. My professor is a psycho too lol

[@meikajorgensen8411]

@@helgemarcsuarez87 same

[@myarogulskipalmer1133]

I hope this guy and the team get paid well this is a great show

[@summer0400]

"Hey girl,why don't we watch some crash course together, I'll bring the blanket and puppies."- 7:00

[@kambojsbTech]

AP PSYCH STUDYING CONTINUES

[@nadirabhowal5118]

same

[@richielavey1565]

+Nadira Bhowal yup

[@marivadeborde1315]

+kamboj sb same bruh

[@richielavey1565]

+Mariva DeBorde good luck guys!!

[@dragonflyace]

im taking it this year and the teacher played the first episode of this.

[@nicksantana3944]

Maybe I can finish this playlist before tomorrow.

[@patriccklee]

+Nick Santana yo same

[@ryanmoon1788]

+Patrick Lee bro same

[@steph12_]

Woop woop

[@marivadeborde1315]

+Nick Santana bruh sammmeememee

[@dn8601]

Nick Santana considering that a year has passed did you finished it !?

[@ciahalicooo]

The way he said "oh, that doggy is soft" had me crying 10:44 This is just for self reference

[@imaginareality]

I want to watch all of these psychology crash course videos but I'm really tired and almost fell asleep during this video :-( Why do I always find the best youtube channels at night after spending hours randomly surfing the internet, dying of boredom?

[@fidencio633]

You are not alone.

[@mik8990d]

+imaginareality When life is easy(or boring) you got to kick it up a notch.

[@elmamuslic1783]

imaginareality Sameeeee dude same

[@dn8601]

imaginareality if you like this than you should check out "kurzegat"

[@solanita3]

Everybody there goes your thesis topic

[@airsoftbeast11234]

This playlist is gonna double in views tonight

[@mliffindnuder8597]

Phineas Gage? More like Phineas Rage. ...I'll go now.

[@FowShowFB]

I'm still blown away at how much information gets crammed into these incredibly entertaining, yet short videos! I was able to study for my 104 Midterm in a matter of hours, instead of days! Thanks Hank

[@SuperClayCrazy]

The brain named itself "brain." O_o

[@DeekshaTries]

mind fucked

[@SuperClayCrazy]

^

[@PagesofXeera]

+RoyalRose Mind. Blown.

[@keukenkastje05]

+Carly Anderson (Carly) Hah! Just like Phineas Gage... Too soon?

[@2CSST2]

+Jillian Rose Some people are mind blown by obvious statements...

[@Amber-kp7iv]

From someone who just took a psychology exam, this is very helpful! Thank you

[@chefkendranguyen]

I was just thinking about left handedness and right handedness a second before he answered it. I loving this series. Hank you Rock! :)

[@afthefragile]

Hand dominance is separate from cerebral hemisphere dominance but they are linked. It's like almost 100% of right handed people have dominant left hemispheres and 94% of left handed people have dominant left hemispheres. So like only 6% of people have a dominant right hemisphere. This isn't to do with creativity and analytical skills but to do with which sides your speech centres are and such.

[@mcsquared28]

I swear everyone is here trying to cram for the AP psychology exam today. Good luck everyone!

[@mexicangirl1320]

Even though we know cramming doesn't work. Thanks Spacing Effect

[@broccoliman8171]

yep

[@mcsquared28]

+iliana mendoza I mean at this point I'm just doing anything to try and feel more prepared.

[@tou7331]

yea... two months ago

[@sadrien]

because 3 months ago is standard time for AP exams XD....

[@fickup9]

Im here for the knowledge and learning to know my self better

[@atheris1641]

Fickry Afriansyah me too :)

I'm only at 1:34 and I would bet my arm on Hank talking about Phineas Gage at some stage in this episode. How do I know this? Because we were taught about Phineas Gage EVERY SEMESTER in my degree. "So do you guys know the story of Phineas Gage?" "YES" "Oh. Well I've already got the slides up here, so do you mind if I-" "YES" "Oh. Well it'll be good to refresh your memory won't it, so-" "NO"

2:53 Looks like I get to keep my arm.

[@leahhall7504]

I’m 8 minutes in realizing I’ve been reading the comments the whole time and don’t know anything he’s said lmao

[@malvingodwin3125]

Hahaha

[@ItsMeToryD]

"This is not a corndog." Love it. Need it.

[@marianhenderson1759]

Man why is no one talking about how Hank just dragged all the journalists and armchair psychologists who forwarded pop-psychology This is why I love these videos lol

[@jeffreybernath6627]

"Pop psychology - a behavioral disorder in which journalists and armchair psychologists use research... to sell newspapers, or reinforce previously held beliefs." I peed a little from laughing so hard.

[@Panpea]

I ironically got a headache after watching this video

[@ViganSokoli93]

The brain is too complex to understand itself, thus reasonable. [Reference: Hank - First Psych Video]

[@GrampaClan]

its crazy that it takes teachers a couple weeks just to go over this when a well produced video and well spoken genuine guy can do it in about 13 minutes. teaching structure man

[@GrampaClan]

+Shane B. I must admit you are right. But I'm fresh out of school and I guess even though I didn't pay attention much, this was more of a review video and then building upon forgotten information. I agree that with no prior knowledge to any of this it would be hard to 100% retain everything but you must admit crash course does a good job of teaching in a way people will actually pay attention to. You even said you watched thousands of hours watching them.

[@GrampaClan]

+GrampaClan also you wrote so much I didn't bother reading all of it so if this doesn't make sense, that's why

[@Dsinkular]

As a Social Studies teacher I have been using the World History videos for a couple of years now. I am ecstatic that you are now working on Psychology. Great job and keep it up!

[@AlexLopez0506]

I pause it for a second and come back to "Ooh, that doggy is soft!" I'm supposed to be typing notes instead I'm laughing.

[@crashcourse]

In this episode of Crash Course Psychology, we get to meet the brain. ***** talks us through the Central Nervous System, the ancestral structures of the brain, the limbic system, and new structures of the brain. Plus, what does Phineas Gage have to do with all of this? Meet Your Master: Getting to Know Your Brain - Crash Course Psychology #4

[@TarekMidani]

Thanks. It was informative and, as always, well made.

[@isabellagarcia2023]

OMG I didn't even watch the video but I'm pretty sure that the guy on the thumbnail is Phineas Guage...

[@ThePUGcast]

there isn't a psychology playlist for these series ?

[@jonathanmacintyre8303]

Okay Hank, I have to ask--where's your blazer from?

[@marihanmf3899]

If u had done that vid just one month earlier xD it would have done a huuuuuuge difference uhu uhu :D

[@henrypham4803]

Trying to study for the AP test tomorrow like "What is procrastination?"

[@alig6616]

same, This is honestly the best way to procrastinate. lol

[@eurydiceapologist]

Me currently. 12 hours til the exam and who needs sleep?

[@anaghagore6830]

While teaching CNS, I showed my 5th grade kids the animation with Gage to show them how different centres of the brain control different things and they loved it! They were fascinated by the story and understood the division of functionality of cerebellum, cerebrum and brainstem better. Thank you!

[@brookestock]

Crash Course, you teach what my professor doesn't. Thank you! I couldn't have done it without you this semester. Big heart eyes.

[@RoMaNiN6969]

Thank you so much for all these videos, they are extremely helpful. You guys are making a tremendous impact on how students study and reinforce their knowledge. Keep up the awesome job!

[@brittneyculbertson7819]

I've been watching scishow for years and crash course since it started. I love this stuff. And it really comes in handy right now because I'm taking a psychology class where my teacher doesn't teach me anything and the book is long and boring. Hank makes it extremely fun and the animations really help me learn. I'm recommending this to my class tomorrow. Midterms are coming up this week. Thank you so much.

[@DavidLiotta]

This video answered every question on the study guide for my brain test. Hank Green you are my savior. Thank you for everything you do.

[@tomdahulk]

Great show Hank, this brings me back to AP psych in high school and it's awesome to see the material again presented this way!

[@brotatopotato5402]

AP Psych test in 3 days. Good luck to you all who also have the psych test (and AP environmental science test) on Monday!

[@conradr10]

+BrotatoPotato thank you you too

[@TwistedLogixx]

Hank, you are literally my saviour. Was about to give up on my uni revision about the brain, neurons, perception etc. (everything psychology) and then I found crashcourse. It not only provided me with the info I really needed, it also peaked my interest in the subject and helped me remember it better. Thank you!

[@odiedub7523]

As a seventh grader who is looking towards majoring psychology, this is a great amount of help. Although more than half the time I don’t understand what he is talking about.

[@livvybingham1862]

Odie Dub Don’t worry friend, I’m a psych major and I barely know what he’s talking about. You’ll be just fine

[@redhotchilipepper432]

have a psych exam tomorrow and the biopsychology chapter is KILLING ME

[@Aussiepingpong]

This is pure brilliance! I have an exam coming up soon and it covers mains parts about the brain. This is so useful!

[@veganlifechange]

I am new to a love of learning and I just wanna say that your videos are the first time I've wanted to pick up a note pad and take notes. Which is exactly what I did! Fascinating stuff. :)

[@lukegodbold6696]

AP Psych exam is on Tuesday. Dear God.

[@toothfairy10133]

*glances in the general direction of Psychology* Psychologist: HEY have you heard of PHINEAS GAGE

[@philiplo5991]

The videos that describe the chemical and biological part of psychology are really well explained - I actually have to download these so I can just watch it anywhere, since the textbook I have are crap at describing the topics discussed here. Thanks a lot for making these videos!

[@thebasicvegan7726]

These videos help me understand psychology so much more this makes me fall in love with psychology thanks to Hank Green.

[@ViriditasCollective]

ive been a huge crash course fan for years and I'm so happy that you guys finally did a physics series (so glad!!!!), but im waiting for an earth science series besides ecology (i.e. environmental science or geology). i love these videos!

[@Sup3rD4ve]

Fun Fact: Hank's shirt is based on a painting by René Magritte, entitled "The Treachery of Images (La Trahison des images)". In French, it reads "This is not a corndog". And it's true: it's only a *drawing* of a corndog. Well, technically it's a silk screenprint of a drawing of a corndog. Actually, it's a silk screenprint of a drawing of a corndog that's been transcoded to FLV, uploaded to the internet, downloaded by your computer, displayed as a video by your screen, sensed by your retinas and processed by your brain into a coherent *image* of a silk screenprint of a drawing of a corndog. Mind = blown.

[@kellierosedemmel9935]

I can't wait to watch this 47 more times...

[@natalieelessar]

came across this video without knowing Hank Green is in it :) love him, he made my psychology research even better

[@kawaiibookworm]

WHERE WAS THIS WHEN I TOOK MY INTRO TO PSYCH MIDTERM?!?!?

[@henryhood8401]

Thank you, this was really helpful for my psychology test!!! I know you guys make money at this and don't really need support like you might have used to, but I really appreciate your work!

[@meowxallie]

HANK! Blesssss!!! Thank you for explaining this, the hardest unit of AP psych thus far...I was so confused as to what "old brain" meant and I didn't know how to process all the structures and organize them logically, now I do! THANK YOU!!!!!!

[@complexionapplication8555]

The speaker is so energetic! love it!

[@bellakurosaki]

You just replaced my AP Psych teacher :)

[@mimi15798]

Hank, I really appreciate this Crash Course. Im so glad it is aligned with the AP psychology course! It would be helpful to all of us in AP Pysc if the series could be completed as much as possible to the AP exam though, please take this into consideration! :) Thanks

[@MrDementedCrusader]

It doesn't matter what this man is talking about because I always feel great about myself when listening to him. He just exudes the feeling of "Hey man don't worry about it, we all gonna be cool and chill."

[@makke_]

These videos are just amazing... thanks to the whole team!

[@damnage97]

I don't understand why any Crash Course video would get downvotes. Some people must hate all that "book learnin".

[@fatimayousfi4150]

so much information how do people remember all this

[@kaylubbrown7885]

this whole time i was watching and he’d say sum like this controls ur sense of touch. i’d touch things to use that part of my brain while learning abt it. it helped me remember

[@afterlife2159]

Thank you, these videos have truly helped me to retain a lot of info and pass my class.

[@VCheesey]

3:00 Ooh, I've heard this one before!

[@fartzinwind]

I wish more people knew that the 10% brain thing was wrong... if they did the movies like Lucy wouldn't keep coming out...They even shoehorned Morgan Freeman in there, I think because he hosts Through the Wormhole.

[@erikasteele7717]

Even though I know we use 100 percent of our brain, I still wanted to see Lucy. Just for fun.

[@chrisq.3489]

Do you mean we use more of our brain than they say we do

[@weirdpersonincoming5369]

Lucy was cool af though. Movies can be fictional. Just let it be. Theory is wrong but still interesting and cool.

[@sanaearthfire3833]

Ok, Its not true but many many MANY people still dont USE their brains at least PROPERLY...They let their brain power fade n slip away through ages......

[@nickdummythicc3361]

fartzinwind Haven’t you ever heard of Sci-fi or fantasy?

[@brettbarnes741]

It's the night before my psych 101 exam and these videos are going to get me my 4.0!

[@warriorsofsuccess9324]

Great channel! Humor, science, and history collide! Love it

[@himanshukhadloya]

Your brain has millions if not trillions of brain cells with two major types referred to as Neurons and Glial cells. Glial cells are considered supportive and nurturing cells that help Neurons function at peak performance. Neurons are the brain cells that conduct and produce the emotions, motion, and thoughts on a daily basis. These behaviors are the result of neurons communicating with other neurons electrically and chemically. A neurochemical is sometimes referred to as a “neurotransmitter”.

[@danishgrey3529]

Go you, I support. Thanks for the info!

[@Lun4812]

So everybody's brain is the same. We all got the same components but the quantities of the chemistry and the information we acquire is different. Which explains why we look at things so differently. And just like Phineas proved, injuring your brain can cause your mood and personality to change drastically. Which means we don't really have free will. We're all delicate machines going with the flow of the universe. Planning our next moves based on our experiences and mood swings; which are physically and chemically bound. How can you really judge someone knowing it is how they were programmed to live? I love you all people because you're me in a different form.~

[@CaudilloSilovik]

I think you read way too much into that. Just my opinion.

[@edwardcosta2931]

But as Hank said, we have very little data on what he was like before or even after the accident. It's possible that he wasn't any different and people only perceived him as different because they had preconceived notions of how someone would act after getting shot through the head with a metal pole. Or, maybe he was different and acted angry, but only because people looked at him weird and were always asking to see the hole in his head, which is why he moved away. I'm not attempting to attack your beliefs, I'm simply saying that Phineas didn't prove anything. Also, I'm not a machine and have chosen to make this response of my own free will.

[@MalevolentFae]

Edward Costa That is false. There quite a few links between your personality and the frontal lobe of your brain. Any injuries will affect your personality. Luna Well, there is more to it than just different information and quantities of different chemical quantities. Your genes have some direct links to your personality, you had a certain temperament as a child as well. Either passive, active or something in between because of these genetic differences. And your brain is not made from the same mold 100% either, there are slight subtle differences too. So yeah, adding these facts, we are most likely just biological robots without free will. We do have consciousness and we "know" things, so that we can control our behaviour, but we can't dismiss the fact that regardless of these things, we still follow a very linear course of actions regarding the things we are surrounded by.

[@Lun4812]

Edward Costa You don't have free will. You replied to me as a reflex. Something in your head told you to do it. Because you've been raised a certain way, with a different kind of thinking and you've developed a different logic system. Everything that doesn't fit with your logic deserves more attention from you. That's how we are all programmed to be Contrary to popular belief, having no free will isn't bad at all. It's rather beautiful. We're all part of this mechanism of cause and effect that compose the reality we live in. If there is a god, then he must be hypnotized by watching his creation unfold.

[@deraal86]

Luna the question wether we have free will or not is pretty much irrelevant, since we can express to, and act to, something we perceive as a free will. maybe you dont have the exact same choices to think that an other person has, but you have a hell lot of different and very similar options. It's as irrelevant as discussing the existence of god as an atheist, maybe there is one, maybe not, but his influence is not noticeable so we can dismiss it in science. another problem with your statement, is the understatement that everything is fixed, but it's not. you could force yourself to like something or think another way, your brain will adapt to a certain degree and by it change your "pseudo free will"

[@megatronisfun]

I used this as a review for my Intro to Psych class and it helped tremendously. Hank Green rules and he saved my grade. Thank you!

[@Mariana8anairaM]

I was looking low and high, inside and outside the internet and a few books, but this explanation is by far the best there is. Thank You so much! :) Love what you do :)

[@FoolysMindbrainedmydamage]

That part about temporal lobe damage can cause someone to not recognize faces very well is interesting. I have left temporal lobe brain damage and along with having difficulty learning know stuff and comprehending it (like a lot of what is being said in these videos) I have a hard time remembering faces. I have in the past mistook two co-workers as the same person. Although, there was more at play then just the face, many of them had different hair colors, so you'd think I'd remember at least that. One job I had, I got a black haired Hispanic guy mixed up with a blond haired white guy, this went on for a month or so.

[@redredornblack]

you are not alone :)

[@jeremyg6008]

Research Frigoli's syndrome. Not directly like the symptoms you described, in fact it is much more severe. Just imagine walking downtown and everyone you see is perceived as a family member or close friend in disguise. Very rare disorder. check it out!

[@TinyBreakfastTable]

Learning to read uses the part of your brain that is responsible for facial recognition. A study I read a while ago showed that those who never learn to read are incredible at facial memorization. Where as people who learned to read at a young age and read are noticeably worse. So the more you read the worse you are. This might be a part of your experience. :)

[@redredornblack]

TinyBreakfastTable wow, are you serious?

[@mrjt1081]

the speed of which these information leave my head is about the same as his speech, lol.

[@ginismoja2459]

Same. Even faster.

[@JurnellG]

Thank you so much for another very informative video. Learned a lot.

[@evasuissa9261]

These videos are amazing!!! Wish I discovered them sooner. Thank you!

[@magicpumpkinpie]

Love your courses, they are brilliant. Any chance of a Linguistics one in the future? Thanks :)

[@darlenewagner8770]

I feel like I'm the only person watching for fun.

[@johannauhl8862]

no I´m also here for fun.

[@robinpreble3940]

So am I, but I do use these for cramming in bio

[@Bastakology]

You're not alone.

[@animus1785]

yeah your not xD

[@094s9]

Why are there commenters like you on every crash course video? It's so annoying. "Like if you're watching this for fun." "Who's here for fun and not cramming for exams?" "I'm nine and I'm watching--I deserve a cookie." Stfu.

[@jenniferczerniawski9177]

Great job! Love that you dispelled the notions that we only use 10% percent of our brains and left/right brain dominance!!

[@SelexaSykes]

I LOVE THIS NEW SECTION.Thanks CrashCourse xx

[@fedas15]

What's sad is that many people treat psychology and biology as very separate things.

[@MarcianusImperator]

Well, psychology can be included in biology as it studies the brain and processes taking place in it (the brain being a very physical part of our body and behaves/functions in a very biological way) however, conciousness (understood in a broad sens, including memory, urges, feelings etc.) is hardly as easily understood as, say, how our muscles function. To put it plainly, it is biology as it studies the brain, it is perhaps something different as it studies what the brain generates (consciousness and all it's parts), that being more abstract, more difficult to define and categorize.

[@x000ooox]

Physiology and psychology are very separate things. You cannot reduce human behaviour to brain parts, neurones, genes and proteins. Life is much more complex than that, that's why we need to triangulate (draw on many different fields to come to conclusions). I think the biggest difference is that physiology is about explaining, and psychology is (mostly) about understanding. Social science and natural science are distinct. Both are very important, and they should not be treated as the same thing.

[@GuitarGuy190]

x000ooox Psychology is to biology like quantum mechanics is to general relativity (I hope you know enough physics to grasp the distinction). They are two different approaches to understand the same entity. And it might have two different explanations too. Our cognitive abilities are studied by psychology whereas the physiological functions are studied by biology.

[@MarcianusImperator]

Guitar Guy Nice analogy.

[@mossyhemlock]

well neurobiology is a part of psychology

[@herbiepop]

Excellent animation and graphics.

[@thelonelydirector]

I concur. I was really happy when I got these animations.

[@rishitajain5954]

You should start a playlist on forensic science

[@EyesisDaGemstar]

Your videos are super helpful!

[@ECdeadly44]

I like the uh, 'Gin and Juice' reference. This channel is fun AND edumacational. I am game.

[@daisyah_]

Am I the only one here genuinely interested in psychology? Like im seriously considering becoming a psychologist

[@katywright8161]

You should! The world could use more great Psychologists! Just know that there is so much more to Psych than watching 11 minute youtube videos...lol

[@Mythical444]

Not a promising profession

[@bullrun2772]

DJblackhurricane really that is wrong

[@blooflamgo]

Same

[@j.jacquelinevelazquez5862]

I love this courses they help me so much every time I have a test!!!

[@jeh0193]

Thank you so much, Crash Course for these amazing videos! I learned a lot from this and I'll be taking a Biopsychology class this spring term. ^^

[@scirrhia_kruden]

Can you please take a little aside to explain the difference between "sentience" (the presence of sensation, the ability to perceive one's environment) and "sapience" (the capacity for wisdom and comprehension)? I'm tired of people, including you Hank, of using "sentience" instead of "sapience".

[@Michael_Raymond]

I, for one, had never heard of this distinction. I'd love to see it in the next episode!

[@ericvilas]

I'd never heard of that distinction either, but it does make sense! I always wondered why, it seemed to mean 2 different things depending on who used it.

[@SarahSubey]

Yes, please!

[@rockoman100]

Sentience: "Awareness: state of elementary or undifferentiated consciousness". It seems nobody agrees on any definitions related to or concerning consciousness.

[@Beer_Dad1975]

I think it might be an American thing - I've never heard any educated from anywhere else get them mixed up (no, not saying that Americans aren't educated, I just think perhaps they don't distinguish between sapience and sentience)

[@lydiamontoya-enderle9145]

I am a 13 year old who's completely in love with psychology, and this is what I watch for fun. I am a nerd truly

[@danielledowney6460]

same here

[@claudiabasson2079]

same😂

[@danielledowney6460]

+Claudia Basson yayyy we are not alone

[@shaheerziya2631]

Me too!

[@DataExpungedNull]

Same here, except I love knowledge in general, not just psychology :)

[@aleynab8583]

I can never drink a cup of tea without remembering the peice of 🧠 that flew into the Dr's cup.

[@michaelamadeira9217]

Thanks so much, Crash Course! Helping me study for my Human Growth and Development CLEP this Friday.

[@dbaker280]

How can we be sure that Gage wasn't just pissed he had two gaping holes in his head thanks to the labor he was expected to return to? I know we have CAT/PET scans and scans on cats that can show localized functions now, but why didn't scientists just attribute his symptoms to a crappy experience?

[@dbaker280]

Sam Lee And there is the issue with the case study. But the magical EEG machine says its true so I guess it truly was brilliant deduction.

[@SteelTimeify]

Because we know that damage to the frontal lobe causes irrational control of a person's emotions. Back in 1935, a man by the name of Antonio Egas Moniz performed the first lobotomy. He also won the Noble piece prize (1949). The U.S. adopted this technique before psychiatric medication was invented. They basically wiped out the frontal lobe from the pre-frontal cortex. Anywho, some of the results showed patients were more relaxed after a damaged frontal lobe while other patients emotions changed uncontrollably. From this and research done on participants when experiencing a type of emotion and measuring brain activity with Magnetic Reasoning Imaging scans, we can conclude that the frontal lobe has a tremendous control of emotional brain activity. Phineas Gage frontal lobe was damaged, therefore he was not able to control his emotions chemical (neuroscience) wise.

[@carolina61932]

Actually in the video Hank pointed out that that incident alone didnt prove anything. You are right in thinking that maybe he was just grumpy because he had two holes in his head and only one eye, but what it did prove was that not all functions were lost because of part of the brain being lost, this led scientist to believe that different areas of the brain are responsable for specific functions.

[@OTG1776]

Correlation does not equal causation lmao😂😂😂👌