Laser Fundamentals II | MIT Understanding Lasers and Fiberoptics

[@frankmorgan1921]

EZEKIEL, Shaoul "Ziggy" 79, passed away on Wednesday, January 7, 2015 at home with his wife at his bedside. He died from soft tissue sarcoma cancer. Burial was at Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, MA. He was born in Baghdad, Iraq on July 20, 1935 and lived with his parents David and Naima Ezekiel, his brother Fred and his sisters Clairette, May and Farah. He attended the Alliance Elementary School in Baghdad. He and his family moved to London, England in 1948 where he attended the Hasmonean Grammar School. He was appointed Head Pupil in 1953. He received the B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Imperial College, University of London in 1957. After working for the General Electric Company for two years, he moved to Montreal, Canada in 1959 where he worked for Canadian Aviation Electronics for two years. In 1961, he went to Sydney, Australia to visit family and to work for a year. In 1962, he joined MIT as a grad student, receiving an M.S. Degree in 1964 and a Doctor of Science Degree in 1968. He was then appointed Assistant Professor in the MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics in 1968. He was appointed Professor, Departments of Aeronautics and Astronautics and Electrical Engineering in 1978. In 1986, he was appointed Director, MIT Center for Advanced Engineering Study. Honors he received included, Fellow of the Optical Society of America, the American Physical Society and the International Society of Optical Engineering. His research interests were primarily in the fields of lasers and optics and their applications in such areas as: atom-field interactions; ultra-high resolution spectroscopy; optical frequency / wavelength standards; and sensors, including optical / fiberoptical gyroscopes, magnetic field sensors, and spectroscopic sensors. He then exploited non-linear optical effects such as stimulated Brillouin scattering in fibers to create a variety of new sensors and optical devices, as well as, novel high frequency sources. He published technical papers and edited several books. At MIT, he has taught a variety of courses, including Dynamics; Modern Optics; Laser Fundamentals; Basics of Measurement Systems; and Optical Sensors. He enjoyed squash, racquet ball, ballroom dancing (where he met his wife, Suzanne) bicycling, walking, theater, ballet, symphony, opera and traveling. With his wife, Suzanne, was Patron at the Boston Ballet and Boston Symphony Orchestra. In 1963, he married Susan Kovnat and lived in Lexington, MA. He has two daughters, Annette Kogan of New York City and Rosalie Poelker of Atlanta, GA. He has 5 grandchildren. In 1985, he married Suzanne Courtright and has been living in Medford, MA ever since. Donations may be made to the Massachusetts General Hospital, of Boston MA, for the Cancer Center, Yawkey Building, 7th floor in the name of Ziggy Ezekiel. Also donations may be made to Massachsetts Institute of Technology, of Cambridge MA, for the Aeronautics and Astronautics Department in the name of Ziggy Ezekiel.

[@brendawilliams8062]

Thankyou

[@tmkzzz]

Well organized and explained. Many other videos that 'try to avoid the math' are superficial and essentially worthless. This video does an excellent job describing he relevant concepts. Thank you. Mr. Ezekiel.

[@user-pl7tf9gv8e]

@@ahmdabdallah5811 I believe the "actual" true

[@dariushebrahimiazarbayejan403]

Thanks Prof. This video helped me to pass my laser welding course during my PhD in 2012 and now I am reviewing it for my new job and its really efficient.

[@leopardtiger1022]

Brilliantly explained with clear diagrams and smart experiments. Thank you Sir from India.

[@anirbanmisra9572]

This video has been immensely helpful to me while understanding laser.

[@halilibrahimcetin9448]

Holy cow! Jessuss this lecture awesome .Explanations are highly clear and easy to understand. R.I.P Professor Ezekiel.

[@authman-alshibly]

The one question that no other video or learning material that I have gone through explains, is how the laser beam starts. Just one simple explanation makes all difference in truly understanding the concept of laser.

[@aklikahlal]

It strats with spantneous emission !

[@jacobvandijk6525]

And the spontaneous emission is triggered by putting electric energy in the system (by turning a switch), so that the electrons move to higher energy levels.

[@linfan619]

I wonder why I did not try to search such brilliant courses on KZbin several years ago. I watched so many drama TV shows, possibly also cooking, baking, etc...🤣🤣🤣

[@samykamkar]

So cool! Thanks for this course.

[@ginocontestabile6571]

Laser hacking project on the horizon?! 🧐

[@toddlittleton199]

I really appreciate the time you put into these lectures. Thanks for the education

[@eugenechye3553]

I have no idea on what he is talking about.. But it's pretty fascinating to watch it

[@ashkanss5715]

RIP great man

[@wdlang06]

i really enjoyed the lecture. He is really an expert.

[@adiazdu]

Thank you so much for your teaching. Now I ha e everything more clear. Thank you so much

[@shivamsingh21]

so nice representation of laser construction and its fundamentals

[@aklikahlal]

Thank you sir Rest in peace

[@alexalt2630]

Great teacher! Great lesson

[@NeedsEvidence]

The CGI tricks are amazing!

[@MrMraza123]

Excellent explanation with practical examples.Thank you.

[@aegiswings]

Great lecture, but I wish there was more of an explanation of why stimulated emission works. I know its a quantum effect that has something to do with the heisenberg uncertainty principle but I don't really understand it.

[@xiaosong543]

This video makes me think of Albert Einstein's quote: If you can't explain it simply, you don't understand it well enough.

[@Szpulenso]

Do you mean that it was not explained clearly enough in this video?

[@xiaosong543]

@@Szpulenso I mean he is a true guru.

[@ThomasGrillo]

Thank you. I dabble in holographic imaging, well was professional, back in the 80s, and 90s, but still dabble. This really helps me understand the tools of the trade. :)

[@ARCSTREAMS]

is there a loss of power of the initial beam as it goes through the inactive gas due to absorption? in other words if you sent the beam directly to the detector it would have a higher reading than what was shown

[@ARCSTREAMS]

im surprised to see that without a resonator the laser tube seems to have zero stimulated emission reaching the detector?? what about spontaneous emissions nothing ?? or is there some happening but they are being absorbed? so the only way they would happen is by adding the resonator mirrors in order to have gain

[@sherifashraf7162]

Thank you so much!

[@brendawilliams8062]

Thankyou

[@kripikkabel]

Mannn i found great channel for sains..!! im genius now ..no i mean i will .. love this channel :)

[@JFDOOLSTER]

Very well explained

[@arabsforever]

God bless the Internet :)

[@mohammadadankhan8053]

Nice brief sir.thanks

[@digitalphear1960]

So when photons hit gold and bounce off the as a photon and a weird solid gold molecule light particle form... what if we flung those at stuff?... or maybe solid light is the element needed for things like tangible holograms like bridges and swords ... think halo

[@ocayaro]

Prof Shaoul Ezekiel, 1935 - 2015.

[@user-pl7tf9gv8e]

Rest In Peace.

[@PragyAgarwal]

Science - where the preacher follows every claim with "don't take my word for it, here's a repeatable demonstration". It sure is much easier to have faith in something if I can perform the act myself.

[@Every1cansing]

thank you

[@hilargiak]

thank you very much' cristal¡

[@hqs9585]

time 54:45..."...exited atom...." Do you mean electron comes down to ground state? instead?

[@jacobvandijk6525]

LASER GAIN is all good and well, but don't forget that lasers are very energy-inefficient! You get much less energy out than you have to put into them. P.S. No laser is simple!

[@anniez123]

How do atoms move through different energy levels? I thought only electrons could do that

[@stellaous]

atoms are composed of electrons + protons + neutrons: www.livescience.com/37206-atom-definition.html

[@jacobvandijk6525]

In this case you are right. It's all about electrons here. But it's common to say that when an electron is excited the atom is excited. But don't forget that in crystals atoms can vibrate in different modes/at different energy levels too.

[@isaiahfifer2270]

deffinitaly I understand?

[@jamescrompton243]

26:23

[@justinbarnes3857]

I hope to build my own laser

[@ReachCorporate]

Pew Pew Pew

[@David-bc4rh]

"This type of laser is difficult to play with" That's where we disagree.

[@skoolscribe3918]

so laser code on filament. . . transitioned to simply human chemical placement onto the laser encoded filament for educational purposes.

[@Alexd3498]

11 days

[@boastringfield2395]

half Mirror , for output , how the hell we can made that?? DIY.

[@Doom2pro]

Mirrors can be made to be 100% reflective and downward from that so they "leak" light out the other side. Typically lasers use one mirror 100% and one 50% (Half the light leaks out)... This is typically done by adding less reflective material to the glass the mirror is made out of.

[@NeedsEvidence]

The good professor is not wearing eye protection during his experimental demonstrations. I guess the power of He-Ne lasers must be low. Oh, right, they are used by cashiers to scan bar codes.

[@Thegamemakur]

@esoteric bs A month?

[@eziosavva]

where is subtitles for English?

[@petersurryez3277]

Go to one of your Indian websites where they say fiber optics were invented by a turban and they remove comments that say otherwise.

[@TheAhmedMAhmed]

sogoi !!!

[@esotericbs8196]

how old is this video??? seriously...

[@joaocunha4579]

i think the explanation is really bad. For sure he tries to explain the best he can but i think there is some deep information that he does not bring to the table. The theorotical explanation i undestand nothing, can memorize what he said but cant do nothing with that

[@andyk1130]

my name is andy cheng ta kao never accept me into mit kthxbye

[@dailyfacts581]

Thank you