Don't forget to download the free PDF worksheet I made you 👉 www.mmmenglish.com/englishreductions/ It will help you to study, help you study and practise these common reductions!! Can you think of any other reductions that you often hear in movies or TV shows?
@DaveSmith905593 жыл бұрын
Thanks Emma for free PDF worksheet which is extremely useful for everyone, I'm absolutely convinced! There's no need to write down the whole lesson spending much time that I used to do it in order not to forget what I learnt, it's a really brilliant idea! And as to your question in the end, I wanna share something else with you. I hear frequently enough such as popular reductions as: (Emma, you know I love them all and try to use them in all the relevant situations) Here these are: (these can be used either in written or in spoken English) "hafta" is "have to" "hasta" is "has to" (He has to do it...) "outta" is "out of" "oughta" is "ought to" "wansta" is "he/she wants to..." "wassup" is "what's up?" "whatser" is "what's her?.." "whatsis" is "what's his?.." "musta" is "must have" "gotta" is "got to" or "have got to" "loadsa" is "loads of" "kindsa" is "kind of" "lotsa" is "lots of" "lotta" is "lot of" "sorta" is "sort of" "typa" is "type of" "frunna" is "be front of" "betcha" is "bet you" "dontcha" is "don't you" "getcha" is "get you" "gotcha" is "got you" "seeya" is "see you" The rest of my list isn't used in written English but only in spoken one, be careful! "how'dya" is "how do you?" "how'dja" is "how did you?" "how'dya" is "how would you?" "dja" is "did you..." "whataya" is "what are you?" "whadaya" is "what do you?" "wantcha" is "want you..." "what'dja" is "what did/do you?" "when'dja" is "when did/do you?" "where'dya" is "where did/do you?" "who'dya" is "who did/do you?" "why'dya" is "why did/do you?" "wouldya" is "would you..." My support 'n' appreciation to you, darling! Thanks for your work!
@merveuzumcu76473 жыл бұрын
🥰💘😍
@kentafujii89413 жыл бұрын
I think that tag questions like "isn't it?" are often pronounced with reduction.
@merveuzumcu76473 жыл бұрын
@@kentafujii8941 Yeah true ı think👌.Cause generally these are used to verify something .
@amyyakubovich1683 жыл бұрын
@@DaveSmith90559 43458
@DaveSmith905593 жыл бұрын
Well hey there Emma, my lovely English mentor! OMG,.. this is a new hair style looks so unusually but it fits you a lot! As always, I enjoy watching your lessons, they're always riveting and captivating, you do know it! Despite I've been here with for over five years, I still love listening to you, you're like a my family's part already, it's not exaggerating at all! And surely, I'll go on watching your useful videos even further! I remember I couldn't perceive your fast speech without subtitles and now, several years later I'm not turning them on for the most part! And it's your great merit completely! Highly grateful to you, Emma and of course, I'll see you soon for another great video!
@eltulas78673 жыл бұрын
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@srenstokvadchristensen92722 жыл бұрын
I love her, her smile makes me happy
@ManishSharma-sk2zh3 жыл бұрын
Hi Emma, An interesting lesson about "the secret to understand fast-talking native English speaking." I sincerely appreciate your efforts and it is truly helpful to all learners. Thanks and regards,
@eltulas78673 жыл бұрын
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@karinalhaze76093 жыл бұрын
Emma, you're the best English teacher in KZbin. Your Grammar explanations are so clear and helpful. A few days ago somebody said, in a FB site for teachers, that a video which lasts more than 15 minutes isn't appropriate to include in your class, but you always tear down this "theory" and I really enjoy your expositions and I'll keep up on displaying them in my classes either virtual or real.
@unique9223 жыл бұрын
true
@nikolaj21149 ай бұрын
Emma is one of the best English teachers in the world! She explains so many things in very lovely & entertaining way, so I feel happy every time I listen to Emma! Her lessons are really awesome! 🙏👍
@joaopeixoto51233 жыл бұрын
She is the most competent and most beautiful English teacher in the world, I love watching her videos.
@toniarnold3413 жыл бұрын
Thank you, Emma, this video is impressive. It shows how many reductions native English speakers use in spoken English and helps me understand them better. I can tell you that the Swiss-German dialects also sound very different from written German. When we talk to strangers, we do our best to speak written German so they can understand us
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
It’s so interesting that one language can sound so very different!
@bahiaanis3313 жыл бұрын
Indeed you speak French too
@sirksirk48212 жыл бұрын
Tues parle francais
@Stanly4503 жыл бұрын
had an experience working with native English speakers, it was crazy at first,but as you get to listen to them speak on a daily basis, you get the hang of it.. This topic on reduction is amazing 👏 Thanks from your fan 🇵🇭
@abrarfarooqui42313 жыл бұрын
This is an unique kind of the video on listening topic and trust me, no one can teach better than Ms Emma. Hats off to u once again for sharing such a vital vid which will surely assist all of us!!!
@yosephklemensmau85133 жыл бұрын
For us living in a country like Indonesia where English is only a compulsory subject teaching at school with very limited time allocated to learn proper English , your channel is so brilliant and helpful.. again thank for sharing your great teaching.
@juanfran5793 жыл бұрын
Very good explanations. I keep telling my students that they should pay attention to what they understand, to understand the general thread, not every single word. But it's got so much to do with practice and it's taken me time as well to get where I am.
@harshituniverse35163 жыл бұрын
She is the only lady who gives so much heart in her comment section from the starting of her journey...Today I also want to give you❤️ from India.
@sebastianmartinescu19873 жыл бұрын
You are a wonderful teacher, Emma. Half way across the world, from Romania 🇹🇩, my friends and I send you our greatest appreciation and respect. Your lessons have made a big difference in my learning community.
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
❤️❤️❤️ Sending appreciation right back to you and your friends! Thank you
@eltulas78673 жыл бұрын
ñ
@malehuseng81962 жыл бұрын
♥~♥~
@malehuseng81962 жыл бұрын
ไม่ตภเจอแล้วในไอ จี. เจอในจานกินขาวยําแก้ เบื้อง
@hellomello2583 жыл бұрын
I've been looking for videos as part of a teaching class in my linguistics degree. I love this video! Searching for videos like this can be difficult. Some "understanding speakers" videos don't talk about pronunciation like this. And pronunciation searches usually give results about how to improve your accent in English, not understanding others. The IPA is invaluable for those who know it. The slow repetition is a must. And the in context uses are excellent instead of presenting them only in isolation. An interesting experience for me is this. I always have captions on because I'm hard of hearing. While watching this video, as soon as you pronounced it in context and the captions showing the full version, my brain "heard" each word or the contracted version. For /ʃʊdə/ I'd hear "shoudda" but for "I shoudda done it" I'd automatically hear "I should've done it" even without a /v/ sound (and even though "done it" was likely "dunɪ/ instead of two words).
@juancorrea31903 жыл бұрын
The most beautiful teacher of the planet, thank a Lot for Your way of teaching us.... greetings from Perú 🇵🇪👏👏
@eltulas78673 жыл бұрын
ñ
@Elwerd3 жыл бұрын
Xq dices ñ ._.
@eltulas78673 жыл бұрын
@@Elwerd haver busca una palabra en ingles con ñ XD
@Elwerd3 жыл бұрын
Si se eso solo porque lo dices si el habla español ._.
@ankushojha35803 жыл бұрын
I'm teacher of English from Delhi. Love watching your vedios .They're pretty good 👍. I often share the vedios with my students
@inevitablej3 жыл бұрын
I'm studying for the IELTS and needed some extra help, therefore I came across your IPA KZbin session. That was incredible. As a teacher and eminent native speaker, you're doing a fantastic job. New subscribers to this channel, take note: you will not be disappointed.😌
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
Thank you JK! I appreciate your kind comment :)
@sushmitachhetri79223 жыл бұрын
⁵5555555⁵5555556t55555v88ju8
@crazypianocovers59213 жыл бұрын
Oh my God !!! Finally found the one !!! Thank you! No one would give me as knowledge as you give not even teachers!! Grateful to you !!!
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
🥰
@smithlizvoices39453 жыл бұрын
Thank you Emma, As I'm an OET and IELTS trainer it helped me to teach my students to improve their listening skills. Love from Kerala.
@wajahatali46083 жыл бұрын
These are things we didn't learn in school, Thank you teacher
@joaopontes6493 жыл бұрын
Probably the best english tutor on youtube. Congratulations, you have a gift for teaching people.
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
Wow, thank you!
@andrevargas19843 жыл бұрын
Eu pensava que você era americana ou britânica. Tô curtindo e aprendendo muito com seus vídeos. Você é excelente, professora. 🇧🇷
@LeonNoa3 жыл бұрын
Thank you, Teacher Emma for this video. My trainer at new work is a native English speaker and I can barely catch up with the training. The timing of the upload for this video is truly a blessing.
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
Perfect timing indeed! Maybe next time try to spot the reductions that they use :)
@lukeseo48793 жыл бұрын
You are the most beautiful teacher I've ever seen.
@cassionapoleon13273 жыл бұрын
I am from India State of Kerala malayalam language also spoken fast, there's reduction. When i noticed in other languages in India also written form is different from spoken form or styles, there are slangs in Kerala also which is difficult to understand, the point iam making is that i think in almost every languages not just in English, I am an English trainer
@MuhammadAbdullah-wl5zz3 жыл бұрын
You are best teacher
@heesuyoo3 жыл бұрын
I recently started making videos detailing the things I've learned about English as a Korean. I talked about the same thing in one of my videos! I couldn't agree more about "reduction". It's super helpful and I think everyone should know about it . Thanks for the video!
@antoniocabezas60953 жыл бұрын
Emma, sorry for replay in spanish, ( Muchas gracias por todas tus clases; pero para mi ,esta fue muy importante; porque nos muestra el ingles cotidiano el que escuchamos todos los dias ; el cual nos permite elevar nuestro aprendizaje.) Because I'm not completely confident write you appropriately, sorry. But I appreciate your valuable help. I will see this class a thousand times. Good night
@alirezamolabeygi3463 жыл бұрын
Wow wonderful It is really the most important part of a language which a foreigner must learn . as a matter of fact this is our weakness point in understanding. When I visited English people for the first time Although I could speak and they understood me , I didn’t realized them at all so that i pleased them to speak slowly 😬 I appreciate and admire you for this vital part of grammar and shake your hands warmly and kindly 🌹
@JuliusCesar27812 жыл бұрын
Wow, this video gave me a new perspective. Even tow I understood nearly all what your saying , I need the little pause at the end to get the meaning. And now I understood the problems I've had with native speakers. Thanks for that.
@masteryodaf3 жыл бұрын
Emma, I love that you're using chapters to be able to move back and forth through the lesson! 👌Thank you! Great lesson!!!❤️
@mudassirzahid82053 жыл бұрын
An amazing way through which one can learn how to pronounce the words like native speakers , well done
@halimasultan5393 жыл бұрын
Thanks Emma for exerting efforts for your followers and it’s a kind of generosity doing that. Appreciated once again. Your follower Halim from 🇮🇶 Iraq.
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
Thank you, Halim. 🙏🏼
@alonsosolanovalerio92872 жыл бұрын
I think this is the most difficult part to learn languages, this is the part that stop myself to understand the native speakers, thank you a lot dear❤
@oscargiraldo30643 жыл бұрын
Teacher Emma , what an excellent video and explanation. Thank you so much
@attilahagen3 жыл бұрын
Thank you Emma for all your help, you don’t know that how much you are helping people like us who are struggling a lot with understanding fast speech.
@calliemd34663 жыл бұрын
Thanks for this. For an asian who struggles in understanding native english speakers, this helped me a lot
@I_Lov_you_3 жыл бұрын
Thanks Emma for your hard work 👍 A viewer from India 🇮🇳❤️
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
My pleasure 😊
@eltulas78673 жыл бұрын
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@v.j22623 жыл бұрын
You are the best teacher that I have ever seen.
@pandaplutten25733 жыл бұрын
Pure joy learning English with you!
@gourbilleauluc3053 жыл бұрын
Hi,Emma Thank you for this lesson. Once more you help me in my english journey .I always enjoy to see you in your courses. If you continue to teach i'll continue to learn!!! good deal !!!
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
I’m glad to be able to help!
@gourbilleauluc3053 жыл бұрын
@@mmmEnglish_Emma i hope go to austrialia when i'll speak better .....in the next five years !!!!! i stuck in a plateau since several month !!!!!! good wish LUC
@gulmirakalmambetova66123 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much, dear Emma for letting us to understand the secret of English!
@quoctrungdinh75603 жыл бұрын
I love you, my teacher ! you look nicer than I thought !
@sirajuddin71273 жыл бұрын
Love you teacher from Pakistan Your accent is the best
@marcob4630 Жыл бұрын
Brillant! This is the lesson we want to hear. We know how to write, however pronuncition and understanding is a really hard thing in English. Thank you Emma!
@BanshanMarwein3 жыл бұрын
omg this is such a very important content. really glad you made this and it is of course very helpful and informative, Thanks Emma
@daniellabradshaw76473 жыл бұрын
Emma sometimes when I talk too fast, I sound like I'm drunk but watching that video has helped a lot.
@erickbaas95503 жыл бұрын
You’re the most beautiful teacher ❤️
@salekhamadi83253 жыл бұрын
We appreciate you very much here. Thank you Emma We are from Western Sahara🇪🇭🇪🇭🇪🇭
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
❤️
@merveuzumcu76473 жыл бұрын
Thankkkkks a lot.For these beautiful ,useful informations.mmmEnglish💓
@gomahabkar23143 жыл бұрын
From Canada Excellent Thank you so much You are the best God bless you
@sachiniramasinghe96783 жыл бұрын
Hello Emma! One of the early birds today. I’m fond of watching your English video lessons everyday. Today’s lesson also will be gonna add in my bucket list to watch later again and again. Thank you very much! See you in there Next Tuesday! 💃🏿♥️
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
Awesome stuff! So glad you enjoyed ☺️
@Welcome24933 жыл бұрын
Hello How are you are you okay 🌹🌹
@Thisisamapalayaph3 жыл бұрын
Best English teacher.... Beautiful as well.
@omarortiz39683 жыл бұрын
Yo creo que tu y tu equipo de trabajo, están muy bien sincronizados, la investigación, la preparación, la grabación, uuf, parecen que van a presentar un platillo de enchiladas de mole; tus lecciones están así de bien. Gracias
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
😂 Gracias!
@OhidurChad3 жыл бұрын
The best English teacher..........Far better than English with Lucy.
@luvikirar13 жыл бұрын
Hey! Emma I waiting for this vedio for a long time.I liked it, not only vedio or topic but I also like your smile ,your way of teaching and so on. This make me to understand English. thanks Emma Lots of love from India.💜💖💖💜
@الجمالالسوداني-س3د3 жыл бұрын
Emma, if I don't watch your video or listen to your voice, I'll get headache because I am used to every day. Thank you very much indeed Mustafa
@itsmanu9943 жыл бұрын
Ah, really! I'm blown away with this lesson, Miss Emma! 😌😌😌🤗🤗💝 Thank You so so much for bringing that out here.
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
I’m glad you liked it :)
@himalimadara3 жыл бұрын
This is the best teacher EVER! Other teachers are not bad but Emma is the BEST! Thank you so much for your time... I love your videos💜💜💜... This lessons will be interesting and important for English learners, Especially who are interested at English. I learned so much from you Emma, thank you so much, Keep it up💜
@chemicalconan3 жыл бұрын
Hi there! I came across your videos about a week ago and have been sharing them with anyone and everyone! Not only your English and English teaching skills are fantastic but I think you are a great communicator - passionate and expressive. I wish you continued success!
@DrBSJodha3 жыл бұрын
Useful lesson Emma thank you.
@abulhossainhossain5733 жыл бұрын
Your accent is better than any other video making in English.
@ishtyaqali51643 жыл бұрын
Indeed a great lesson.i really appreciate that but I might sluggish due to my over burden duty's so I might practice it through whole week bit by bit
@marciazapata80313 жыл бұрын
It is a challenge always for us....love your teaching Emma....
@damaryssalguero95043 жыл бұрын
Hi Emma, I hope you're doing well. This video is fantistic! I like it, I live it!! Thank you so much for an amazing JOB! Continue posting videos like this one. Xoxo
@salekhamadi83253 жыл бұрын
I sleep and wake up with your voice,Listening your lessons. Thank You.
@metamorphmagus48233 жыл бұрын
Yayyy!Emma, I love your speaking practice lessons❤!Cz it helps to understand natives.And this lesson is superb cz it contains reductions along with speaking practice.Thanks!
I've heard alota native speakers when I played online games, but now I'm glad to know that you really talk like this , and it's not my bad hearing or smth.
@fatemehmousavi26583 жыл бұрын
I'm sure this video is easier than PHRASAL VERBS UHHH😭Thank you Ema for this lesson, I love you so much💕
@dksl4213 жыл бұрын
ohhhhhhhhh myyyy god...... I just found the right way to improve my speaking.....thank you Emmaa.. Love You.
@gabriellagirardi47413 жыл бұрын
Great lesson on pronunciation and comprehension. It has been very useful. Thank you
@agatha6972 жыл бұрын
I didn't know am a native speaker till I watched this Thanks so much 👏👏
@danielwu23523 жыл бұрын
This video just blew my mind!! never thought so many reductions could happen in those sentences that we're familiar with for years. Once again, thank you Emma for helping us understand more fast-talking English.
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
🤩 Always an absolute pleasure, Daniel!
@mariuszherda50363 жыл бұрын
Thank You Emma for the Lesson. You are a great teacher.
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
Thank you ❤️
@hamza_96_583 жыл бұрын
Thank you Emma so much, always loving your speaking practise lessons and your kind accent😊😊 Have a nice day ❤
@eltulas78673 жыл бұрын
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@Nosdeblack3 жыл бұрын
I'm brazillian, trying to improve my english and I need to say you're amazing!!
@enriquecastaneda61343 жыл бұрын
Thank you for this lesson Emma, you look very beautiful with this hairstyle 💖💖💖
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
💖
@rosariogoveacontreras15153 жыл бұрын
Hello Emma, you are a wonderful teacher, the best english teacher i've ever seen. This lesson is very useful. Greetings from Mexico.
@ساديامحمود3 жыл бұрын
Word can't describe how thankful I'm You helped me alot as a self taught it's hard to find a quality content and you're the one who make me that easy Appreciate you my dear teacher Emma much love ❤
@eltulas78673 жыл бұрын
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@fcomtz82493 жыл бұрын
This is a very useful English Class about how to understand Fast-Talking Native English Speakers...Thanks a lot.
@paulpidtop35413 жыл бұрын
I can understand everyone who speaks English, except native speakers.
@jamesmedina60153 жыл бұрын
I’m a native speaker 🔊 mane. Wud u tryin to say? 😂
@zhyzhamanky74223 жыл бұрын
So do I
@turkan66523 жыл бұрын
Me also
@ndres8393 жыл бұрын
Me too, so we already learned all about English, the problem have to do with the natives speaking maybe 🤣
@اللهمصلوسلموباركعلىنبينامح-غ9ث3 жыл бұрын
You're lucky
@amirarian63943 жыл бұрын
She spoke very softly everyone loves the hearing
@moonshine30333 жыл бұрын
My best english teacher 🥰😍❤️ ♥ Love From Bangladesh 🇧🇩
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
❤️🇦🇺
@sashiliyana4633 жыл бұрын
Another great one for advanced English learners.. thanks a lot Emma
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
Thank you Sashi ❤️
@harymin24883 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for choosing this topic 😖🙏🙏
@azharmajid86083 жыл бұрын
mam emma u r my favourite english teacher everything is possible to understand from you and your lesson
@husnaa_haris3 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much for this wonderful lesson 🤗
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
You're very welcome!
@Sound-Lord3 жыл бұрын
Your beauty is very captivating what makes the learning process much easier. 🙂Thanks!
@metamorphmagus48233 жыл бұрын
You know Emma,I'm into your conversation workouts!They are brilliant!I want more of them.I get to learn phrases and also learn how to pronounce them.
@hossammohamed69663 жыл бұрын
Your lessons are my daily practice as a commuter to my work . Hello from Egypt 🇪🇬
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
Thank you for your kind words.
@hossammohamed69663 жыл бұрын
@@mmmEnglish_Emma that will be great if you make some videos about English exams like TOEFL and IELTs , etc.. .. we expect more from you and wish you all the best 💪
@evamariasanchezg.51623 жыл бұрын
Absolutely useful and funny video!!! Thanks a million, Emma!!! By the way, you're gorgeous with your new hair look and long earrings!!!😍😍
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
Thank you Eva! 😍
@yegago3 жыл бұрын
you are the only person I can understand speaking English
@JennyMayolinEnglish3 жыл бұрын
Great explanation. Loved the comprehension practice at the end 🤩
@kh00723 жыл бұрын
Hello Jenny
@10a1nguyenngoclan33 жыл бұрын
I've known u since the "Practise English immitation" vid and all the knowledge u've been sharing is really helpful for me. As a 15 year-old Vietnamese girl, I'm really excited to know that u also taught English for Vietnamese people in the past!! Luv u, Emma
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
Hiii! Aah I LOVED Vietnam :D And I miss eating bún thịt nướng. I taught in HCMC. How are you doing over there?
@10a1nguyenngoclan33 жыл бұрын
Heyyy chào cô Emma :> How's ur day? Never thought that u could see my comment hihi XD. Wow u taught in HCMC??!! I also live in HCMC and ummm i'm doing jusssst great with staying at home and studying online. Aahh i luv eating bún thịt nướng too lol!!! Have a nice day,Emma!!!
@ishani55613 жыл бұрын
East or West Emma is the best Lots of love❤ from🇮🇳 india🥰
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
Haha! ❤️ from 🇦🇺
@SuedeSavage2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your help, much appreciated! From an Italian living in the UK!
@Rk-tz6rl3 жыл бұрын
It's just wow👌👌 I love your way of teaching ❤️ In today's lesson,you have add four moons in our language. 😍 Thanku so much for this video and for the secret of understanding fast talking native English... actually i got it on my email✌️✌️✌️ Thanks once again Lots of love from INDIA 🇮🇳🇮🇳🇮🇳
@alessandrobartoletti3 жыл бұрын
One of the reasons why it's hard to learn english is that when you learn how to pronounce "to read" you might think you know how to pronounce ready as well but, unfortunately , it's not true! For italian native speakers it's even worse as in our language the correspondence between phonemes and graphemes is very strict. Thanks to you I realize what the other big problem is. Sometimes watching an english movie I think my understanding is zero. I'm "gonna" practice, thank you so much !
@Radha_Rani88903 жыл бұрын
Heyy! Emma I have a question. I just wanna know that is American and Canadian accent are similar in pronounciation? Because I can't find any differences between them. I watched so many KZbinrs from Canada and America but I was a bit struggling to find any difference.
@RealTrader933 жыл бұрын
I'm living in Canada and I do have some Americans and Canadians friends and they sound different to me. It also depends on where in Canada and where in America the people are from.
@Radha_Rani88903 жыл бұрын
@@RealTrader93 you may be correct bro!! But every person has it's own experience☺
@mmmEnglish_Emma3 жыл бұрын
There are lots of similarities, but also some distinct differences.... (And Pablo's right, there is not one Canadian accent of one American accent) To me, it's most noticeable in the pronunciation of the "ow" diphthong in words like OUT, ABOUT
@lowellcunningham33323 жыл бұрын
@@mmmEnglish_Emma You're right that the diphthong is the most obvious difference in US and Canadian English. In the US we pronounce it "ow" (a-bout) and Canadians tend to pronounce is as "oo" (a-boot.) Also -- though this is a bit of a cliche -- Canadians frequently end a sentence with "eh?" Similar to the way many in the US say "y'know?"