To learn electronics in a very different and effective way, and gain access to Mr Carlson's personal designs and inventions, visit the Mr Carlson's Lab Patreon page here: www.patreon.com/MrCarlsonsLab
@jasonthejawman54429 ай бұрын
Your repair video educational
@nyckhampson7928 ай бұрын
Mr Carlson, no idea where to start other than I like your teachings , makes my 85-89 Physics, electronics teachings coupled with tech drawing to shame at Deyes High School, Maghull ,Liverpool.,Merseyside ,L316DE (post code / zip code Canada )England. Anyway , I'm in Republic of Ireland ,South Coast , my two kids also 11, and 13 , both gamers , however we like basic electronics .... Any advice , moreso for me tbh Why the F didn't they teach or even now teach like you do ? Ooops I know why , keep us down 👇 Mr Nicholas Hampson N
@talents0109 ай бұрын
This video really showcases Mr. Carlson's attention to detail. One of (if not the) most knowledgeable electronics guru's on KZbin.
@markianclark96459 ай бұрын
Talents...well..he has a couple of rivals for that honour...over here in Britain near Birmingham...we have MenditMark channel...he has about as many diagnostic machines as Mr Carlson...and knows how to use them too...also an ex pat from here now lives in Canary Islands and has a channel Learn Electronics and is a teacher to subscribers...not quite as many diagnostics but it's quality over quantity as they say
@fotoralf9 ай бұрын
Paul "Sherlock" Carlson practising post-mortem criminalistics and inspecting fingerprints inside a power supply. 🙂 Most entertaining and thanks for showing us.
@carolynhilliard49037 ай бұрын
Hi, I'm a 5 year old electrician, and I've been watching your videos with my mom and dad. I love them. My favorite part is watching you take apart components. I think it's funny when you call capacitors 'caps.' Please make more videos with your homemade leakage tester.
@JCWise-sf9ww9 ай бұрын
Really liked your repair work on this stereo preamp. Good job explaining the circuit and what parts was needing replaced. Thank you Mr Carlson.
@MrCarlsonsLab9 ай бұрын
You are welcome!
@jaydeebishop23459 ай бұрын
You are responsible for my interest in electronics. Thanks for having turned your house in a movie set and allowing me the best seat for the show. Asking the right questions is the better part of learning. I appreciate the drive you bring in my experience. Cheers
@johnparichuk83679 ай бұрын
I've been using a curve tracer since the early 1970s during my Navy career. Back then, it was just the basic components cobbled together, driven by an audio generator and displayed on an oscilloscope via the X and Y axes. One of the best tools available.
@stephensams7099 ай бұрын
Yeah, they used to call them an octopus, if memory serves me right. I later used a Huntron Tracker and it was very useful as well.
@stevenedington62659 ай бұрын
Yes I was introduced to the curve tracer in the Navy in the 70s we called it the octopus. It was a staple on my bench until I retired a few years ago.
@stevenedington62659 ай бұрын
The company I work for PTS electronics also made one to be attached to your o scope.
@kevinhamming45149 ай бұрын
Ive never used a curve tracer. If a transistor is bad an ohmeter will reveal it . I suppose its good for trouble shooting, which I dont do much of. Is this usefull with the transistor in the circuit? In that case not having to take the transistor out to check it helps.
@stevenedington62659 ай бұрын
@@kevinhamming4514 The curve tracer can be used when components are in circuit. I get better results with them out. The curve tracer will show you leaky diodes and transistors that an ohm meter won’t. It will also show a leaky electrolytic cap.
@rsc4peace9719 ай бұрын
I have been following your content for over 4 years. I am never disappointed with the level of detail you go through to not only explain the basics but also the meticulous way you troubleshoot and rectify (yes pun intended here) the big and small problems. You go above and beyond to even uncover mistakes in factory manuals. This one is even more interesting where you casually opened the PS to discover potential deal breakers if left to itself. Your passion for what you do is just out of the charts and your desire to share this with the masses is so beneficial to both casual enthusiasts but even some pros who do not take the trouble explaining what, why or how they fix things
@RobertBelt-x6d9 ай бұрын
Agree... I found Mr. Carlson's lab several years ago because I had no idea what & how a capacitor worked. I since have followed his videos for my learning and have over time taken lot's of notes. I often refer his channel to others that I come across on a couple of vintage radio Face Book pages I follow.
@_m_ev16739 ай бұрын
To the beginning, a general comment about Mr. Carlsson's Lab videos: Excellent English and with excellent articulation. The vast majority of KZbin video creators should learn from this. I am not a native English speaker and I can understand Mr. Carlsson's speech perfectly. The same applies to speech parsing. Consistent and clearly progressive. A real talent!
@billysharp3388Ай бұрын
I like watching you do repairs, you make it look so easy and enjoyable.
@mkepler58613 ай бұрын
and yet, another great video!!! thanks Paul for showing us some more of your knowledge and skill!!! mike
@frankpitochelli67869 ай бұрын
You sir are a brilliant technician, I wish I were your neighbor. I was a TV tech for 40 yrs.... Love your skills, I would be at your lab everyday..😅.. Best wishes Paul.
@luminaetsonos41698 ай бұрын
As Always, Paul is not just creating video to watch, but teaches techniques, tips, what to "keep in mind", fine repairmanship and bonus incident investigation. you are a ballerina of electronics :P. Thanks a lot and keep it up, more power.
@FelixGarcia-x3i9 ай бұрын
Just got into antique radios. Your videos have been amazingly helpful. Thank you
@MrCarlsonsLab9 ай бұрын
Great to hear!
@NullReference1199 ай бұрын
As a long time viewer I've long since realized you're carefully selecting what you think would be the most educational for each video. That said I'm surprised you didn't express regret that whomever destroyed those screws didn't use a proper set of JIS screwdrivers which would have prevented that. It's important to remember that any gear from Japan will use JIS spec screws and that standard Phillips bits will cam out and strip those.
@jlog73959 ай бұрын
Great video highlighting a great preamp. Really appreciate your schematic walkthrough and troubleshooting explanation. One thing I’d like to see you spend a few minutes comparing specs of the new transistors to find suitable replacements. Also, what you look for to decide if the bias resistors need to change for the new transistors. Thanks again for your great videos - I’m learning so much!
@J0HN01DATA9 ай бұрын
Critique a capacitor is an art. Great repair and debug to what seemingly would be root cause, I bet it was. Very fine line between a capacitor and a 'crapacitor'. Thank you for sharing!!
@johnmarchington31469 ай бұрын
Thanks, Paul, for another fascinating video. You are an amazing person with your attention to detail. I could hardly believe it when I saw those wires trapped under the transformer bracket. How anyone could fail to see that is beyond me. All it needed was a quick check before refitting the cover and the person would see them. The sine waves looked nice and clean after you replaced all the transistors and they were obviously pretty well matched too.
@jmasseys9 ай бұрын
Hi Paul, I liked your choice of beginning and ending shots. Nice change from your wide shot of your bench. Oh, and your content, as always, was very informative. Cheers, Scott
@joewharton-vy7oq9 ай бұрын
i see the algorithms are favouring you, just a little thank you, as i was recovering from a stroke just before covid lockdown, i always seemed to by directed back to your ft-1000mp repair you gave me the idea to reactivate my ham licence M1DLS......... . the tinkering and shack fittings also helped with the recovery, i now own a ft-1000mp and a few others, my latest obsession, is to sync forgotten radio's i:e ic-735-- ft-840 with sdr software giving the old girls a face lift...... ham's dub it as a pan adapter anyway i'm rambling, thanks for the nudge, love the equipment you use lol
@PeterEdin9 ай бұрын
The other problem with cameras is colour balance, I've had red wires appearing pink, but there were also pink wires present as well. That lead to a "paracetamol event". 😆 This channel is the best 😊
@hnatyshyn9 ай бұрын
It's been a while I watched your channel. Forgot how interesting and instructive it was. And often the treat is to learn about the repair stories of the devices, like in this video. And meanwhile, I bought myself the Hakko desoldering gun. It's like a dream. Thanks for the lessons
@mp-ov9dh9 ай бұрын
great video,! I have jumped full in to this old tube stuff, amps and radios test gear. The depth of your videos is second to none and you have taught me so much about this dying art. I i have 1 patreon account and its your content. consider me a huge fan and thanks!
@MrCarlsonsLab9 ай бұрын
Thanks for your kind feedback!
@ericfox5079 ай бұрын
Excellent as always! Greatly appreciate seeing the mix of vacuum tube and solid state based electronics. Thank you.
@mikefinn21019 ай бұрын
Another great informative video. Still waiting for the follow up on the old BC348 receivers. You very detailed and I learn so much just watching you. Thanks for the additional info on matching transistors and the freq sweep. Glad you explained that.
@leetucker99389 ай бұрын
Mr C's analysis / inspection was awesome . Decoding the hidden past of the unit
@Electronicsmusicisme9 ай бұрын
Yesssssssssss. Hands down, the best KZbin channel. I really appreciate the effort you put into this channel
@Rendon2769 ай бұрын
Quality video and audio. Very articulate. KZbinrs should learn from your example.
@MrCarlsonsLab9 ай бұрын
I appreciate that!
@DonaldRichards-mr3lz9 ай бұрын
I am 61 years old I have been a student of electricity most of my life ( 3 or perhaps 2 years old ) and I have to say you have a very good work place there I have a small work / computer station a pc type Hantek scope , DMM I hope some day I will have a real Lab work station .
@cafemolido54599 ай бұрын
Mr. Carlson, it's kinda therapeutic to watch your videos. Easy going, speak clearly and slowly and in simple terms
@martinda74469 ай бұрын
I've come across this problem a few times over the last 40 years, it was very common to use the power amplifier to feed the preamp via an umbilical that often terminated in an octal connector. Issues were usually because someone had broken the keying peg off or the umbilical connections had become fractured with repeated movement and connections... Never had any other problems as far as I remember, nobody managed to shove/force the connector in the wrong place, and its usual to fiddle about to find the key, but unless there is another problem the connections do not make until the connector has mated with the key. But after 60 years they can look a right wobbly frayed mess! Worth checking his cable for issues. I would before I let him blow up my work on his headphone amp. Edit: then you mentioned it.
@leonardpeters32669 ай бұрын
Great stuff. You can say it was "just a repair", but really it was an excellent rebuild of the headphone amp and a nice analysis of the original issue. Nice work very enjoyable. I am getting allot better at the SMD work, trying it for the first time on your Ultra Probe. On a parts hold for the amp/demodulator but the circuit board is ready. It will go in a cabinet with speakers built in. Getting excited about it.
@joenovak63939 ай бұрын
Thank You for another Learning/Educational video. I am now a Patreon supporter ($10), and I look forward to your projects and videos. I am a Luxman Fan boy with a number of 70's Tube and SS gear.
@MrCarlsonsLab9 ай бұрын
Welcome aboard!
@brucejenner58569 ай бұрын
How can we not enjoy your videos??? I'd just came home from work, put water on for me bath, put telly on, there I saw a new episode! Glass of rum and coke, and I'm in for a treat.
@jaakkolehto14879 ай бұрын
Still think you and shango066 are the best channels on youtube. Commented that 5 years ago but still the best.
@MrCarlsonsLab9 ай бұрын
Thanks for your kind comment!
@amitanaudiophileАй бұрын
You are very rare restoration expert on earth❤❤❤
@LeftieLouie9 ай бұрын
Very nice work! We could benefit from your reasoning regarding replacement transistor selection.
@saintmichael29319 ай бұрын
Another fantastic video for learning! The audio and video quality is EXCELLENT as is the verbal commentary made every step of the way through the repair. Looking forward to the next adventure!
@larrybud9 ай бұрын
12:30 I've definitely had an "oh crap" moment when I was trying to rewire stuff after taking a picture, and I couldn't tell where a particular wire actually terminated!
@johnh58969 ай бұрын
Fantastic work the best job ever calm thoroughly intelligent easy to understand and meticulous precision to watch is like watching a master class in electronics bravo Mr Carlson 🎉
@BigEightiesNewWave8 ай бұрын
The classic 70s look outside, my favorite to this day, but with tubes inside, nice.
@terrym10659 ай бұрын
Another great repair as always Mr C..👍👍 In depth explanations of circuit analysis with schematics are always a bonus in your content, thanks for that. Beautiful piece of equipment, glad it was reparable without major stress and the power supply surprises, well...wow! Thanks for the video and work, much appreciated. See you next time. 73
@michaelcarey9 ай бұрын
Excellent video Paul! One possible reason for the chewed out heads on the case screws of the power supply could be the use of Philips screwdrivers on a JIS head. This equipment being Japanese... I would hedge my bet that the fasteners used would be JIS. While it is common to see the tell-tale dot stamped in the head of a JIS fastener, it's not always the case. I did training at the JRC factory in Mitaka in the early 90s and was instructed that Philips screwdrivers are NOT to be used on JIS screws as they will cause damage.
@Betterhifi5 ай бұрын
Wow! Great job on the headphone board! I was shocked at the previous tech tightening down the transformer of the wires!
@charlessmyth9 ай бұрын
It's good to be able to clearly read the resistor colour codes :-)
@kristyskirt90159 ай бұрын
Lucky who ever did lousy work did not get a Leathal Shock. Very nice work Mr. Carlson I lke your snazzy solder sucker you use and the tracer nice Carlson design. Thanks for Always warning everyone about The Danger of the elevated High voltage in Tube equipment.. Cheers
@dougtaylor77249 ай бұрын
Mr Carlson could make tons of money on daily tour and a bed and breakfast. For $500 a night you get to met Mr Carlson, sit for a one on one white board design session, eat lunch, watch a video taping, tour the Mr Carlson personal equipment hoard and a ride in the bucket truck. Where do I put my credit card info?
@Runco9909 ай бұрын
The ride in the bucket truck sold me!
@lolilollolilol77736 ай бұрын
He probably makes more just by doing repairs and it's less fuss lol
@wellingtonalvesbomfim9 ай бұрын
Thank you very much, my friend, we are from the same professional field, I am a naval technologist, in the radio field
@toddtonis8 ай бұрын
Thanks for the great explanation during this video of what you're doing. I learn alot watching them. Also, excellent video work showing the circuit details; very high quality.
@johnny-z9 ай бұрын
Nice! I love high end audio. MORE please!
@markd.nightingale42669 ай бұрын
Beautiful well done and thorough presentation. Easy to younderstand and follow along. Thank you!
@MrCarlsonsLab9 ай бұрын
You're very welcome!
@outthereassociates71559 ай бұрын
Nice change-up Paul. Always enjoyable no matter what you're working on.
@nudebaboon48749 ай бұрын
Thanks for passing on your endless knowledge Paul!
@MrCarlsonsLab9 ай бұрын
My pleasure!
@jessiec41287 ай бұрын
This was a very good video. I am learning as I watch your videos. I Love watching your videos. I was watching your videos a long long time ago. And it came up after a long time. Now I am back to watching more and more.
@KeritechElectronics9 ай бұрын
Ha! Back with the curve tracer action :). I built mine and use it sometimes - and I'm glad to you for the ideas! That was indeed a bunch of baaaaaaaaaadly discombobulated transistors. Nice investigation of the possible root cause.
@user-uz1yv2oc9v9 ай бұрын
I worked in Japan from 1985-1994 and towards the end of my contract I used to see so much faulty Luxman and Sony ES gear for pennies in the recycle stores, I was always so tempted just to fill a crate with the stuff and ship it back home but it never came to fruition. Visited a few years ago to go snowboarding and couldn't help have a spy in a junk store and they still had some luxman gear but it was top dollar now :( Nice attention to detail though on the repair of this amp and for reminding me of days gone by
@allenjamesrooney8 ай бұрын
I worked in a TV repair shop for 16 years, starting in 1971. One day one of the guy's routinely pulled the back off a TV set, and found a flashlight inside. It had Japanese writing on it. We all assumed that somewhere in the manufacturing process an inspector accidentally left it inside the set.
@hughmc54199 ай бұрын
Nice rebuild of headphone board. I like the repurposed O'scope for trouble shooting.....
@Skibidi_Male_X9 ай бұрын
Respect !!! Bob Ross of electronics repair.
@glennk19317 ай бұрын
Fascinating as always. Always enjoy your amazing knowledge on these projects.
@MrCarlsonsLab7 ай бұрын
Glad you enjoyed it
@PatrickSilvestri-cg7bq9 ай бұрын
You always keep us amped up very good Mr. Carlson. Love your videos.
@dougg10759 ай бұрын
Luxman is definitely one of my dream jams.
@pauleichenberger49669 ай бұрын
Thank you Paul, for another great video tutorial! Your test bench equipment is amazing. Looking forward to the next one. Cheers, Paul.
@MrCarlsonsLab9 ай бұрын
Glad you enjoyed it!
@Greg-et2dp9 ай бұрын
Mr Carlsons lab you are good at restoring antique radios and alignment of antique radios and restoring antique tvs and amplifiers and am fm stereo receivers
@nathanbrassington76599 ай бұрын
Of course your here, beep boop!
@apostlewoody9 ай бұрын
I dont understand any of this. But I watch every EEFin video. I love it!!!
@5argetech569 ай бұрын
I remember on the Price is Right '80's they would have Luxman component stereo systems on the show. Sheer cream of the crop!
@juliohormilla38627 ай бұрын
Great detailed video as always, one idea that occurred to me is if a diode was added in line on the preamp side on the 8.5 volt from the pin to the board, if the pin with negative 80 volt came in contact with the +8v pin again it would probably save the board.
@petercarroll6849 ай бұрын
Hi Mr Carlson would you be able to cover everything you look for when replacing components to know what would be a suitable replacement thanks for the video really enjoyed it as always and keep up the good work
@billrr029 ай бұрын
I have no idea what you're saying, and I'm not sure why, but I love your videos. Also, you have the best mic / audio setup on KZbin! Well done, sir!
@RonHicks9 ай бұрын
You're very thorough Mr. Carlson.
@fkaMilo9 ай бұрын
I learned a lot from that. The process of logic and observation
@davido.hamilton32549 ай бұрын
Thanx Paul. I always enjoy your attention to detail.
@MrCarlsonsLab9 ай бұрын
My pleasure!
@99thDimension9 ай бұрын
After 25+ years of buying & paying for repairs to vintage gear I've had enough pro gear has gotten reasonably affordable and specs out better then older gear I spend more $$$ buying/repairing vintage gear then the cost of new gear. I have two Heathkit Power Amplifiers AA-1506 in for a complete rebuild mainly because I built the bi-amp open baffle speakers system to match them these will be the last of the vintage gear for me.
@davelowets7 ай бұрын
I like Luxman equipment. I have a Luxman TP-117 Receiver/Preamp from the late 80s, and it STILL sounds VERY nice when compared to modern Hi-Fi stuff.
@faxcapper9 ай бұрын
Paul that was SO interesting. I have Luxman solid state integrated Amp.
@Geoduck.9 ай бұрын
That was interesting thank you Mr. Carlson. Luxman makes some great sounding audio gear.
@clintonwalker50009 ай бұрын
I love to learn electronics mr Carlson you’re the man 👏👏👏💪
@alexispieltin93799 ай бұрын
Nice and very interesting video about those japanese components. A classic issue with these 100V supplied units is many are tempted to check if any primary winding is available for "international" conversion and other primary voltages. But hence specifically described and checked, it's rarely the case. And it could explain some bad manipulation with some direct short from primary or B+ and all these tampering with screws and wiring. Some should definitely tell to those collectors to be really suspicious about every Japanese material. They're easy to find on the net, but difficult to use if you don't have the adequate rare down voltage transformer (here in Europe with a primary 230V AC supply, it's unobtainable over a certain power limit!). And as you could expect with any tube material, the exotic and never the same B+ is even more difficult to source.
@eDoc20209 ай бұрын
At least your 230v supplies usually have a different socket type. The plugs on 100v equipment are the same as our regular 120v plugs so it's easy to apply the wrong voltage without thinking.
@martinvanek59519 ай бұрын
Love your videos. I'm currently building a Nelson Pass Class A amplifier (His Burning Camp design sold by DIY Audio). Next I'm going to tackle re-capping my 40 year old Hafler DH-110 preamp which has no line output although the headphone out appears OK. Cheers KN4MNA
@harbselectronicslab35519 ай бұрын
Your new camera angles and shots are awesome….. great stuff
@AudioNaut939 ай бұрын
I’m a young(ish) 30 year old avionics technician that works for American Airlines and my true passion is stereo gear but it goes further than just listening to music. I want to know the differences between solid state Vs tubes, class A vs class A/B, class D etc etc and how to work on them when they fail. I’m not even joking when I say I’d sign up for an apprenticeship with you in a heartbeat to really learn this stuff and I wouldn’t expect or accept any payment but knowledge. This is truly fascinating stuff here.
@KiloKhanMax5 ай бұрын
21:52 love the q-tip board scrubbing ASMR
@arsimahmetaj62729 ай бұрын
The Electronic king is back in the house “Mr Carlson “
@ElectronicMechanic509 ай бұрын
Man i love my hakko desolder gun same as you have it make repairs so much quicker!
@4X6GP9 ай бұрын
One additional thing to check: I would have opened that octal plug that goes into the power supply. There could be a stray strand of wire that might have shorted between the 8v and the filament line. Having said that, chances are that what happened is exactly what you described. The "technician" probably heard a pop, but then the preamp's main output continued to work, so he thought he'd dodged the bullet.
@resipsaloquitur139 ай бұрын
I dont know anything about anything.. The symetry they put in that small board. I can 100% appreciate that. That means whoever designed that cared about it. At least a little.
@davidcottee28089 ай бұрын
Great video & repair. I was surprised that the pilot light didn't blow if there was an over voltage to the preamp as it comes off that supply. Or maybe it did, and was replaced before coming to your workshop.
@garyiyi9 ай бұрын
Very professional . I really hope you are live near my place.
@Gary-wb8qt7 ай бұрын
This 76-year old male says your Luxman video reminds me of the Dynaco Pat-4 stereo preampifer and 60-watt Southwestern Technical Products, (Motorola?) stereo amplifier I had in the early 70's.
@macsledge32259 ай бұрын
Thanks again for another informative and well produced video. Was wondering if you could explain in a future video how you go about deciding on suitable replacement transistors in audio equipment. Cheers.
@tweedeldee81229 ай бұрын
We need to clone your brain Mr. Carlson. AI can't hold a candle to your knowledge.
@dougtaylor77249 ай бұрын
AI has not reached this amount of intelligence yet.
@DarrenSteele-mx3ks9 ай бұрын
@@dougtaylor7724 LOL!
@awakenedtotruth84199 ай бұрын
If I may add, you have a radio voice that can easily zen us throughout a troubleshooting process.
@awakenedtotruth84199 ай бұрын
@dougtaylor7724 That's done purposely to not take over the military where most A.I. is utilized.
@shawnbottom47699 ай бұрын
The concept of actively troubleshooting electronics has nothing whatsoever to do with AI but it can help you understand how a circuit works.
@graemebrumfitt66689 ай бұрын
Rite Paul, Very nicely laid out, have to start calling you Sherlock Carlson, nice bit of detective work on the ps! TFS, GB :)
@ellisc.foleyjr97789 ай бұрын
Another great Video Paul. I"lm well beyond the need to do anything anymore. not a "paid bench tech. just an average Amateur Radio op for 60=yrs. made my fair shareof smoke on projects. and at 80 yrs old I can still learn things what ? for? who know I might getthe doldering iron out again before I croak. Oh! thermal bit on the diodes had an old timer (back when I was 20) toldme abut that one nice tip thanks for sharing. ECF
@Satchmoeddie9 ай бұрын
I bypassed the safety cover interlock on my Tektronix 567 curve tracer, and I have blown up more than my fair share of T092 sized transistors, and those hot & fast flying little pieces REALLY do HURT a lot! The switch & teat on that safety cover got wonky, so I bypassed it all. I get lazy with the T092s and often don't put that cover on. I have launched TO-3 and TO-66 tops out of other equipment, and boy am I glad that cover is on the 576 to catch those. That is like playing "bullets in the camp fire". The bullets stay behind because they are a lot heavier than the casings but the brass casings pop off with lots of energy.
@gilbus49899 ай бұрын
Another excellent electronics tutorial. Thank you
@robharley98389 ай бұрын
Great video as usual Paul! Just wanted to put in a request for a session with a class "D" amplifier, so common in modern popular gear these days. They seem to be a different beast. Your insights into their design and operation would be very informative no doubt. Also, wanted to let you know that I purchased a UNI-T 8803E bench DMM a while back and all I can say is "WOW!". Thank you for that recommendation and all the great content you share with us! - jrh
@UKDrew9 ай бұрын
Awesome as Always... Thank you for such cool content.Pleasure to watch and learn
@clintonwalker50009 ай бұрын
One could definitely trust you for repairs 💪👌
@sjaakvansoest92109 ай бұрын
Great video Paul many thanks!!
@x5-acousticguitarstuff.29 ай бұрын
I own a Luxman L-550X Integrated Amplifier and I love it.
@rle439 ай бұрын
Interesting and informative, as always, thanks Paul.