MRIs Are Insane

Do you know how an MRI works? It’s CRAZY. It’s not like an x-ray at all. An x-ray is a “shadow picture” - like a hand in front of a flashlight, but for your bones. But an MRI is a “water map” made by radio emissions FROM YOUR BODY…
I interviewed one of the inventors of the modern MRI, and here’s how he explained it.
If you liked this video, you'll love this longer episode on the amazing ways MRIs are being used: • What We Get Wrong Abou...
And if you'd like to support our optimistic tech videos, subscribe!
#shorts #tech #MRI #cancer

[@Nick-Lab]

The concept was discovered by astrophysicists. Don't ever let anyone convince you that pure science is a waste of money.

[@Chiller01]

As an academic clinician I support this message.

[@panashe_0080]

Exactly

[@ZZubZZero]

How? From astrophysics. Wasn't it discovered by quantum physicist Yeah looked it up, wasn't discovered by astrophysicists at all, but by Isodor Rabi.

[@WhatTheFriedRice]

Absolutely! I feel like the hard sciences need better marketing

[@TheEDNC]

I had the honor of meeting and interviewing Dr.Raymond Damadian before he passed … the true inventor of the MRI… funny and brilliant… a nice guy all around…

[@ChristopherWoods]

I had an MRI recently when I had a tumour growing in the side of my neck towards the side of my face. I requested the imagery and the hospital supplied the slices plus a cool Java viewer to scrub through them. It's crazy being able to look through your own head and see your brain, bone structure, eyes, muscles etc. As an engineer I found it utterly fascinating.

[@finncatwillhelm2457]

I know this comment is a month old but i wanted to ask if you got the tumor taken care of.

[@zedmelon]

​@@finncatwillhelm2457Seconded. Hope the word "had" implies what we think it means...

[@ChristopherWoods]

@@finncatwillhelm2457 hi! Yeah, they did a great job and after about 9 months even I started to forget I’d ever had the operation. Only feels very slightly different internally if I rub one side of my face then rub the other, which is to be expected. It’s not bad, just different. Slightly tighter perhaps, because of the way the tissues knitted back together inside my face, but no pain or specific discomfort. Are you also having a similar operation?

[@finncatwillhelm2457]

@@ChristopherWoods nah I just wanted some good news I guess.

[@radnukespeoplesminds]

As an engineer with brain cancer, same

[@nadianiczyporuk7362]

I love how enthusiastic and excited she is about all of what she’s talking about! She seems genuinely interested and I’m also learning so much!

[@Spatial_Computer]

If only hospitals didn't charge an arm and a leg to use the device to everyone, we could properly detect issues.

[@Remoteinductment24]

You mean American Hospital

[@tfpp1]

@@Remoteinductment24 where are they cheaper, and by how much?

[@serenitymoon825]

My last MRI was $300

[@Spatial_Computer]

@@serenitymoon825 zero insurance and no special connection?

[@Spatial_Computer]

Even $300 sounds expensive for a picture. Before you say that is expensive technology. It doesn't have to be. The materials and manufacturing can be less than a car. But making it expensive to sell less and to use less than a car makes more money. I car only gets used about 5-10% a day too.

[@yashpandey538]

Also the fact that MRI does not expose you to high degree of radiation like X ray or CT Scan is a big W

[@PMA65537]

You should have told Phil Silvers and Terry-Thomas that the big W was in a hospital.

[@nonsuspiciouscolour]

yeah ur body is generating the radiation for it to work 💀

[@hansdsouza]

Because it is Magnetic Resonance Imaging, it uses strong magnetic field fir imaging and not non-ionising radiation

[@LabRat6619]

Positron emission tomography is better for cancer.

[@frostincubus4045]

​@@LabRat6619 not as readily available as MRI tho, though MRI itself is not always available in some places

[@BuckeyeStormsProductions]

I had an MRI a few years ago. While the tech was setting everything up, I was asking questions about its operation, and they were explaining everything to me. I have a background in the medical field, and am a bit of a tech geek, and still couldn't help but feel the machine had a hint of magic stored in it somewhere. I understand, in theory, how it works, but that humans thought up and built something like it seems almost implausible.

[@H3erobrineNotch]

Alien technology

[@Raz.C]

Every good chemist is also part nuclear physicist and particle physicist. Once you understand the behaviour and function of atoms and molecules, you can start to make them dance for your amusement or medical benefit. The more you understand, the better the tech becomes and the better our tech becomes, the more we are able to understand. Of course, to the layman, such things will appear to be magic. Hells, a poor or even average chemist will think such things are magic! But for a competent chemist, the world is Hogwarts and you are the wizard!

[@marvin2678]

Look at me im a Geek 🤓

[@yogeshykvOfficial]

Some really brilliant physicists.

[@wings9925]

Completely plausible. And extremely clever. Human scientific discoveries are incredible; building generation upon generation. Imagine just how much more advanced our knowledge would be today if the Catholic Church hadn't spent 2,000 years supressing the philosophy, literature and science of the Alexandria Library. Knowledge that was lost and took 1,500 years to start being rediscovered. If you're unaware, read Carl Sagan and look it up. The Church gave us this "ooo it's mythical and implausible" self-doubt. It's not. It's good science and human intelligence at work.

[@travellerfarhan]

That's why I get panic attack in mri machine

[@ThaStonedGardner]

MRIs feel super weird on my low back hardware. It gets warm and feels like it's vibrating. Gotta go in for one next week.

[@CoffeeSnep]

In my organic chemistry courses we've used NMR (MRI without the imaging, just graphs) for identifying so many different molecules it's insane. I'll admit it's a pain to interpret but it will tell you exactly what is in a molecule and at how it's all connected. Tells you the location of individual atoms relative to others in the compound, it's insane. And it isn't just for water, it can be applied to any atom, normal isotope or not, that has an odd number of protons if I remember correctly. There's carbon NMR, chlorine NMR, hydrogen NMR, etc. It's incredible.

[@leo_warren]

Speclab has been one of my favourite and difficult modules - NMR on it's own is a PITA but with some IR or Mass Spec, it's more like suduko.

[@ColonelFredPuntridge]

I have actually done nmr on xenon nuclei. No fooling. Look up “NMR optically pumped xenon”

[@Briguy1027]

I am old enough to have learned about NMR and we read them back in like 1985, if I remember correctly it was able to read proton spin.

[@mekosmowski]

It has to be an integer multiple of spin 1/2. Any atom / isotope with integer spin states is not nmr active iirc. The number of atoms in a molecule doesn't matter. Any neutral molecule with just C, H, and O will have an even number of H's.

[@arrow2380]

Exactly. I was about to comment this 😊

[@BeaverOfDooom]

I'm a biomedical engineer student and when I first heard about the MRI machine I was instantly sold on what I wanted to do in the future. My professor explained that it might be the most difficult thing humans have ever achieved.

[@brandondherin2558]

KZbin channel Sky Scholar help to prove the previous math incorrect and that MRI was possible. Later he paid $200K to put an ad in The NY Times to talk about his theory of what the sun is made of (liquid metallic hydrogen)

[@ColonelFredPuntridge]

Much more difficult than going back to the Moon

[@oscargr_]

Its a huge conceptual and engineering feat for sure, but it's "standing on the shoulders of other giants"

[@AJ-nd4nk]

I'd say the LHC was the most difficult thing to achieve in science. An incredible engineering feat.

[@TheEulerID]

When I was at university, this was called nuclear magnetic resonance. The devices were originally called NMRI scanners, but they dropped the "nuclear" bit as they were concerned that people thought it was going to irradiate them and make them radioactive. Such is the effect the word "nuclear" has on the popular imagination. NMR does not work on molecules the way that microwaves do, they interact directly with the nuclei of atoms. In the case of medical (N)MRI, it's the nuclei of the hydrogen atoms that are part of (mostly) the water and fats that are part of the body which are resonating. The different environments that those hydrogen atoms are in give different responses to the resonance scanning and it's that which is used to produce those images (after a huge amount of computer processing). I recall back in my university days producing a little device in the lab for detecting NMR in samples. It was surprisingly simple, but then I was only looking for a signal on individual samples, not trying to make an image from it. I was just excited that I was directly interacting with the nuclei of atoms, which seemed quite exotic and much more exciting than just tearing electrons off atoms which happened in chemistry and electronics.

[@matthewbrunswick]

At some point Cleo got confused, she is saying the magnet makes her atoms spin. They always have spin and precession. The magnet aligns them and pulses of Radio Frequency flip them.

[@syedalirizwan-ok7qm]

Yeah I learned about this in class this year in chemistry while studying spectroscopy but it was only two pages really base level. Now I am really interested to go into more detail.

[@samuelanders7597]

I had an mri back in 2017 and spent a good chunk of time asking the tech questions about how it worked. Really fascinating stuff

[@UMCPastorMNM]

I remember when I was working in a large hospital in the late 80's early 90's. MRI's came along and replaced something called "Exploratory Surgery".

[@janets7291]

I remember exploratory surgery. I wondered where it went! Much better not to physically slice you.

[@tylisirn]

@@janets7291Still happens, but extremely rarely nowadays. There are a few things you can't see well in X-rays (includes CT), MRIs, or ultrasound, so you have to still open the body to look. Nowadays it is typically done endoscopically, so even it is much less invasive as well.

[@kanduyog1182]

Yeah, well back in my day, we solved everything via lobotomy.

[@udaykadam5455]

Holly $hit 😵

[@KajiKintsugi]

From cutting open to just scanning. It's like the jump from thousands of years to near modern hundreds where it was done with far more skill and roadmaps than the old world... to near Star Trekian levels of "scan them", freakin awesome.

[@dr.psycho5606]

The only downside to MRI is that it's expensive, takes almost half an hour to perform and it's scary for claustrophobic people.

[@ColonelFredPuntridge]

And if you have any implanted electronics like a pacemaker you can’t go near an mri magnet

[@MrEo89]

Newer MRI machines take the discomfort into account for claustrophobics, and for everyone else in the first world with a BMI > 30 😅

[@AndreaCrisp]

I have MS and so I have MRIs annually. My recent one was in a new MRI machine and it had a window! Someone who is claustrophobic would still likely hate it, but better than the old style. My MRIs take an extremely long time because they have to do the brain and then sections of the spine. It was almost 90 minutes. Luckily only once a year. I basically close my eyes and meditate. I also use my own earplugs which are better than the ones my hospital provides.

[@tanjeeschuan4999]

​@@AndreaCrispI'm about to ask about wireless ear buds then I realised my stupidity. I think I'd be bored out of my mind sitting for an hour.

[@sachinvaikunth]

@@MrEo89 the open MRIs are not at good as providing images as the regular machines

[@ernestfry6034]

Are MRIs harmful in any kind of way?

[@applesauces5]

Dr. Raymond Damadian was the inventor of the first Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) with his company Fonar.

[@sanjaycool6915]

As a science student ,The passion in this clip for science is just what's needed to follow your content forever

[@StatiCraft3712]

Bad explanation though.

[@nousername8947]

@@StatiCraft3712 for a 45 sec clip, it was a perfect explanation.

[@StatiCraft3712]

@@nousername8947 not at all. Maybe if you wanted to explain it incorrectly to a 6th grader. Biggest error is assigning a physical attribute to spin

[@panner11]

​@@StatiCraft3712 yeah how it really works is very weird and unintuitive. I don't think it can be explained in layman's terms in a short.

[@StatiCraft3712]

@@panner11 I don't think it can either. But it doesn't need to be to explain how an MRI works

[@jojothetasmaniansassmonkey8866]

too bad insurance providers will do everything in their power to justify denying approval of a doctors MRI order....they always want you to get a cheaper (and more risky) ct scan first

[@toma5153]

Or make you get the cheapest ultrasound. My doc requests MRI with contrast agent, but using those agents requires good kidneys.

[@deadreckoning292]

CT scans are more expensive than MRIs

[@jojothetasmaniansassmonkey8866]

@@deadreckoning292 thats generally not the case. On average an MRI costs around 2 times as much as an equivalent CT

[@Pooua]

Or x-rays...

[@AndreaCrisp]

MRIs are definitely more expensive than CT scans. At least in the USA.

[@allrightsreserved3237]

Mri found my brain aneurysm early enough to control it without surgery

[@johnmike121]

The blood vessel images on the Tesla 7.1's are worth googling

[@awesomecheese3774]

Good for you!

[@terminatedaccount8750]

You could take MRI's of MRE's for memories

[@cg.man_aka_kevin]

The MRI that scanned our head looks absolutely horrific for common people, but that's the reality. Plus, I was also shocked when I saw those eyeballs, LOL... 😂😂😂

[@_Ben___]

Laymen... Looks like reality to me.

[@cg.man_aka_kevin]

@@_Ben___ You didn't even read my comment carefully...

[@BallyBoy95]

Don't google 'MRI of foetus,' because their eyeballs make them look like little demons. That's why they make you stick with an ultrasound aha! XD

[@Brisingr73]

​@@BallyBoy95 Well damn, now I _have_ to look that up 😂

[@exp-io853]

​@@BallyBoy95saw a doctor made a short abt it and someone commented that they will post that baby in the baby shower the baby announcement etc until they grow up haha i can send the link or comment its funny

[@genderno7448]

mri’s are basically just giant magnets. ive had a couple and they always question you so aggressively to make sure you have 0 metal on you

[@samevans1289]

Jesus! Imagine still having your nipple piercing on😅

[@oddlyspecificmath]

_mri safety demonstration_ is a decent search for anyone interested

[@ray.gene.bowner]

Anyone with claustrophobia and/or stand still for 30 minutes is gonna go berserk inside that gigantic machine

[@leftysheppey]

When you showed the picture of the guy who helped create MRI, i was amazed at how young he was. I had an MRI 10 years ago. I nearly fell asleep. I was the last scan of the day, and naturally, i couldnt fit in the machine. Not because I'm fat, my knee was locked in a 90° angle. The nurses figured it out and it wasnt an ideal image, but i got all fixed up in the end

[@GanNing221]

Video in a nutshell: Natalie Portman talks about MRIs

[@quitstalin]

The deep fakes are getting crazy

[@adamcaswell1924]

I was going to say a cross between Cindy Crawford and Keira Knightly. 😊

[@robinhood6954]

She's the very last person I'd listen to about anything.

[@craigellsworth3952]

Just say it guys, she's a doll.

[@craigellsworth3952]

@Robin Hood I get it, you much prefer to listen to ugly women.

[@RobWVideo]

Back when I was in University in the 90s, it was still called NMRI (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging) in our textbooks. When commercializing the technology however, they realized that people might be a little worried about sticking their heads inside a giant thudding machine with the word "Nuclear" prominently emblazoned on the side so they modified the name.

[@constantine11]

It's an N word you're not supposed to say

[@WhatTheFriedRice]

Nukeular are scary

[@shrikanthpai6604]

There is a branch of radiology called nuclear medicine right?

[@RobWVideo]

@@shrikanthpai6604 which usually involves injecting radioactive isotopes into the body that can then be sensed by a reader sensitive to that particular type of radiation. (N)MRI doesn't involve radioactivity. "Nuclear magnetic resonance" refers to the nucleus of the atom aligning in the magnetic field and then resonating when hit with a strong RF field, which produces a signal that can used to build up a picture of the interior of the body.

[@shrikanthpai6604]

@RobWVideo understand the concept of nmr dint know the other thing

[@mattleathen445]

In chemistry, we call it NMR. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The “nuclear” tag was dropped in medicine to not scare the public.

[@blackpurple9163]

MRI sounds like something that has existed for quite some time, like since 21st century began and it was there, I didn't realise how advanced it is

[@lauriedepaurie]

I teach MRI physics to students. So here's the strangest part: the physics of an MRI -albeit weird- are imaginable. You can draw things, you can explain how the scan either enhance certain types of tissues based off of their behaviour in this magnetic field or extrapolate it. Typically, this is the easy part of explaining. But how it has to figure out which signal comes from which place and how it has to put all of the signals in the right place -> that's where you start losing people. Luckily to operate you don't need to know the ins & outs of the maths involved, and you just need to know the properties and techniques of the K-space. That part just weirds students out.

[@panner11]

As a student who took a course related to this. Yeah it completely lost me. Weirded out and difficult to grasp is an understatement.

[@fastm3980]

k space 😢

[@lauriedepaurie]

In the defence of K-space: it is typically overcomplicated. It's abstract, but nothing more or less than a table where it writes down the signal with different levels of gradient. Every echo will come from the entire volume of the slice. The x and y axes are literally the phase encoding gradient and frequency encoding gradient (from a negative, to a positive state, with a 'neutral' state in the middle. And in order to perform the fourier transformations (I'm not even going to pretend like I know how those work), you have to fill out the entire table. The consequences of this are a little less abstract. A gradient is an inhomogenous magnet, is less signal, but a lot more specific to which frequencies get written down. More gradient = more details. So the edges of the K-space (which are the stronger positive and negative sides) will hold information about details. Less gradient = more signal, more signal is more definition between contrasts. So the neutral center of the K-space holds most of the contrast and signal. Echoes are symmetrical. It rephases and dephases symmetrically. But a negative and positive gradient will also be symmetrical. So a K space will be centrically symmetrical, allowing for some tricks to 'skip' the slow phase encoding gradient. And that, together with the fact that (except for water-fatshift) all artefacts (motion, fold over etc) will arise in your phase encoding direction is why it's a parameter. K-space is a pretty basic thing if you think about it. It is just a table. The math done with the fourier stuff is weird but the K-space itself and the consequences (especially when explained simultaniously with the gradients) aren't too complicated.

[@ForHisGloryMinistry]

@@lauriedepaurie When I was feeling unwell after my MRI, I was told by the MRI Technician that your cells get flipped upside down when doing the MRI & then go back to normal there after. She said that was probably why I wasn't feeling well when I get these. I told her if I take EmergenC after or at least 1,000 mg of Vit. C it helps me recover quickly. Do you agree about the MRI flipping your cells & that could make you feel ill, if not what would be your reasoning?

[@lauriedepaurie]

@@ForHisGloryMinistry the MRI doesn't really flip anything, let alone cells. It changes the direction of the spins of protons inside of the pools of water cells are. There are 2 effects you might notice caused in an MRI. Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (which is typically felt as tingles or muscle spasms while the machine is scanning) and moving through higher field strengths can be felt (we're not totally sure why or how). Both of which are very short term and are as far as we're aware completely harmless. Most of the side effects are typically related to a contrast dye being used, nerves and or already known symptoms. Whatever the cause it's actually not oncommon for people to be dizzy, overstimulated, tired, emotional etc. after a scan, and whatever helps for you helps for you.

[@rsklinge]

These things are so loud! Did they do the one scan that sounds like the machine screaming DIE DIE DIE DIE at you? lmao

[@dalenjurgens6751]

Lol. I couldn't even hear the music . It was no help. 30 minutes of fear. Lol

[@herbertkeithmiller]

That is the magnetic field being turned on and off each time it does so the atoms emit a radio wave that's how they map your body. But I Love the DID DIE DIE LOL😅

[@darknessLordCC]

The sounds actually make me sleep. I had more than 10 MRIs for my brain to the end of my spine, takes more than 1 hour every time so I am used to it.

[@dameel1]

😂😂😂😂

[@tedwalford7615]

​@@darknessLordCC Yep. I sleep through them. Zzzzz ...

[@dandkproductions7285]

My Uncle One of the ORIGINAL nuclear resonance imaging INVEBTORS

[@Freedomfred25]

I got an mri for bashing my head at the mental hospital

[@jebus456]

The way in which the machine is powered and mechanically operates is pretty interesting as well.

[@profiskipinternational4402]

U need a powerplant to run it. 😂

[@phillyphakename1255]

Superconducting magnets supercooled by liquid helium. And that's just the the magnets!

[@guym6093]

​@@profiskipinternational4402 not really. Once the magnet is at full field they pull the plug from the magnet... The electricity continues to flow through the magnet because of super conductivity. It's one of the closest things we have to perpetual motion. NOTE it's not perpetual motion. There are losses and it needs more power in a year or two to keep at field. Yeah you need power for the computers and transmitters but not much more than a powerful ham radio.

[@Network126]

​@@guym6093 Electricity from where if the power is cut to the magnet? How does that work??

[@guym6093]

@@Network126 The magnetic coil is super cooled almost to absolute 0. This makes the magnet very close to 0 ohms resistance. Which allows the electrons to flow through the magnet freely. Resistance is the enemy of perpetual motion. If you can bring the resistance to 0 then you have unity. NOTE I said almost 0 resistance. So the electrons do flow through the magnet but not forever. So it's not perpetual motion. The magnet can stay at field for 2 to 3 years. Until the electrons dissipate do to heat and the field decays. If you really want to get into how these super conductive magnets work look up ramping super conductive imaging magnets. The problem is that you need to use liquid helium to keep the magnet coils cold enough.

[@Ruinedmovie]

The more interesting part IMO is that by modulating the magnetic pulse length and the time the sensor listens, you can actually differentiate between free water (usually blood) and fats. This is because bound hydrogen in organic compounds requires more energy to excite. This can be used to see if a person has internal bleeding... its wild.

[@shrikanthpai6604]

Amazing. Totally magical what secrets nature holds and what we can learn just by understanding the laws that govern it

[@XMysticHerox]

You can differentiate between any tissue actually. In fact NMR spectroscopy (same tech) is used in biochemistry to analyze the exact structure of biomolecules. Or it can be simply used to analyze a sample and see whats in there.

[@Ruinedmovie]

It's complicated but a medical MRI only does HNMR bio chem uses CNMR and HNMR. Because each tissue in the body usually has different proteins and chemical structures all being hydrocarbons, the MRI yes can differentiate between almost any tissue but not all. However, the technology used for lab analysis actually does not function the same way an animal MRI machine works, its measurement is for a tiny highly pure sample. impure samples give false positives. The MRI in medicine makes a topographical computer-enhancedd image of the wiggle from the different types of hydrogen bonds in the molecules in the animal body. Of the 8 different movements (i believe its 8) hydrogen makes an MRI response to two (wiggle and stretch) whereas the HNMR using much higher energy per unit area does all forms.

[@Dee_arrAbdullah]

As a doctor MRI is probably the best diagnostic invention in history.

[@crazyburkey3677]

An MRI will definitely let you find out if you've got a phobia of tight spaces

[@GRBtutorials]

Something that amazed me when I read about the working principles of MRI machines is that most of them use the 2D or 3D Fourier transform to produce an image from a single receiver. I know some of the math behind it and it still feels like magic.

[@XMysticHerox]

You measure the electromagnetic waves emmited as the nuclei "relax". But you want a frequency domain not a time domain which where the Fourier transform comes in. Estimating the frequency domain from molecule structure is one of most annoying things I had to learn at uni ^^

[@herbertkeithmiller]

The magnetic field causes the spin of the atoms to all line up along orientation of the magnetic field. Then the magnetic field is turned off and the atoms realign themselves to their original orientations making a radio wave as they do so. This is then picked up by receivers located all around you in the MRI. It is reassembled into a three-dimensional picture. Truly amazing stuff.

[@bryanmills5028]

You can't really turn on/off electromagnets of this size. What they do is apply an RF pulse at an angle to the field and watch the relaxation

[@catalindeluxus8545]

Thank you. I feel this is what the video failed to explain

[@herbertkeithmiller]

@@bryanmills5028 thank you for a better explanation.

[@dustinsc2023]

@@bryanmills5028 The electromagnetic field in an MRI scanner is turned off by reducing the voltage to the coils that create the field. The voltage is gradually reduced over a period of a few milliseconds, which allows the molecules in the body to realign without emitting too much radio signal. If the voltage was simply turned off, the molecules would realign very quickly and emit a large amount of radio signal. This would make it difficult to create clear images. The MRI scanner also uses a technique called "gradient pulses" to create the images. Gradient pulses are short bursts of radio waves that are used to create a spatial variation in the magnetic field. This variation allows the MRI scanner to distinguish between different parts of the body.

[@juliann.n.9016]

@@dustinsc2023 the magnet for the homogeneous z-magnetisation does never turn off or change in any way. It’s a superconducting magnet with a constant magnetic field which gets ramped up once when the MRI is installed. The changing magnetic field is introduced by the gradients, extra non-superconducting coils for extra x-y, and z magnetisation. They make it no more homogeneous but give the magnetic field a gradient in magnetic strength in a certain direction which defines the plane where the spins are excited by the high-frequency pulse (similar in frequency as a microwave). This works because the frequency the spin turns and resonates (this is why it’s called mRi) is dependent on the magnetic field the spin lies in. With these gradients, only the spins get excited that lie in the certain layer of specific magnetic field strength. The spins then change the magnetisation of the measuring coils with a certain frequency and decay time where a 2D-Fourier Transform can then be used to build an image. I hope this helped a bit :)

[@betsydonato6817]

water is a " dipole" event...captain.

[@BloodKills]

One of my old teachers used to work with one of the guys who invented the first MRI machine. I also now need one every year to make sure a cyst on my frontal lobe doesnt grow

[@shofisstar]

I love when people are passionate about stuff because your excitement about this whole thing and that scan of the brain just rekindled a dream I had at like 16 of becoming a neuroscientist. People that inspire us to want to learn everything that there is are my favorite part of humanity. You’re in my list with Hank Green and the Irwin’s (Steve/Terri/Bindi/Robert)

[@unperfectbryce]

I think the crazy genius who figured out the image processing to turn those signals into human readable images is amazing too!

[@shrikanthpai6604]

Dint they use electric impulses to transmit voice over a wire and reproduce it at the other end. Imagine the moment when that was discovered

[@DrDeuteron]

Radar had that worked out, at least part of it. Cat scans solved the other part

[@ColonelFredPuntridge]

It wasn’t any _one_ genius. It was a team - actually several teams

[@DrDeuteron]

@@ColonelFredPuntridge it was one guy: Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier

[@ColonelFredPuntridge]

@@DrDeuteron His contribution was certainly pivotal, I won't deny that. But you can't attribute all of MRI to him alone, or even just the transformation of electrical impulses into images.

[@SoniWyd]

That sounds similar to how microwaves heat food 💀

[@ShaharHarshuv]

The computational algorithms needed to decipher the signals are also insane, since they are basically 2D projections of the data in multiple directions

[@anonymousbub3410]

I have had MRI’s for over a decade and my neuro-oncologist whom I have been seeing this whole time has started working in her field before MRI’s were even made, I just think it’s crazy how her whole field of study was changed by these machines!

[@Chrispy_tV]

Had a lot of MRIs done in different parts of my body. The feeling of something that isn’t necessarily ‘hot’ or ‘cold’ warm a part of your body up literally from the inside out is never not weird af.

[@ColonelFredPuntridge]

That is a side-effect of the contrast-dye, not an effect of the MRI itself.

[@snowps1]

I just had one last week. It felt like my body was vibrating.

[@OmnipotentNoodle]

​@@ColonelFredPuntridge How are you sure? It seems like it might make sense that the MR is jiggling your water and heating you up?

[@ColonelFredPuntridge]

@@OmnipotentNoodle Yes I am quite sure. NMR doesn't work by "jiggling" the water; that is what microwave ovens and infrared space-heaters do, not NMR spectrometers. (Actually microwaves make your water molecules _rotate_ faster; infra-red radiation is what "jiggles" the water molecules.) What you are doing when you do MRI (which is a type of NMR) is you are tweaking the spin directions of the magnetic nuclei (usually H+ nuclei, aka protons, but sometimes carbon-13 or some other atomic nucleus), which are like little atom-sized compass-needles (very small, very weak magnets). Not good transmitters of energy or heat.

[@ColonelFredPuntridge]

@@snowps1 LOL what was vibrating was most likely the motor which slides you in and out of the magnetic field, or the motor which moves the spectrometer around your head or body. NMR itself does not cause vibrations you could feel.

[@-_-daarin-_-]

Is it just me or I felt like a ball in my stomach..

[@michaelbraum77]

Wow!!! Never knew an MRI worked like this! Thank you, Cleo!!! I literally learn something new from you every day!!! Thank you! It does seem like MRIs have always been here! ❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤

[@oinkersboinkers7188]

Just had a brain MRI last night, stuff’s WILD

[@rubayaafzal2658]

Are you okay?

[@oinkersboinkers7188]

@@rubayaafzal2658 Oh yeah, everything came out normal :D

[@no1any]

MRI have spin? MRIs are now a jojo reference! Jokes aside, this in incredible and im glad i found your channel

[@punarawijayasundara1569]

How the eyeballs appeared and disappeared in the first MRI clip was creepy

[@Amanda-cd6dm]

i wonder if an MRI can detect supernatural damage

[@pancakesnake]

If only us Americans could afford it 💀

[@KyleDP]

Would be keen to see a video or shorts series on some common tech equipment that seems initially mundane, but is actually way more cooler and interesting than what the average person suspects

[@_Ben___]

Any examples?

[@siddyrock]

Have you checked out the channel Technology Connections?

[@XMysticHerox]

Does this seem mundane? It's a magic tube that scans the inside of your body lol.

[@Sorchia56]

I recall when MRI machines started showing up in hospitals, I’m old! Saved my life, twice.

[@A-Milkdromeda-Laniakea-Hominid]

She didn't even touch on the cryogenic helium keeping those enormous magnets at superconducting temps. Beyond amazing tech.

[@lenethil2696]

my dad actually helped invent the MRI back in the 80s as he was one of the few people in the field having a PhD in Physics and Medicine, exactly what you need for this.

[@mindys1198]

What's his name is he from the US or from Germany. Did he ever get to work on the indomitable

[@lenethil2696]

@@mindys1198 sorry, but for privacy of me and my father I would like to not state his name, but he is German and was developing the tech at Böhringer Ingelheim in close collaboration with the NIH in the US, worked there for a while as well. As for whom or what exactly he worked with, I would have to ask him, as I do not remember all his stories 😅

[@brandondherin2558]

Dr. Pierre-Marie Robitaille from Sky Scholar channel helped to prove the previous math incorrect and that MRI was possible

[@officialspock]

That's how an inventor of MRI I imagined to look like

[@douglaschisolm2649]

The Beatles had a hand in development funds of the CT scanner through the company EMI. The code and calculations of imaging technology helped with the MRI as well.

[@Blast335pokemineblox]

Just finished my diagnostic imaging class for my master's degree. Yeah MRI's are incredible, and the tiny subtleties that need to be accounted for are just insane

[@MostPowerfulPMofIndia]

Mri saved countless lives

[@doctorsammy883]

You: do you know how an MRI works? Me who’s dad has a PhD in MR physics: yes. Yes I do. Thanks for reminding me of good childhood memories with my dad :))))

[@DriftKingNL]

The weird parts as somebody who became hyper aware of all things in and on my body after getting panic attacks is that I could exactly feel the direction of the magnetic force while being in a MRI.

[@leandraleo281]

WOAH

[@Bankable2790]

No way

[@csf1757]

No you can't. You can feel the radio waves (and it feels awesome btw). Humans have no ability to perceive magnetic fields of any type.

[@t-.-t.]

Bs!

[@bhargav772]

Had an mri just now, even I could feel it

[@ashleysteincamp]

I love that I’m seeing this three days before I get an MRI 😅

[@robertdeen8741]

It came about because of astronomy. It was invented to study gas clouds many light years away. After that it just took one brilliant medical tech to realise if it can detect different gas atoms light years away, why not different atoms in the human body?

[@brucewinningham4959]

Interesting! I am old enough to remember before MRIs were around. I had two MRIs (Thoracic & Lumbar sections of the Spine) performed nearly I year ago back to back. I was not Clostrophobic but my back & hips about killed me lying on that Stainless Steel table for so long.

[@melaniestarkey7868]

Yes I went through an MRI when I tore a rotary cuff in 2006 that's how they discovered I was eaten up with bone cancer. I went to a really nice place in Missouri for my spiritual development thirty of us who had less than a year to live all healed. They did no doubt prayers and had a special group trained to pray for us.

[@cryptojuicer]

Did y’all have a bunch of sex?

[@hassanghaffari9191]

Name of the place?

[@melaniestarkey7868]

@@hassanghaffari9191 I just got this message that you wanted to know the name of the place three months later and I finally get a reply. I would have answered you the minute I saw this. It is no longer there. The name of the place was called the Soul Esteem Center IT WAS IN MARYLAND HEIGHTS MISSOURI. They did NO* DOUBT* PRAYERS*. THEY TAUGHT CHRIST'S TEACHINGS. AND HONORED THE MANY DIFFERENT PATHS VERY SPIRITUAL PLACE NOT RELIGIOUS

[@melaniestarkey7868]

@@hassanghaffari9191 I have found that unity is the closest to what they would share at the soul esteem center.

[@silentfriend369]

​@@melaniestarkey7868beautiful

[@_DreamzGaming]

Now that scene from venom feels different

[@isaacnewtonstolemyjoy]

Its all fun and games until the prince albert gets ripped off

[@CommentorX]

This is what an MRI of my brain looks like. US: That will be $5000 please.

[@nunyabidness3075]

Canada: We’ll get a scan of your body once we are sure you won’t get better without it. 24 hours later… Canada: You must have emergency surgery, according to this scan, you could die at any minute. ^^^ I lived this and it’s not uncommon ^^^

[@glowyboi7175]

Here in New Zealand 🇳🇿 I had a full brain & spine MRI for NZ$3,000 total (US$1,900). That was with a 3T MRI.

[@vivalachoba]

In Greece i had a brain and spine MRI scan for 400 euros. That's a little more than 400 $. And there i was thinking it was too expensive

[@ericshaker9377]

Explanation is a bit unaccurate. Spin is already there as it is in every molecule. The spin of our water molecules goes from randomly aligned to uniformly aligned along a single direction in an MRI which is then shifted a little bit and the resulting energy observed. The signature of the spin and energy is used to determine its from hydrogen. Thats why we can MRI for other molecules like C13 MRI and how we differentiate the water molecules from the rest of the signals

[@dennishein2812]

They are the pits when you are clostraphobic. They’ve always had to give me Valium to get me through it.

[@AndreaCrisp]

Still not great experience-wise, but new MRIs have windows for this very reason.

[@V3ryan]

I had my first MRI today, and contrary to being anxious I found myself having a hard time not laughing. That machine produced every single 80's arcade noise imaginable.. it sounded like I was under attack from space invaders, Pac-Man, and the first Donkey Kong.

[@LjLaValle]

MRI can be a great way to detect problems, but the contrast they use can cause problems- sometimes it never leaves the body.

[@hbbstn]

There's no contrast

[@LjLaValle]

@@hbbstn better

[@The_fusion_physics_guy]

Contrast is from ct scans

[@LjLaValle]

@@The_fusion_physics_guy contrast is used for MRIs - I I had some pumped into me before one - had allergic reaction.

[@guitarmaddness13]

MRI contrast is an organically bound gadolinium compound of some sort. Multiple different varieties. However most modern MRI contrast is significantly safer than it used to be and allergic reactions are extremely rare. Though obviously can happen.

[@201950201950]

I remember back in 1989 I had to sign a waiver because I needed to have an MRI of my knee taken. It was still really knew it was kind of exciting. I was hoping I would become Magneto.

[@MissMyMusicAddiction]

however, even now, there are issues that need to be resolved, like corpses lighting it up like they're not corpses.

[@jinstriplehighnote4828]

i'm currently studying radiography and i just think this is so cool! :)

[@joewoodchuck3824]

I've had a number of MRIs for various purposes. One was a cancer scare which was eventually proven to be false. I don't want a scare like that ever again. The doc did admire my positive attitude during that time. But that's not I felt. Yeesh. Most of my career was associated with biological research, so I understand how it's done. No, I'm not a scientist. I was technical support staff designing and building custom laboratory equipment for them. It takes more people to operate a lab than people think. It was a good run even through we all went through periods of grant scarcity. None of it ever threw me out on the street though. I thank all of the principal investigators who work hard to understand how it works for living things. We can't do without scientific research.

[@Kithkanen]

For me, the most heartbreaking line in a "recent" movie was, "You know, one of those useless machines they used to make was called an MRI, and if we had any of those left the doctors would have been able to find the cyst in my wife's brain, *before* she died instead of after, and then she would've been the one sitting here, listening to this instead of me, which would've been a good thing because she was always the... calmer one."

[@shafaathmohammed1297]

Which movie exactly?

[@AndreaCrisp]

Love that movie! I just rewatched it.

[@AndreaCrisp]

​@@shafaathmohammed1297 Interstellar

[@princekesarwani5110]

That pause & your reaction after the 1st part of the video was just as amazing as this Mri technology

[@nishantmudgal4434]

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), is also known as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)

[@stxdude830]

You don't have to mention you're a doctor at all or even have it in your YT channel name; you jus emit doctor-ness. Also, super fascinated w MRI's(magnets in general), so nice video

[@ritesha8050]

this video is basically an answer to my physics paper, i think it was worth like 6 mks

[@Sandeepm13]

hahha right

[@Shadow_B4nned]

It's basically like a microwave oven that wiggles the water around in you enough that the magnets can detect it.

[@joshuagharis9017]

MRI detected a tonsillar abscess I had, but was so swollen they couldn't see. Very grateful 🙏 they saw and ENT were able to remove it

[@alfiehd5712]

He looks exactly what I thought he would lmao

[@_Ben___]

I'm assuming you're 150kg and in a basement.

[@Foolishem]

I mean he’s like a real life Nerdelbaum Frink Jr

[@AnonymousFreakYT]

The one that to me screams "WE LIVE IN THE FUTURE!" is PET scanners. To me, "antimatter" is a thing of sci-fi. It's what the Starship Enterprise uses. But a PET scanner literally detects antimatter generated by the tracer fluid they inject in you.

[@user-re8jn7iz3f]

what?? no!😂

[@eric.is.online]

@@user-re8jn7iz3f Yup

[@AnonymousFreakYT]

@@user-re8jn7iz3f Yep. A PET scanner's image is built by detecting the radiation given off by matter/antimatter annihilations. (Specifically electrons and positrons - Positron Emission Tomography)

[@user-re8jn7iz3f]

@@AnonymousFreakYT i know, its an injected radioactive fluid which is then detected…but to say its antimatter is a bit far off, its not THE antimatter you think it is

[@falling_vega1257]

@@user-re8jn7iz3f what do you mean it’s not THE antimatter? Antimatter is antimatter. The radionuclide isn’t what’s detected, it breaks down to emit positrons, which is antimatter. The positrons annihilate with matter and the products of that are detected

[@rowen9]

This was mentioned in my Electricity and magnetism class textbook and I thought it was so so cool

[@ahoyy_cf]

Search up an MRI of a pug. Worth it.

[@Wissam.]

Please have a radiologist read your MRI Cleo. I can't comment based on the clip you showed but I would look at the left premotor cortex more carefully.

[@Drumrock361]

This type of physics was by far my favorite to learn about and work with in college. One of the most important discoveries that help countless people everyday.

[@johnadams8371]

don’t forget radio waves are light.

[@revlerie]

I think we're advancing much faster than we wanted to...

[@_Ben___]

Who the fuck is we.

[@creativeastronauts6894]

I think this advancement is necessary for some areas and kind of a hazard in others.

[@revlerie]

@@creativeastronauts6894 indeed

[@revlerie]

@@_Ben___ humanity in its "entirety", what else?

[@tsepodladla8963]

Started learning about CBCT's in dental school. These are Incredible technologies developed within our lifetimes.

[@jkevinparker]

I can’t get an MRI without remembering that one episode of X-Files, so it’s kinda terrifying. 😵

[@josephbarker91]

It started being used in the early 1980's, which is about 40 years ago. At least half the people watching this never knew life without it.

[@JerryDLTN]

Reminds me of ~30 years ago, scientists took a dead prison inmate (who donated their body for science) froze him solid in a block of ice and then they stood him upright, took a picture looking down from the top of his head, shaved a millimeter down, took another picture, shaved a millimeter, took another picture, etc etc etc. and then digitized all those mm pictures.

[@RonanThomas]

Got an MRI on my knee at the weekend. Was researching how MRI machines work after that. Crazy that someone’s brain actually had this concept and figured this out. Super cool!

[@LOwens-xf8yo]

I have a rare genetic condition that caused my breast cancer and puts me at high risk of a variety of other cancers as well. I get a full body MRI, plus separate MRIs of my brain & breast, every single year. I’m so glad these exist! It sure helps me feel safer.

[@nl.dauhoo]

Only the MRI allowed the detection of final stage cancer of my dad some 23 years ago.

[@Cliffdog01]

Fun fact in New Zealand Medical research into X-rays has developed (in the lab still) a tool that picks up the minute changes in the X-rays as they pass through your body. Potentially creating a cheaper and easier scan than a MRI.