NAT Explained - Network Address Translation

What is NAT? This is an animated video tutorial explaining how NAT works (network address translation). What's the difference between a public IP address and private IP address? What's the difference between IPv4 vs IPv6?
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[@filmaker256]

So their will be no private IP addresses? Are you saying NAT will be obsolete?

[@ArisAlamanos]

I am mostly a visual learner and I cannot stress enough how brilliant your videos are. Keep up the good work. Simply amazing.

[@PowerCertAnimatedVideos]

Thanks :)

[@haydenpulchinski4836]

Actually, you are a multimodal learner. This video is instructed in a multimodal format. Everyone is a multimodal learner.

[@russellrogers2702]

I also have Subtitles turned on. I have learned that while watching movies I retain more subtle plot details. It's working for learning as well and holy shit. I just unlocked another level of understanding for myself. Which is weird, because I cant retain anything by simply reading an educational book. Everything blends together too much in the aftermath.

[@ghidraa9340]

Same, he needs to make coloring books too!

[@xicisionentertainment1924]

@@PowerCertAnimatedVideos seriously yes.

[@shirwan]

Fast forward 50 years, When the IPv6 was created, engineers didn't realize how big the internet would become, because even though there were 340 undecillion IPv6 addresses available, the engineers thought that that would be enough, but obviously THEY WERE WRONG.

[@ArjunChatterjeeIN]

Yeah I was just about say This! 🤣🤣

[@maurice4550]

I thought the same thing. Lol

[@augus255]

this had me dead :D

[@oracuda]

IPv12: Hello there

[@joshc7865]

If you look at the rate of population growth, it’s impossible. We will be either extinct by then or be using a more advanced technology for device communication

[@renragged]

"With a number that huge, we will never run out of IP addresses" Yeah... I heard that one before... ;-)

[@AxelYates]

Just thinking that! haha

[@Nhatanh0475]

When we concord the universe. Then we will have ip v8 and ip v10 with more word and letter and number :v Even Sympol :3

[@Gglsucksbigballz]

With each IoT device....

[@izea816]

with increasing AI and AI integration into all things humans, we will all have AT LEAST our own IP addresses (on our heads/hands) AS WELL as all other living things...and thats' before they decide to start applying nano-tech to our cells! Yeah that number can dwindle pretty fast....

[@ACommenterOnYouTube]

@renragged: we won't run out because public IP address' are LEASED out for ~24 hrs so each public IP address that is used will be re-used over and over as older devices get phased out or as you people swap out cell phones every year ... Not all devices will access the internet for the rest of its life. At some point your device will shut down due to age, security, or failure at which point its public IP address will move on to another device ...

[@joaomoniz7854]

I work in IT for the last 14 years and recently i've been helping others in troubleshoot and want to teach fundamentals in a Simple clear way- so they dont just solve and issue but understand it. Sir, your videos are brilliant for this. You are Simple, Direct, usefull and very pertinent. You are helping me Help others who in Turn Will better understand and Help others. Sharing is caring. Thank You ☺️🙏

[@krishnamohanyerrabilli4040]

Respect 👌

[@leecordita22]

Hi Sir. Can you explain Double NAT in simpler way?

[@ranjanadissanayaka5390]

I want to watch another video saying "therefore engineers created ipv6. They thought world would never run out of ip addresses. THEY WERE WRONG!!!

[@swingambassador]

I came here to say the same thing lol😂

[@davidpepin3017]

"Hey boss, whats the address of the exchange server again?" "For the last time, it's 2001:56b:bd91:3f00:b8da:922d:9485:9d0."

[@dinkody23]

translate it :D

[@frankdauer662]

And that's the reason why starting using DNS names now for all.. but yeah i got the joke ;)

[@eddiebelljr6201]

🤣🤣🤣 YESSIR!!!

[@traveldiary8122]

that's not even a valid IPv6 address. but yeah got the joke!

[@Adonis8989]

Funny joke but if you’re computer is already connected to the company domain why would you need the ipv6 address of the server when you can just use your company email and password, created by the system administrator, to sign into your email account? Serious question.

[@zyzzuschrist3410]

Man I've learned so much from your videos bro. Please keep them coming!

[@SunirmalChakraborty]

True

[@shurenliu6031]

truly true

[@jeanchrinot]

Yeah he is the best

[@tinanickerson1006]

Same ...studying for my A+ and these vids help so much!!

[@lenso2010]

Each time i listen to this guy i realize there are good lecturers out there. Thanx man for always delivering mouthwatering tutorials

[@rosehathaway8201]

This is honestly the best and most concise explanation ever. Thank you.

[@PowerCertAnimatedVideos]

Thanks

[@adityatiwari2902]

Whenever I suffer in understanding any concept, you always have a simple explanation for it. Thank you for sharing your knowledge :)

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These lessons are done so well. I can tell lots of time went into these presentations.I have learned a lot in a very short period. Things I always wanted to know.

[@Husheo]

I didn't think that I would understand some technology; because I am behind learning the basics. However, I am amazed at how easy you all made this video for anyone to grasp its meaning. Thank you very much.

[@jorgellopezlopez4051]

Thanks for the video. You born to be an educator.

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Yes but you're not. *NOR* am I! See what I did there? Ok, I'll leave...

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​@@axlearyakia AND i´m leaving too ;)

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@@hoola_amigos the symbol of NOT gate check it

[@MrZipiR]

I usually don't comment to videos but man, you are amazing educator with a calm and relaxing voice. Thanks for the free knowledge, I learn from your 5 mins videos more than I learn in 3 months course .

[@jan5092]

Thank you very very much for your extremely educational KZbin videos that bring back a lot of forgotten knowledge in my memory.

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How great is that, no long into, no begging for likes or subscribes, immediately as soon it starts it answers your questions, this is good content

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As the field coordinator for a network installation company I don't necessarily need an in depth knowledge of network configuration, but a basic understanding of how it works helps generate up-sells for us and the companies we work with, your vids are perfect, thanks!

[@Barberseanmichael]

This guys REALLY good man lol taking IT classes on my own but man, for clarity he really clears up these concepts. Thanks a billion

[@ahmadwaqas6044]

This is best tutorial channel i have came across. Pleasant and simple animation, Smooth and relaxing voice is icing on the cake. Keep it up Sir. JazakAllah

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My gooodness the videos are mind blowing... U r a magician.. THank you very much for fantabulus videos and animations

[@PowerCertAnimatedVideos]

Thank you so much

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I love these videos- I'm studying for my CompTIA Network+ and this helps so much

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He's right, your videos really make someone (me) an expert in 3 minutes

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Superb, Awesome. Love your way of explanation. Always excited to watch new videos on this channel. It has made me learn and understand technology in a much better and simpler way. God Bless you Sir for making such Wonderful videos. Thank You so much.

[@PowerCertAnimatedVideos]

Thanks!

[@gwxyzzy]

PowerCert Animated Videos How does the router know which internal IP address should be used for incoming data?

[@tkjayeshkumar5658]

This channel is my teacher.... .my respected teacher....

[@PowerCertAnimatedVideos]

Thank you :)

[@maksymiefimenko8214]

Finally I've found a comprehensive explanation of NAT! Thanks a lot

[@paulodeleon1715]

This is better than linus tech tips and techquickie! give this channel a million sub! keep it up the good work man!

[@PowerCertAnimatedVideos]

Thank you.

[@outlaw8379]

4:08 - "With a number that huge we will never run out of IP addresses" 2020 - Hold my Internet Protocol

[@AbuTaher-eh1is]

Gonna sit semester final exam & watching your videos. Your videos certainly make one's concept clear. Thank you so much for such nice explanation and animation as well.

[@gagaadadasdadadas]

You sir ... you are a very good and well educated teacher, because only a good theacher can "translate" a complex information into simple words which stay as informational as possible AND understandable for a exhausted brain in the middle of the night (me) :) Thank you very much ! Keep the good work and keep it simple :)))))

[@josepha4586]

Very, very interesting as usual. You are so good to teach. thanks

[@James_Knott]

A few points. Some ISPs hand out private addresses, which mean customers are already behind NAT and so cannot connect to their own network from elsewhere. NAT also breaks some protocols. Also, address classes are obsolete, replaced with classless addresses, where a base address and subnet mask are specified. BTW, according to Vint Cerf, the guy who invented this, 32 bit addresses were only intended to be used for proof of concept, with the final version having a much larger address space. Unfortunately, IPv4 escaped, leaving the world trying to get by with only 32 bits addresses.

[@FAZILG007]

Hey, im using a wireless 5g home Internet which is connected by sim router zlt x21, i have a doubt to clear. The thing is i want to use my router in my car to access wifi while im travelling but the network disconnects, is this because of NAT enabled? I can only use in the area of my home

[@FAZILG007]

I do have a socket to plug my router in my car

[@James_Knott]

@@FAZILG007 I don't think NAT would cause it to disconnect. What are you doing when that happens? Are you moving? If so, it might be something as simple as a temporary loss of the cell connection.

[@clonkex]

@@FAZILG007 Home wireless connections are often locked to a specific cell tower. If you want internet while you're driving, you'll be better off with a regular mobile sim in your phone. Does that answer your question? It should be entirely unrelated to NAT.

[@mskafridi4815]

This is the best and easiest explanation I have heard, so simple to understand, I have paid £800 for online course and its rubbish

[@stanislasandrebernardidris4019]

truly this courses you're providing are treasure. It is not common to get so well explained tech videos. youtubers that follow that channel are blessed.

[@Rainbow__cookie]

I dont need school you are my teacher *I dont need sleep i need answers*

[@metalwellington]

You didn't explain how nat works. How does the router know which incoming traffic is for which device.

[@tanveerhasan2382]

using port numbers?

[@mdwasim959]

I have also same question

[@duglawbagasao8785]

this is the basic concept bro. Research about it.

[@chintaraghu7060]

I think router remembers the MAC address of the device which is unique....

[@prasanna5836]

They use the port preservation technique,bacially when outbound traffic passes through router,the router uses the same port as used by device and stores the port info internally and forwards it to server with its IP . When the incoming traffic returns on this port, the router knows from the data stored earlier, that it should forward this traffic to certain device with certain IP.

[@nainsiniceoin1190]

This is the best explanation yet of all the videos that I've watched. Thank you so much!

[@sainathbhandari6023]

you deserve more and more respect. Thank you for teaching me. Love you from INDIA.

[@jerrysanchez8361]

Your videos are so simple to understand thank you. Do you have a video for understanding routing protocols such as RIPV2, OSPF?

[@medilies]

How does NAT keeps track of request/answer packets and associates em to the correct private ip ?

[@anwarahmed5342]

Ok let’s try to make things easy: 1- Dynamic NAT works like this: I have a private network with 3 host devices connected to a switch and the switch is connected to a router, ok? Now my three host devices I assign them private IP Addresses, lets say: Pc1 192.168.1.1 Pc2 192.168.1.2 Pc3 192.168.1.3 I have a Dynamic NAT Configuration in my Router, this DNAT contains a pool of public IP addresses, assume my pool is: 1) 65.2.2.1 2) 65.2.2.2 3) 65.2.2.3 Now lets say pc1 sends a message to the internet, the data will first arrive to the switch and from there to the router, the router will take the first public ip address from its pool of DNAT addresses, for e.g., this pc1 will take this public ip address: 192.168.1.1 :: 56.2..2.1 This is how it looks the DNAT mapping table in the router, if pc2 also want to go outside to the network, the router will give the second public ip from its pool; 192.168.1.2:: 56.2.2.2 so on and so forth When a reply comes from outside (internet) to this private network, the router will check the public ip address of the destination, lets say it’s for pc1: 56.2.2.1 So it will map 192.168.1.1:: 56.2.2.1 So the router says aha I got it this data is for pc1 So on and so forth, but this type of NAT It will consume a big amount of public ip addresses which is not free- So the solution is to use other type of NAT, which is the one used mostly, PAT (port address translation), PAT works like this: The router configured with PAT has only ONE public ip address for all hosts in the its private network, lets say this address is: 56.2.2.10 but followed by a port number, like this: 56.2.2.10:: 8080 For pc1 -56.2.2.10::8081 For pc2 So on and so forth therefore when pc1 wants yo communicate with outside world, the router will remove pc1’s private ip address (192.168.1.1) and assign him a public address followed by a port number like this; 56.2.2.1::8080 Every host will use same public ip addresses but with different and unique port numbers- There are 65,635 port numbers available (only few are reserved for well known protocols or apps.)

[@abdirahman3794]

@@anwarahmed5342 confused

[@MartanTV]

I didn't listen to the lecture so I had to watch this video. Great explanation, thank you.

[@MyloMusica]

This guy has a gift, I can understand everything clearly at once

[@TheYodaman22]

Very helpful, cheers. I’m gonna laugh though if in 20 years time I’m watching a video that says “Engineers invented iPv6 and thought they would never run out of ip addresses”

[@jeanchrinot]

😂

[@DacLMK]

I doubt it because in order to run out of ipv6 addresses every person in the world would have to have billions of internet connected devices.

[@clonkex]

It's literally physically impossible to create enough devices to use up all the IPv6 addresses. It's not about hoping we don't run out, or just guessing that we won't. It's simple maths. As someone else put so well: I dont think any of you understand how enormous that number is. If you had a job that paid you 390 trillion dollars per hour (US) you would have to work 24 hours per day, 7 days per week, 365 days per year for a just a little less than 100 quadrillion years to earn 340 undecillion dollars. You could literally start handing out IP-adresses to bacteria. Or this great one: So we could assign an IPV6 address to EVERY ATOM ON THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH, and still have enough addresses left to do another 100+ earths. It isn’t remotely likely that we’ll run out of IPV6 addresses at any time in the future.

[@pratikagarwal6357]

I have one query regarding NAT. As you all know that every device over the internet is recognized by its IP address, but when NAT translates the private IP into the public IP, which is the same for all devices as shown in the video, so how does this device will get regognized.

[@Nexus9]

It doesnt by IP address, all those devices share the same IP. Depending on the service it maybe browser cookies/persistent cookies, browsing thumbprint, GEO location or other data the app may collect without you knowing...yeah, kinda disturbing

[@sidalpay747]

It's pretty obvious question that every video that explains NAT left out and did not address (pun intended). So when the service request comes back to requesting router how does router know which device originally requested that?

[@clonkex]

@@Nexus9 What is this nonsense?

[@futuresocieties.]

Thanks, so to briefly wrap up what you said; NAT or Network Address Translation is a router protocol intended to help with IPV4 conservation and conceals every local private IP for each device on a local/private network to a registered single unique PUBLIC IP address assigned by IPV4 that can be used to connect and use the internet for every device. NAT essentially hides your entire local network, and translates private IP address used in local area network to a public IP address. It acts as a filter if I'm not misunderstood, in that a device that doesn't specifically request data will be denied. It provides direction and can be though of as a street address instead of using the address for the place specifically, it uses a shorthand identifier. NAT can help provide security in this sense, it is a good addition with a firewall, after all though it does sit between the internal and external network, a firewall and NAT are completely different. one is intended to translate ip addresses or map them to one ip and one was designed to protect your computer (internal) from the external internet..

[@HUMAN-Abis]

So, how easier is for someone to access my PC with a open NAT type? In other words, will I get hacked since router will be in the demilitarised (dmz) zone of the internet?

[@khanumar6938]

@@HUMAN-Abisas per my understanding no not until you do anything wrong mistakenly in your computer

[@Snagalakshmibutti]

Man i have been learning so many topics which related to the networking..ur videos far far better than my faculty................

[@Dannybythebanana]

@4:11 Im from the future, we just released IPv9 and we now need Untrigintillion IP adresses. It aint easy maintaining internet access when your civilization transverses the entire known Omniverse...

[@geppetto917]

Can you imagine Year 2010's-20's: "never gonna run short on IPv6 addresses" Year two thousand and something: "ah shiet here we go again with NATting"

[@assistofficial9814]

Well this video helped more than a week and a half of classes. Thanks a lot.

[@kuliet4life]

Thank you soooooooo much. Didn't get a word my lecture was rambling about for 2 hours and you broke it down in minutes, bravo!!! 👏

[@youngming7752]

With IPv6 we would never run out of public IP addresses India: hold my 8th child

[@chethan579]

Doesn't make sense

[@chethan579]

Ipv6 can be used to address every single grain of sand on our planet. Logically we won't run out of ip addresses because no more sand, no silicon chips therefore no more devices.

[@youngming7752]

🤦🏻‍♂️

[@Gandalfbaws]

jesus christ my teacher had 1h lecture about this and i could not understand shit. Whatched this 4min video and understod everything perfectly.

[@evaa_121]

Excellent, excellent, excellent, excellent, excellent, excellent, excellent, excellent, excellent, excellent, excellent, excellent explanation. Thanks

[@mmarskii]

Ok I just founded ur videos and I really needed this!! I have exam about these things (NAT, WLAN, DNS and so on) and these videos are truly a way to learn things fast!!

[@amaurycaminero6661]

We will never run out of IPv6 addresses. Uhnnn thats what they said in the past with IPv4...

[@mr_peace]

Amaury Caminero 😂

[@lannylangston]

Well, IPv6 has the potential of 340 undecillion addresses. IPv4 has access to approx 4 billion. To put it in perspective, even if IPv6 were limited to 340 trillion addresses (it's not, it's undecillion), that would mean we could supply 4 billion IPv4 addresses to 85,000 different planets. However, an undecillion triples that amount to 85,000,000 (85 million), then triples it again to 85,000,000,000,000,000,000 (85 quintillion). So, for us to run out of IPv6 addresses, every person of our 8 billion people on the planet would have to have more than 1 trillion personal devices they wanted to connect to the internet. We're not going to run out.

[@fredtrentini6791]

@@lannylangston Even though that's true, there is no guarantee that we will never run out of ip addresses by using IPv6. As we all know, technology has been evolving exponentially on those last decades, so I doubt that this amount of ip addresses will always be enough, after all a number being too big or too small is just a matter of perspective.

[@lannylangston]

@fred that number is so big that the entire surface of the planet would literally have to be stacked shoulder to shoulder with people on every square inch, and each of those people would have to have over a billion devices each. Not going to happen. Ever. MAYBE if we colonize a few million other planets that are all on the same network.

[@fredtrentini6791]

@@lannylangston Damn, I didn't think about this detail at all and that's a pretty good point to state, but I still believe there is no limit for technology. :^) I mean, many circumstances could lead us to consume a lot more ip addresses without running out of physical space like building devices that are smaller, stacking higher amounts of them, having multiple virtual machines on a same device (which means a single device would use many ip addresses), etc. Anyway, when we finally run out of IPv6 addresses I won't even be here anymore. xd

[@pjmagesh]

You are the best. I have never seen any videos with such clarity. Super good. Much Appreciated!

[@johna1857]

This is an excellent explanation especially when you explain IPV6. Thank you

[@muslamic786]

Man you are genious, this is a very hard topic buy you explained it very nicely. Good work

[@JN-hw2lo]

This was quality. Had an understanding about NAT - but this cleryfied alot of questions i had, that i could not answer by myself or understand the answer when googling it. Thanks!

[@sarainreno30]

Once again you explained this in a way I finally understand.

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ó máj gád merri szisztör

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The best thing about this KN episode was how diverse it was. You had a Mexican chef cooking Chinese food in an Italian restaurant.

[@getnakedtech7393]

I like your videos, it's so easy to understand. You teach better than my teachers.

[@brunosousa6642]

Finally I understood what NAT is!

[@ParaLux89]

Great video! Clear, concise and straight to the point!

[@muhammadadilkhan717]

please keep them coming, learning a lot from you videos

[@ayen8855]

unbelievable teaching skills. fantastic channel !!

[@itsWooody]

Thank you for this !! Studying for a Data Communications exam and the understanding of NAT is much much more clear!

[@vaguincolombia]

Thank you so much for visual explanation. Thats the best way to explain something. Gracias.

[@Rain_MG]

Thank you for explaining how public addresses are translated into private ones :)

[@williesolomon614]

Very impressive video tutorial for Computer Engineers. Thank you for sharing. God bless.

[@SecureOpsWizard]

Thank you so much for these videos. You're a savior. Please don't stop.

[@mrbob_2245]

This channel teaches me better than my college

[@arutube123]

Very Clear and Crisp explanation

[@dragonniteIV]

Your video is brilliant, simplified and easy to understand. Period. ;)

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let's face it, your videos are pure gold!

[@brentnoladolph7023]

Your explanation is very clear thumbs up

[@chrishuston4445]

Its like pbs's electric company for Geeks. Awesome. So easy to understand and remember.

[@bodexvlog5118]

Gud day sir, i like your channel . can i ask you a favor for the explaination how to make a IP adress.

[@kahchuankoh6990]

Very clear and brief explanation!

[@ductran8118]

Your channel is so rewarding. I'm new to CCNA, your videos helped me a lot. Thank you so much.

[@deepakgautam2204]

Your teaching techniques are nice Easy to understand, Thanks

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these are so easy to understand. i love em’

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This channel is a Life saver ♥️♥️♥️

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WHO MAKES THESE VIDEOS THEY ARE TOO DAMN GOOD

[@coderninja1716]

You are the best source of information

[@diegogm3299]

This makes more sense than trying read a whole chapter on NAT

[@binyammamo6454]

Thank you so much, for explaining in a very easy way. God bless!

[@zauq5010]

Always very imformative and explained in very easy way for the viewer to understand.

[@dondai135]

Short and so much Information. You are my Hero!

[@jktrader37]

Thank you for a VERY clear and easy to understand explanation !!

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Thanks a bunch I've my exam tomorrow and you just saved me.

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Thanks for this simple explanation.!

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You clarified more than half of my doughts in just four mins!!

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Most brilliant knowledge u give...

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you guys best in explaining such stuff.👍👍

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The Greatest Explainatin ever

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another masterpiece. i always like these videos before watching them

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Video n teaching capability is really nice 👌

[@TechForJack]

My Best IT Channel