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Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) are a group of naturally occurring and synthetic acids used in skincare products to improve the appearance and texture of the skin. They work primarily by exfoliating the top layer of skin cells and promoting cell turnover. Here's how AHAs work:
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Exfoliation: AHAs are water-soluble acids that work by loosening the bonds between dead skin cells on the skin's surface. This process is known as exfoliation. As a result, the dead skin cells are sloughed off more easily, revealing newer, healthier skin underneath.
Cell Turnover: AHAs stimulate the skin's natural process of cell turnover. This means that they encourage the production of new skin cells to replace the old ones more rapidly. This can lead to smoother, fresher-looking skin.
Hydration: AHAs have a natural humectant property, which means they can help attract and retain moisture in the skin. This can be particularly beneficial for individuals with dry or dehydrated skin.
Unclogging Pores: AHAs can help unclog pores by removing dead skin cells and debris that can lead to blackheads and acne. They can also improve the appearance of enlarged pores over time.
Fading Hyperpigmentation: AHAs can help fade hyperpigmentation, such as sunspots, age spots, and melasma, by promoting the shedding of pigmented skin cells and encouraging the growth of new, more evenly pigmented cells.
Improving Skin Texture: With regular use, AHAs can improve the overall texture of the skin, making it look smoother and more youthful.
Common types of AHAs used in skincare products include glycolic acid (derived from sugar cane), lactic acid (found in milk and fruits), citric acid (from citrus fruits), tartaric acid (from grapes), and malic acid (from apples). Each type of AHA may have slightly different properties and may be more or less suitable for various skin types and concerns.
It's important to note that AHAs can make the skin more sensitive to the sun, so it's essential to use sunscreen daily when incorporating products containing AHAs into your skincare routine. Additionally, AHAs may not be suitable for everyone, particularly those with sensitive or easily irritated skin