Odin vs Wotan vs Woden : Explained

[@runedyrting8476]

I am a Danish citizen. I think it is absolutely cool, that a cowboy in Colorado knows so much about my country`s language and history.

[@Ozzie_Mandias]

@The Golden Skysill I'm East Asian descent and I know more about Norse Mythos and even Christianity than the whites I met in Britain.

[@tompatterson1548]

Heyy, is that d in odin the soft d?

[@dusandragovic09srb]

It's his as well. World is ours/us. ;)

[@steensangill7772]

@@tompatterson1548 Yes Btw the danish town Odense is named after Oðinn and we do pronounce it as Oðense.

[@tompatterson1548]

@@steensangill7772 so “Othin” is right!

[@ChaosWitch72826]

My fiancé always makes fun of me for my heavy “wh” pronunciation. Even the show family guy made fun of it with the words “wheat thin” 😭 I’m so glad I found you! Now I have a way to fight back! 🤣

[@Reubentheimitator6572]

I encourage your old pronunciation.

[@Reubentheimitator6572]

Thanks to whoever liked my comment.

[@Reubentheimitator6572]

@@Thelaretus Hmm, good for you, but maybe people will bully you anyway.

[@T_Dun]

As an Englishman, I love it.

[@geoffboxell9301]

I am 73 and originally from South London. We still used "hw" rather than "wh", but only when emphasising the word.

[@slimytoad1447]

I'm from England and a Surrey town called Croydon which has a ward called Waddon,supposedly based on the name Wodin

[@Hin_Håle]

I love the phone drop. And that you kept it in the vid. Great video as always.

[@barabbastrebuchet1417]

I'm not sure why anyone would believe your videos are shot with a fake backdrop, although I did imagine seeing Jack Torrance's Volkswagen from The Shining ascending the mountain road behind you.

[@hschan5976]

Let it go he was only joking

[@chaunceyhulbert7264]

If you speed up the video you can see the sun move the shadows in the back.0

[@philoconceptionist]

chauncey hulbert ye, u could even see the tree moving

[@windows95_de]

Tree is moving

[@z0ttel89]

Great video! I'm from Germany and in our old tales, he is almost always referred to as "Wotan".

[@dirkbimini5963]

"Wotan" is the Richard Wagner variant of the 1800s.

[@dontaylor7315]

​@@dirkbimini5963 Are you saying Wagner coined that variant or just that he used it? Btw the four musical dramas that comprise The Ring are my favorite operas...if it's even correct to call them operas (I think Wagner was trying to move beyond opera when he composed them).

[@valerielecanasson4272]

Indeed coming from "die Wut". Wotan geriet in heilige Wut, um die Toten zu erwecken. That why English is difficult to understand, then the pronunciation is not finisched for a french native ear.

[@wrongthinker4475]

I'm as fast as Sleipnir. The Norns have told me that this video is good, so I'm gonna give it a thumb up before watching it.

[@SebastianLiljegren]

In Swedish Odin is usually referred to as Oden, but also Odin sometimes.

[@SebastianLiljegren]

@Diogenes TheDog More like Ooooohhhhhden. ;)

[@GH-cy6fh]

I say "Oethin" because I understand that's old norse?

[@TheA2930]

That was a sound change that occurred in East Norse (Danish & Swedish), where /i/ became /e/. The same thing happened with Loke (Loki). The "proper" names for the gods Odin, Tyr and Frey in Swedish would be Oden, Ti and Frö.

[@williamthomas2278]

I can't hear hwat you are writing

[@SM_zzz]

Thank you Dr. Crawford.

[@apemanog8377]

You give such detailed lessons and breakdowns on etymology and pronunciation, your channel is a great source for anyone who is trying to learn on their own. Thank you for what you do!

[@Langharig_Tuig]

Also got Weda (often used by Frysians) and Wuotan (another Germanic variant), and my favourite being the genitive of the Germanic variant: Woens-, as in Woensdag (Wodans day) or Woensspanne (a measure of length)

[@hschan5976]

Rens Gervers Didn't Lombards call him Godan or something

[@Langharig_Tuig]

@@hschan5976 Could be; there are so many names. And religions in those days didn't have "hard borders", almost all religions in Europe and the near-east have a similair lightning sky-daddy with in a way similair names. Makes you wonder: Do all relgions evolve the same way? Or do all religions stem from one root-religion? (Spoiler: both are true)

[@stellanathaniel3198]

​@@hschan5976 They did in some dialects; Dr. Crawford actually fielded a question about that on Twitter: twitter.com/Norsebysw/status/1100917915044511744

[@cwmyr]

@@Langharig_Tuig The sky father is Tiwaz, not Wodanaz.

[@dusandragovic09srb]

@@Langharig_Tuig ALL RELIGIONS ARE STORIES. Racing Turtle and Rabbit didn't exist, nor did the 12 apostoles who watched the race or the prophet who gave them some water at the end. It's a STORY. THE ONLY STORY EVER, EVER TOLD - Us & what we call the Sun/Vodin/Horus/Lucifer/Jesus/... God is what's missing - the first night reminds right away what you can't live without ;)

[@Outdoors49Man]

I had already noted and appreciated your pronunciation of the 'wh' sound before you mentioned it. I am a native Californian, but I lived in Texas grades 1 through 10. They drummed into us that 'wh' was to be pronounced distinctly. Beyond that, I'm finding your videos engaging and informative. Thank you.

[@marilynmitchell2712]

I learned the "hw" in Oregon. It was quite emphasized.

[@BitStClair]

Thank you as always sir! May the gods continue to smile on you.

[@dusandragovic09srb]

I think you all already are ;)

[@juliaconnell]

I've always been interested in this topic - thank you Dr Crawford for explaining it in such a clear, concise and interesting way - as usual.

[@KJayPlays]

Thank you for this. I wonder if it’s starting to smell like spring in the mountains, or whether the snow still holds on tight in the peaks. The scent of spring has finally come to Denmark. I hope it finds you soon as well.

[@Virginia-er9si]

Thanks Dr. Crawford, such an interesting talk. Colorado leaves speechless, watch it from Europe even more.

[@Apadiel117]

I was just watching this on my phone while eating breakfast and right when I was done and picked up the phone to put away the food, your camera fell. Looked like my picking up the phone caused your camera to fall lol

[@marinaandrosova5707]

Fascinating accent! I’ve been studying and teaching the English language and its history for nearly 20 years, read about this kind of accent, but never heard it in real life! The video itself is great as well, huge thanks.

[@henner645]

Great Content as always. As a German I am also interested in the myths and sagas of ancient Germany. I would love to hear more about that, did you make videos about this topic already? E.g. you said that there was no other written record other than the eddas. What about the „Niebelkungenlied“? Thanks again.

[@prince-solomon]

"E.g. you said that there was no other written record other than the eddas." --> that's not what he said, he said 98% of the preserved written records are in old norse. 0:57 The Nibelungenlied (in its various forms) would be part of the 2 %.

[@sweynskarilsen9105]

I want to live where you do, the landscape is awesome.

[@nickverbree]

FY camera drop! In all seriousness though, your videos are the best thing in KZbin.

[@jameslong4929]

Thank you for the accurate and respectful answer to this question. 👍

[@Lauren_MUFC16]

Wow, thanks for this. I will definitely be saying it the correct way now, “Othin” and not Odin. I love these videos, they are such a big help in my journey to understand the Norse history, and embrace my ancestry.

[@faravid1045]

Really beautiful suroundings you have there. i could feel like home there. Greetings from Sweden.

[@aubreyreed5046]

Thanks for your teachings and unbiased lessons. This is my second video I watched and already subbed.

[@The_Gallowglass]

Hwat I want to look at...hwich is hwat! :D I remember when I was learning about the runes as a kid and I'd tell people from Scandinavia their old-Norse pronunciation and they didn't know what I was talking about.

[@sagarunas]

Que precioso, papi rico

[@cuckoo61]

Diablos señorita :v

[@李文森]

😂😂😂

[@venm5887]

Dr. Crawford, thank you for the time you have devoted to your videos, we appreciate your knowledge. I want you to know they are very helpful as I am taking courses on Norse Sagas and Mythology, you have provided me with so much more knowledge of the subject.

[@unlivablesquire]

Thank you so much for adding your voice to the dearth of information about this nearly fully lost culture. Your videos are wonderful to watch.

[@karenl6908]

The word "like" is often used as a shortened form of the words, "spoke like", "thought like", and/or "acted like". Example: "She was (speaking) like, 'I know everything there is to know,' so I was (thinking) like, 'Why would you assume you know everything about wood?'"

[@TheRealThaenatos]

Yet another AWESOME video! Love seeing the comparisons of Germanic dialects and the evolution of the religion/mythology.

[@guyh.4553]

Educational as always Doc! Oops! That can hurt your phone.

[@nathansmith6098]

Sir Thank you! Love ya work mate. Keep it up and I hope the Headache's stay away.

[@odin4043]

Eskerrik asko Crawford jauna. I have a sense of delay on my finding of your priceless contribution to the understanding of norse mythology, but still happy about it.

[@tenzin682]

Professor Crawford, always a pleasure watching your videos, and learning about my heritage. Thanks again.

[@georgederuiter1412]

German word for anger - Wut- derives from the old version of Wotan/Woutan

[@michaelbell3952]

We have Woode in english it mean anger or madness

[@trent6319]

@@michaelbell3952 Do we? Ive never heard of it and couldn't find it online. Is it an archaic from. Where about have you heard it?(I presume your a dead byzantine emperor from Dardania based on the photo but I may be wrong)

[@EdMcF1]

I've been keeping an eye out for this video.

[@mnemonyss]

Lol "... just so you folks can see this is a real place.." I adore you! Thank you!

[@a..c..2469]

I grew up in the hills of WV and I remember we wasn't allowed to use the word like in any English class, it was frowned upon

[@alexanderhuber9474]

Great video. Do you know the old bavarian Wessobrunner Schöpfungsgedicht and its similarities to the beginning of the Vǫluspá? It would be interesting to hear your thoughts on that poem.

[@TacticalSquirrel]

The W in Wotan sounds like a V in victor.

[@helo155]

Glad you left the drop in haha. Thanks for all these videos Dr Jackson, also bought your book on The Poetic Edda and it was awesome :)

[@vorthora]

Great video as always! Sorry I haven't been around lately. Too much going on..... I have a question you may or not be able to answer, since it relates to Visigothic and its influence to modern European Spanish: words such as Guerra (War), last names such as Guzmán (which came from the Visigothic version (I guess, but I'm not a Spanish philologist, but a specialist in English) of Good Person (man as in mankind; etc.., Gaut, which I think I heard was the word Goths used for Odin and has led to the English word "god" (this was by hearsay)... any ideas on how Visigothic influenced Spanish and where to check rules for sound changes? There are tons of Spanish names that are Germanic in origin: Rodrigo (Roderick), the last name originating from the former: Rodríguez (son of Rodrigo), Fernando (Ferdinand) Alonso, Alfonso, Gutiérrez.... Even my 2nd last name (here everyone has 2) is of Germanic origin: Reimonde < *Rik-mund).....

[@conradwood6700]

My mother ( 1920-2017) to the end of her life pronounced the letter ' h' in the Yorkshire place name ' Whitby'. She had spent her girlhood there up to about 1934. She married a man from Hull where we certainly would not have pronounced Whitby with an 'h'. In fact my mother was subject to a bit of ribbing for pronouncing the word that way; Hull people sometimes thought she was putting on airs, trying to sound posh. I suspect that even today Whitby natives keep the h in their pronunciation?

[@blasphemy133]

As I'm sure you're aware, the current (or a current) theory about the Sutton Hoo helmet is that it is indeed an Odin (or Woden) mask, of sorts. To what purpose exactly, we can only speculate. But it goes to show that these people/cultures were just as deeply intertwined with the same old gods as their Norse brothers were.

[@serenatargaryen4932]

Amazing thank you for these videos! 6 videos in so far can't wait to learn more

[@PriesterinDesLichts]

In some parts of Austria where we speak Bavarian dialects, we still call Wednesday "Wedi-tag". :) (and "tag" meaning "day" is being pronounced more like "dog") I love my dialect, I taught Middle High German at uni and our dialect we still speak today resembles these earlier stages of the High German language quite a lot. Middle Low German also doesn't seem so far away. I am learning Old High German now. Greetings from Vienna!

[@kavikv.d.hexenholtz3474]

This guy's got to have the strongest "wh-" pronunciation I have ever heard!

[@DNA350ppm]

Dr Crawford, you have such a sense of style. I fully see it is hard for an artist like you to thrive in academia. Art and scienc are in many respects world apart, and the hierarchies can forbid bridges between them. Being a drop-out and convert to simple living myself, I hesitate to become a patreon, but I hope by commenting, liking, subscribing and sharing, I somehow contribute to your alternative lifestyle, never the less. Thanks a lot and all the best whishes. PS I enjoy your wh-sounds. Sounds profound. I myself insist on my traditional dj-sounds in Swedish, like djup, djur, and not to forget: djävul. 🙂

[@DustinMikkelsen]

Sir, every time I watch one of your videos, I learn so much.

[@thefnaffan2]

Watch out for Bigfoot!!!! Great video, look forward to seeing the others.

[@henner645]

your pronounciation of the "wh" is also sported by "the 8-bit guy", another channel I follow. I only noticed because you mentioned it. Very interesting indeed.

[@dw9932]

This is awesome I'm descended from Scandinavian ancestry and I find this great knowledge of mostly of my ancestors culture

[@travisvanderlaan9829]

Thank you for that information trying to track down information about heritage.

[@thetradesman7478]

Another great video Jackson.

[@LeoPlaw]

Question, perhaps I missed a video explaining this, why the change to the crow from the bucking bronco? For the Norse theme, the crow / raven is of course more attune. I was wanting to hear Jackson's thoughts.

[@stellanathaniel3198]

There actually hasn't been a video on it yet, but the raven shows up on all of the videos better due to the shading, and a lot of folks would a) either get it mixed up with another logo with a bucking bronco, or b) not realize the bronco in question had 8 legs (so there was a bit of Norse in that one, as well). The new one pretty much fixes all those issues, and of course Dr. Crawford is a bird enthusiast-- so it's pretty fitting on all fronts. (It -is- a very drengr raven.)

[@LeoPlaw]

@@stellanathaniel3198 cheers. Agreed the eight legs on the horse (Sliepnir) were not very obvious. Question is, which of the ravens is it? Huginn or Muninn? =)

[@stellanathaniel3198]

@@LeoPlaw I'll have to ask, haha. You never know, it may just be a personal friend of Dr. Crawford's. :)

[@LeoPlaw]

@@stellanathaniel3198 if the raven happens to be a personal friend, we might need to start addressing Jackson as High One. ;-)

[@Tina06019]

I will be able to recognize other Dr. Jackson Crawford fans by listening to them say “WHich KZbinr do you listen to? WHat time to you listen?”

[@hschan5976]

Hwæt! We Gardena in geardagum, þeodcyninga, þrym gefrunon, hu ða æþelingas ellen fremedon.

[@sunshinesilverarrow5292]

Thank you 🌻☀️🌻

[@shewearswoolsocks2883]

The drop, awesome, glad you left it in lol!

[@weepingscorpion8739]

Re: Danish Odin: this form would have the stop d since it's a borrowing from either Old Norse or latinised Old Norse. The cognate form would be Oden and this d would be a fricative (or maybe even an approximant).

[@robiniowoodstonewomenwitch5467]

Thank You Jackson ,You Are Always Insightful ~BobCat Of The West High Noon & The Winds They Are A Whistle in the Woodland lol

[@panzrok8701]

Sadly in german we lost our Wotanstag. Instead we have Mittwoch which means middle of the week.

[@nicholasoneal1521]

I dare you to say Wotanstag instead and just see how people react

[@cyrilox737]

Being from part Frisian descent living in the North Netherlands - our history with our Danish neighbors goes back far - as also evident in the saga of Beowulf. In ancient Frisian mythology we actually have the god similar to Odin called Weda or *Wedan - the Allfather, which stems from the old-Frisian word Wœden (*Woedan. ) which now turned into the day Wednesday (Wedansday) or in Dutch "Woensdag" (Woedansdag). - The same is true for "Donderdag" or "Thursday (Thor's day)" Thor < Dorr < Donr < Donar < Thonger. Tonger (Donar) is the modern Frisian word for Thunder to this day (Tongersdei), which in Dutch also translates to Donder. The connections are all very remnant to this day. - I am glad that in the North the Frisian language is still spoken as an official language in the North of the country.

[@beneames5794]

Great video, however I disagree with you on the matter of 'aggressive conversion techniques to Christianity' and the subsequent loss of recorded myths, particularly in the case of my country, England. This was the narrative pushed on me as a young pagan, however as I have grown, studied and my perspectives matured a realisation slowly grew; that the development of the early Christian church owed a very great deal to Germanic culture and its Pagan traditions. As the Roman empire collapsed in the era of the great migrations, the Christianisation of the Germanic peoples went hand in hand with a Germanisation of Christianity. It is fact that the early church activly adopted a policy of absorbing and integrating with these cultures in order to survive, and works such as Beowulf reflect this perfectly with its balancing of Pagan heroic tradition and Old Testament biblical themes. The Christian monks preserved a great deal of Anglo Saxon Pagan poetry and culture which they would surely have been forbidden from doing if the forced and aggressive conversion narrative was correct. So in fact there was no 'clean break with the past' as you tell it, but rather a very slow melding of new religious ideology and past pagan tradition. Anyhow, we will unfortunatly never know the true extent of recorded Anglo Saxon pagan tradition that must surely have been lost in the last one and a half millennia- not the least due to destructive Viking monastic raids!.. but also the dissolution, various wars, the Blitz, accidental loss of manuscripts to fire or theft etc.

[@lughlongarm76]

Ben Eames yes, it’s as though we’ve simply assumed that the lack of records of European paganism is evidence that it was destroyed, when we know for a fact pagans all over Europe were not concerned with recording their practices and beliefs. This duty in fact rested on the shoulders of Christians, who introduced a written tradition to the pagan Irish and Norse, and in many cases undertook it despite having no religious motivation to do so. The Irish tradition of recording stories of Irish saints meeting and interacting with, as well as peacefully converting and baptizing, pagan Irish heroes I think exemplifies the syncretistic attitude of the early Church, as distinct from the purportedly violent clash. It might seem like conquest, but it looks as much or more like assimilation to me.

[@dirckthedork-knight1201]

@@lughlongarm76 Agreed fully

[@00ddub]

I like how you say “aggressive” instead of “murderous”

[@bluesdealer]

Witcher welcome to human history. Death has always been a part of war and conquest. I believe that was implied.

[@lughlongarm76]

It really depends. I believe in the aftermath of Charlemagne, the pagan Saxons were treated pretty poorly, but that was as political as it was religious. There’s indication that Christianity wasn’t nearly as violent as is popularly believed when converting pagans throughout Europe. I believe the only evidence we have of St. Patrick using force in Ireland is the stories about him, and these stories are pretty clearly symbolic in nature and probably don’t reflect actual history, and I’ve read the Celtic scholar Peter Berresford Ellis’s arguments that the druids may have embraced the new religion. I’ve also read there’s a stone found on the Isle of Man with what looks like Jesus on the cross as well as Odin hanging from Yggdrasil, possibly reflecting a tradition that involved both religions in a syncretistic way which acknowledged the parallels between Christ and Odin as sacrificial figures.

[@faithlesshound5621]

@@lughlongarm76 The really aggressive conversion may have come later, with the Reformation and Counter-reformation. The Protestants stamped out the old songs, stories and even names and substituted a cod-Jewish mythology. The old holidays like Christmas and Easter were also suppressed for a time, along with Saints' Days, etc. Christian missionaries are still doing this throughout Africa, Asia and Latin America. This resembles what the Wahabis and other Islamic fundamentalists do wherever they hold sway. Early commentators on Chaucer imply that their readers knew the old stories about Wade, about which little has survived.

[@milliemcgrail8458]

Love your videos! Thank you for all your time and effort.

[@Seyone030]

3:20 in the Netherlands we have dondardag wich comes from dondar/ donar. The druch weurd for thuner is still donder wich again revers to dondar/ Donar.

[@slimytoad1447]

My irish teacher who was australian would always say the WH found in wheel etc ,never heard it since!

[@dominomasked]

Going for that threat-display hair! :)

[@BrendonChase2012]

Thank you for your channel, such excellent content.

[@thelightbeforemeshadowbehi873]

Thank you very much for. your time and effort.

[@leopoldjenkins]

This was very useful and enjoyable. Thank you.

[@hschan5976]

I was lucky to have been gifted a modern Swedish translation of the Edda by a friend in university. My Swedish isnt good so I'm still on my way to finishing the book 6 years on. But If I remembered correctly Snorri stated at the beginning of the book that Odinn himself was descended from some biblical characters, which to me seems like a deliberate effort to circumvent the taboo of spreading pagan myth. Of course another explanation for this would be that by Snorri's time Iceland had profoundly transformed into a Christian community to the extent that people genuinely believed that everything on earth originated from God, including pagan myths.

[@marilynmitchell2712]

I was taught the "hw" pronunciation of who, etc. in the 1960s.

[@andytuesday500]

Just subbed thank you 🙏 for keeping this knowledge alive

[@Vatt-Ghern]

I am still not convinced you aren't standing in-front of a green screen.

[@Vatt-Ghern]

@Diogenes TheDog I was being sarcastic.

[@GH-cy6fh]

That is the rockies!

[@Vikingjack1]

Awesome video

[@TheWolfgangGrimmer]

Well, look who it is. Also, wow, video purge.

[@Vikingjack1]

@@TheWolfgangGrimmer Hello, didn't purge my videos just moved them over to my American Heathen account.

[@TheWolfgangGrimmer]

@@Vikingjack1 Wow. I never even knew that was a thing until just now.

[@Amy_the_Lizard]

I'm a fantasy writer, and the whole 'clean break from the past' thing is the SOLE REASON why I keep borrowing Norse influences for ALL my elves - including the ones that are in regions meant to be more analogous to Germanic or Western Germanic - rather than just the ones in the areas actually analogous to Scandinavia. The elves in my setting tend to cling very tightly to their beliefs and ways of doing things, so it stands to reason that they'd hold on to their traditions much longer. But since that wasn't the case for actual Germany, about all I can do is go, 'Well, in theory it was probably somewhere between Norse traditions and beliefs, and those of the Germanic tribes in the Roman era...' then awkwardly try to piece something together based on both of those, and some elf-specific cultural values that I made up because it's fantasy, not historical fiction so I can do that. Then I sit there and hope my beta readers don't just assume ALL my elves are supposed to be weird pretty boy Vikings or something...

[@Blue138UEF]

Well in Sweden we write Oden and Tor and Frej, Freja, Tyr, Balder, Loke, Hel, Njord

[@BlackHermit]

Thank you for another excellent video.

[@arejayheix]

Is there any evidence attested in Latin by Caesar et. al. , which may illuminate any late Iron Age or Roman period beliefs or practices of the German peoples? For example, Caesar said the Gauls chiefly worshiped Mars. We know they worshiped their own gods that did not have Latin names, but this description is of whom is most akin to theirs. So knowing as much (relatively) as we do about Germanic beliefs, can similar things be extrapolated? Also, side note, Gauls and Britons worshiped Nodens, is this cognate with Woden Oden etc?

[@Irontalon1]

Tack snälla du

[@kevinhansson2177]

imagine your about 50 years old. For the entire time of your life, you and everyone has ben telling the great tales of *Wodhanaz, looking up to him, looking down on him. Praying to him, cussed at him. Loved him & hated him... and then you hear some young teenager talking with his friends about some odhinn...

[@kevinhansson2177]

@@magnusjonsson7714 jag antar att du inte riktigt förstod min kommentar, jag hoppas att du fattar att det var ett skämt. Jag antar också att du är svensk bara för att...

[@jarrettraymond7765]

My favorite old norse guy

[@kitharoidos1089]

Linguistic question: Is the “az” ending of the proto-Germanic “Wodanaz” related to the name endings of “Trajanus” or “Homeros” in Latin and Greek?

[@hazajc10]

I don't have any qualifications so you may want to take whatever I say with a pinch of salt but I'm pretty sure the answer is yes, and I believe those endings are all common masculine nominative case endings in those languages. -ος remains in Greek to this day.

[@tylerreed610]

You look like you teach archeology part time, and are really skilled with a whip

[@jackscalpel8447]

If anyone wants a good read and into similar stuff check out Jacob Grimm's Teutonic Mythology. It's very, very detailed but very awesome as well.

[@jackscalpel8447]

Teutonic mythology isn't Grimm fairy tales. It's a overview of German, norse, Britannic lore. It also shows similarities between other mythologies of Indo-European cultures. All the Indo-European myths are basically related in content and meaning.

[@erickruger6604]

Great explanation!

[@IVNVKNG]

You're a genius

[@magnusarvid4161]

In Danish many words have d's that are actually pronounced "softly", almost independent of dialect. It sort of sounds like eth with even less air, or like the d in "enchilada" as pronounced in Mexican Spanish. Words like "sød" (sweet), "møde" (meeting), "lovede" (promised). The city of Odense (Óðinns vé) actually still has that soft d sound, even though Odin is pronounced more or less like in English.

[@DVX_BELLORVM]

7:16 I'm not a medievalist, but I remember reading in Einhard's Life of Charlemagne that Charlemagne enjoyed hearing the old Germanic sagas recited and ordered them to be written down. Apparently, his son and successor, Louis the Pious, didn't share his enthusiasm for the heathen stories. It's a real shame that none of these manuscripts have survived.

[@MrRabiddogg]

I'm somewhat surprised there isn't a V variation of Woden/Odin given the etymological shift that happens there (Water = Voda) Perhaps a Slavic God equivalent?

[@house88874]

Who are those people disliking this!?!?!? Just go away If you don't like it.

[@raymeester7883]

That's not how the internet works.

[@hanibani4908]

Very interesting. Old Slavic god of waters, lakes, seas.. name is Voden. For example water is voda in Serbian language.

[@tommierhodes1719]

interesting, because the velar fricative before the bilabial glide in Dr Crawford's dialect/idiolect is not so harsh when he's speaking unselfconsciously. he does over-emphasize it a bit when he's describing it for clarity's sake. in my dialect/idiolect, i also grew up with grandparents [as noted before, rather like him; also to note, my grandparent generation would be his greatgrandparent generation...]. and so i speak a fairly conservative dialect in that sense also. one is that the velar fricative in my idiolect is not completely gone. it comes and goes from the standard drop to the "h" sound of english [velar glide?] rather than the chi sound of scots or greek. moreover it was interesting to me that when i studied modern demotic greek, the greeks note that even tho we think there is no sound in front of the initial "w", we actually have a very slightly voiced velar fricative or glide. in the Franks>French dialects, this slight voiced gamma-glide sound develops from "Willem">"Guillaume", or "ward">"guard", etc. i should also like to note that my rather conservative 19thC american speech pattern means that when traveling, people dont immediately tag me as "an American!", which i have come to so appreciate with the 1950's 'ugly American' image having become even more monstrously ugly now in the early 21stC.

[@hackingcivilization500]

I love your stuff... Can you record louder please? I have to turn everything to 100 for it to sound "normal"

[@tenzin682]

My father says some words differently than my siblings and I do. My grandmother was from Canada, my grandfather, Northern NY, up near the 1000 islands. He says warsh instead of wash (your hands, butt, whatever), gooms instead of gums, padada instead potato.

[@spacecanuk8316]

Ya, in modern danish a d between vowels is usually pronounced closely to a ‘th’ or ‘lth’ sound. However it’s really hard to properly convey through text. Danish is special that way...

[@GriffinParke]

Interesting you can still hear w- pronounced hw- SW England, although as elsewhere it is dying out.