You are extremely observant and perfectly fair in your analysis, you are respectful and very professional at the same time. You are very interesting and Loren is so touching and beautiful. Hi from France.
@jessicasopranonotes2 жыл бұрын
Bonjour! Thank you for such kind words. That means the world!
@RustySax19492 жыл бұрын
@@jessicasopranonotes - Absolutely LOVE your fangirling during Loren's performance, it adds a real touch of warmth, appreciation, and understanding to your comments and analysis. Well done. BTW, did you know Loren's a graduate of the Berklee College of Music in Boston? This particular video is blowing up all over KZbin, with probably a dozen reactors reacting to it, very few of which are actual vocal coaches, most are just trying to build their channels. But you, Jennifer G, Beth R and Elizabeth are the ones I watch if I really want to know and understand what these singers are doing "instrumentally," if you will. So thank you for sharing your knowledge and expertise! (On a side note - wouldn't it be an apoplectic-inducing duet putting Loren and Morgan James together on a number? Ooooo. . . be still, my heart! )
@jonsonjavier74652 жыл бұрын
Please react to Loren Allred version of Araw Gabi...she took the song to the next level
@steveeverett17362 жыл бұрын
@@RustySax1949 I was going to include Morissette Amon, but I think Lauren with Morgan is the better pairing
@karenremetis33972 жыл бұрын
Ditto. Exactly from Aotearoa New Zealand
@DanyelDiniz2 жыл бұрын
Sometimes a cover sounds even better than the original, BUT no one sings this song better than her! She deserves every single ounce of success in her present and future!
@sarasweightlossjourney14329 ай бұрын
Morissette Amon cover is tied in my opinion
@VictorHernandezVH16 ай бұрын
@@DanyelDiniz Pasek & Paul had Loren record reference tracks for every female lead even before there was a workshop ensemble.
@meltambura22532 жыл бұрын
Loren Allred is PERFECTION! Love her! And can I just say this reaction is very intelligent and professional? It's like being in a voice class. As a voice teacher myself, I enjoyed this reaction as much as I did Loren's performance. Fantastic!!!
@brianfeagins34292 жыл бұрын
I have never, ever, ever enjoyed so very much watching someone who so very clearly knows what they are talking about critique another singer. . . . .THANK YOU!!!
@evenstar16082 жыл бұрын
You should be a judge in a contest. You are so good in your analysis.
@sharonracine96072 жыл бұрын
The nerves make it more endearing she is a goddess
@VictorHernandezVH18 ай бұрын
Loren said the night before the show she was so anxious she went for a walk. For over 20,000 steps.
@robinmead58262 жыл бұрын
Your breakdown is so professional. As an Opera Singer, you must realize, your voice thrills people like this too.
@stado9891 Жыл бұрын
Omg that was amazing, she sang with soul And your explanation everything.
@JohnReilly-b9d6 ай бұрын
She needs to see the performance on AGT. Simply incredible
@amonra37252 жыл бұрын
thank you for this analysis. I'm no trained singer but it was SO interesting to me that the very same things I noticed but could not put into words.....you did and explained it technically. Like that hint of nerves in the beginning. I thought she was close to tears - and who wouldn't be - to get this chance - sure she did a beautiful rendition for the movie, but this is one take in front of a huge audience - I was so happy she pulled it off. Her vocals literally gave me chills...I can well imagine how powerful this would have been in person! I think she earned that golden buzzer and anyone who says otherwise is sour grapes. I loved your reactions! Its how I felt too :)
@arturoborski59092 жыл бұрын
I as a retired Photographer with a lot of Musical Background, I made a comment on another site about the editing of this video... ... One word to describe whoever compiled this video.......... Amateur... Loren Allred Number ONE all the way. Plenty other good and great singers have attempted this song. I am fed-up with the comparisons. Each to their own interpretation, BUT, Loren is the first and the best at showing the meaning of the song with the feeling it deserves, as Loren deserves to be recognised as the owner of this song... Fabulous... XOXO ... :)
@VictorHernandezVH18 ай бұрын
BGT and AGT are two of the best produced shows available. These shows are not about capturing the performance, they’re about how to share the experience with the viewer.
@danielkennedy82962 жыл бұрын
Loran Allred is outstanding, a speechless demention of a singer! Your observations are spot on too!!! Thank you for your delivery and sharing. She sang a few more too!
@CarloRodriguez102 жыл бұрын
Your analysis are perfect (just like you), no overreacting, no pretending to be something you’re not (which I saw a lot of you-tubers doing)… that’s why I subscribed to you from the beginning. Thank you for always being so professional, real and honest. Much love and respect from Canada 🇨🇦
@eveline58582 жыл бұрын
@Carlo Rodriguez Wow what a lovely comment ! respect from France
@CarloRodriguez102 жыл бұрын
@@eveline5858 what a lovely country 🇫🇷 appreciate your kind words
@ghostlover9512 жыл бұрын
Wow, I have never heard anyone break down a song n vocals the way you just need. I learned so much from you; you have a special eye and ear to observe such small details.. truly amazing 👏
@donahunt8327 ай бұрын
YES! i only sing in the car (wish i could sing better) but to hear a professional explain why her singing is SO transcendent, so addictive was very satisfying...i LOVED watching other singers react to loren the way i feel 🥰
@cherineberg96502 жыл бұрын
She is a beautiful singer, what a voice! She is my favorite now. I have listened to this at least 20 times. Just awesome.
@staceytwiddle12452 жыл бұрын
I have watch many reactions to Lauren performance, this is the BEST. I will be watching this reaction again. Wonderful, amazing and ingormative. Love it. You just made a new fan. Thank you for making my evening. From Jamaica to the world.
@milo555100 Жыл бұрын
Your facial expressions and commentary only ad to my appreciation of this performance. I feel ya. Well done. Thank you for your content.
@VictorHernandezVH110 ай бұрын
Jess, thank you for validating my opinion that this is a World Class performance.
@jamese24142 жыл бұрын
Your evaluation was spot on and you are very observant. Honestly Loren did such a fantastic job in this performance that I didn’t really connect her nerves. I gave watched the video so many times and every time I watch it I get emotional! Loren is amazing!!
@tackdaniel99782 жыл бұрын
Hi. So appreciative of your analysis and connection to each of the singers and their craft/professionalism. I love your breakdown of each approach, your affection for and commitment to singing. I loved your Voctave review, esp the long held note by Kate, and your pictogram of the throat anatomy (related to the note and mouth formation)in this Loren review. Am learning a ton from you. Thanks so much, you make watching and learning fun.
@jessicasopranonotes2 жыл бұрын
So good to hear! Thank you for commenting, and have a great day!
@robertofanjul5155 Жыл бұрын
I am crying and falling in love with this kid.
@skmarrama2 жыл бұрын
I loved your professional analysis picking up on things we appreciate but would never notice. It’s Simon’s reaction that I noticed too. He spent the beginning of the performance paying attention to her range probably listening to certain qualities in her voice. Once he was satisfied he sat back and allowed himself to enjoy the performance.
@tunemaking11 ай бұрын
Excellent review…thank you for this! I am a man who likes all things that men typically like. When I heard this song in the movie (which my kids dragged me to) I melted at how beautiful her voice was! I am not a trained musician but I certainly have an ear for something tonally beautiful and she has that! I hope she goes on to meet her hopes and dreams and I believ she will. I just hope that the success and hardships that many times comes with success don’t taint her wonderful soul and disposition. By the way, you have stunning eyes and a beautiful smile yourself!
@donahunt8327 ай бұрын
YES! even though i've watched her sing this song a million times in the past 2weeks, i STILL have a hard time deciding whether to close my eyes and simply be immersed in her voice and the orchestration or actually WATCH her emotion, her sublime beauty and how WELL she dresses, how magnificently her clothes drape her perfect form...she is ABSOLUTELY THE complete package 💕. Im not professionally trained either but i feel it in my chest when she hits those notes spot on, im breathing every breath with her when she manages to belt in her upper range at the end of a breath...what a triumph 👏
@Omonohoshi2 жыл бұрын
Awesome analysis. I Knew when I First heard the song, I said to myself..."She is HOLDING back from using her FULL Vocal vocabulary". AND every performance I watched of her sing this song, I waited. BUT nothing, until THIS her performance for HERSELF did she finally open and I Heard what I wanted to hear. Thank You! The first vocal analysis that I have seen for this awesome performance and gold buzzer worthy.
@johndavidson522811 ай бұрын
Absolutely loved Lauren's performance and you on spot reaction.
@sharonracine96072 жыл бұрын
She is amazing and you just the way you express your awe of her is so justified and true she is awesome
@MrDalebenberger Жыл бұрын
Jess, you are such a beautiful woman, it is very lovely to spend the time with you. I appreciate your expertise and I can see your deep appreciation for the talent of the singers you react to. This is my favourite reaction of yours, and this is my favourite performance by any artist ever. It’s difficult to comprehend Loren’s power on the highest notes, and just when she has surpassed the height of anyone else who has ever performed this song, she keeps pushing to a height that is beyond imagination. Your reaction did justice to this extraordinary feat of vocal magic. Thank you Jess.
@danhall52012 жыл бұрын
Out of All the Gorgeous music in Showman.. this song has been my Favorite. So emotional on the big screen, and now.. WOW.
@VictorHernandezVH18 ай бұрын
Pasek and Paul (the songwriters) are brilliant. Search KZbin for “This Is Me Workshop.” It’s a video of them trying to get the film greenlit. AND you’ll see Loren in the ensemble.
@johnhodgson53132 жыл бұрын
This is my first time seeing your analyses, and I learned from it. You are very good. One thing that I noted was what could be called a positive feedback loop that isn't in the movie because it wasn't recorded in front of a live audience (I don't think). When she started the song there was a positive feeling from the audience and as she started to wind up the audience started to get quite demonstrative in their appreciation for her performance. Loren Allred felt that, and started to put extra energy into the performance which got the audience and judges excited which got her excited and this built for the rest of the performance. When she reached for the higher notes and then changed keys and went even higher I had to agree with Simon's "WOW". I saw the Foster video, despite how great it is, I felt this performance had a little more raw emotion.
@goodenergi2 жыл бұрын
One of my favorite songs!
@strat1080 Жыл бұрын
I think she was just emotional being able to finally put her face to the song more than nerves.
@timostransky4682 жыл бұрын
Loren is so likable ! I’ve watched many reaction videos of singers ! You know so much more shared things I never even saw so good on you too.
@ensignwoo2 жыл бұрын
Love your analysis! Funny too! :-) Loren is a jem! "Funny, odd and bit surprise" so many didn't know she was the actual singer for "Never Enough"... maybe I love that song so much that I already knew Loren sung it and also saw some of her performance including David Foster's. Cheers!
@saadounalbaghdady66743 ай бұрын
I loved your analysis of this beautiful song. You are truly wonderful and deserve appreciation and respect 🌹🧡💚❤
@jisraelgreene2 жыл бұрын
Great analysis and commentary. I love seeing how much you are enjoying it with us.
@jessicasopranonotes2 жыл бұрын
Glad you enjoy it!
@henkbielderman42432 жыл бұрын
I was speaking with a friend and mentioned that I had commented on one of your reaction videos. (LP covering Halo) This is the second reaction video of yours I have watched and if I may be so bold as to make my comment about you. First, your explanation and analysis is so clear as to make sense to a layman such as myself what the artist is trying to do. Bravo! Secondly, it is your beauty and honesty which is so apparent in your videos. You are so generous in your praise that it reflects so beautifully on you. Thank you! P.S. I have just read through some of the comment to your video and it would seem that I am not alone in thinking your reaction video is just beautiful.
@evanneilsen96412 жыл бұрын
I also characterized her release of air at the end of phrases as a glottal stop. Amazing---so beautiful and interesting. Thanks for your analysis.
@gmjpharis2 жыл бұрын
I am obsessed with this song and thought I might be losing perspective. So glad I found your channel. Loren's performance is mesmerizing. As to the film version of Never Enough, I read that Rebecca was actually singing the song during filming and Loren sang the song to match her. I loved watching your reactions and analysis of Loren's techniques. Bravo! I have subscribed. Looking forward to learning more you 😀
@donahunt8327 ай бұрын
Yep i dont think you can effectively lip sync without actually SINGING the song, even if your voice isn't the best...it was tremendously kind and humble of the actress who played jenny to allow ms allred to garner the attention she truly deserves...kudos 👏
@yvonnegill13822 жыл бұрын
I’m not sure how many times I’ve listened to her performance. Bravo!❤
@tjbiker4910 ай бұрын
Thank You . . Thank You for such a wonderful and high-energy critique. It was Fun watching your reactions and listening to how you articulated your comments. :)
@ChairYogaForTheAgeless2 жыл бұрын
Thanks so much for your analysis. I have watched that performance at least 10 times so far.
loren is the best singer that i know of very very well done loren i love u
@janetwashington50902 жыл бұрын
I absolutely love your analysis of the beautiful performance; and I'm wrapped up in your reaction to Loren's voice. I feel the same way, enthralled would fit my feelings best. I differ with you on only one point. I don't recognize any nervousness at all; at the beginning, nor inside the performance. I believe she performed the song exactly the way she wanted. Loren's so called nervousness at the beginning was to draw her audience in to a kind of intimacy with her. And as far as I could see & hear, she accomplished that effect magnificently. Just take a look at David's face. It's as if Loren whispered in his ear with her beautiful presence. David as much as said it, "she had me with her first note'. She had us all, with her first note. Then she proceeded to take us on the most incredible journey through the rest of her song. This was the best performance of all performances of this song; even those done by other singers, and her other performance with David Foster. That's the way I see it, anyway. She has magnificent control over every aspect of her voice. She's come through a lot to get to where she is. Loren Allred deserves all the blessings she could gather. It certainly is her time to shine, and shine she does!
@chanwahmok98322 жыл бұрын
Well said...
@stephenwiley1172 жыл бұрын
I totally agree with you Janet.
@Rosannasfriend2 жыл бұрын
Disagree with both of you. I don’t think she was nervous, or at least not that much. But I believe she was very emotional finally getting her chance to really make it as the singer who sang this song.
@donahunt8327 ай бұрын
Thanks for the alternate interpretation but justifiable nervousness was my 1st and persistent impression as well...there was another place when it seemed that emotions or nerves momentarily crept in, but i think it's a credit to your training and innate talent when you can recover nearly imperceptibly 😊
@brianzemach13402 жыл бұрын
From someone who can barely sing 'Three Blind Mice': Thank you for your insightful, technical, and emotional explanation what was going on with Ms. Allred's voice and soul which caused me to love this presentation so much. You were able to translate extremely complex vocal mechanics and abilities into vernacular which were spot on. Your experience in Opera (arguably the most complex and demanding singing format) are apparent. Thank you, too, for giving me words to explain what I viscerally admired during the song, from the breathy upscale releases at the end of notes to gliding glissando transitions between one note and the next. Breathless!
@donahunt8327 ай бұрын
WOW 😳extremely well put...i couldn't agree more!
@samalston8193 Жыл бұрын
Your analysis is well put into layman's terms especially considering the camera angles you/we were given. Very intelligent synopsis of Loren's vocals and for the record, you, young lady, are quite an attractive woman. It's not just the looks but the brains that make you the total package. You made this 70 yr old man smile often and I will continue to follow your analysis of singers in the future. Thank you.
@richardpittman5291 Жыл бұрын
I just found her last night. I did not know anything ab her until then. For me I seen her on agt. Absolutely Amazing! The world needs to hear more of her!
@VictorHernandezVH18 ай бұрын
Loren has said when she opened her eyes at the end of the song to see everyone on their feet, including the judges, it was a turning point in her life🎶❤️
@janp99602 жыл бұрын
Jess, WELL DONE!!! I was equally touched by YOUR soulful, loving analysis as Loren's performance. Thank you for sharing your gift.
@jamesparker68762 жыл бұрын
It is so nice to see you, one who knows the art, tell us how good Loren is. I can't carry a tune in a bucket, but I can hear when it is right. I am so happy that someone of your caliber thinks Loren is good too.
@tom74712 жыл бұрын
Wonderfully insightful reaction! Thanks for that. Loren is simply amazing!
@jessicasopranonotes2 жыл бұрын
Thank you Tom and I agree, she's amazing!
@dougk79652 жыл бұрын
I just love your reactions and really appreciate your explanations. It is enjoyable to watch your videos.
@jessicasopranonotes2 жыл бұрын
Thank you Doug 😊
@aprilhevener32962 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the analysis. I just love her voice.
@JasonElder8886 ай бұрын
Could you please do an analysis of Loren Allred singing her new version of this song an AGT? It was simply unreal!
@sharonracine96072 жыл бұрын
I'm so in love with her
@spritelybird Жыл бұрын
I only really heard all of this only this month! I had a crazy summer but I can say she is one of my new favorite singers. She's so good beautiful as a model and humble and sweet. She lives that song. CHILLS!
@jamesprescott74962 жыл бұрын
It was so interesting to hear a professional such as yourself give such an honest, educated and insightful review of her Ms. Allred’s song. I never was good enough to reach a high level in singing and after my heart attack I completely lost my voice. However, I still have piano and guitar which have given me much pleasure as I enter the latter part of my life. To hear you explain and point out certain things that through my training many years ago I am still able to hear, reinforced in me that although I may not be able to sing any more (rather I would not impose the pain on any truly talented musical people) my musical ear is still intact and more importantly my musical heart still beats. You are very likable and honest. I still get goosebumps when I hear something really good. She gave me goosebumps despite the nerves and very subtle flaws.
@rolanobando29632 жыл бұрын
Let me just say a few things: 1) 1st Time ever seeing any of your videos, I am now a big fan of yours! 2) Love the way You do the reviews, and break It down to perfection, making everything so Easy to understand. 3) I just love Loren Allred, hope she gets her big break very soon! She Is a Star already... In my eyes! THANK You.... I Will continue to follow You, from now on.
@francisgauci702 жыл бұрын
LORAN darling I never tire hearing your voice, I love sincerely 💋💕🌺
@jonathanmanuel43962 жыл бұрын
Loren allred has a distinctive voice in both hi and low notes. And your so technical and detailed in your analysis but considerate enough not to talk over a performer's voice in play like too many thoughtless reactors do. I appreciate that about you jess not to mention the fact that you and loren share the same hairstyle like thers a message to it.
@andrewmccormack42952 жыл бұрын
Great reaction,very informative throughout.I'm not a singer,couldn't tell at all that she was nervous in the song.I love this song and am so glad that she has got the recognition that she deserves.
@Flamewheel372 жыл бұрын
Yes! Please do a performance analysis of Loren’s other performance!
@JoeBloggs-su8pz2 жыл бұрын
Agreed absolutely yes please
@lindawarden-burglund96032 жыл бұрын
You and Peter Barber are two of the best reactors and analysts of music videos on KZbin! You are inciteful and knowledgeable and respectful of talent. I learn something every time I watch you! Please treat yourself and watch "The Greatest Showman". I think you'll love it!
@fredricgrethel17172 жыл бұрын
Thank you. You are a beautiful soul.
@ggof_il2098 Жыл бұрын
All i see is PERFECTION ❤
@luisjaviervalderrama613710 ай бұрын
Excelente, espectacular,, qué voz, qué interpretación, qué belleza, qué hermosura, DIVINA,,me puso la piel de gallina.! 👏👍😘🙏❤️
@johnwakefield93782 жыл бұрын
Great reaction. I only knew I loved this performance and you helped explain what aspects of it are that I enjoy so much. Thanks for the great analysis and reaction
@davyjulius999811 ай бұрын
Love this analysis. Thank you!
@Stryyder19 ай бұрын
Great work loved that you let it play through the golden ticket moment.
@lesliedaubert14115 ай бұрын
You should watch the American Gots Talent version she does. It's even better. She's even stronger in front of the camera. More powerful.
@benjaminefabian97069 ай бұрын
Please make an analysis of her never enough at agt.please.
@howieghana16482 жыл бұрын
Love your judging and yout enthusiasm! It's so kind positiv and you open my "eyes" for her abilities. You are a really nice person!!
@charlotteharden91622 жыл бұрын
What a lovely approach you have. Delightful to watch.
@strawberryrhubarbtarot2 жыл бұрын
YES, PLEASE DO AN ANALYSIS OF THE DAVID FOSTER PERFORMANCE.. I THOUGHT SHE SURPASSED HERSELF! I CAN'T WAIT TO HEAR MORE FROM LOREN ALLRED IN THE FUTURE! (A fan from Canada 🇨🇦)
@benjaminefabian97068 ай бұрын
Please make an analysis on loren allred never enough at agt.. pls pls pls..
@estebanarce34462 жыл бұрын
Wow, tears and tears… it’s all I can say! 👏🏼👏🏼🙌🏼🙌🏼❤️❤️ And yes, I watch this reactions again… I missed you, Jess!
@ndnmdm92902 жыл бұрын
One of the best analysis on yt. You're a perfectionist in person I can tell
@ChairYogaForTheAgeless2 жыл бұрын
not just hitting the high notes, but the transition to them was mind blowing.
@hyuka_ningningforever2 жыл бұрын
her slip into the mixed voice is angelic
@rickcoupez50532 жыл бұрын
Love your energy and your expert analysis!
@ajjdude2 жыл бұрын
OMG yes please react to the David Foster concert!! Loren is absolutely perfect in that performance!
@etothej2 жыл бұрын
LOVED your reaction video! How it is that Loren did not even make the top 3 is beyond me.
@anethers7545 Жыл бұрын
The viewers didn’t believe it wasn’t a set up, I personally thought Simons reactions showed he was genuinely amazed by her
@donahunt8327 ай бұрын
REALLY 🤔
@dennislato63512 жыл бұрын
Very descriptive analysis, Thank-you for the credit due
@garybekhor7707 Жыл бұрын
Fabulous analysis April. 🎉
@anthonyyf2 жыл бұрын
I just recently started watching your videos and I LOVE them and the amount of depth you go into the explanations. I know you’ve reacted to LP in the past but if you haven’t seen her live studio performance of Lost on You I would love to see your reaction to that, keep doing you!
@sellmav Жыл бұрын
Girl you give such pure love and light vibes. ❤
@myrnariley77552 жыл бұрын
I really, really enjoy listening to your analysis. You really know your stuff. You're clearly a professional musician/singer.
@jmp69432 жыл бұрын
This was a GREAT reaction/analysis video. Thank you!
@WilliamFluery2 жыл бұрын
I so enjoyed watching your reactions as much as I did watching Loren sing. Absolutely beautiful…
@Djihad_holmes3 ай бұрын
best voice analysis ever thank you ❤❤
@kavitaharrinam47302 жыл бұрын
Loren!Loren! WOW!😍😍😍🙄👌❤❤❤❤❤❤❤You!
@trentont52592 жыл бұрын
I would love to see you review her other performance!
@bertrandfouilhaux53922 жыл бұрын
i really love your approach and the technich you are feeling, i really have the same feeling and it's a trully pleasure to listen to it. love !
@frederickseltzerjr21702 жыл бұрын
I love how you were able to explain this to me in a way that was easy to comprehend and I think you are absolutely beautiful as well! Keep up the good work and may God bless you with all the joy & happiness He can provide for you! xoxo
@CK_Japan_2 жыл бұрын
Hello from Japan. Thanks for your commentary. I have been listening to her songs for the past few days and could not stop crying. It came straight into my life. This way of her life was something she made me aware of through her singing voice. It felt like a harbinger of change that will change my life in the years to come, something as drastic as the steps she took. I sincerely hope that many people will open themselves up in this way. Thank you.
@andrewhaydon2 жыл бұрын
So desu ne
@eveline58582 жыл бұрын
Hi Jess wow what a great reaction! and what a great video! I appreciated your explanations and I felt all your emotion and that of Loren, thank you very much it was very interesting. Friendships from France 😉
@jessicasopranonotes2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for your kind words Eveline 💛
@peggyrogers70122 жыл бұрын
Wow, I loved your truly on point analysis and the way you truly, generously celebrated this performance. Great video. Thanks for sharing your rich vocal knowledge with us.
@speedwakemobile2 жыл бұрын
thank you so much for your analysis it was awesome
@LeRoyNewman-x9m6 ай бұрын
If you liked this one you should try [Loren Allred STUNS with Simon's favorite, “Never Enough” | AGT: Fantasy League 2024] she sung a different version of the song she steps the song up and tests he vocal range
@CosmicWin2 жыл бұрын
The "uh" sound is a release of chest voice in a mixed belt. She's a mix belter, so when you stop a mixed phrase, the first thing that leaves is chest, leaving the head voice to float for like 0.5 seconds more. It sounds like a cry at the end of the phrase
@donahunt8327 ай бұрын
Hmmmm interesting 🤔
@janelleblight682 жыл бұрын
I came across your clip by accident. But I certainly wasn't disappointed, it was nice to hear your comments. My favourite soprano singer is Mirusia who I've seen & met to many times, have you heard her? Love from Oz .