Viruses: Molecular Hijackers

[@marcustreker4689]

As someone who has been in the sciences for 45 years I say ‘thank you’ and rate this as ‘excellent’.

[@krane15]

Then why so many thumbs down? Its just information.

[@eugeniebreida]

As one with almost zero scientific background of any significance, I would also rate this as 'excellent'. As, to explain complex matters to a layman is no small feat. I understand much more about where we are in 2020 having seen this scientist's video, and read the comments (with skepticism - granted naive, but I do what I can!)

[@thefireaflame]

I say the same as someone who has been in the sciences for a few minutes.

[@bpmmcg3668]

I’m genuinely MAD that my grade 12 class didn’t get to go over viruses more thoroughly, this is absolutely fascinating... wow

[@krane15]

Or did they and you just slept through it? Very few people ever apply what they learned about microbes. I see people touching public items and scratching their face and eating, etc. Not to mention the unnatural close contact some people have with their animals.

[@ucanliv4ever]

In Europe this is covered in the 6th grade

[@krane15]

@@ucanliv4ever In the U.S. as well (at least it was for me), and you get a bit more detail in high school. But its basically single-celled organisms, their structure, and how they function. Viruses are a different animal so to speak. I don't recall them ever going over them.

[@kollerbrian]

Feed a cold starve a Virus. BAK

[@yeetogami2575]

I am studying this topic rn. I'm in grade 11(India)

[@craigsmith4084]

I spent 15 years at UNMC as an electron microscopist. Did early research with HIV. Cool to see teaching videos like this.

[@jarifreza]

That's so cool

[@jimbo3356]

its sad. I learn more from youtube then I ever did from my useless high school teachers.

[@godfreecharlie]

jimbo3356 Southern Dixieland school district?

[@Broockle]

ye, school's not about learning the material. It's about figuring the quickest easiest way to get the highest scores on all subjects and tests to pass. I wish I knew that when I was in school. I always made it much harder on myself than I really had to make it. And my grades were really bad as a result.

[@okkyadit2]

your school is suck

[@nunyabisnass1141]

Theres certainly a lot to unpack with these critiques on the education system. Some focus on paths to college and minimise the importance and satisfaction that are in trades, while others simply are trying to change the world through students to fit their own narcissim. But many times you find schools being essentially care facilities just trying to get through to the next day.

[@dipakgadge9244]

Very true

[@sukoon7964]

Bloody hell, this is much better than anything they've taught me at school. Amazing video.

[@johnmiranda2307]

The best and most interesting presentation I’ve ever seen. I’m 74 and peripherally interested in this stuff so I do watch many presentations. KUDOS!!!

[@iloveplasticbottles]

Never too late to study biology and virology, friend!

[@harshsinghal4342]

a thousand thanks to you for all the work you do. it is really great. clear voice, nice explanation, correct pace and above all videos on most of the important subjects.

[@eugeniebreida]

Yes, all very well done, such a generous service to the general public.

[@Alteori]

I love the way you explain things ❤️

[@SomePoorArtist]

Ur real.

[@nahulseyon54]

Alteori r u real? I'm your fan! I CAN'T BELIEVE MY EYES!

[@Mark-Wilson]

bro you here too! woah

[@daialfresson784]

fish you mate

[@Mae_Dastardly]

Monster enthusiast fox thing is literally everywhere

[@joeelias2515]

This work is inestimable in worth and importance, I only wonder why its not getting more views,likes, shares and subscriptions? People must be sick not to be doing so, I call on all who are well and possibly sick people as well to support this Man in what ever way possible, the world needs people like him, thanks a billion

[@transfo47]

I agree. Knowledge is supreme.

[@lizatanzawa7910]

The more I learn about viruses, the creepier they are!!!

[@ushasureshkumawat8535]

Where does the bacteriophage get the energy to 'eject' it's genetic material?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

good question! i think it's an area of active research. but it's certainly due to some kind of conformational changes on the part of some proteins once binding occurs.

[@ushasureshkumawat8535]

Professor I searched on the internet and found this article, 'Myovirus bacteriophages use a hypodermic syringe-like motion to inject their genetic material into the cell. After making contact with the appropriate receptor, the tail fibers flex to bring the base plate closer to the surface of the cell; this is known as reversible binding. Once attached completely, irreversible binding is initiated and the tail contracts, possibly with the help of ATP present in the tail,[4] injecting genetic material through the bacterial membrane. The injection is done through a sort of bending motion in the shaft by going to the side, contracting closer to the cell and pushing back up.' So, they contain ATP from their earlier host.

[@iMakeItFun]

@@ushasureshkumawat8535 i saw a video on it recently. I've bee really interested in viruses for some reason recently lol I look up like dozens of articles and watch dozens of videos.

[@vijaysridhar351]

@@iMakeItFun could you provide the link to that?

[@krane15]

Through the change in atmospheric pressure.

[@4563adam]

Thank you so much for subtitles. I use your videos to help me in university, and it really makes understanding a lot easier.

[@kripashankarshukla4073]

I watch full ads so that professor Dave gets paid.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

thanks, friend!

[@donnieadventures4109]

Wow!

[@threeidiotz9426]

KRIPA SHANKAR SHUKLA i

[@WarrenGarabrandt]

I do too, but really, throwing $1 a month to his patreon is WAY more effective at funding than your $0.0001 per ad view revenue.

[@mohammedtayyoun8788]

Warren Garabrandt gef patron link

[@Gaurav-um4oh]

This man is so brilliant in explaining any topics of physics, chemistry , biology ,maths and so on . I have been inspired a lot by you and i wanna grab knowledge of all phy, chem, bio, maths together .More respect to you!❤️

[@WeLikePeanutButta]

you are amazing! this helped me so much. i don't know why you don't have more subscribers... i think you are better than any other educational youtuber i've seen!

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

thanks kindly! please spread the word!

[@andrewl3709]

I come from Indonesia. Iam a student in university. Then my lecturer is inviting to watch this video. Awesome

[@antekone1]

Really nice. Please continue what you're doing, you're doing great. I've learned about viruses more from this 10-minute video than 4 years in school.

[@kathryntully9824]

Thankyou. I cant repeat the terminology but I understand the concept of what you said. School teachers should take note of your method of explanation.

[@terrycarter4459]

Thanks for the information I founds this very interesting I am just a retired guy trying to understand a bit more about a virus and thanks to your great video I now do.

[@languageandmana9255]

Thank you soooo much for creating free content for medical students. Many students like me can not afford even low membership fees of websites that have been designed for medical students and your channel is one of the most precious resources for us♥♥♥🙏

[@alansmithee419]

I just find it amazing that nature created something that evolves while not being alive. They're like little robots that copy themselves.

[@MatanuskaHIGH]

alan smithee and kill hosts. Earths white blood cells...

[@KnightOfEternity13]

They ARE alive. It's just currently accepted definition of living is incorrect.

[@baileypanama]

Nature doesn’t create anything because evolution doesn’t exist. Viruses are man made and are advanced. Life doesn’t appear on its own

[@PrInCeSsuk8]

I dont think they know everything

[@dannycastano4282]

This is my theory with respect to viruses. Just as in computer science a computer system and the language it uses is created by an engineer. So they create an Operating system based of complex code and release it to the public to be used for various purposes such as: accounting, data entry, editing programs etc. Then a jealous engineer of the same knowledge level analyses the creators code and decides to engineer another piece of code that will disrupt the functionality of that OS created by the first engineer. This is when a computer becomes infected with a virus and it starts acting crazy. Biological viruses like computer viruses are engineered by someone with the knowledge of DNA coding. This explains how viruses can affect specific parts of a living organism and are designed to disrupt a specific functionality within that organism. This is why you have viruses that attack the liver only (hepatitis), the respiratory system only(influenza and the like), the reproductive system only (gonorrhea) etc. HIV is a master piece of viral engineering affecting a human's Immune system, the system which function is to fight off deseases that infect the human body. This means that from that point forward once infected with HIV the human body will no longer be able to fight deseases on its own and will always need aids from medicines and any deseases threatens the life of the sick person with HIV. Now let's think about who do viruses benefit? I'm a computer engineer but I like Biology.

[@mybabyalulu]

you're such an amazing professor im so grateful for the videos u make 🤍

[@jolopez9501]

Great tutorial, thank you. This connected all the dots for me that I knew a little bit of here and there.

[@boufrops6845]

Bacteria 1: captain! Bacteria 2 : yo yo what? (looks at bacteriophage) OH MY GOD! (Pirates of the carribean theme starts)

[@overloader7900]

and then wild phagocyte appears and sinks them all

[@georgebailey7653]

??? ...

[@KamranYounis1]

@@georgebailey7653 He's making a joke....

[@lahlah5247]

Bacteriophage: TARGET SIGHTED!

[@lahlah5247]

*army of phagocytes and bacteriophages arrive*

[@peachmangoplum]

Awesome video, thank you so much!! Perfect timing too! Have a microbiology exam on Viruses and biotech next week, need all the help I can get!

[@juanpablocarrascoful]

good video, I would add a little data: there are some viruses that can have a symbiosis with the host cell to the point that they can repair it or save it from death

[@lukeweyant6771]

This is crazy! Professor Dave, thank you for educating us.

[@alphaserenity283]

You do an amazing job of teaching and your explaination is....I am just very greatful to have found your youtube. I love learning and can't seem to get enough....I work at a hospital and when I tell the other nurses that a virus is not living, they just all laugh at me, and ask me what school did I graduate from? Keep them coming and thank you.

[@sauravjagtap7105]

Nice sir you are explain hard concept into simple concept

[@TriggeredLimey]

I continue to learn so much from your channel! Thank you for making us all a bit smarter. You are a legend!

[@ladyrachel13]

1:25 will forever haunt my dreams. 😱😟

[@BorrachosInterdimensionales]

It looks horrifying, like a microscopic robot that is out to hunt down and kill every living being it encounters. But there are good news. Bacteriophages only attack specific bacterias and not living cells. Bacteriophages do not attack human beings as we are too much of a target for them. In fact, right now scientists are researching ways to use bacteriophages to fight bacterial diseases in the body. They are kind of the good guy in this fight.

[@giantsquid2]

They look very alien!

[@dumeeha]

Creepy...

[@Mark-Wilson]

lol

[@sharmadronamraju8224]

Excellent education and great graphics! keep making these....I am engaged!

[@yoni1991]

You are amazing sir! thanks I can understand your accent too bro.... "work for all not for the privilege only"!!! .... I wishes if every one do like you because many of the professor they post here, it is hard to listen them and also they talk so fast and it is difficult to understand them.. thanks again...

[@SOLT__096]

Love your videos man ❤

[@cyrusjavier5739]

This dude out here saving lives

[@wongtonggongbong2521]

Amazing video for my biology class, thanks.

[@taongsak]

It has been 3 years, I just watched it today while COVID-19 invading the world.

[@trancendedmindpalace]

It just seems like magic when you say "they reassemble." An animation showing how the reassembling happens would help it not seem so mystical.

[@150cameron]

There is a video made by Veritasium that shows the copying of DNA on the molecular level. It's amazing how something so complex can be done by little machines that have no capacity to think, just react.

[@audiofile8311]

That explained a lot, thanks.

[@apuntes8883]

From a speculative consideration the intonation , pressure , emphasis and accent of his voice is actually not only guiding the viewer or host about the important ideas being presented as he leaves aside other less important but also he seems to even teach how to speak giving to the viewer a particular and colourful profile. Not even to say that in the actual global viral event the Intelligence of viruses also seem at moments to be by the same biological mechanism imprinting changes from the political to the social paradigma.

[@honey4xi]

Teachers teach the simple lessons of virus along with biology in high schools for teenagers to learn the basics of virology. In colleges, professors teach a varieties of virology than ever before because so much knowledge about viruses and diseases has been updating rapidly. This year 2020, the spreads of corona virus have been escalating serious problems to the world with life, death, fear, confusion, lockdowns, and downward economy since December 2019. KZbin videos about viruses are helpful for individual who wants to learn more.

[@renukathiru3260]

Excellent way of imparting the knowledge

[@drvir]

I'm glad to be so famous 😈 😈

[@reeflextv9805]

H1N1 lol too many people arent smart enough to understand this.

[@SciK.]

ReeflexTV it’s a flu type/strand

[@davr1]

@N K Idk what you mean "saddest", and you don't need 70IQ just to remember a piece of information... That's not a sad thing. It's just you won't ever need to know what H1N1 in most jobs, so there's no point of learning it

[@ffmoss2802]

H1N1 fuck 🖕🏾u.....

[@CelestialExility]

Hey friend, sad to know you're gone

[@daynenof765]

He makes everything so easy to understand

[@andreas2949]

Wuhan coronavirus brought me here.

[@fungames24]

Me too. But where did that get us?

[@rahulnath4852]

Me too xD

[@makoybalag8883]

Yeah

[@datoming]

@@fungames24 A report of 2019-nCov genome sequence report shows 4 HIV-like structures in the S protein segment on the viral membrane. This is the site for binding with the host cell RNA to disguise the virus to cross the host cell membrane through "endocytosis". These HIV-like structures have not been observed in other known coronaviruses but are found in HIV virus. This may happen through random mutation in nature. The propability of this freak mutation with not one but four HIV-like protein structures is extremely low and would take a very very long time unless the HIV-like protein structures were the result of manipulation in a high grade biotech lab for example. Even more intriguing is the claims in the US, Thailand and China that few 20019-nCov infected patients responded very well when anti-HIV drugs (e.g. Interferon) are used in combination with supportive treatments . From this very useful video, we can deduce that blocking the HIV-like protein structures on the Wuhan virus prevents the virus's ability to hijack human cells to replicate itself!!!!!

[@forgetmeandhaveahappylife]

@@datoming Thank you so much. You summarized everything very well. I just understood things now from your comment.

[@juliesteimle3867]

One of the best ones I've seen yet. Thanks for making this video.

[@ccan7417]

1:38 RIP Cheeto Puff

[@nganingkhuihas7254]

thank you for your cooperation

[@gioflores]

1:33 did that virus just squirt In a Cheeto

[@basscaq]

This is the best video i have ever seen about this

[@Karyabs]

"A piece of bad news wrapped in protein", Peter Medawar.

[@BlinkinFirefly]

lolllll, excellent description

[@stephentrueman4843]

not necessarily, bacteriophages can used alongside antibiotics to save lives

[@BlinkinFirefly]

@@stephentrueman4843 hmmmmmmm, you got a point tharrrr

[@soldierscaptain6026]

@@stephentrueman4843 Good news for humans and animals, still bad news for bacteria.

[@HajerDoro]

hay professor dave why you are explaining everything ? that is amazing

[@fishsauce7497]

Sometimes I feel like viruses 🦠 are nanobots of Aliens 👽

[@larrywhitesell4139]

Very nicely done video. the nice graphics and information really clarified a lot of things for me. Did I miss it or did you explain the difference between the RNA/ DNA in the double protein coat capsid in the mitochondria of the cell? There are so many unfamiliar terms, to me, in cellular biology that sometimes I have trouble understanding certain aspects. But thank you, I have learned a great deal from your video! When I said "Did I miss it or did you explain the difference between the RNA/DNA in the double protein coat capsid in the mitochondria of the cell" I meant - Did you explain the difference between viruses and the RNA/DNA in the mitochondria, that have the same structure as viruses have?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Check out my biochemistry playlist for background information on nucleic acids and other topics!

[@larrywhitesell4139]

Okay

[@POP_Tart_Enthusiast]

That spider like virus reminds me of the machine drill from the matrix when it stands up and drills down on the colony..

[@kiatipov]

Well, it has not been depicted like that by chance

[@nanda-studies]

Thank you so much for your explanation, it is really dynamic and really got me focused. Honestly, I am being "forced" to study biology in english even though it's not my native language bc I can find any good explanations in my language cuz everything they explain is theory, and cells, virus and bacteria aren't things you can learn only reading. Thank you so so much.

[@alexophobic2655]

I think this went on my recommended page bc of COVID-19 I starting to think this is a powerpoint presentation

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

It isn't. It's a KZbin video.

[@thearthurmigliazza]

Great video Dave!

[@th-hannibal]

Just like the face hugger in Alien movie.

[@ianpollard4501]

Well done. I understood most of what was explained.👌

[@giancarloandrebravoabanto7091]

3:15 rocket made by some hand

[@BugattiFan301]

Great video! Very helpful and explains the information in a simple and understandable way. Thanks a bunch.

[@redcharget5894]

phage: where do phages come from? Other phage: from bacter.... Other other phage: shh. He’s not allowed to know that

[@srionkareyeenthospitalamba3172]

Brilliant presentation Topic explained very lucidly. Gr8 animations

[@beelzeboss9631]

They're basically glitches in reality

[@jsmith8457]

They aren’t “glitches” but they definitely prove that the MATRIX is real 🐒

[@healthdoc]

A virus is like a flash drive

[@avi8aviate]

Viruses were put in a petri dish! But nothing happened!

[@marco_marvelous]

Kirby LOL

[@jvargas454]

YOU are awesome. Truly a teacher, and I consider that a high compliment.

[@acookie1410]

Good thing bacterial phage doesn’t attack human cells 😅

[@thesnatcher3616]

It actually can in some instances. Like Old People. I think it can also sometimes harm good bacteria within your gut or skin.

[@maxmac7845]

Last week i was laid back about the covid 19 virus. Now cases have flared up all around my community and its all got very real very quickly. Scary.

[@ThePhobos100]

That phage image looks like a robot or something mechanical.

[@giantsquid2]

Alien spaceship?

[@chikken1936]

heard the intro and instantly subscribed

[@prabhleenreen3594]

omg hey big fan of ur work

[@premgupta3627]

Please virus sir don't harm us play a positive role make a doctor's free WORLD

[@yuben112]

I came here because the ongoing Covid-19 got me interested in how viruses work. Very informative. Thanks and stay safe. However, if viruses evolved back when singular cells came about, how come they didn't kill the singular cells back then?

[@suomynona]

How do they do things if they arent alive lol

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

They don't "do things" any more than a rock does things.

[@suomynona]

@@ProfessorDaveExplains it seems pretty obvious they do. unlike a rock.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

That's because you don't understand biochemistry.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Molecules react with one another. Is that doing something? Are molecules alive? No, they aren't. And the mechanism of viral injection isn't even a chemical reaction. It's the result of a conformational change in the proteins in the "legs" due to recognition by bacterial receptors. Stop spamming this video with comments pretending that you understand biochemistry.

[@N8_Bit_official]

Lol. "How does TV do things if it's not alive?" "How does light do light speed travel if it's not alive?" "How does any noun even verb at all unless it's alive?"

[@user-wq3jv5et8d]

The current zoonotic corona virus crisis made me to drop in to remind myself of what virus is all about. A nice video on the subject. Thanks Dave!

[@HudsonBryant08]

He fr fr is science Jesus

[@jepmaningo7770]

Could you please explain more the HIV? Thank you so much. I'm shocked by how virus can hijack a cell...

[@SuperGreatSphinx]

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV

[@pooja_2023]

I have a question. You have given a lot of information about viruses. I want to know why they exist in the first place? Are they remnants of a bacteria or cell that did not find proper conditions to develop other important genetic material necessary for fulfilling the term 'living organism'?

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Well there isn't really any "why" they exist, they just do. If a pattern of molecules can successfully replicate, it will persist. But they definitely aren't remnants of cellular life, they are totally separate phenomena that came about roughly concurrently with unicellular organisms.

[@pooja_2023]

Professor Dave Explains Thank you for the reply. I have two more question please. If they replicate with the genetic material from a recipient, do they make complete carbon copies of themselves or use the genetic material to modify further? If they are not living organisms by definition, can they be modified genetically to be like bacteria so that they can be destroyed by antibiotics? Just curious!

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Yes they use the enzymes present in a cell to make many copies of themselves. Viral DNA can indeed be modified, and we have done quite a bit of work in this area, tinkering with retroviruses for various purposes. But they can't become like bacteria as viruses and bacteria are nothing alike.

[@pooja_2023]

Professor Dave Explains Wow, thanks professor! Appreciate your time and effort to reply. Please do keep posting videos in the future.

[@Rabb865]

What’s the function of receptors on a cell

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Receiving messenger molecules and transmitting signals into the cell

[@yenzyhebron5278]

In the lysogenic cycle, the host cell unwittingly transcribes the prophage's DNA everytime a nuclear proccess occurs, this create something that roughly translates to parasitic symbiosis. The host cell is asymptomatic.

[@ethankelso3084]

You know your channel is interesting and well done when I’m here for entertainment

[@westfield90]

It is amazing how something so simple and uncomplicated can a fool a substantially complex system like the human body. Wonder why it evolved like this.

[@thebogangamer1]

sometimes simplicity is best, the more complicated the system the more holes in its defences, virus are so simple that they have no way to be infected or preyed upon.

[@miapenny4161]

Still replying to comments despite the video being made years ago, you're kind of a legend

[@EducatorSharmin]

It is really helpful for students!

[@muhammadtasleem2336]

Outstanding information . keep it up dude.

[@3DPDK]

Concerning the origin of viruses; If these were possibly the first "non-living" forms of complex molecules to form, before the appearance of more complex, living cells, but a virus needs the more complex living cells to replicate, how did any virus that formed out of the primordial goo survive time until living cells began to appear. There's something missing in this equation.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

i don't think anyone is suggesting that viruses evolved prior to bacteria, single-celled life must have existed first, but i think viruses probably arose nearly simultaneously or in tandem with simple life forms.

[@birther1968]

Great explanation for the simple guy.

[@daytripperhd]

Well made video. Very educational.

[@Thailandian]

So how do these things get into my computer

[@h00b00]

Terms like "inject" is a bit confusing: if they are technically dead, how can they inject themselves esp. in that phage animation @ 1:25 where it looks like it's navigating with its "legs" and then deliberately puncturing and injecting the host.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Yes the animation is a bit misleading, they don’t “swim” like that. But the stock footage looked so amazing I used it anyway.

[@mickshaw555]

The animation for explaining viruses were amazing.

[@bramcoteelectrical1088]

Thanks Dave very informative I have learn alot in short space if time. I like geeking out and learning new stuff!

[@mikeinmunich8814]

Great stuff Dave! Thanks!

[@jaysss5513]

Could this viral reaction be considered something a long the lines of a chemical reaction to help explain the fact that it is not "alive" but still can spread ?

[@circli]

Now that's a good teacher, where can I get one? :)

[@lissetdeleon9442]

Alto Bluedot on you tube.

[@Ayushman155]

Nice explanation. You are a nice teacher

[@marcob4630]

This is a brillant and complete explanation of the strange and dangerous thing called "virus"

[@KirtiRanjan]

One video from youtube which I hoped not to end, so soon..

[@mrsyasinzai4260]

Fantastic adorable beautifull amazing sir you understand me in a very very simple method i am very thankfull of you keep it up ❤❤❤