Neurobiology of Sleep - Circadian Rhythms, Sleep-Wake Cycle and Insomnia

[@janice2992]

This is very good I am so glad that the experts understand so that I can learn about my own health problems.

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Thank you for your feedback. 🙏🏻

[@lightwork5414]

Best summary ive seen i struggle with fatigue so much and have had to research above and beyond what my doctors can help me with. Would love to get in touch

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Thank you for your feedback. You may find this review I wrote relevant - psychscenehub.com/psychinsights/neurobiology-sleep/

[@nivlakhera9]

Wao fantastic

[@rameshkumar722]

Thank you sir,when I am trying to get about sleep on KZbin there is no clear lectures .I like this video ,excellent overview about neuroscience of sleep.

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Thank you for your feedback. 🙏🏼

[@robertceliberti7175]

I found the video really interesting. I never realized how intricate the brain is when we sleep. I knew about melatonin but all the other neurotransmitters involved.

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

It’s fascinating !

[@adriennekuhn7677]

Very clear explanation. Thank you.

[@Na-xm1bo]

Loved the musicccc with the explanation! !,,!,

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Thank you for your feedback.

[@xiqueira]

Great overview and clarification. Two question. In your video adenosine is listed as in the circadian category while in my textbook it is listed in the homeostasis. Additionally, adenosine is considered chemical regulation while the rest of the hormones and chemicals such as seratonin and norepinephrine are considered neural controls.

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Thank you for.your feedback. Melatonin - adenosine control sleeps wake cycle. The neuropeptide adenosine has been identified as a sleep promoter and can inhibit arousal by blocking activities of the orexin system which is known to induce arousal and wakefulness. More detail here psychscenehub.com/psychinsights/insomnia-assessment-management/

[@premkumar-so3ff]

But I don't agree with delayed or advanced melatonin secretion which you shown as the factor which impact sleep. For examples it's found in research the nocturnal animals has more melatonin production in their brain during night where they are predominantly active. So more research need to come out before we agree on some things

[@kumarkancharlapalli1131]

Thank u so much

[@Calaman345]

This was fantastic

[@clydedesmondmacalister]

My only (possible) objection: everything I have read about sleep says adenosine belongs in the homeostatic process category (process S), not the circadian one. It has been described in my readings as the number one chemical involved in sleep pressure buildup, in fact. But you have it in the circadian category. Why is that?

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Good point. Technically yes but there is more evidence that adenosine plays a part in circadian rhythms as well via action on orexin. More evidence in general that circadian and homeostatic pathways interact.

[@clydedesmondmacalister]

@@PsychiatrySimplified Okay, so the two systems, though distinct, are not insulated from one other. Okay, thanks!

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

@@clydedesmondmacalister yes it's only recently they have identified this around 2016. Still not exactly clear how. But interestingly adenosine is implicated in RLS which is mediated by dopamine which is closely linked to melatonin as well. Retinal ganglion cells also have dopamine. Also iron metabolism linked to adenosine - iron deficiency increased adenosine receptors and iron is involved in metabolism of dopamine. fascinating stuff. Thanks for that comment

[@SebastianGonzalez-cf1jl]

This was great. Thank you

[@ephraimphiri5789]

Very helpful

[@yehudabengayev2089]

great video! is there a folowing video about the management of insomnia?

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Thank you for your feedback. Appreciate it: we haven't done a video yet but here is a detailed article I've written with sleep specialist that covers management psychscenehub.com/psychinsights/insomnia-assessment-management/

[@sywakit]

THANKS

[@colinpatrick2729]

I have a question. If melatonin and adenosine do not i initiate the transition from wake to sleep directly what impact do they have on the vlpo activation aka the sleep switch to initiate unconsciousness. If so how is the vlpo activated to bring about sleep

[@timvarano5562]

Great vid!

[@ryantammul5961]

My pineal gland was removed because of a brain tumor. What would you suggest I do?

[@AmartyaRay20]

Very informative video Dr Rege. Looking forward to the next parts. Would love if you could talk about insomnia in autistic individuals

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Amartya Ray we will cover the basics of insomnia management in next video. Some of these principles if not a significant amount will apply to autism as well. Here is an article which looked at the evidence for sleep disorders in Autism. Melatonin , behavioural and CBT mentioned. Only additional aspect was weighted blankets ( no significant evidence) - n.neurology.org/content/94/9/392

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Amartya Ray thank you for the feedback. We appreciate it 🙏🏻

[@Kem9s]

That was great thank you!

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Thank you for your feedback. Here is a detailed article if interested. psychscenehub.com/psychinsights/insomnia-assessment-management/

[@ccburro1]

Questions-Has any research/testing been done to determine approx how much time needs to be spent outside in the sun so as to ensure good melatonin release at night? Does the time of day when you get this sun exposure to your eyes impact WHEN the melatonin starts to be released at night?

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Good question. There are studies that have been done in controlled environments. One study in elderly that I know showed positive benefits with uncontrolled exposure. This is an example of controlled study - Bright light of 5000 lux was provided by placing fluorescent lamps about 1 meter in front of the subjects during the daytime exposure (06:30-19:30) from 06:30 on day 1 to 10:30 on day 3. Dim light was controlled at 200 lux, and the subjects were allowed to sleep from 22:30 to 06:30 under both light exposure conditions. Urine and saliva were collected at 4h intervals for assessing melatonin and IgA. Melatonin excretion in the urine was significantly greater during the nighttime (i.e., at 06:30 on day 1 and at 02:30 on day 2) after the bright light condition than during the dim light condition. Furthermore, the concentration and the amount of salivary IgA tended to be higher in the bright light than in the dim light condition, especially during the night-time. Also, salivary IgA concentration and the total amount secreted in the saliva were significantly positively correlated with urinary melatonin. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that bright light exposure during the daytime enhances the nocturnal melatonin increase and activates the mucosal immune response.

[@ccburro1]

@@PsychiatrySimplified Could you clarify-or confirm-from 6:30am to 10:30am so 4 hours of direct exposure? (Thank you much for your help on this). Loved the video-clear, concise.

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

@@ccburro1 thanks for the feedback. Yup - that's what the paper says. academic.oup.com/jcem/article/97/11/4166/2836620?login=false

[@ccburro1]

@@PsychiatrySimplified Thank you.

[@jokerkhaeen449]

so what would happen if we haven't followed a consistent sleep/wake cycle for three years...how would this affect our endocrine system and hormones?

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

It is difficult to answer it with certainty. Often it's important to look at symptoms and functioning. If insomnia is affecting functioning it is helpful to look at an assessment. Insomnia can be associated with physical and psychological effects.

[@pritamshil5765]

Sir,can physical pain tolerance and mental pain tolerance enhance psychological power and psychological strength?

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

To a certain extent: too much and it can be harmful. Yerkes dodson curve

[@TwoBeesOneWhy]

Does blue light filter application on smartphone works?

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Partly ; getting blue light blockers( glasses) is noticeably effective.

[@dominic2446]

DORA can help with insomnia. DORA stands for dual orexin receptor antagonist.

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Good one. We covered it here in detail. psychscenehub.com/psychinsights/lemborexant-mechanism-of-action-psychopharmacology-clinical-application-2/

[@mr.anindyabanerjee9905]

Excellent lecture Sir. Could you please explain REM in detail and the PGO wave accompanied during this stage? Thanks.

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Thanks for the feedback. I haven't covered phases on detail in this video as it is outside the scope of this video but some detail has been provided in this article on neurobiology of insomnia. Hope this helps. psychscenehub.com/psychinsights/insomnia-assessment-management/

[@Danielle-tx2es]

love the video but prefer to see him bigger and info smaller

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Thanks for the feedback: have changed that in other videos subsequently. Appreciate the input. 🙏🏼

[@simarm6573]

Love this! Thank you for such an informative lecture.

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Thank you for your feedback. If you are interested in the full detailed article - here is the link - psychscenehub.com/psychinsights/insomnia-assessment-management/

[@MariaLopez-ot6wl]

It is very difficult to concentrate in your presentation with that loud music in the background...

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Sorry for the inconvenience. We have taken this advice on board and removed music for future videos.

[@MariaLopez-ot6wl]

@@PsychiatrySimplified Thank you for helping your audience :)

[@zarakhan1518]

Thankyou

[@heinz-georgschneider3567]

Excellent explanation. Thank you.

[@PsychiatrySimplified]

Glad it was helpful!