Rise of Cromwell - Marston Moor 1644 - English Civil War DOCUMENTARY

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Kings and Generals historical animated documentary series on the history of the Early Modern Era and the English civil war continues. In our previous video, we covered how the English Civil War finally broke out after decades of buildup, ultimately leading to the conflict’s first major pitched battle at Edgehill, in October 1642 ( • Battle of Edgehill 164... ). Many spectators and participants alike hoped this clash would end the conflict, but they were tragically mistaken, for the flawed generalship and heavy losses among King Charles I’s royalist army would lead to a deadlock that trapped the British Isles in bitter civil war for almost another two decades. Charles’ march on London and the campaign of 1643, culminated at the First Battle of Newbury ( • Battle of Newbury 1643... ). In the aftermath, the war continued both in England and Scotland, leading go the climactic battle of Marston Moor in 1644. In this series we will cover the main battles of the civil war between the Royalists and the Parliamentarians, including Edgehill, Newsbury, Marston Moor, Naseby, Preston, Drogheda, Dunbar and others.
English Civil War #0: Reasons it happened: • Why did the English Ci...
English Civil War #1: Battle of Edgehill: • Battle of Edgehill 164...
English Civil War #2: 1st Battle of Newbury: • Battle of Newbury 1643...
English Civil War #3: Marston Moor 1644: • Rise of Cromwell - Mar...
English Civil War #4: Naseby 1644: • Cromwell’s Crowning Vi...
Enclosure: How the English Lost Their Lands: • Enclosure: How the Eng...
Wars of Roses 1455-1487 - English Civil Wars: • Wars of Roses 1455-148...
Thirty Years' War: • Thirty Years' War - Wh...
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Ottoman Battles: • Battle of Kosovo 1389 ...
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Why the Ottoman Sultans Killed their Brothers: • Why did the Ottoman Su...
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We are grateful to our patrons and sponsors, who made this video possible: docs.google.com/document/d/1o...
The script was written by Matt Hollis, while the video was made by Antoni Kameran and was narrated by Officially Devin ( / @offydgg & kzbin.info/door/79s.... The art was created by Nargiz Isaeva. Machinimas by MalayArcher on Pike and Shot mod for Napoleon Total war
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Music courtesy of EpidemicSound
#Documentary #EnglishCivilWar #Cromwell

[@KingsandGenerals]

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[@dennishem4914]

Link doesn't work. 503 service unavailable.

[@hamishsewell5990]

Great series so far! Going to cover other theatres? Like James Graham’s Year of Victories in Scotland?

[@ahmedalfaraj2808]

Man when are you going to upload the early Islamic expansion and the Zanj rebellion video we have been waiting for more than a month now when are you going to upload the two videos? 🙄

[@Wolfeson28]

One suggestion for future videos: it would make things somewhat clearer if you referred to the key figures in the narration by the same names as their tags in the animated maps. Obviously many of these figures had various noble titles as well as family names that they would have used at different times, but it starts to get quite confusing during battles when the majority of the leaders on each side are being referred to in the narration by names that don't match their tags on the map. As an example, the narration consistently refers to William Cavendish as "Newcastle" or "The Earl of Newcastle", while his nametag always says "W. Cavendish". While you do mention the title as belonging to that individual, it's difficult to remember all of which noble titles titles go with which people - staying consistent with one name/title per person throughout would be much clearer.

[@1987MartinT]

Once you've covered the 1st English Civil War, will you cover the connected conflicts as well? The Bishops' Wars, Irish Confederate Wars, 2nd Civil War, 3rd Civil War, Cromwell's War in Ireland, and Montrose's campaign in Scotland.

[@joellaz9836]

There was a funny incident before this battle took place *Even after two years, the fact that a civil war was being fought was not universally known across England. On reaching Marston moor, some soldiers discovered a farm worker going about his business. When Soldiers told the farm worker to be gone, the disgruntled labourer asked why he should move. When told he was standing on a field that was about to host a battle between the King and Parliament, he said: “Whaat, has them two fallen out, then?”*

[@jonathanstempleton7864]

That's very similar to a scene in The Witchfinder General 😆

[@jonathanstempleton7864]

@@netrolancer1061 Conqueror Worm in the US. Witchfinder General in the UK.

[@kharnthebetrayer8251]

Hey, some people just wanna farm

[@drewdavies3010]

Sarcasm misinturpretated as ignorance

[@boopie6635]

Most English response I've ever seen. I love it

[@skewed9942]

This Cromwell guy is quite the warrior. Can’t wait to hear his opinion about Ireland

[@maxkennedy8075]

U H O H

[@freemikeg]

LOL 🤣😂😅🤣

[@steffanyschwartz7801]

@@ghsense2626 Cromwell wouldn’t beat the Austrians, French, Swedes, Poles, Dutch, Spainish, or Ottomans. Not possible

[@alastairbrewster4274]

@@steffanyschwartz7801 of course not lol think he was joking but maybe that’s because you’re name is Schwartz - Germans not known for their sense of humour eh?

[@steffanyschwartz7801]

@@alastairbrewster4274 Jewish German. And yes we can’t take jokes (like the American tanks)

[@theawesomeman9821]

Cromwell:"Its over Rupert! I have the high ground!" Rupert:"You under-estimate my power."

[@allergy5634]

Undisaplined royalist cavalry: what power?

[@SunofYork]

@@allergy5634 "undisciplined"

[@brianallsopp69]

Cromwell never stepped foot on a battlefield until he was 45 ,,,, he'd been a farmer, squire and MP for Huntingdon,,, he just had a talent for it ,,,, a remarkable man a totally ruthless one as well ....

[@joellaz9836]

Yep. Before he joined parliament’s forces, Cromwell’s only military experience was in the trained bands, the local county militia.

[@radman6047]

Some Warriors are born, not made.

[@boris4753]

He was epic... Blessed with a talent the English were in dire need of at that moment.

[@peter42466]

@@boris4753 he was also horrific and killed loads of the Irish

[@TheStrategos392]

The interesting thing about Cromwell was that he had no formal military training, he made up for it with exceptional leadership and discipline.

[@SantomPh]

There was no formal training at the time , he was one of those who created the New Model Army to create such training

[@christianlong-lo3jm]

And created a new model of killing Irish people God bless Cromwell not.

[@williamromine5715]

It seems that the winning side in many decisive battles ultimately lose because they decide to loot the enemy's baggage train, or camp, instead of carrying on with the battle.

[@jj4l]

Undisciplined forces

[@DrKarmo]

My only gripes is that i think you should've made the Scots blue so it would be easier to tell them appart from the English Other than that, amazing video!

[@denniscleary7580]

Grew up learning about the American Civil War but not learning enough about the English Civil War, which I always found to be far more interesting. So much rich history and culture to be learned from our cousins across the sea 👍

[@idlehands1238]

The more sophisticated the guns the less interesting the warfare becomes.

[@jayturner3397]

I also think the revolutionary war was in fact a civil war, and that it had to be fought, , ? 🇬🇧 uk

[@Jaxck77]

The Second US Civil War had remarkably little impact on history. It was a traumatic & unnecessary conflict that simply undermined the American infatuation with slavery by any means. The English Civil War was the violent birthing time of the world’s first true modern democracy, as well as the cultural turning at which Britain as a whole rejected Puritanism (which in turn led to those ideas heading West, hence the American obsession with fucking over people who look or act different).

[@ToastieBRRRN]

I'm pretty sure colonial America was involved in the English civil war as well.

[@joellaz9836]

@@Jaxck77 What? The least religious and most atheistic part of America is where the Puritans settled, which is New England. Puritans had very little cultural impact in America.

[@Rizzlelid]

I live at the base of the Pentland hills in Scotland, where The Royal Scottish army defeated the Covenanter insurgents at Rulion Green. It’s known as the “Covenanters grave” It’s a strange battlefield. Lots of legends come from these hills for some reason. Many of the Covenanters that were capture were tortured near the now training grounds of the 3rd rifles battalion. It’s a creepy place.

[@JamesHatfield49]

This is really cool. I used to live in Tockwith. And drive past the monument all the time. There is even a tree which we call Cromwell’s Tree.

[@paulceglinski7172]

Been waiting for this one! Done smashed the like button before viewing again. K&G is my top animated history channel. The playlist is huge and diverse, the topics are outstanding and Devin's narration is without peer. Great work. Cheers.

[@deamongimli]

I keep getting confused when they call Alexander Leslie "Leven", especially because they then refer to William Cavendish as simply "Cavendish". I know that Leslie is the Earl of Leven, but then why not call Cavendish "Newcastle", since he was the Duke of Newcastle?

[@theboulder_]

It could be because they talk about Newcastle the city and don't want people to confuse that with Newcastle the man

[@OcarinaSapphr-]

He didn't become Duke until the Restoration, I believe- whereas the rest already had their titles by the time of the war...

[@zacharyclark5617]

Oliver Cromwell. The King without a crown.

[@joellaz9836]

That’s what people were also saying back then after his death “At dinner we talked much of Cromwell; all saying he was a brave fellow, and did owe his crown he got to himself as much as any man that ever got one one.” - Samuel Pepys diary, (1666).

[@jayturner3397]

He was offered it..his big error to me was passing the mantle to his son..

[@zacharyclark5617]

@@jayturner3397 Yes. He was offered the Crown because the Rump Parliament was afraid of his power and hoped to limit it by trading his office of Lord Protector to an actual King.

[@boris4753]

@@zacharyclark5617 parliament was as corrupt as it gets

[@varengo1838]

Also definable as dictator

[@robbabcock_]

Terrific work! This series has been amazing so far.

[@RogerCoyBooks]

This is a complicated battle that I have had difficulty understanding for many years, thank you for piecing together most of the loose ends by creating a relatively understandable time line with your graphics and narrative. Winston Churchill has a jolly good description of this period, by the way, in one of his history books.

[@pictishclan]

Would be so awesome if you guys could cover the Jacobite Uprisings at some point! Loving this series

[@Anesthesia069]

You missed the fact that Fairfax managed to ride across the field, straight through enemy lines, simply by removing his field sign from his armour!

[@roryc5089]

Been waiting patiently for weeks for this! Great work as always!!!

[@1norselad]

I love that i know all these villages Living in york you sometimes take the history for granted

[@jonbaxter2254]

There he is! Cromwell did terrible things, but he was certainly a prominent figure for the next 400 years

[@lerneanlion]

England: *descend into civil war* Ireland: Another change of regime that is going to force us to go along whether we wanted it or not, right?

[@osianedwards2985]

Great video once again 🔥

[@turbonerd6552]

Really like this series. This is the history British folk should learn at school

[@jj4l]

We do

[@2msvalkyrie529]

It's not " diverse " enough ? Completely ignores the contribution made by those of African descent....? ( sounds like a joke but this is what History teaching has been reduced to in Britain.)

[@SunofYork]

@@2msvalkyrie529 We learned that Right wing fascists lost WW2..never to return

[@loupiscanis9449]

Thank you , K&G . 🐺

[@chrisanduncensoredjapan6627]

Be great if you could do a couple of episodes on the Marquis of Montrose, who was sent to campaign in Scotland to try to divert Leven’s army back north.

[@adaw2d3222]

Excellent video, even better than your usual outstanding quality.

[@troyjameson7174]

Fantastic video as always!

[@sourabhmayekar3354]

Great work guys

[@Uzair_Of_Babylon465]

Fantastic video keep it up you're doing amazing job

[@Greggg1981]

You’re

[@MachineSpirit101]

Absolitly fantastic series! Newark sends its love! ❤️

[@timxiong6682]

Hi kings and general I would love to see you guys give us more battles

[@levimanley9698]

Glad to see this war covered in detail finally!!! As I'm slightly biased towards this conflict since my family on my mother's side had lands up in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire at the time and fought on the side of the royals. The head of the family saw which way the wind was blowing after the Battle of Naseby and hightailed to Virginia with his family.

[@jakemurray2635]

I always thought the title "War of the Three Kingdoms" fit this war better, as it affected Scotland and Ireland just as much as it affected England

[@jj4l]

Civil war is more apt

[@dantheman4908]

Doesn’t hurt that it sounds cooler too

[@idkwhatsgoingon4584]

@@dantheman4908 mah, because there's there's the War of the Three Kingdoms in China, and it's confusing especially since this war was mainly fought between the 2 English sides

[@aldojitsu]

Love this channel

[@hanzup4117]

Gosh, I love this series :)

[@patricktalbot8980]

Can you guys do unit details. Such as the Ironsides or the lambs. Even like 3 minute videos detailing would be cool

[@user-lh6qf2tw1b]

THIS SERIS IS AWESOME. BRILLIANT DOC. WE ALWYS LOVE AND APPRECIATE YOUR HARD WORK, DEDICATION TOWRDS THSE VIDS.

[@SerialChiller1000]

I wish The Wars of the Three Kingdoms were better known in the english-speaking world. I don't believe representative democracy would have been possible without the Roundheads' victory.

[@LichsuhoathinhDrabattle]

I hope there will be more videos about world history and Vietnam. Thank you team, every video is good

[@curranlakhani]

As a British person choosing between Parliament and the Royal family nowadays is like choosing which STI I would rather have. The historical conflict between Parliament and the Crown is far more interesting since there's merit to both sides of the divide, whereas nowadays there's no merit to either side Parliament and the Monarchy.

[@cameronwixcey9692]

Do you live in a tory sage seat or labour? I live in wales so I would pick parliament assuming tories side with Charles. Better for short term health.

[@alarsonious2071]

I love it when no matter who wins it's a English victory...

[@mktf5582]

Looking forward to hearing about John Lambert, a unsung/underrated - Military leader/figure.

[@Falkriim]

Great video

[@markusskram4181]

Cool vid !

[@ThalesGMota]

Thanks For This Video Cromwell is Ascension Begins.

[@noahconnor1540]

I’m sure that Cromwell guy won’t be a problem

[@worsethanjoerogan8061]

3:40 Dissention developed in Cromwell's ranks as Liverpool fans were told they had to get along with Manchester.

[@simenonhonore]

Apart from the rather curious historical background, the battle itself and the lead up to it were described superbly.

[@II.Justinian]

I love english history more than any nation. It always satisfy me.

[@UltraVista007]

Loved the video! Videos like these, with interesting, full-scale battles being explained chronologically, are why I'm a paid subscriber and supporter. One question though. How many cavalry were on the parliamentarians' flanks? 3000 on each flank, or 3000 spread out over both flanks, meaning 1500 on each flank? Because if it's the former, with Thomas Fairfax's vanguard of 400 horses leaving the field, that would've still left a sizeable force of 2600 horses, so... What happened to them? 🙂

[@idlehands1238]

Watching this was a bit freaky. Looked it up on google maps to orientate myself and spotted a karting track less than a mile down the road. As soon as I saw it I remembered the layout. Must be at least 25 years since I hurtled around that track on a stag weekend. I couldn't have even told you what county I was in at the time - I never go north of London. Wish I'd known. I'd have been just as interested to see the battlefield - but doubt the stag would.

[@shinsenshogun900]

Cavaliers when they pursue a routing detachment and detected a baggage train: 🤑

[@saidtoshimaru1832]

Prince Rupert: "Where's my poodle?"

[@alexismoungara4]

Damn, Kings and Generals are on a roll, almost daily video, after video. Your spoiling us :)

[@KingsandGenerals]

Hope you guys are enjoying it! Always more in the works!

[@mikebourne3436]

great video as always. would it be possible to cover the 1706 siege of Turin in a future video?

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks! Spanish succession is on our list

[@mikebourne3436]

@@KingsandGenerals Great news thanks, im struggling to find many videos covering the Spanish Succession period. Keep up the good work :)

[@viraloracle5151]

perhaps a video on Zopyrus the satrap ? his story is really unique

[@ehall0]

Wetherby is nowhere near where it's shown on the map, and in reality lies between Leeds and York, along the river Wharfe. Love the video, simply pointing it out as a resident of that area.

[@avelin5045]

It's a bit curious labelling Blackpool at ~8:12 - Blackpool didn't exist beyond a handful of shacks at the time, and most of the Fylde was basically barren barring Poulton and Kirkham! Labelling Preston may make more sense, given the later Battle of Preston in 1648 (which was an absolutely crushing parliamentarian victory).

[@jonbaxter2254]

I really enjoy seeing all these English towns as so small. Nowadays, Manchester covers everything!

[@naimurrahman9102]

please make next part early

[@sirunklydunk8861]

If the Cavalry on both sides would learn to stop chasing routing troops away and stay and fight this war would have lasted a week

[@iapetusmccool]

Although you often need to chase them to ensure they stay routed.

[@lafeelabriel]

Also, I was right, that was the same Alexander Leslie. :D

[@lafeelabriel]

Could make a pretty good case for this being the turning point of the war. Sure Charles kept going after this defeat, but it was all a slow down hill slide from here basically.

[@theoutlook55]

Only 300 versus 4,000 deaths / casualties? With all the back and forth, plus instances in which the Parliamentarian Army seemed close to defeat, I would have thought the losses on their side would have been much greater.

[@reapercushions9372]

Map: Shows Manchester and Liverpool Narration: "...and no Mersey was given." At least that was the pun that I thought I heard : )

[@Purushottamchaturvedi]

Super story

[@thefinal9923]

This whole trend of cavalry winning and then fucking off mid-battle makes for such a dramatic scene doesn't it? Lol.

[@theoutlook55]

Wow! English Civil War, count me in!

[@WanderlustZero]

Rupert: *executes 1,000 Mancunians* Bolton: 'What a madlad, Here have 5,000 men to help'

[@pigraider09]

good for school work 🤓🏫😃

[@ryanmybutler]

Will you ever do the battle of Vimy ridge?

[@donfelipe7510]

The "battle outside Sunderland" that you refer to between the Earl of Newcastle and the Covenanter Scots could be one of several. After leaving Newcastle the Royalists fought delaying actions at a place called 'Boldon Hill' which is close to South Shields and on the road to Sunderland. Later still another skirmish occurred at Hylton which at the time was the highest crossing of the river Wear and site of a Norman castle. It has been suggested that because Newcastle remained staunchly Royalist whilst Sunderland allowed the Scottish army into the city is one possible reason for the bitter rivalry between the two cities, these days reflected on the football pitch most often. However while Newcastle was an old fortified city with walls and a castle Sunderland had no such defenses so putting up a fight against the Scots would have been fruitless I imagine.

[@TimZandbergen]

What is the name of the song that starts at 10:30? Thanks :)

[@allergy5634]

The discipline of the royalist cavalry is like that of a room of year 7 students when you take out a pack of sweets.

[@DutchSkeptic]

Down with the crown!

[@simonchandler9601]

The Birmingham band ‘The Electric Orchestra’ (ELO) immortalised the Battle of Marston Moor in a song dated 1971

[@2msvalkyrie529]

Can I recommend the novel Micah Clark by Arthur Conan Doyle ( yes ...THAT one ! ) . It is set during this period and is exciting and gives brilliant account of the atmosphere and characters involved. !!

[@Timo-tm6rj]

hey kings and generals team, what totalwar mod are you using in these videos? i tried to find it but couldnt

[@ElBandito]

"They started winning..." Me: Oh good. "Then they started plundering..." Me: Oh, no.

[@vianneyferrand2893]

Ah yes, I was looking forward to this, because I couldn't find anything really consistent about this war on the internet. Could you talk about Louis XIV's wars after that serie please ?

[@KingsandGenerals]

Down the line, it is planned!

[@vianneyferrand2893]

@@KingsandGenerals oh yes thank you so fucking much !

[@fratsan9979]

What is surprising to me is the very small number of soldiers.

[@pawefiedorowicz6789]

It's not the Kherson counteroffensive video, which I have been waiting for, but it will do :D hope you guys are working on that, though the situation is really dynamic. Cheers.

[@theoryofmarcus9065]

A man of note is the Earl of Derby, who tried to secure Lancashire for the Royalist cause in the early days of the war however Charles refused to help him. In 1642, Derby proceeded to attempt and assault on Manchester but was emboldened when he captured Preston. He then turned his sights on Bolton and Lancaster, failing to take both. In 1644, he would play a key role in the Bolton Massacre. This may have been emboldened, on his part due to his previous failure to capture the town though that is speculation. In late September 1651, he was captured and sentenced to death in Chester. He managed to escape but was recaptured and taken to Bolton where his sentence would be carried out. In the Man and Scythe pub, he was allowed a last meal and a drink before his execution. Why there? Well, it was owned by his own family. He was subsequently beheaded. The pub is still open to this day and the chair in which he had his last meal is still on site.

[@teovu5557]

random fun fact: 1644 is also the year the manchus conquered china and one of t he last times a major nation was conquered by horse archers.

[@brekezek]

As a French it is a conflict we barely know of the existence. Great work!

[@Palimbacchius]

Ask the average English person about the Fronde. You'll get blank looks.

[@jeremymorse43]

Can you revisit series like this one and the Viking invasions? Both came to have more coming but it's been years for some of the older content. The Pacific can wait

[@KingsandGenerals]

We will

[@malcolmmaciver7000]

Come on chaps Montrose's Royalists vs the Covenanters!

[@chillijoe8264]

they certainly did like a bit of plunder

[@billmasen3923]

Guys your map shows Wetherby being south of York where Scunthorpe is, when Wetherby is actually to the west of York

[@brokenbridge6316]

I remember hearing that prior to the American Civil War people were leaving the states for the West all because they feared Civil War was coming and didn't want to fight in it. Which is understandable. I wonder if a similar situation developed with the English Civil War.

[@bearnord4665]

What was the classical music used in this episode?

[@philtkaswahl2124]

Ambiguous orders are one of those little things that can have massive consequences on the battlefield.

[@christianlong-lo3jm]

I swear war tactics in England during this time was terrible there is no thought of outflanking or any deception in the army with their tactics it's just basically I'm an honorable soldier and I shall fight you head-on

[@veterankasrkin7416]

What is the song name at the beginning?

[@horizonScope]

Imagine if they had video clips back then 😳

[@neptune3569]

What music was used in the intro?

[@paulwood6729]

Loving this series but there are some basic errors creeping in. From York, Selby is to the south, Wetherby is the to the west (you've got it in Lincolnshire) and Marston Moor is between York & Wetherby, not to the south west.

[@dariolandi480]

I'm right now reading "Act of Oblivion" a quite good novel about these events, set in the aftermath of the war and of the restauration of a king on the the throne of England. The book narrates the hunt for the parliamentarians that issued and executed the death sentence of king Charles. But there is one thing I do not understand. In a part of the book set in the colonies in America, Scotsmen living there are presented as on the king's side while for what I understand during the war they were on the parliament's. How can this be?

[@joellaz9836]

After the king’s execution, the Scots went over to the royalist side. Also I’m reading that book by Robert Harris too

[@exploringhistoryuk6150]

Hiya guys will you be covering the battle off redbank apart off the civil wars, think it was the last major battle off the war? I'm not 100% on that fact