Battle of Pavia 1525 - Italian Wars DOCUMENTARY

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Kings and Generals animated historical documentary series on the Italian Wars continues with the aftermath of the War of the League of Cambrai and the battles of Battles of Novara and Marignano ( • Battles of Novara and ... ). Spain and France, as well as a number of states in Central Europe and Italy are vying over the control of the Italian Peninsula, leading to the Italian War of 1521-1526, also known as the 4 Years’ War and eventually to the famous battle of Pavia.
Hundred Years' War: • Battle of Crecy 1346 -...
Thirty Years' War: • Thirty Years' War - Wh...
Medieval Battles: • Early Muslim Expansion...
Wars of the Roses: • Wars of Roses 1455-148...
Third Crusade: • Third Crusade 1189-119...
Italian Wars #1 Fornovo: • Battle of Fornovo 1495...
Italian Wars #2 Cerignola and Garigliano: • Battles of Cerignola a...
Italian Wars #3 Ravenna: • Battle of Ravenna 1512...
Italian Wars #4 Novara and Marignano: • Battles of Novara and ...
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The video was made by MalayArcher ( / mathemedicupdates ) while the script was researched and written by Johan Melhus. This video was narrated by Officially Devin ( / @offydgg & kzbin.info/door/79s.... The art was created by Nargiz Isaeva. Machinimas made using Total War: Rome 2 and Attila, using Medieval Kingdom 1212AD mod
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#Documentary #ItalianWars #Pavia

[@KingsandGenerals]

The first 100 people to download Endel app.adjust.com/b8wxub6?campaign=kingsandgenerals_may&adgroup=youtube will get a free week of audio experiences! Italian Wars #1 Fornovo: kzbin.info/www/bejne/eaWXZHtpgrySeqM Italian Wars #2 Cerignola and Garigliano: kzbin.info/www/bejne/j5umZWZ7adychqs Italian Wars #3 Ravenna: kzbin.info/www/bejne/aoHSioWEab5npdE Italian Wars #4 Novara and Marignano: kzbin.info/www/bejne/hKncaJ6bj8aMi7c

[@goofyaahhhh]

IM THE FIRST REPLY LET'S GOOOOOO

[@febrian0079]

Please continue the series on crime syndicates Make a video about the history of the Russian mafia and the Mexican cartel

[@nationalistpanthera8003]

Sir, pls bring 1971 India-Pakistan war in Modern Conflict series. It's one and only rarest conflict where US 7th fleet , 2nd Task force-74 and Soviet Valdivostok Fleet stood face to face in Bay of Bengal. The war result in birth of a nation, Bangladesh.

[@nationalistpanthera8003]

I think 1971 third indo-pak war was politically Soviet's victory after facing losses in Middleast. Where In 1967 Arab-Israeli war / 6-day war , Soviet backed states "Arab coalition" faced lost the war

[@rasaffa3751]

@@nationalistpanthera8003 Yeah.. India-Pakistan conflicts are often left out when speaking about US-Soviet proxy war, even by most historians. While they made decisive changes in balance of Power in the region. As before 1971 Pakistan's size much larger was almost that of INDIA. I think Effects of 71 conflicts are felt even today in the region . As India is left as dominating Power in the region. Which today has good realtions with the US as both have common interests in countering China.

[@vaclavchylik2468]

"The Electors gladly took the french money and voted for Charles" This has to be the best line ever utterned in the history of this channel

[@faatehhyat3251]

savage.

[@leonzoful]

I'm going to do what's called a pro-gamer move*

[@worsethanjoerogan8061]

Based and redpilled

[@velstadtvonausterlitz2338]

🤣

[@3ndtkve449]

France got scamed big time

[@nenenindonu]

I like how post-Roman Italy was nothing but a mad max battleground for everyone in and outside the peninsula

[@digge2210]

We dont

[@aceshotz5051]

It’s funny because it was like that since 470 AD after the Visigoths sacked Rome again, then at one point the Ostrogoths took it from the Visigoths, then the Romans took it back under Belisarius then the Langobards and so on and so forth. Everyone wanted a slice of the greatest capital in the world

[@shinsenshogun900]

Slavs, Germans, Arabs, Norse, Turks, Spaniards… always plenty of fighting amongst fellow Italian princes, bishops, & consuls, and adventurous & zealous foreign despots and monarchs

[@mitjed]

And yet even as a battleground, Italy boast the most spectacular world heritage sites than any other country.

[@theawesomeman9821]

well that's the price for being popular at the time.

[@marcusantonius4121]

Fun fact: Richard de la Pole, nephew of Edward IV and Richard III and last member of the House of York to seek the English throne died fighting for Francis in this battle

[@firstnamelastname4249]

F

[@patrickjeffers7864]

Ironically the person with the best claim to the throne was Edward IV's daughter, who Henry Vll married

[@DidierDidier-kc4nm]

Yes he was one of the leader of schwarze band of landskenechte with the duc de lorraine .and both were killed at the head of their men. an English and french man leading a german troop .it s sum up mercenarism. of the time

[@firstnamelastname4249]

@@patrickjeffers7864 women couldn't inherit the Crown though at least prior to the death of Edward V

[@patrickjeffers7864]

@@firstnamelastname4249 actually there was never a law banning them from inheriting(it was avoided as much as possible however, see empress Matilda). And you could certainly inherit through females, which gave York(indeed all the plantagenets) the best claim

[@deteon1418]

This is a scary coincidence. Here in Sweden I had my national test in the English language this morning, and the battle of Pavia was mentioned in the test…

[@safeysmith6720]

Yeah, that’s so scary. Hope you’re gonna be ok!

[@rerek5984]

Your learning about the battle of pavia in sweden?

[@deteon1418]

@@rerek5984 Nah, it was mentioned as a minor part of a text which had a couple questions tied to it.

[@deteon1418]

@@safeysmith6720 Nah I’ll probably die tomorrow or something.

[@rerek5984]

@@deteon1418 oh okay

[@Jayako12]

Fun fact: the expression "this is a Bicocca" still remains in the Spanish language as a synonym of "a piece of cake", both in Europe and America.

[@cramw139]

I haven't heard it

[@ZhaoDrek]

ohhh siiii... nosotros la usamos en panama

[@Jayako12]

@@ZhaoDrek Did you know where it came from?

[@johngrocockpuigcerver]

The French: "Let's attack now, what's the worst that can happen?" Spaniards: *proceed to invent a popular say that will mock their attempt for centuries to come*

[@OscarPerez-hj2hx]

Never Heard it...

[@hakanevin8545]

This battle also led the way to the fall of Kingdom of Hungary: After his capture, Francis I was forced to sign the Treaty of Madrid. So he formed a formal Franco-Ottoman alliance with Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent as an ally against Charles V. The French-Ottoman strategic, and sometimes tactical, alliance lasted for about three centuries. To relieve the Habsburg pressure on France, in 1525 Francis asked Suleiman to make war on the Holy Roman Empire, and the road from Turkey to the Holy Roman Empire led across Hungary. The request of the French king coincided well with the ambitions of Suleiman in Europe and gave him an incentive to attack Hungary in 1526, leading to the Battle of Mohács. In the Battle of Mohács, Hungarians were defeated decisively, their army was annihilated and 20 year old King Louis II (Lajos) of Hungary died while retreating from the battlefield. This was the end of the independent Kingdom of Hungary as a unified entity. [Summarized from Wikipedia]

[@michaelbuchinger6191]

Hungary then was inherited by the Habsburgs if I am not mistaken.

[@kayagurcu2814]

@@michaelbuchinger6191 Bulk of Kingdom of Hungary has been occupied by Ottomans. An Ottoman vassal state established in eastern part of Hungary including Buda (modern day Budapest). After that, Habsburgs joined the party and laid claim to throne of this vassal state. This was an act of war and of course Ottomans marched forward against Habsburgs. They protected Buda against Austrians then turned Buda and the castles around the border into Ottoman outposts. These conflicts did proceed to first siege of Vienna during the reign of Suleiman.

[@vit968]

Charlie V should've just kept Frankie I locked in his basement and never let him out.

[@user-pj1fd4es9y]

@@vit968 no u

[@napoleonbuonaparte8975]

@@kayagurcu2814 The siege failed and eventually the Habsburgs were able to claim the Hungarian crown trough a royal mariage between the HR emperor and the queen of bohemia though.

[@moualteatro]

To this day the term "Bicoca" is used in Spain to define something as easy to win ,on the other hand in France it has the meaning of something disastrous or a ruined house. The Spanish records says that only 1 soldier died on the Imperial side and was killed due a kick of a mule , not in the battle. Bicoca marks the new era of warfare where mass use of arquebuses changed the rules of war forever. Pavia was a huge victory for the Empire , the French army and most of their nobility was destroyed and the King of France was captured alive., its arguably the most crushing defeat in the whole history of France.

[@alexandrebenoin40]

comparable with Crecy, Azincourt and Sedan (1870)

[@CptFoupoudav]

Once in a while we need a good kicking to wake up and stop rest on our laurels. Never heard of the term bicoca tho, must have died out, "la berezina" define the same thing and is alive to this day.

[@alexandrebenoin40]

@@ChevyChase301 i hesitate with leipzig but not all the army was destroyed or captured at Leipzig, even if it has worst consequences than Crecy

[@alexandrebenoin40]

@@CptFoupoudav but in fact la berezina is more a miracle than once again show the genius of Napoleon in the worst moments

[@morewi]

@@alexandrebenoin40 the french lost at Sedan in WW2 as well I believe

[@gabrielboi3465]

Legend says that during this battle an Italian dish called "Zuppa alla pavese" (Pavia-style soup) was invented. It is said that when Francis I was captured, he was held prisoner in a nearby farm, and the woman who used to work the land had to prepare, with the poor ingedients they had, (Just bread, eggs, broth, and a bit of butter) a dish worth for a king. The king eventually liked the soup and the dish became popular in france as well. Fun fact n.2: the farm where Francis the 1st was held captive is still standing to this day, in the countryside near pavia, it has a marble stone commemorating the fact. I had the luck to see it while on the train, as it rests near the railway.

[@brokenbridge6316]

How nice

[@Khaine87]

As a french I've never heard of it. But I'm much more familiar with the "veau Marengo" recipe, named after the battle won by Napoléon ^^

[@TheFrenchscot]

I am from France and i never heard about this soup. But maybe the name changed with time? Afterall, all soup recipes have different names depending on the country.

[@gabrielboi3465]

@@TheFrenchscot maybe it was more popular in the past but not now, even today in italy the dish is mostly known in the region of Lombardy, where the battle took place It's good tho

[@TheFrenchscot]

@@gabrielboi3465 Thanks, i will check it! It's always good to learn new things. And i would never doubt about the ability of Italy to produce good dishes ;) All the best.

[@ddddd9665]

Its amazing to me that this occurred 5 years AFTER Cortes conquered the Aztecs in Mexico and 3 years after the completion of the Magellan-Elcano expedition. The Italian wars seem so medieval while the New World conquests seem so early modern.

[@leonzoful]

Yes and no. In the conquest of the New World, there was barely any use of modern arms such as cannons and arcabusiers, or any of the new battle doctrines like the Tercio. In contrast, those were use in the Italian wars decisively and the Tercios were perfectioned there.

[@ddddd9665]

Thanks for your reply but I was not referring to battle tactics at all. I was referring to my personal fascination that the age of exploration overlapped with the age of chivalry. Specifically, I find it amazing that the French King was riding into battle with a lance in full plate armor at a time when the globe had already been circumnavigated and some Native Americans had already been colonized. This is because New World colonization is a hallmark of a later time while Knights are a hallmark of an earlier time. It’d be nice if we could all enjoy history without the incessant need correct each other…

[@leonzoful]

@@ddddd9665 I mean no disrespect, it's just that I find it to be the opposite. The Italian wars, the Ottoman wars, and the Wars of religion are the bringers of a new era, while the Conquest of the New World could be seen as a remanecense of the days of old. Those ancient times in which the Romans would conquer the Barbarians or the Greeks would conquer and expand their culture to the end of the known world; it has more of a mythological air to it.

[@leonzoful]

@@mcs699 no

[@iuliuscaesar9078]

The Spaniards playing in God mode:

[@Falconslash3]

"The French king ordered a charge." Here we go again.

[@Pure_Havoc]

outside of Napoleon, I wonder if there was ever a French cavalry charge that actually works. Theyre sill my favorite faction in Medieval

[@CptFoupoudav]

@@Pure_Havoc It did work most of the time until they faced exeptionnal events such as soaked wet muddy terrain and facing a new technology en masse (arquebuse héhé)

[@noidea5984]

​@@Pure_Havoc Battle of Patay

[@Falconslash3]

@@Pure_Havoc In all fairness it's King & Generals, we've seen a bunch of failed French cavalry charges because when it fails it's spectacular.

[@nolletthibault2031]

@@Falconslash3 Confirmation bias : literally everyone charges the enemy at some point or another, and no one sees it as stupid when the Spanish or English do it. But if the French do it, they're dumb and arrogant and idiotic.

[@Bassist2295]

I live in Pavia, in one of the farmhouses around which the battle was fought, and very close to where Francis I was held prisoner, 5 mins from the Castle of Mirabello, and it is astonishing how big was the private park of the duke of Milan. Also, the castle of Pavia stands today, with one of the 4 sides fully destroyed by the french artillery.

[@abcdef27669]

"I can at least agree in one thing with my cousin, Francis I... He wants to win this war, and I want to win, too". - Charles I of Spain, and V of the HRE.

[@abcdef27669]

You can make an entire series only about the reign of Charles I and V, with all his battles. Our "Chin Guy" was always fighting against other powers, from France to the Ottoman Empire. "I must be the most ambicious man in the world, because I just want a moment of peace!" - Charles I and V.

[@francisp171]

I live in pavia so an episode on the rich history of my city is always apreciated.

[@lazios]

The saddest thing for an Italian, seen with today's eyes, it wasn't that Italy was a battlefield (it was normal, was a very rich country, the city-states and as if it was not enough there was the Pope) but that, while the Spaniards fought for Spain, the French for France and also the Germans, even if divided, at least had the HRE (the Swiss, even in those days, knew how to make money), we (Italians) were always divided and one against the other, the only who gained something, as usual, was the Pope and maybe a 'bit even the condottieri (but at least they risked and died on the battlefield, weren't safe in Vatican). Even today, despite the Risorgimento and fascism (that like all dictatorships was centralized and unitary), we are divided like no other european countries probably (sometimes in a serious way, sometimes less). Sorry for "eng" (I use Google).

[@yessir2514]

Hello, what can you tell me about Milan and Venice?

[@lazios]

@@yessir2514 Sorry, I don't speak English but even if I spoke it perfectly how can I talk about something that has lasted centuries in a comment? You're basically asking me an impossible thing, just the Serenissima (ie the Venice Republic) it has almost 1000 years old history. What you can do (if you're interested) is to read the medieval Italian history, the city-states etc (also on wiki, only to have a idea of what we are talking about), there you can read a lot about the Duchy of Milan and/or the Venice Republic. 🍺

[@yessir2514]

@@lazios I know about Milan and Venice but never heard Italian opinions about them. venice is wealthy through trade meanwhile Milan invented the most popular style of knight armor, they also had good gunpowder weapons. I am looking for sort of stereotypes about them during the renaissance.

[@lazios]

@@yessir2514 My english is too bad to talking about something so complicated. What I can say is that (if things had gone the way it should have after the fall of the Roman Empire) Italy would have been a unitary state even before than UK, France or Spain and Italian and European history would have been different, but (also) for this failure we have to thank above all the Pope (because the Lombards were Arians, therefore heretics for the Catholics and the Pope). So it went differently, the Pope called Charlemagne, there was the first Holy Roman Empire and led to the multiple states of the peninsula, who fighting each other and almost always under foreign or papal rule (another thing for which we must especially thank the Pope). However, said this, it must also be said that at least until 1600, Italy (albeit divided) was still much richer than any European state from every point of view, economic, cultural, etc (in fact everyone wanted it). Regarding the Serenissima and the Duchy of Milan, it can be said that they were, without doubt, among the richest and most important Italian states (especially Venice, which not by chance fought for a long time with the Turks for domination of trade with the Orient). Obviously, as everyone knows, the discovery of America changed everything, in fact when I write 1600 (about Italy) I mean that it was still rich but its decline was already beginning and power (money included) moved from the Mediterranean and from the Italian cities-states to Portugal and Spain first, and to English and French hands then. I know I've written (confusingly surely) things you already know but honestly I couldn't quite understand the meaning of your question about Milan and Venice, so I tried to make a (very very very superficial) historical fresco on the Italian peninsula of the medieval age. 🍺

[@yessir2514]

@@lazios So the Spanish Empire created a new seaward trade from a newfound continent and now the Italian states have a new competitor from the Atlantic. Thank you for your statements they are exactly what I'm looking for. If my opinion is presented. I think without the doubt that Italy is still a good state compared to the mongols. They have high population density which will aid europe in the future even if per say they lack a bit in terms for capacity in war.

[@youtuber-tg1pu]

This man churns out high-level military strategy content every other day, massive props man. This is the best channel I've seen in ages.

[@pascal9055]

Francis: "Summon the elector counts!" Aide-de-Camp: "Sire, they voted for the other guy..." Francis: "Merde..."

[@shinsenshogun900]

Do mind that they’re also varied by rank and feudal type

[@pascal9055]

@@shinsenshogun900 you my not know the reference haha. It’s from Warhammer Total War.

[@FACM.]

I'M PRINCE AND EMPEROR

[@shinsenshogun900]

@@pascal9055 Bruh, that world was lucky it had imperial counts for electors, don'cha lecture me about a game brand that I love To summon the electors of this world's medieval holy roman empire, one must damn recite their respective titles

[@aleksapetrovic6519]

Who calls?

[@MrDumbledick]

My wife is a high school teacher. I am now sequencing your videos with in accordance with her lesson plans. She says that teaching geography and AP Euro History when she does this and frame it as a modern day reality show/family feud, she’s able to keep their attention.

[@yajamanvamsikrishna509]

Make sure to credit him

[@MrDumbledick]

@@yajamanvamsikrishna509 of course! They were surprised at the sub count for a “boring” channel. Well those suckers are apparently asking why Francis made so many ruinous assumptions in his campaigns. He dumb.

[@docock3493]

Oh look...Pavia...my city. Fun Fact: According to tradition when Francis I of France was taken prisoner he was brought to a nearby farm for refreshment (Cascina Repentita). Legend says that a peasant woman, finding nothing better to serve the illustrious guest, made a soup with the poor ingredients she had available at the moment, thus cooking a soup now known as "Zuppa alla Pavese", which became a sort of provincial dish in that part of Italy. Find online and try to cook. It's not bad.

[@warpigs9069]

Is it true you all have a pavise shield and crossbow in every household?

[@anderaristondo1259]

One of my best friends is an Urbieta. A direct male line descendent of the man who captured the French king.

[@ArturoRodriguez-gb2uv]

A friend of mine is a Pita da Veiga, direct male line descendant of one the men who captured Francis I of France. The capture was performed by three men at arms attacking at once: Juan de Urbieta, Alonso Pita da Veiga, and Diego Dávila. The three men received letters from the Count of Salm certifying their actions, and letters from Francis I thanking their honourable conduct. The Pita da Veiga family still have Francis' note, Salm's note, and the original grant of arms from Charles V.

[@anderaristondo1259]

@@ArturoRodriguez-gb2uv El abuelo de mi amigo también conserva esos documentos.

[@ArturoRodriguez-gb2uv]

@@anderaristondo1259 No jodas. Esos documentos llevaban tiempo ilocalizables. La última noticia que se tiene de ellos fue la transcripción que hizo el marqués de la Fuensanta del Valle a mediados del siglo XIX.

[@anderaristondo1259]

@@ArturoRodriguez-gb2uv Quizá no los tres documentos, pero me suena que si que guardaban alguno de ellos. Creo que la carta de Francisco I. Pero cuando le vea le preguntaré para aclararlo.

[@ArturoRodriguez-gb2uv]

@@anderaristondo1259 Estaría muy bien que tuviese los tres, o cualquiera de ellos.

[@cenkiss2331]

I have learned about this by continually playing medieval 2 demo. It was such a great experience in 2006.

[@sartanawillpay7977]

The picture of Francesco Guicciardini at 6:49 is really a famous painting of Sir Thomas More, he is even wearing the chain of office of the Lord Chancellor of England. Checking google images there is one indeed page that mislabels the Moore painting as the Italian but it shows many accurate images of Francesco Guicciardini.

[@gabrielefarina9517]

Up, I was about to write the same

[@mitchhayner9117]

UP, I caught that, too. Johan - this is one of the best channels on YT, but let's make this correction.

[@MalayArcher]

I’m the animator of this video and yes that was my error on my end. I couldn’t blame google image search entirely and i should be diligent next time. Thank you for pointing that out. We will fix in the complete version.

[@specialnewb9821]

Siglo de Oro Spain is one of my favorite periods! Looking forward to this one! 🇪🇸

[@ZeekoWay]

The Landsknecht Leader of the German side was called Jörg von Frundsberg and one of the most famous Landsknecht songs is about him and the battle of Pavia - "Jörg von Frundsberg führt uns an" or "Lerman vor Pavia"

[@honestlordcommissarbrighte7921]

The Italian Wars. Fought bitterly for over 30 years by the Holy Roman Empire and France. Both sides claim ties by blood and deed to various Italian city states and seek dominion over all of Italy. Spain, joining forces with the Holy Roman Empire prompted a desparate France to launch an all out assault on Milan, the wealthiest Italian state. After successfully wresting Milan from Imperial control, King Francis moves his French army towards the last corner of Imperial resistance. The city of Pavia. King Francis waits in his camp with his formidable Gendarmes cavalry, near the main road into Pavia. He has deployed the majority of his army across the park, including a force of infantry to guard Mirabello manor. The greatest challenge awaiting the Imperial force is the heavily-guarded French cannons, positioned to protect the French King. However, all hope is not lost for Pavia's Imperial garrison. Even now, General Charles de Lannoy leads a relieving army of Imperial and Spanish troops. Amongst them musketeers and arquebusiers equipped with new, powerful firearms. Under orders from General de Lannoy, the Spanish army boldly moves to destroy the French cannons to the left of the manor. The Imperial forces move toward the French King's camp, determined to capture or kill the French sovereign. The Spanish musketeers shoulder their arms and move to support their Imperial comrades, bracing for the bloody battle to come. The situation for the Holy Roman Empire is desperate, but defeat against the ambitious French is not an option. Here. Today. At Pavia. THE EMPIRE MUST PREVAIL!

[@Mrkabrat]

Apparently in the battle of Pavia it was a basque from the province of Gipuzkoa, Juan de Urbieta (surname roughly meaning "Place with two waters" in basque) who captured the king of france

[@jaohonaxa]

To be fair to the Swiss, Bicocca seems to be one of the few times in this conflict where attacking the well-defended enemy didn't work out.

[@leonzoful]

That and the use of new battle doctrines made it a lost battle since the beginning.

[@michaelsinger4638]

This is one of the events that led to the Franco-Ottoman Alliance.

[@ninjaa6952]

@KHABIB ** TIME Islam is a tool of destruction its eradication is near.

[@iuliuscaesar9078]

It was because of their envy and fear of the Spanish Empire and its brotherhood with the Holy Roman Empire.

[@atarashii]

was waiting for this battle for so long! anyone else remember playing this battle in the medieval 2 total war demo?

[@thomasclement1228]

You did cover this battle 3 years ago! That’s why the setup seemed familiar but W the quality obviously increased, good work

[@arturs2436]

Interessting or curious use of the 1527 Holbein portrait of Sir Thomas More to represent Francesco Guicciardini on 6:51

[@giraipiano8101]

The history of Italy and France has always been interesting to me. Greetings to everyone from Azerbaijan.

[@luxhistoriae1172]

They are two of the most inter mixed European nation both culturally and ethnically talking.

[@giraipiano8101]

@@luxhistoriae1172 Yes, their languages ​​are similar. I love french very much but it is very difficult to learn so i am trying to learn spanish.

[@ayltonsalazarpoma5433]

@@giraipiano8101 el español es el más hablado

[@alchemist6098]

Thank you for this video. I am familiar with English history from the Norman invasion and a bit about French history of the same period, but my understanding of the post Roman history of Europe is vague. My mother was born in Milan and often told us told us stories about Lombardy’s history. These stories remain a jumble in my mind. I am trying to remedy my confusion as my heritage is from northern Italy as my paternal grandparents were born in Schio, a small town north east of Lake Garda. Fortunately, the internet, including your channel, has been an excellent and entertaining teacher. My discipline is chemistry, but I love history, too.

[@EighthDormant]

Interesting also the description of the battle of the Bicocca. The Bicocca is a Renaissance hunting pavilion still existing near to the Pirelli offices, and it gives the name to the entire neighborhood of “Bicocca” which is part of Milan today, and that’s where I live.😊

[@KenDelloSandro7565]

The icon of Francesco Guicciardini is actually the most famous portrait of st Thomas More of England.

[@yangli7970]

Looking forward to the rest of the series

[@ofallmyintention9496]

I love this period pretty much all across Europe. Great video.

[@Uzair_Of_Babylon465]

Fantastic video keep it up your doing amazing job

[@rheadagurayanyongco2879]

Great insight into the Battle of Pavia! The detailed account of the conflict and its aftermath provides valuable historical context. It's fascinating to see how such pivotal events shaped the course of European history during the Italian Wars.

[@yourmaninlondoncollecting5749]

Phew... there was an insane power struggle in Europe in those times. Great video and narrative 🙂👍

[@VH25]

Keep it up guys love you’re content!

[@Jesse_Dawg]

I love this series. Please more

[@SavTheIdiot.]

Very nice video! I love it, keep up the very good work!

[@huseyincobanoglu531]

Thank you Kings and Generals Team!

[@brokenbridge6316]

I had a feeling on who would win from the start. Nice video. My compliments to all those who made this video a reality.

[@samwill7259]

Imagine your own soldiers going so kill crazy that you have to cut them down in order to take your enemy hostage. I mean...they got the message, if anything they were TOO enthusiastic.

[@firstnamelastname4249]

Killing the King of France is very very very expensive both morally and financially at least by the 16th century standards

[@joaopedrogambarellineves9609]

After the battle, he defeated and imprisoned Francis I in his desperate search for allies, he did something that at the time seemed unthinkable, he begged for the help of the Ottomans. The Swiss historian Carl Jacob Burckhardt (1891 - 1974) called "the sacrilegious union of the lily and the crescent", the alliance marked the first major undertaking between the Ottoman Empire and the Great Kingdoms of Europe. I would really like to see a documentary video made by you about this event, thanks and keep up the good work!

[@seanpoore2428]

Yesss!! Loving this series!

Although the main point of the video is the battles themselves, I must admit that I love seeing how you describe the political and strategic situation in the different maps that you show, being my favorite part of the video, you gave an excellent summary. The battle of Biocca is an example of why you cannot trust in making up the backbone of your army with mercenaries like the Swiss, the French paid dearly for that mistake; and with respect to Pavia (which is a fairly decisive battle by leaving control of Lombardy in Spanish hands), it seems to me an acceptable description, based on what you say about the contradictions that exist in the sources, an example being the debate of the number of the forces (others say that there were 32,000 on the French side, while on the Imperial side there were 22,000 outside the city) and the exact place of the combat, since the books I have read put the main confrontation in the northwest near Mirabello Castle, while to the East (the place where in the video you put the main confrontation) it is said that only the confrontation between the Landsknechts and the Swiss took place (the Germans, after defeating them, moved to the place where the main battle took place), everything else is practically the same as you describe: the entry of the Imperial army, the capture of Mirabello and the capture of the Spanish cannons. What I do think should be corrected in the video is that the Marquis of Pescara was not inside Pavia, but in his place was Antonio de Leyva, who remained under the command of the Garrison; Pescara, on the other hand, personally directed the entrance to the Park at dawn and the battle itself, which at first was only planned as a skirmish to cover the entry of supplies into the city, while leaving the French in a bad position to withstand the winter, forcing them to retreat, however in the end it became a huge pitched battle due to the determined French reaction.

[@TheButterBee74]

Such a complex historical event, but yet again, explained in a clear and fun way !

[@robbabcock_]

Great video! What a tempestuous period of European history.

[@garbancitolentejas486]

Congratulations. Great video.

[@aliosman0]

Fantastic again!

[@MarnixvanOort]

The Duke of Gelre was called Charles (not Charles the Second) van Egmond. He fought in the Guelders Wars (de Gelderse Oorlogen) in the Low Countries with his Frisian allies against the Habsburg crown. It would be amazing if you guys could make a series about that war, which in my opninion has been overshadowed immensely by the 80 Years War, which started not long after.

[@justinleecw]

He was called Charles the Second because Charles, last Valois Duke of Burgundy, bought the Duchy in 1473, so Charles van Egmond was the second Charles to be Duke of Gelre.

[@tqzama1421]

Great vid as usual guys, well done. Any chance you guys can put together something about the Assyrian-Kushite Wars. Not only does it feature hostilities between two fascinating yet extremely underrated civilizations (ancient Kush and the Neo-Assyrian empire) it's also one of the few ancient conflicts from those regions that are pretty well detailed. I've even read Pharaoh Taharqa's personal accounts from his engagements with the Assyrians. So should be doable, right? Right??

[@TheFiresloth]

Your videos are always great, but seeing this battle twice was just too sad for me.

[@alvaro4867]

The Italian Wars are probably the peak of Spanish military dominion in Europe. Time and time again Spain time came out on top in this conflicts, despite gradually loosing allies and gaining enemies. It has always seemed super weird to me how Emperor Carlos is not more talked about outside of Spain and Germany, in my opinion he is a figure on par with any of the great emperors and conquerors of history. Loving the series btw.

[@brrrrrtenjoyer]

Wdym? He's definitely talked outside of both Spain and Germany. The man owned Europe for a good 2 decades.

[@sahipkran9447]

Yeah, a great man who did not have the guts to confront Suleiman. What a dominion, what a great emperor. :)

[@alvaro4867]

@@sahipkran9447 ??? wym. Emperor Charles lead several campaigns against the Turks during the times of Suleiman. Or do you mean facing him face to face to fence to the death??? Was that even an option at any point?

[@sahipkran9447]

@@alvaro4867 Suleiman called for an open battle, he even wrote him letters, belittleling him. Well, it's unimportant since charles accepted being at the same rank as the Grand Vizier, calling only Suleiman emperor, accepting Hungary as Ottoman dominion and paying Suleiman tributes (Treaty of Constantinople 1533 and 1547, some call the latter the Treaty of Adrianopel). Submission does no go hand in hand with dominion.

[@alvaro4867]

@@sahipkran9447 Wow thats revisionism if I have ever seen it xd. Charles was fighting the French, which were allied with the Turks, thats why he left the eastern front to his brother. Then he had to fight his rebel princes in the wars of religion but for the most part Charles V occupied with the Spanish posessions of the Habsburg and Ferdinand with the German ones.

[@rasulpourjafar]

This series are amazing 👌

[@stepanpytlik4021]

Was thinking about this just yesterday.

[@paulmusyk4lyfe51]

Thank you for reporting on Italy!

[@destroyer0685]

The success of Spanish and Imperial arms at Pavia is a tribute to the doctrinal changes of Gonzalo de Cordoba, El Gran Capitan. It was he who changed the battlefield equation by introducing more aquebushes into the Spanish army. He believed that the outcome of wars was when your opponents army was destroyed. It is assumed that the principal Spanish commanders at Pavia started their careers as junior officers under De Cordoba or had been taught by his subordinates. Either way Pavia is a master piece.

[@specialnewb9821]

Yes he was brilliant!

[@sidnjal12223]

Keep up the good work ❤️

[@arvinshkoza8884]

Great Video Kings And Generals. You are Number one 👑 ! Great Offensive 🇹🇷 (1922) And Kosovo War 🇽🇰🇦🇱 Please !

[@ApocalypseWow]

Awesome! Wonder with The Northman out in theaters will you guys do a Vikings series?

[@dberdiales11s]

Amazing video, you could have talked about the Spanish tercio, created a few years before and really effective at bicoca and pavia

[@wyihupoip8105]

Great videos! Would like to see a documentary of the Haitian revolution which was an epic war. I think you would make it even more epic. Also the muslim conquest of Spain will also be a epic one to watch.

[@firstconsul7286]

I just watched the other Italian Wars videos and the old Pavia video yesterday, and was thinking, "They must be making a new Pavia video" , and here it is!

[@Eldred15]

Spain and France: Hey Germans and Italians which side would you like to fight on? Germans and Italians: Yes.

[@iuliuscaesar9078]

The Germans went with the Spanish for the brotherhood of the Spanish Empire with the Holy Roman Empire, both being their King Carlos I / Karl V.

[@brrrrrtenjoyer]

Germans probably sided with the Spanish.

[@Alounas]

​@@iuliuscaesar9078 Even the Italians supported the Spaniards because their king was the same as the king of Spain and the Emperor of Germany, Charles V

[@-RONNIE]

Thanks 👍🏻

[@markusskram4181]

I love Your videos

[@iuliuscaesar9078]

Spain already controlled Naples and Sicily and after this and capturing Francis with the decisive victory of the Hispanic Monarchy won hegemony in Europe and in Christianity. Francis I later allied himself with the Pope to fight against the Hispanic Monarchy and the Holy Roman Empire, which caused Charles V to attack and loot Rome in 1527 (Sack of Rome). This came to an end when Francis's children were imprisoned in Madrid and the Cambrai peace treaty was signed, known as the peace of the ladies, since it was Louise de Savoie, and Margarita de Austria who carried out the negotiations, the result was that Spain obtained the Milanese, Burgundy, Flanders, Artois and Lens.

[@somestormcloakwithanarrowo4671]

Just wondering, have you made a video about the war of the bucket?

[@nanderwinthant1655]

The Italian wars are like not seemingly stopping drama episodes with new and unexpected results every time one side engage the other!

[@juandeaustrias2233]

Excellent video, just a small detail that was ringing to me a bit, namely the suppose death of the Chevalier de Bayard who did not die until several years later defending his lands in France, ironically located in the Provence region.

[@manuelapollo7988]

Such a great work! Can you imagine how strong Italy would have been if it was a united country? That's obviously a very wild fantasy

[@agiosromylos1315]

It's one of our greatest missed opportunities (if not the greatest). By the late 15th century the Italian states, separately taken, were the wealthiest and most powerful states in Europe, but instead of uniting they kept allying with foreign powers against each other and ended up getting played themselves. Many successful commanders of France, Spain and the HRE were actually Italians during this time (Pippo Spano, Prospero Colonna, Giangiacomo Trivulzio, to name a few).

[@mattgrandich3977]

@8:31 The music is so intense here, feels like the build up to some great catastrophe.

[@collintrytsman3353]

very entertaining as usual

[@lerneanlion]

King Charles: I am the Caesar of the Romans! Grand Prince Vasily III: I am the Caesar of the Romans! Sultan Suleiman: I am the Caesar of the Romans! All three of them at once: No! I am the TRUE Caesar of the Romans!

[@alexandrebenoin40]

what it has to do with the video ?

[@lerneanlion]

@@alexandrebenoin40 Because while Francis cannot claim the title anymore, Charles has two more contenders with sort of better legitimate claims than him to deal with.

[@alexandrebenoin40]

@@lerneanlion vasily 3 was mostly a joke and ottomans weren’t in the same competition

[@lerneanlion]

@@alexandrebenoin40 What do you mean that the Sultan is not in the same competition? Sultan Suleiman claimed that he is the Emperor because his capital is Constantinople, which was taken by his great grandfather, Sultan Mehmed II, who claimed the Ottoman Empire as the Third Rome and himself as the new Roman Emperor after the death of Constantine.

[@plusultra4961]

someone burns the heretic who commented before me

[@wandererkent]

The EUIV soundtrack fits perfectly with the video!

[@coleman_trebor0]

Italy exists European countries: “It’s free real estate”

[@michealohaodha9351]

Quick question, would anyone know the name of the piece of music beginning at 4:32? Iconic

[@grantkarnopp2445]

Pretty sure the image the video displays for Francesco Guicciardini is actually of Thomas More, may want to update or offer a caveat for accuracies sake. Great video!

[@vasbendeguz7152]

I think Francesco somehow has the portrait of Thomas Morus by Hans Holbein. Otherwise a great summary!

[@hindolmukherjee1191]

The manner in which narrator transitioned from the intro to the sponsorship was sooo smooth 👍

[@jessejojojohnson]

Hey! At 6:50, the person shown as Francesco Guicciardini is actually Thomas More

[@enlilofnippur8409]

Which video game was used to create the footage of soldiers (e.g., at 5:00 in)?

[@theodinkel4050]

@6:48 Why do you have St Thomas More depicted as an army commander?

[@pakshirajan8585]

Please make a video on Gurjara-Pratihara Empire (c. 550-1036 CE)

[@lukefleetwood7958]

You have used the wrong image for Francesco Guicciardini, the one you have used is Hans Holbein's painting of Sir Thomas More.

[@E_A_T_S]

I’m not sure if I’m right about this, but I’m sure the picture at 6:49 is of English philosopher/minister Thomas More

[@manuelapollo7988]

Will you cover until the sack of Rome or even beyond that?

[@talonryckert6084]

Now the Landsknecht song about this battle is stuck in my head

[@sartanawillpay7977]

Tra-la-la-la-la-la-la

[@istvansipos9940]

20:31 what's that wooden frame on those cannons? I often see it on artillery pieces of this time period. thanks, anybody

[@pp-wo1sd]

I believe it's there to help elevate the gun

[@abcdef27669]

Francis I: "There is no way they would attack... It is too audacious..." A french commander with common sense, replying the king: "There are spaniards in their ranks... To them, it just another tuesday".

[@battlepans1927]

As someone with family roots in Abruzzo, and with family from Vasto in particular, I am very pleased by how well the condottieri from Abruzzo performed.

[@radojebojic3053]

At 6:57 is that picture of sir Thomas More? With Francesco Is that a mistake or i am making mistake because it is a small portrait.

[@KingsandGenerals]

We made a mistake

[@radojebojic3053]

@@KingsandGenerals Even the best one's make a mistake so no worry! I mean this as a compliment.

[@TheAnriii]

Does anyone know what the music around 4:40 is from? Have been wondering for a while.

[@bigcat5348]

Why did you use a picture of St. Thomas More for Francesco Guicciardini?

[@edgarhernandez144]

The image of Guiggiardini is really the image of St. Thomas More