Rise of the Ottoman Empire - Bapheus 1302 - Medieval DOCUMENTARY

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Kings and Generals began remaking its animated historical documentary on the history of the Ottoman empire with the early rise of the Ottoman beylik under Osman I. In this video we will cover the early origins of the beylik, its status among the Muslim states in Anatolia and its early clashes against the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire at Bapheus and Dimbos in 1302. In this series we are planning to cover every major battle of the Ottoman empire, including Kosovo, Nicopolis, Ankara, Varna, 2nd Kosovo, Constantinople, Belgrade, Targoviste, Otlukbeli, Vaslui, Valea Alba, Skanderbeg's rebellion, Breadfield, Krbava, Otranto, Chaldiran, the Ottoman-Mamluk War of 1516-1517, siege of Rhodes in 1522, Mohacs of 1526, Vienna of 1529, Preveza, Gorjani, Castelnuovo, Buda, Eger, Malta, Szigetvar, Famagusta, Lepanto and much, much more!
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The video was made by Ilhan Altunkaya, while the script was researched and written by Ege Güneş ( / ottomanhistoryhub . This video was narrated by Officially Devin ( / @offydgg & www.youtube.co.... The art was created by Nargiz Isaeva. Machinimas by MalayArcher on Total War: Attila engine.
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#Documentary #Ottomans #Byzantines

[@KingsandGenerals]

Click here tiege.com/kingsandgenerals to get 30% off your first Tiege Hanley box plus a FREE gift! Also, give some love to the author of this video and subscribe to his channel if you want to learn more about the history of the Ottomans: kzbin.info

[@yaralikatil]

From what Pachymeres wrote, about the only thing we can surmise of the Turk he called Ataman is that he was a warrior. With the Sangarius (Sakarya) River raids and the victory at Bapheus, Turkish warriors came from far and wide to join him.7 Ataman laid siege to Nicaea and, though he was not able to take the city, subjected the surrounding area to raids, killing many, taking some captive, the tur ish flood 9 and scattering the rest. He did take several other fortresses and fortified towns in the Sangarius valley, using them to store his plunder. Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press., pp 8-9 Ibn Battuta claimed to have met Orhan, “the greatest of the kings of the Turkmens and the richest in wealth, lands and military forces.” Orhan “fought with the infidels continually,” and moved regularly between his more than one hundred castles, checking that they were in good repair, never staying more than a month in any one place.12 Ibn Battuta’s impression of Orhan as engaged in incessant combat is emphatically supported by Greek writers who left accounts. Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press., pp 11

[@BoraCM]

ı is pronounced as the upside-down e (schwa) in the IPA. Apart from that, I was impressed by the good pronunciations.

[@christhomson8924]

I LOVE YOU GUYS- MORE OTTOMAN VIDEOS PLEASEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE

[@williamlaurent2857]

Will you cover Alexios Philanthropenos and the byzantine Empire over the period 1261-1301 ?

[@minghan3431]

Is that how Nicea is pronounced 7:56

[@hazorg16]

Ottomans were very lucky in the sense of producing consecutive capable military leaders. Out of the first 10 Ottoman leaders 9 of them are definitely excellent marshals. Osman, Orhan, Murad I Hüdevandigar, Bayezid I the Thunderbolt, Mehmet I, Murad II, Mehmet II the Conquerer, Selim I the Grim and Suleyman I the Lawgiver have all almost exclusively dominated on the battlefield and shown high adaptability in terms of technology and administration as well. Early Ottoman dynasty is definitely an interesting family of the late middle ages.

[@Hammadz-li]

later they fucked up cuz after selim ii they stoped sending princes to provences for fear of rebelion it stopped any reblions from happening but it also meant the sultan had zero XPs in ruling

[@saadshoaib901]

Lucky? The conditions were perfect It was like they were destined to do this

[@trapzed5331]

My guy really said lucky. All the Sultans were great just because of luck :D

[@emirhank50823]

It's not luck. Ottoman Sultans were sending their sons to military trainings that named 'Sancak' also Ottoman Şehzades (Princes) were taking too good teaches about everything like languages, history, math, how to rule a country, war tactics, weapons, technology etc. So it was not luck, it was their system to theirselves.

[@firstnamelastname4249]

@@emirhank50823 yeah the first 10 Sultans were great by their own merit but shitty succession rules fear of Rebellion overreliance on their Grand vizirs and the janissaries pretty much crippled the Dynasty, I wonder sometimes what if the likes of Osman II Murad IV and Mustafa II would've done had they had a better circumstances...

[@aslanbayramuqlany6189]

Ertugrul and Osman story give off such Mount and Blade vibes: Enroll to serve the local King with your band of warriors Raid enemy's territory Participate in campaigns with other chiefs Be gifted some villages for your accomplishments Take your first castle and make it your base Marry your friend's daughter. Gain support from other chiefs Declare independence Start campaign to seize your first capital.

[@fatihersayn6692]

Mount and Blade is a Turkish game.

[@suluklu]

Lol did that happen in real life 🤣🤣

[@herhangibirisi_]

That's a really funny story but true.

[@syedafzaalalishah3835]

Yes dude i was thinking all the time of starting one campaign like this

[@محمديونس-7]

Actually there is a series called ( kurulus Osman) "Osman the founder" tells this story It's until now 4 season with 100 episodes

[@LeoWarrior14]

Byzantines try not to start a civil war at the worst possible time for 5 minutes challenge [IMPOSSIBLE]

[@Germ_f]

lmao

[@zhcultivator]

Honestly, so true

[@WinnerNevQuitsQuitterNevWins]

😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂

[@lyonvensa]

Byzantines losing? Cue revolts against the emperor Byzantines winning? Cue people 'better then the emperor' attacking the capital

[@aaa-hr2qs]

Yeah 👍

[@IronpenWorldbuilding]

It’s really cool seeing these conquests happening on a fort by fort basis rather than on a larger scale. I wish there was a strategy game that worked on these scales. Edit: To the people who recommended Mount and Blade 2: Bannerlord I appreciate you. I got the game and it is exactly what I’m looking for.

[@matpesot9903]

Agreed....it's strangely more satisfying

[@ArcAngle1117]

That's what I was thinking. Both points actually. I've seen plenty of videos about Ottoman history but they always brush over this Era. I'm glad to finally see a more in-depth documentary. To the second point, I was imagining how bad ass a Mount and Blade Bannerlord mod set in this time period would be.

[@IronpenWorldbuilding]

@@ArcAngle1117 Yeah, conquering an area for your dynasty town by town with strategic battles would be way cooler than conquering an entire kingdom in one stroke with battles decided by more troops or better knights.

[@jgwebb1o1]

Mount and Blade might be what you're looking for

[@mitjed]

You can play the game medieval total war 2 as an early Ottoman warlord battling the Byzantines

[@michaelsinger4638]

The Ottomans had A LOT of talented rulers early on. They were fortunate in this area.

[@omerfaruk6082]

First 10 consecutive Ottoman sultans were all brilliant conquerors and statesmen.

[@125discipline2]

they have to become the best. if they dont want to die.

[@torikeqi8710]

@@omerfaruk6082 They were good governors but not conquerors

[@jj-gz9xd]

@@torikeqi8710 really, was that how they had amassed such vast territories? by being bad conquerors?

[@resentfuldragon]

and A LOT of events that could be called actual miracles. Many of the most powerful empires ever (ex: romans, umayyad caliphate, mongols, etc.) had crazy coincidences and nigh impossible wins to back up their great leaders.

[@phelinx623]

Wow the amount of research that is done for this video is simply amazing. And your Turkish pronunciations are not bad. Keep up the great work!

[@nenenindonu]

The rise of Ottomans is similar to that of Muscovite, the two started as regional underdogs overshadowed by potentially greater regional dynasties like the Karamanids - Germiyanids and Novgorod - Lithuania respectively, yet both against all the odds managed to emerge as the actual champions

[@lerneanlion]

I thought I was the only one who noticed this. Thank you for sort of pointing out and agreeing about this with me!

[@sidp5381]

Yeah then the Russian empire completely demolished the ottoman empire and several battles took massive swaps of territory from them crippled and beyond repair before they finally collapsed the Russia had a lost the Crimean war ottoman empire would’ve fell in 1853

[@sidp5381]

Especially after the devastating battle of Sinope it looked like the turks were finished

[@nenenindonu]

@@sidp5381 "Then" = 5 centuries after the establishment of both which includes the Russian Tsardom that succeeded Muscovite and preceded the Russian empire

[@nenenindonu]

@Milošević in hell Ottomans were 3-continental and ruled better lands like the Mediterranean also "Russia" wasn't a continuous entity being divided among Muscovite, the Tsardom, and the Empire

[@thesaygl7020]

I'd like to thank you cause of you showed origins of Kayı Tribe. Oğuz Kağan Epopee is very important point for Old Turkic History.

[@Ibrah656]

That background Ottomans music from "19:40 " is so legendary 😌

[@Yauufcetin]

Its from civilizations 6

[@yaralikatil]

In a study revealed by Alexander Lyon Mcfie in his book The End of the Ottoman Empire (2014), on the economic and social history of the Ottoman Turks, it unstoppable military was found that throughout force.

[@andrew_owens7680]

Christian/Muslim coalition? Having read history myself, I see that there are several such coalitions throughout history which queers the narrative of an unbending and aggressive Islam. Christian ideas of Islam being about nothing but forced conversions are a projection. The Northern Crusades, for example and its agression are hardly mentioned in history classes. I think the Mongols have had more effect on our modern situation than is often recognized. The American public school way of teaching history used to be: Egypt, Greece, Rome, Britain, America, with each empire improving upon the last and finishing in perfection.. Now, students are fed a soup of snippets of world history without anything being outstanding and given the impression that history isn't nearly as important as STEM.

[@balintlaszlo8673]

Extraordinary work that you are doing! Keep it up🙏🏻🙏🏻

[@yaralikatil]

@Van Dare From this point of view, a large part of the 19 Cypriot historiography did not manage to achieve the substantial for the historian, to use a phrase by Eric Hobsbawm, overcoming of passions and political identities, 20⁰ identities that were of course created at the end or even after the Ottoman period. That is to say, that the national political identity of the Greek and the Turk, the national political ensembles of Greeks and Turks, realities of the post-Ottoman period in Cyprus are projected on the past of the 16th century. Thus, in 1571 Cyprus was conquered by the Ottomans and for the next three hundred and more years was a part of the Ottoman territory. The Greek Cypriot historiography uses for this transition and generally the entire Ottoman period the term Turkish rule a term that lends a national Turkish identity to Ottomans. A big part of traditional historiography refers to a Turkish state,²¹ mentioning a Turkish government, while correspondingly the conquered are included in another national identity, the Greek, which - and perhaps this is more important - at the time history is written, is in conflict with the Turkish. Already from the end of the 19th century, Greek Cypriot historiography states that during the Turkish rule "the spirit of the inhabitants fell to a pitiful point and poverty and misery and extreme ignorance, and depression of the national morale covered the island".23 The Orthodox on the island are defined by traditional historiography as a political group since "in the vizier's orders the participant in the defence of Famagusta Greek was a term that was generalised for all Greeks on the island". In relation to the population on the island the Turkish rule mentions that "after the occupation of Cyprus by the Turks the census that took place for tax pur poses revealed that the native Cypriot Greeks aged [...] in this population 20.000 30.000 Turks were added".25 It is also established that "the Turkish occupation brought to Cyprus many radical changes. The Turks supported the Greek population on the island in order not to give the opportunity to the peoples of Europe to be interested in the Cypriots […]”.26 And as it began with a national conflict that is how italso ends, since it is mentioned that “while the Turkish conquerors suppressed andpersecuted the Greeks on the island […]”.27 The existence therefore of a politicalnational group is considered given and every analysis of the Ottoman period func-tions in a way to bring to the forefront or reinforce the existence, even under difficultconditions, of such a group. This expressed the stereotyped view that the Cypriots“managed under the protection of the Church to maintain their religion, language,and national conscience as Greeks”.28 Even when relations are examined on differentlevels, even when they refer to the 17th century, these are characterised as relationsof the “Greeks and the Turks of Cyprus”.29 In the Turkish Cypriot historiography, the same perception is more or less fol-lowed; history is written under the same terms, the national terms but with one sub-stantial difference: The “Turks on the island” 30 are usually referred to as acomplimentary term of the word Ottomans and are placed on the side of the goodoften contrary to the “Greeks, Greek Cypriots” who are on the opposite side. Thesettlement of the “Turks”on the island is interpreted as something that broughtabout positive results for the entire island 31 and the local Ottoman administration isgenerally whitewashed. In short, Turkish Cypriot historiography also accepts theexistence of national groups. The Church of Cyprus expresses again the Greeks of Cyprus and its activities are mainly targeted against the Turks of Cyprus, 32 whilewithout hesitation the actions of the Prelates of 1600 in Cyprus are combined andidentified with the Akritas plan of the period after the independence. 33 The Prelatesare considered to express not only spiritually but also nationally the Orthodox of Cyprus while institutionally the Church of Cyprus is perceived as warring towardsthe local Turkish administration. 34 The Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot histo-riographies are identified when they project the present on the past, a past howeverthat is perceived and interpreted from a very different national point of view. Michael, M., Kappler, M. and Gavriel, E., 2009. Ottoman Cyprus: A Collection of Studies on History and Culture Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, pp.14,15.

[@saadshoaib901]

What a great empire What a great legacy God chooses who he wills

[@average.user_]

Phenomenal work and presentation.

[@thesilverfox5069]

Very informative, me as a Turk personally thank you for making this video.

[@mohammadbilal4473]

Pls make a video on the ottoman conquest of mainland iraq by suleyman 1 and shah tahmasp1 and the ottoman safavid war under murad 4 and shah abbas 1. Anyway ur videos are my only source of logical history please try to keep making them and conti nue the level of accuracy

[@hafizbilal15]

Excellent video

[@MohammadTabbakha]

this war is about to take place in the series Kurulus Osman

[@laughingzone6648]

With 30-30 people each side😂

[@MohammadTabbakha]

@@laughingzone6648 I think it will be a proper battle, we’ll see tho.

[@PrimeroVorian1]

The towns and villages had turkic names before the Ottomans conquered them?

[@de_rerum_causas]

Cannot unsee.

[@robbabcock_]

Great video!

[@Nomadictroll]

The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24.

[@yaralikatil]

@@vandare6913 From this point of view, a large part of the 19 Cypriot historiography did not manage to achieve the substantial for the historian, to use a phrase by Eric Hobsbawm, overcoming of passions and political identities, 20⁰ identities that were of course created at the end or even after the Ottoman period. That is to say, that the national political identity of the Greek and the Turk, the national political ensembles of Greeks and Turks, realities of the post-Ottoman period in Cyprus are projected on the past of the 16th century. Thus, in 1571 Cyprus was conquered by the Ottomans and for the next three hundred and more years was a part of the Ottoman territory. The Greek Cypriot historiography uses for this transition and generally the entire Ottoman period the term Turkish rule a term that lends a national Turkish identity to Ottomans. A big part of traditional historiography refers to a Turkish state,²¹ mentioning a Turkish government, while correspondingly the conquered are included in another national identity, the Greek, which - and perhaps this is more important - at the time history is written, is in conflict with the Turkish. Already from the end of the 19th century, Greek Cypriot historiography states that during the Turkish rule "the spirit of the inhabitants fell to a pitiful point and poverty and misery and extreme ignorance, and depression of the national morale covered the island".23 The Orthodox on the island are defined by traditional historiography as a political group since "in the vizier's orders the participant in the defence of Famagusta Greek was a term that was generalised for all Greeks on the island". In relation to the population on the island the Turkish rule mentions that "after the occupation of Cyprus by the Turks the census that took place for tax pur poses revealed that the native Cypriot Greeks aged [...] in this population 20.000 30.000 Turks were added".25 It is also established that "the Turkish occupation brought to Cyprus many radical changes. The Turks supported the Greek population on the island in order not to give the opportunity to the peoples of Europe to be interested in the Cypriots […]”.26 And as it began with a national conflict that is how italso ends, since it is mentioned that “while the Turkish conquerors suppressed andpersecuted the Greeks on the island […]”.27 The existence therefore of a politicalnational group is considered given and every analysis of the Ottoman period func-tions in a way to bring to the forefront or reinforce the existence, even under difficultconditions, of such a group. This expressed the stereotyped view that the Cypriots“managed under the protection of the Church to maintain their religion, language,and national conscience as Greeks”.28 Even when relations are examined on differentlevels, even when they refer to the 17th century, these are characterised as relationsof the “Greeks and the Turks of Cyprus”.29 In the Turkish Cypriot historiography, the same perception is more or less fol-lowed; history is written under the same terms, the national terms but with one sub-stantial difference: The “Turks on the island” 30 are usually referred to as acomplimentary term of the word Ottomans and are placed on the side of the goodoften contrary to the “Greeks, Greek Cypriots” who are on the opposite side. Thesettlement of the “Turks”on the island is interpreted as something that broughtabout positive results for the entire island 31 and the local Ottoman administration isgenerally whitewashed. In short, Turkish Cypriot historiography also accepts theexistence of national groups. The Church of Cyprus expresses again the Greeks of Cyprus and its activities are mainly targeted against the Turks of Cyprus, 32 whilewithout hesitation the actions of the Prelates of 1600 in Cyprus are combined andidentified with the Akritas plan of the period after the independence. 33 The Prelatesare considered to express not only spiritually but also nationally the Orthodox of Cyprus while institutionally the Church of Cyprus is perceived as warring towardsthe local Turkish administration. 34 The Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot histo-riographies are identified when they project the present on the past, a past howeverthat is perceived and interpreted from a very different national point of view. Michael, M., Kappler, M. and Gavriel, E., 2009. Ottoman Cyprus: A Collection of Studies on History and Culture Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, pp.14,15.

[@Nomadictroll]

@@vandare6913 Those were already non-Turkic population of Istanbul…

[@Nomadictroll]

@@vandare6913 He was doing this at the same time as the Ottoman sultan Murad II was revit alising his own dynasty's Central Asian Oghuz heritage as a way to reassert Ottoman authority, following Temür's devastating victory at Ankara.50 Peacock, A. and McClary, R., n.d. Turkish history and culture in India. p.73. Shokr-Allâh paints the Chengisids as rapacious rulers, and as serts the political superiority of the Oghuz Turks of the western branch. He further elaborates the Oghuz genealogy as first en countered in earlier texts. Yet, he does not present Ottoman political claims based purely on Qayı lineage and leadership of the Oghuz. Persian Historiography: A History of Persian Literature by Charles Melville (Editor) pp.444 6. Ibid. However, Kafadar points out that the term "Turk" did not have a universally negative meaning. "Turkish" was the name of the language that the elites spoke, and in certain cases the term "Türk" was used as self-reference in Ottoman sources. Çıpa, H. and Fetvaci, E., n.d. Writing history at the Ottoman court. p.75. The Ottomans were "Turks' to most outsiders (the Balkan and European Christians, the North African Muslims), and terms suggestive of a Turkish ethnicity can be found in Ottoman sources. The History of the Ottoman Empire to 1730 1st Edition by M.A. Cook (Author) pp.2

[@Nomadictroll]

@@vandare6913 “Turkey in Europe,” “European Turkey,” and la Turquie d'Europe began to be used by the Ottomans and in Western Europe in the sixteenth century and became standard around the mid-eighteenth century. Miškova, D. and Trencsényi, B., n.d. European regions and boundaries. p.143. The traumatic element of Greek national identity is reinforced in memories of Ottoman rule known as the 'Turkish yoke'. HALIKIOPOULOU, D., 2019. PATTERNS OF SECULARIZATION. [Place of publication not identified]: ROUTLEDGE. Five hundred years of Ottoman rule (or “the Turkish yoke” as commonly heard in Bulgaria), which ended with the Russian-Ottoman war, have intensely marked the Bulgarian consciousness. Forte, M., n.d. Force multipliers. p.151.

[@Nomadictroll]

@@vandare6913 There is no such information in John Kingsle's source. Who are you kidding you Hellenized Minoan :)

[@bastiontec5572]

There is one very important name aligned with foundations of Ottoman empire and that is Ertuğrul Gazi.

[@bobbatons1720]

Ottomans were Albanians. Eastern Romans were Albanians too. This was an Albanian Civil War.

[@zen2557]

what the actual heck?

[@augustulus1277]

Man I hope this guy thinks everything is Albanian😂

[@ahmetsertel437]

Great video.

[@redforman2314]

Byzantine One of the biggest mistakes of the emperor was to leave Iznik and create an authority vacuum in Anatolia. I say this as a Turk

[@Tamerlane_]

Military operation of 1308 Byzantine Emperor Andronicus II gave a daughter in marriage to Oljeitu and asked the Ilkhan's assistance against growing the power of the Ottomans. In 1305, Oljeitu promised his father in law 40,000 men, and in 1308 dispatched 30,000 men to recover many Byzantine towns in Bithynia and the Ilkhanid army crushed a detachment of Osman I.

[@ezzokenan1943]

surely the ottoman emperor would need such a product to keep his skin hydrated

[@nathanpangilinan4397]

There once was a dream. A dream worth fighting for. A dream called Rome. And this is when said dream became one last nightmare.

[@ΒασιλείατῶνῬωμαῖων]

Rome still lives on. So long as Italy and Greece still live. So long as Cyprus, France, Spain and Romania live. Even the Germanic nations of Britain and Germany can be said to be highly romanized. All of Europe is an extension of Rome. Even Russia and the United States are bastions of Roman culture. Meanwhile, Turkey can only dream to reach such feats of cultural dominance.

[@anglowarrior7970]

The Rise of the Ottomans is one of the most fascinating and interesting time in history, just 70 years before Genghis Khan died and his empire was divided. Which was one of the major reasons why the ottomans were able to rise as the sultanate of rum collapsed. The rise of Osman and the early ottoman expansion is very interesting to learn and then the smooth succession to Orhan his son and one of the rare instances when his brother Suleyman didn't divided the beylik among them and became the grand vizier (prime minister) reforming the ottoman military and administration is very interesting and fascinating to learn about.

[@nenenindonu]

Zengids and Eldiguzids were also Seljuk successors but didn't even come close to the glory of Ottomans, don't even need to mention the Khwarezmians since they were direct victims of the Mongol empire

[@bugday3688]

Most importantly, it was an empire that lived for the longest time.

[@anglowarrior7970]

@@bugday3688 What about the Eastern Roman Empire that lasted for more than a 1,000 years?

[@mehmetfatihcetin5932]

@@anglowarrior7970 difference is ottoman empire ruled by only one dynasty in all her life. Which is rare for any empire.

[@KainWT]

@@anglowarrior7970 I think they meant "for the longest time" as simply for a very long time. That's a saying we have in America, "He was a carpenter for the longest time." for example.

[@AlhamduTV1]

Ertugrul and Osman both were ambitious. They stuck to their goals. Then comes Murad. He is mind-blowing...

[@hiddenhist]

Weird comment, but being able to see the increase in video quality, editing, etc over time has been something of an honor. You don't exactly see it as it happens, but comparing this video to videos from just a couple of years ago... man. Thanks K&G, keep doing what you do.

[@memorymeme51]

I thought the same aswell

[@freddekl1102]

Have to hand it to them, current quality of both animation and in-depth information is amazing. But I don't like all that they currently start 10 different documentaries and finish like 3

[@sidp5381]

@@freddekl1102 I agree with the statement unfortunately I don’t know why they’re restarting the Ottoman series they finished all the way up to the long Turkish war they should finish it all the way until the first world war including the wars with Russia and the great Turkish war as well and then go back and redo this that’s what makes more sense

[@daarom3472]

It's kinda strange when you start following a really small channel and after a few years they're huge. Have had that K&G, Agadmator, Lex Fridman, Kurt Jaimungal and a few others!

[@aasemahsan]

2:06 Before the Ottomans 4:32 The Kayi tribe 6:14 Ertugrul under Seljuk sultan Kayqubad I 9:20 Osman Gazi's leadership & expansions into Byzantine territory of Bithynia 13:29 Declaration of independence from the Seljuks after Sultan Konya's capture 14:35 Thrashing the Byzantines 15:36 Battle of Bapheus (first major victory) July 27, 1302

[@muratevren2857]

For etymology enthusiasts: the word "tekfur" comes from the Middle Armenian word "tagvor/թագւոր" (in Modern Arm. "թագավոր/tagavor") which means "king", literally “crown bearer”. In the early Ottoman period, the word was used especially for the Byzantine governors and princes.

[@rafaelingarov9239]

The word "tekfur" originated from Turkic language and Low German (Low-Saxon) . "Tek" comes from Turkic meaning "entirely", "exclusively" and "Fur" comes from Low German Fürst (king/prince). The word Tekfur means the ONLY KING.

[@smavi4133]

@@rafaelingarov9239 sounds like horseshit. In all those years I have been reading into turkish and ottoman etymology, I never EVER encountered a word particle that originated from low-german. There's an influx of high-german (not low german) military terms into turkish in the late 19th century, but that's about it when it comes to german influence into turkish. But this explanation doesn't stop there - this obscure etymological particle that is nowhere else used in turkish, is, for whatever reason, combined with a turkic word. Turkic words and particles which survived into modern turkish language are very old, basic and "archaic" terms that are shared throughout turkic speaking regions, and thus predate even Arabic and Persian loanwoards. And this almost prehistoric syllable/word "tek" is now (13th century) combined with a title (Fürst) that gains its political significance as late as the the early modern age? BTW: the explanation of op is also the official one accepted within turkish literature.

[@apostolispouliakis7401]

Yeah I was about to write that not only is that not Greek in origin but also that it is not an official title ever given by the Emperor

[@aaronmarks9366]

If the meaning is "crown bearer", then it sounds like the Armenian tag(a)- element is related to Persian tâj (crown) while the -vor element is related to Greek -phor (to bear)

[@muratevren2857]

​@@aaronmarks9366 Exactly Aaron! Persian "taj" is directly used in Modern Turkish as "taç" (ç gives "ch" sound), meaning "crown". Armenian "vor" comes from Proto Indo-European "bher" meaning "to bear, carry" and this means that it is cognate with Greek "phor" (as you have noticed), Latin "fer" (as in Lucifer, refer, confer etc.), English "to bear", Persian "بار/bar" (meaning "burden, load"). Since you have recognized Persian "taj", I suppose you may be familiar with Persian language, then you may know Persian word "باردار/bardar" which means "pregnant", literally meaning "burden carrying (person)", once again showing us cognate relation between Armenian "vor" and Persian "bar" :) I'm no expert in etymology, just an amateur showing off his knowledge in every opportunity :)

[@Kuwaie10]

Incredible quality. This channel has become one one the best when it comes to the animated history. Keep up the excellent work. Thank you for all this.

[@fsdds1488]

*Being foreign traveller *Forms warband and joins a local power *Capture and awarded village for your service *Break off when your overlord weakened by fighting invaders *Proceed to form own faction and built a great empire A true mount and blade experience.

[@nech1]

btw, Mount and Blade made by Turkish game company

[@ufem2159]

exactly :D

[@nenenindonu]

623 years of which 4 centuries consisted of expanding over 3 continents, rivaling entire European coalitions for centuries, spreading influence from Indonesia to Iceland, ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of the Roman Empire in 1453, triggering the Age of Exploration, and much more all this from a small Beylik, the Ottoman empire left a huge mark in history...

[@liukang3545]

yeah but they can burn in hell, they were extremely genocidal, HAIL VLAD TEPES!

[@TheTokkie]

entire European coalitions lol the French were big buddies with the Ottomans because they were both against the Austrian Hungarian empire and the Habsburgers

[@darklight8338]

@@TheTokkie yet on many occasions they fought the ottomans alongside everyone else in Europe in there crusades

[@nenenindonu]

@@TheTokkie France was opposing the Ottomans prior to the 1500's and led the Crusade of Nicopolis. The Holy League was made up of several interchangeable European nations ; Spain, Portugal, Russia, Genoa, Papal states, HRE, Venice, etc

[@mputilin]

From the positive side... and from the negative? Left the whole skull pyramids in the Balkans and Greece. Though there was no other way for you to rule over us but through use of such cruelty.

[@boqork]

True gentlemen watch videos on Balkan history to make more accurate inflaming KZbin comments

[@KingsandGenerals]

Tru. Flame them where it hurts the most, deep cuts only.

[@iskambillordu]

@@KingsandGenerals goofy aah generals

[@Potatocius]

Lmfao 😂😂😂

[@resentfuldragon]

@@iskambillordu You mean based generals, insults are an art that should be done after intense research.

[@ArcAngle1117]

This is a series I'm excited for. The Ottomans are one of the most interesting Empires in history.

[@محمديونس-7]

There is a turkish drama series called ( kurulus Osman) which talk about the story of the birth of the ottomans ( kurulus osman/ osman the founder) Until now it's 100 episodes Divided into 4 seasons

[@Southie]

@@محمديونس-7 I have watched that show and even though it's a good show, there are too many cheap approaches being made in terms of battles, especially in the 4th and 5th season. Majority of the castles that have been conquered are identical to one and other (maybe it's because the architecture could have been similar at the time, due to the geographical distances between each city/castle), and the Battle of Bapheus was a massive disappointment. Instead of showing a proper battle, the director somehow turned it into a beach fight, and then a forest fight sequence with less than 50 soldiers involved. It's more disappointing when you realise that they put more effort into some less known battle at the start of the second season, which was showcased properly, instead of such an important historically battle. They didn't even show the Battle of Dimbos lmao. Of course, when it comes to castle conquests, you can't expect to see every fort get conquered in the show, but the director missed out on conquering forts like Yarshisar, Karacahisar, and the conquests in season 4 and 5 were a joke, including the conquest of Kopruhisar, Lefke, Kestel, which were poorly made and looked as if they had barely any resistance. Not to mention that in the first season, the conquest of Kulucahisar was done historically incorrect in terms of the date of when it happened and because it was a day raid, instead of a night one. Though they did get the surprise attack part right, which is good. I really hope that at least more effort is going to be put into the conquest of Bursa, otherwise all this watching will just turn into a big disappointment.

[@MohamedAli-xu3uw]

​@@SouthieWill an Orhan show be done after Osman?

[@Southie]

@@MohamedAli-xu3uw Most likely, yes

[@omeryucel7888]

Turkish historian Halil İnalcık says about Osman: Osman is a Turkish knight, that is, "Alp", not an ordinary sword-wielding militia. He is a master at using bows, arrows, spears, swords and horses. He is a strong warrior like his father Ertugrul. His comrades are also Alps. He personally fought in dozens of wars against Byzantium and Mongols. This is perhaps the biggest difference from the Ottoman sultans after him. Mehmet, Suleiman, Selim are great leaders, but their ancestor Osman is both a leader and a warrior. And it is not correct to draw him as an overweight religious scholar with a big beard, turban, in representational drawings, it would be more logical to draw him on a horse with his sword.

[@alperenlive]

Osmanlı geleneğinde çok zayıf hükümdarlar bile kilolu ve iri yapılı olarak resmedilmişti çünkü kilolu görünmenin heybet kattığına dair bir inanış vardır.

[@kerimcan7011]

The concept of Alp in Turkic culture is ignored, just like the Mongolian concept of Baatir. Alps and Baatirs were favorite warriors of the steppe lords. What distinguished them from ordinary nomadic horsemen was their armor, their lance, and their prowess in battle. Kul Tigin is the best example of an Alp.

[@torikeqi8710]

Does he have any facts that Osman was not fat? Looks like a myth to me.

[@reinerbraun5229]

@@torikeqi8710 The painting of Osman is just a representative descrpition. It is made at 19 th century by Konstantin Kapıdağlı (Konstandinos Kizikinos) . Just one sultan, II. Mehmed's painting is the real description of him that made by Gentile Bellini at 15. Century

[@313asm]

He was not a religious scholar, but was very religious and married to the daughter of his spiritual mentor. Keep your hatred for pious people with yourself, Mr. Kemalist.

[@MrZero12132]

Finally kings and general covered the origins of the Ottomans. There is a very long tv series known as ertugral for those interested that covers this too in more detail. Though I would say this short video has sufficient information regarding this topic.

[@fero5519]

Bazı batılılar Türkleri kötü gösteriyor. Siz tarafsız ve doğru şekilde anlatıyorsunuz. İmparatorluk varisleri çalışmanızı takdir ediyor. 🇹🇷 Ertuğrul'un babası tartışmalı bir konudur. Çoğu tarihçi Süleyman değil Gündüz Alp olduğunu söyler.

[@maddogbasil]

The ottoman history on this channel is truly superb Its unbelievable that modern history classes barely teach about this empire in schools when its history was so world changing

[@AlpArslanTheSeljuk]

In Germany we mostly have Egyptian and Roman history. And then only WW2 and post WW2.

[@assyriancrusader3760]

@@AlpArslanTheSeljuk in Australia in year 8 i learned about vikings and year 10 Russia revaluation and ww1 and ww2.

[@anglowarrior7970]

In India, we only learn about the Indian empires and not even any interesting things because they don't talk about wars very less or not at all till class 8, in class 9 it's the most interesting where we learn about the French Revolution, the Russian Revolution and the Rise of Hitler and Nazism and that's it 😢

[@yrlikng5767]

@@AlpArslanTheSeljuk Thats the problem with schools. If you just teach about ww2 and stuff like that, without teaching other important things like how it came to these wars, execuse my language but nobody aint learning sh*t. I think not learning Worlds history but instead learning so much unnecessary stuff is a big issue. This genarationnis dumb af and its getting worse

[@AlpArslanTheSeljuk]

@@yrlikng5767 when I asked my teacher why we don't learn about the ottomans, he got angry with me lol. Also the stuff we learned about WW2 wasn't always historically accurate.

[@yaralikatil]

Ibn Battuta and Ibn Khaldun were also really important sources about early Ottomans

[@ayonhasan9287]

Muhiuddin ibn arabi mentioned about Osman khelafa in 1230.

[@sindeeeed]

@@ayonhasan9287 Osman was born in around 1250s

[@oblamovadvanced5956]

@@sindeeeed he means, ibn arabi foreseen it.

[@oblamovadvanced5956]

also for early turks*

[@batuhankara396]

@@sindeeeed This importent İbn Arabi

[@lerneanlion]

So the Romans did respond to the conquests launched by the Turks. They just failed to do it properly. I cannot actually balme them since they were also worrying about another possible Sack of Constantinople from the West as well. Speaking of which, that's reminded me why they continued to appeal for helps from the Pope and the Western European nations so many times after what happened in 1204.

[@Montechristoss]

They did respond but by that was too little too late they tried several times but the civil strife of the mid 14th century was a disaster the one part even promised lands to the ottomans in Thrace and makedon for military support futhermore the rise of the Serbians was another issue the Italian republics managed all trade and last but not least the incompetent emperors such as andronikos II the ruler of the video fortunately they were some capable emperors that gave some time to the empire such as andronikos the third and john katakouzinos

[@Montechristoss]

@ali did l say in my comment anything about the Catalan company ? no and yes l know that helped the ottomans by ravaging lands of the people who hired them

[@RichardEdwards40]

@@Montechristoss the byzantines committed suicide by inviting turks into europe to fight in their civil war. the turks ravaged byzantine thrace and took many slaves during that time. Byzantines also invited turks into anatolia to gaerison cities before manzikert. I dont know why they never learned..

[@Nomadictroll]

In the west the Seljuq invasion of Asia Minor began the process which was to make it the modern land of the Turks and the base from which the greatest Islamic empire of the past 600 years would expand into southeast Europe . MacEachern, S., 2010. The new cultural atlas of the Islamic world. p.32.

[@fmk10]

As a Turk I find your video absolutely amazing. It really fascinating to see how my ancestors spread on this lands and grow to world. It’s just their baby time (: Go ahead I am waiting next chapters soon please. Thank you.

[@onurkaradeniz569]

I learn more about the Ottomans on this channel than I have in my junior high and high school history lessons combined.

[@emperornapoleon6204]

Your Ottoman videos, as with the others, are unmatched! I am excited to see this series continue. Truly tremendous how the quality of your videos has evolved. Admirable work!

[@azimusshanmahir1390]

true

[@Liquidsback]

Ah, the rise of Osman this would be good to watch from my couch, but if only I had something to put my feet up as I lay here. But as far as I know, no piece of furniture exists....

[@KingsandGenerals]

Because of the people like you, they will force us to use Turkiye instead of Turkey and Osman instead of Ottoman :D

[@Liquidsback]

@@KingsandGenerals Turkiye only changed its name because its feared the namesake was too close to the terrible Avian Empire ruled by the Gobble Dynasty.

[@123telamon]

There is a TV show about Osman. the name is Kurulus Osman.

[@danielnita2072]

Didn't think I'd ever see a video mentioning Ertugrul, I want to take a moment to recommend the historical turkish shows Resurrection: Ertugrul and Establishment: Osman.

[@tumaysonmez2196]

The information you provided about the Battle of Koyunhisar is completely wrong. Since the battle in question was called "Koyunhisar", European historians mistakenly believe that the battle was fought near Koyunhisar castle. The war first took place in the swampy area called the Hersek plain, 60 km north of Koyunhisar. At the beginning of the war, while the Byzantine army was disembarking from the ships, the Ottoman army carried out a raid. This is exactly how the incident occurs in Ottoman sources. Since there is no sea in the area you mentioned, the other theory is proven to be correct. Your source is probably taken from Joseph von Hammer. Actually, this war that Hammer and you mentioned is the Dimboz war, which took place 1 year after the Koyunhisar war. I recommend that you take a look at the Ottoman bibliographies in your future historical animations. After all, it is a big mistake to tell history by reading from a single source. But still thank you for your efforts.

[@CaspianNomad]

I know they're not the focus of this video but it never ceases to amaze me how strong the Mongols were and how much they changed the tides of history directly and indirectly

It was literally the age of steppe nomads. From Mongols to Seljuks, and even the Ottomans. What made Ottoman success more permanent was that, they were smart enough to learn how to play "city dwellers' game"

[@blademanx]

Great timing! Finished Ertugrul series in 4 months. Now watching Osman. This gives a good overall explanation of whats happening!

[@ilhamiata769]

those series are not that close to actual history

[@fatihbey7398]

Boş yapma tarihimiz doğru bizim kansız

[@oblamovadvanced5956]

@@ilhamiata769 it is a drama after all. it does not have to be accurate like a documentary for the god sake...

[@Mokhtar-al-Thaqafi]

Osman was one of the smartest man among his time. He politcally turned the Byzantine Tekfurs against each other, evaded war with other Türkish tribes and hired warriors from all races,castes and religions. Once again another masterpiece by Kings And Generals

[@ejayaziz470]

He was the greatest sultan of osmanli .. Real gazi and hunkar

[@Mokhtar-al-Thaqafi]

@Ottoman & Osmanlı edit evyallah

[@Mokhtar-al-Thaqafi]

@@vandare6913 What's your point? My ancestors were Türks

[@akinci6355]

@@vandare6913 European source, American source, more European sources and trash DNA testing using small sample sizes that contain Cricassian, Kurdish, Bosnian and other non Turk but Turkish citizens samples. We don't use Ottoman sources to define European history. So stick to the Ottoman primary source's when talking about Turkish history. Muslim historians described the Europeans as cowardly, unwashed or cuckolds in many writings should we use that to define European history?

[@yaralikatil]

@@vandare6913 “Turkey in Europe,” “European Turkey,” and la Turquie d'Europe began to be used by the Ottomans and in Western Europe in the sixteenth century and became standard around the mid-eighteenth century. Miškova, D. and Trencsényi, B., n.d. European regions and boundaries. p.143. The traumatic element of Greek national identity is reinforced in memories of Ottoman rule known as the 'Turkish yoke'. HALIKIOPOULOU, D., 2019. PATTERNS OF SECULARIZATION. [Place of publication not identified]: ROUTLEDGE. Five hundred years of Ottoman rule (or “the Turkish yoke” as commonly heard in Bulgaria), which ended with the Russian-Ottoman war, have intensely marked the Bulgarian consciousness. Forte, M., n.d. Force multipliers. p.151. Hamish Scott (2015). The Oxford Handbook of Early Modern European History, 1350-1750: Volume II. p. 612. ISBN 9780191020001."The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" In that same year, Luther was traveling from Wittenberg to Marburg. It is well known that the Turkish threat to the "Holy Roman Empire" was an important topic between Luther and his friend and collaborator Philip Melanchthon. In that year, prior to the Siege of Vienna, Luther published two small treatises: Vom Kriege widder die Türcken and Eine Heerpredigt wider den Türcken. The Europeans called Suleiman "the Magnificent" or "the Great Turk." while the Muslims preferred to characterise him as "Suleiman the Lawgiver" because he harmonized the religious laws of the shari'a with those of the sultan." According to a Tischrede in Wittenberg. Luther had learned that Suleiman was interested in him and had inquired about his age. When the sultan had been informed of this, he is reported to have said: "Pity. I wish he were even younger. He would find in me a gracious protec tor: Luther sighed were when he heard this and made the sign of the cross. "May God protect me from such a generous benefactor, he quipped."" European Christianity was extremely divided internally and therefore could Wessels, A., Jansen, H. and Jansen-Hofland, L., n.d. The grand finale. p.85. Bologna through the Christian courts of Europe in 1460-61 / 864-66 to drum up support for yet another crusade against the " Grand Turk ” in Istanbul.4 Thus did the name of Uzun Hasan , the “ Little Turk , ” first become known in Poland, Hungary, the Hapsburg Empire, Venice, Rome, Florence, France, and Burgundy. Woods, J., 1999. The Aqquyunlu. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, p.89. "The Turk came upon us as a rapacious marauder," Kolokotronis said. "He put to death some of our people and made slaves of others, but when our King in Constantinople fell in battle, he made no treaty with the Turks but left a bequest bidding his people carry on the war. His garrison has never given up and his fortresses have never capitulated." The Hour of the Bell: A Novel of the 1821 Greek War of Independence Against the Turks. Paperback - August 1, 2001 by Harry Mark Petrakis (Author) p.185 When the Turks overran Hungary ( 1532 ) , and threatened Vienna and Germany , Sachs published a poem of two sheets , “ Against the Bloodthirsty Turk . ” Lives of the leaders of our church universal : from the days of the successors of the Apostles to the present time Vol: 1 1879 [Hardcover] Hardcover - January 1, 1879 by Dr. Ferdinand and Henry Mitchell MacCracken Piper (Author) p.295

[@YoxiiPlz]

I just checked on the video but you do it even better than the Turkish youtubers! Good quality and everything is true information. keep it up!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@gluetreeofthenobleturkishh2022]

I don't think Osman's grandfather's name was Suleiman. Because Osman, son of Ertugrul, son of Gunduz, is written on a coin found in Osman's period. In order to establish a connection with the Seljuks, the name of Osman's grandfather must have tried to resemble Suleiman Shah, son of Kutalmis, the founder of the Anatolian Seljuk State.

[@cba2make1up]

I've seen that even a member of the Ottoman "royal family" today, a certain Orhan who's a descendant of Abdulhamid II, insists that Ertugrul was the son of Gunduz Alp. So I'll honestly go with the family's gut

[@muzaffernurullah9811]

Hocam ağzına sağlık. Dediğin gibi Ertuğrul Gazi'nin babası Süleyman Şah değil, Gündüz Alp'tir. Osman Gazi döneminden kalma sikkeler bile bunu gösterdi.

[@herhangibirisi_]

@@cba2make1up Yes the father of the Ertuğrul was Gündüz Alp/Begh. But the name Suleiman is his nick name as the leader of Kayi Tribe. In Turkish History books he named as (Suleiman Shah).and the name Suleiman is a meaningful name in Islam. In islam there is a prophet who live long long ago and named Suleiman. And prophet Suleiman was a king who his kingdom given from god (Allah) to him.

[@herhangibirisi_]

@ali Of course a Turkish tribe. The Kayi tribe one of the Oghuz tribes. Oghuz tribes has 2 boy's (boy mean branch in Turkish) as BOZOK and ÜÇOK. And Kayi Tribe was in the GÜNHAN boy. And GÜNHAN boy is in the BOZOK boy.They go Middle Asia to Anatolia. (Oghuz> Bozok> Günhan> Kayi> Karakeçililer > Ottomans)

[@herhangibirisi_]

@ali WHAT?!

[@CrimeanHorseArcher]

Söğüt was captured in 1231, next try for retake by Greece was failed in 1922. However the bulletholes are still there on the steel windows of the tomb of Ertuğrul Gazi

[@nech1]

The British had told the Greeks many times to desecrate cultural, historical Turkish artifacts and monuments. I believe thaat was the case with the tomb as well

[@resentfuldragon]

@@nech1 Isn't it funny that many, if not most, of the problems generated by a single nation in the modern era was britains fault. Their actions later caused the chain of events that led to the palestine-israel problem, the ogaden and shifta wars in somalia, the iraqi-kuwait disputes, and more. All the ones I mentioned were caused due to terrible borders and many false promises made to different nations. In somalia's case it was especially grevious because most of the nation was lost, the modern state of somala only has a portion of its ethnic land despite 2 those other parts attempting to join it democratically numerous times.

[@iSchneeball]

How far you have come since your Nurrik & Phoenix days. The intro back then with the epic music with the book opening and each page saying famous battles you had covered is what first capured me. I am so glad to feel the exact same childlike excitement when you now release videos. And just look at the beautiful quality you've accomplished. I wish you the best of luck, kings and generals!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks for being with us!

[@yaman169]

@@KingsandGenerals Ottoman principality" Osman Gazi Ottoman state Yıldırım Bayezid Ottoman empire "brutal Sultan Selim

[@angusyang5917]

Chad Osman I: My descendants will go on to rule a world empire? Heck yeah, I'll be the ancestor of one of the longest-lasting and most powerful dynasties in world history! Virgin Astyages: My descendants will one day rule a world empire? My daughter's son must die so I don't get overthrown!

[@xenofonmitsalas8905]

Very interesting video about a very interesting period. Battles of Bapheus and Dimbos marked the beginning of the byzantine-ottoman conflicts. I am looking forward to watching the next episodes for that period. I am vert curious to watch how your channel can cover the Catalan Company expedition in Asia Minor and the byzantine intrigues that turned Catalans against them, capturing the duchy of Athens. Besides that, continue your great work of videos!!

[@mertzileli7691]

Each of the names of 6 descendants of Oguz Kagan has a unique meaning of its own. Günhan (Lord of Sun), Ayhan (Lord of Moon), Yıldızhan (Lord of Star), Gökhan (Lord of Sky), Dağhan (Lord of mountain), Denizhan (Lord of sea)

[@hugokappes4077]

The Turkish made shows , Erturgrul and then Osman are totally worth watching,,

[@beachboy0505]

Excellent video 📹 All great Empires have to start somewhere. King 🤴 Charles 2nd was given a small island called Bombay by the Portuguese as a dowry. The Duke of Moscow asked the Mongols if he could collect the money 💰 from the surrounding slavic nations as a rent collector. The rest is history

[@Kimmerios-l5u]

Αlthough an intersting video it is rather unfortunate to give turkish names to roman cities and towns than were not conquered yet .Another problem of this video is that the map shows the empire of Trepizond as seljuk and not an independent state.

[@de_rerum_causas]

I second that. Ottomans conquered greek-named Roman cities and provinces in Bithynia. These cities were originally Greek and inhabited by mostly christian people.

[@azizbey4334]

Just mentioning this,Ertugrul's father's real name is Kunduz Alp not Suleyman Shah. It has been found in coins dating back to the period of sultan Orhan. It's unknown why the name suleiman Shah has been chosen for him. Most claim that this is another way of proving Ottoman legitimacy,by trying to trace their lineage to Suleyman Shah the conqueror of Anatolia during Seljuk times. But the actual reason is in fact unknown.

[@calidone7661]

seljuk sultans of rum (turkıye) were cousins of Great Seljuk sultans and were from same dynasty. There were other Turkish sultanates/beyliks as well.

[@yaralikatil]

Historical states which ended by Ottoman Empire: Eretnids,Ramadanid Emirate,Karamanids,Beylik of Tadjeddin, ,Jandarids,Ahi Republic ,Dulkadirids,Beylik of Teke,Hamidids,Germiyanids,Menteshe,Sarukhanids,Karasids ,Beylik of Bafra,Hacıemiroğulları,Kubatoğulları,Kutluşah,Tacettinoğulları,Taşanoğulları,Duchy of Saint Sava,Duchy of Athens,Duchy of the Archipelago,Jabrids Emirate,Banate of Belgrade,Banate of Masco,Serbian Despotate,Lordship of Prilep,Despotate of Epirus, Revolutionary Serbia,Kingdom of Serbia(1718-1739),Principality of Zeta,Second Bulgarian Empire,Tsardom of Vidin,Despotate of Dobruja,Principality of Valona,Despotate of Morea,Principality of Theodoro,Empire of Trebizond, County Palatine of Cephalonia and Zakynthos, Marquisate of Bodonitsa,Kingdom of Candia,Kingdom of the Morea,Triarchy of Negroponte,Koinon of the Zagorisians,Eastern Roman Empire,Principality of Albania,Lordship of Berat, Despotate of Angelokastron and Lepanto,State of Arianiti, Principality of Gjirokastër, Principality of Gropaj,Principality of Zahariaj,Principality of Dukagjini,Principality of Hamamshen,Kingdom of Bosnia, Banate of Lugos and Karánsebes,Kingdom of Hungary (1301-1526), Principality of Samtskhe,Hafsid Kingdom,Kingdom of Tlemcen, Kingdom of Kuku,Emirate of Diriyah,Republic of Krusevo,Hospitaller Tripoli,Principality of Muzaka,Mount Lebanon Emirate,

[@isjdj3293]

There 2 great TV series about this, the first one called Dirilis Erturgl abou the migration and the second, Kurulus Osman about how Osman Established his empire.

[@idk-yk3xo]

@@parasf2984 osmanonline

[@reshatavciogluovchuyev7671]

Hmmm, byzantians wanted to outflank with infantry, the muslim light cavalry?! You cannot be serious?! In narrow pass its the cavalry,who cannot outflank...maybe you should find new history book...

[@socratesii91]

When Ottoman empire at the tip of collapse, Sultan Mehmed save and won it after 10 years, this guy just incredible.

[@Shakspier]

I believe that the Ottoman Empire was the rightful successor to the Roman Empire.

[@waleed8530]

Kayser-i Rum (Caesar of the Romans).

[@waleed8530]

@@sursumkorda Yes it was

[@baalyoz]

@@sursumkorda at least so, much than Russians. Taking Byzantine, then a goal to take Rome. Basically, goal is to control both Christian world. With this, therell no rejector of Neo Roma.

[@baalyoz]

@@sursumkorda Ottoman is not already westener. Nobody said that. And the Ottoman have pure Empire system except devshirma.

[@user-ft9jn5tw1u]

@@sursumkorda The ottoman empire had so much in common with the byzantine empire, you have no idea

[@MCMLXXXVICCXII]

10:33 Ayos Nicholayos = İnegöl, it must be the town's name not the leaders' name. 11:00 Kalanos = Karaca, again the same thing. Town's name given as the commander's or Tekfur's name. Such small tribes were hiring by the local governors of Rome as sell swords so their loyality was questionable but not a big threat. In the beginning, so called ''Osman''s presence and actions, seen as a local dispute between local governors of Rome not as a independent venture. Osman's ability of intelligence, combined armies and coalesence with the local Tekfur's, such as ''Michael'' at 13:09, could be considered as a smoking gun of this view. We'll continue to see this patern up until the Murad I. After Murad I, this ''collaborative'' patern sits on a track as a state policy and leads the creation of ''Yeniçeri Ocağı'' and finds its place.

[@yaralikatil]

ATRAK and TURKIYYA as relating to the Ottomans and their Like in the Mamlük Sources The names turk and atrak as designating the Mamlüks have lasted up to the very end of the Mamlük sultanate. The Ottomans, their state, and their lands have other names in the Mamlük sources. Even during their conquest of Syria and Egypt the Ottomans are called Uthmaniyya, rüm (or arwüm), and quite frequently taräkima or turkmän." However, atrāk and turkiyya in connection with the Turkish speaking peoples and their lands in and about Anatolia do appear in those sources, albeit very rarely. Already Ibn Fadl Allah al-Umari, in the first half of the fourteenth century, speaks about mamlakat al-atrak bil-rum and bilad al-aträk bil-rüm. A later historian of the mid-fifteenth century, Ibn Taghribirdi, calls those lands al-turkiya, biläd al-turkiyya, and barr al-turkiyya, in connection with the import of wood and flour from Iljün and the supplying by sea of the Mamluk forces fighting the Turkmen Shāh Siwar.¹

[@iLoveAppl3947]

I'm from Romania however when i used to take the national exam test i took private history classes to pass the history exam. Surely it didn't was about Ottoman Empire but everytime after the history lessons ended he used to tell me extra things I didn't know such as Ottomans used special weapons like armed hoursemen with hooks dragging enemies from the battle lol this must be a very painful death. Also he told me many of the Wallchian rullers we're raised by the Sultan to be loyal and pay tribute once they we're assigned to rule a wallachian province. One of them is Vlad the Impaler surely he choose not to pay later and attack turks but he didn't do much of damage in the long term. Being raised by the Sultan he knew how to fight Ottomans and that was not by face to face but surprise attacks from the woods. After many many wallachian rulers revolted against the Sultan he decided to replace them with greek fanariots to be more loyal

[@maperdiole]

@whataboutism5439 vlad was half dacian(the dudes from the roman empire times) and cuman turk was another half or could be quarter

[@realaymandiab]

You should also do the Ghazwa battles of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW)

[@RoboticDragon]

Nice, redoing the Ottoman Empire series? I am down for it. Your Ottoman series was amazing the first time through, I learned so much.

[@velvet-ambiance]

Same

[@nukeboynez3648]

As a turk, I am astonished at how accurately you explained the origin of the ottoman dynasty. Even most turk nowadays don't have this vast knowledge.

[@waleed8530]

bruh, I showed Suliman the Magnificent to a young Turk and didn't know him.

[@Euzuner41]

@@waleed8530 yeah we have that kind of young people

[@nech1]

@@Euzuner41 Nasil oluyu oyle bisey haha.

[@Tommykey07]

Who could imagine in 1300 that a minor Turkish beylik in western Anatolia would a little over two centuries later become a superpower that ruled large chunks of territory on three continents?

[@elifern889]

-Who could imagine that a small fishing town in the middle of Italia founded by outcasts of society would conquer their known world and have Empires mimic them for thousands of years? -Who could imagine that some zealous Arabs would create the largest Empire of its time, become big players in world politics, and spread what is now the 2nd largest religion in the world? -Who could imagine that a few Mongolian horsemen in the steppes would conquer almost all of Eurasia and have a direct impact in almost every civilization? I'm not trying to downplay the Ottomans here, but events like these are common throughout history

[@ertegi64366]

@@elifern889 i see 13 year old enlightment hit u hard xd

[@YunusKULL]

@@elifern889 cope

[@Tommykey07]

@@elifern889 fair point! Yes, one could say the same about the Arabs in 7th century. It was quite the Black Swan event. With the Ottomans I would say their advantage over the other Turkish beyliks in western Anatolia was their proximity to Bithynia and then the Gallipoli peninsula. Once they were able to establish a foothold in Europe, they could expand more than the other beyliks.

[@VergiliosSpatulas]

@@YunusKULL Cope? True Mongol moment, back to working 8h shifts to buy a slice of bread Ahmut.

[@Ulas_Aldag]

20:34 Seeing the ottomans so small compared to Byzantium. To think how they would incorporate the entirety of all those territories a few centuries later is just astonishing.

[@omerfaruk6082]

I am impressed by your correct pronounciation of many Turkish names, such as "söğüt", "domaniç" etc.

[@Fornacis69]

Can you do a video at some point over the avars since you have one of the Huns and khazars ? I feel like it would be really interesting video

[@bulez0]

muhteşem anlatım ve muhteşem araştırma, teşekkürler

[@absar4578]

Who Came Here After Watching Dirilis Ertugrul and Kurulus Osman

[@tuzyananachitang]

This is just like how you become a king in bannerlord😅

[@systemreset9410]

Age of Empires 2's one expansion has Battle of Bapheus as a single battle on the battles list. I actually just had played it about a month ago. Thank you Kings and Generals! I had read a book about the establishing of the Ottomans in around 2003. This sparked that memory. I especially remember the night raid, Michal and the dream part.

[@MarlonESolo]

Kings and Generals, the Ottomans were just one of many Beyliks, they were direct neighbors of the Byzantines, so they had contacts with them earlier, intermarriages also occurred early on, it was easy for the Ottomans to grow because Byzantium was weakening. The greatest rival of the Ottomans were the Karamanoglu Beylik, who were even more powerful in the beginning, these two Beyliks fought each other for a long time, later after their defeat, the Karamanoglu were deported to the Balkans, all Turkish-speaking peoples of the Balkans are descendants of the Karamanoglu. Ataturk later took revenge on the Ottomans and established a Turkish state as a descendant of the Karamanoglu. Because Turkish was the identity of the Karamanoglu, only a few know this story. That's why the religious don't like Ataturk. Even the capital was chosen symbolically Ankara.

[@themercifulguard3971]

Ataturk was a jew tho

[@MarlonESolo]

@@themercifulguard3971 No Ataturk was Yörük Turkmen from Thessaloniki, but the current President is Greek Orthodox and of jewish descent and came from Georgia, the Family converted to islam early on

[@1BASITSHAH]

Dirilis Ertugral and Kurulus Osman show fans watching this K&G episode be like: 👁👅👁

[@femia4125]

Big ottoman fans here!!! 👋👋

[@muratlokmanoglu]

Prof. Dr. Halil İnalcık's Ottoman History is one of the most reliable sources. I think you also benefit from it.

[@yaralikatil]

While there is much more than this to the Turks, it is true that Turks rank among history's great empire-builders and rulers. Under the Ottomans they conquered vast territories in the Balkans and the Middle East and ruled for six hundred years. Turkey Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments pp.30

[@hussainsultanzada6123]

man decided to cite something that is general knowledge for anyone who knows anything about the Ottoman Empire 😭

[@Nomadictroll]

@@vandare6913 He was doing this at the same time as the Ottoman sultan Murad II was revit alising his own dynasty's Central Asian Oghuz heritage as a way to reassert Ottoman authority, following Temür's devastating victory at Ankara.50 Peacock, A. and McClary, R., n.d. Turkish history and culture in India. p.73. Shokr-Allâh paints the Chengisids as rapacious rulers, and as serts the political superiority of the Oghuz Turks of the western branch. He further elaborates the Oghuz genealogy as first en countered in earlier texts. Yet, he does not present Ottoman political claims based purely on Qayı lineage and leadership of the Oghuz. Persian Historiography: A History of Persian Literature by Charles Melville (Editor) pp.444 6. Ibid. However, Kafadar points out that the term "Turk" did not have a universally negative meaning. "Turkish" was the name of the language that the elites spoke, and in certain cases the term "Türk" was used as self-reference in Ottoman sources. Çıpa, H. and Fetvaci, E., n.d. Writing history at the Ottoman court. p.75. The Ottomans were "Turks' to most outsiders (the Balkan and European Christians, the North African Muslims), and terms suggestive of a Turkish ethnicity can be found in Ottoman sources. The History of the Ottoman Empire to 1730 1st Edition by M.A. Cook (Author) pp.2

[@yaralikatil]

It is a typical Oghuz Turkic tradition that the Ottomans attribute their ancestry to Oghuz Khan. Other Oghuz rulers also did same thing like Aq Qoyunlu, Qara Qoyunlu, Qajarids, Afsharids, Zengids, Seljuks etc.

[@hanzup4117]

Any chance you guys can do some videos on the rise and fall of the British Empire?

[@ertegi64366]

@@legioromanaxvii7644 every film every game every documantry is about british it is not even interesting anymore🤷‍♀️

[@theawesomeman9821]

I'd watch it. I wanna see videos on the Anglo-Zulu and Angloo-Boer wars.

[@yaralikatil]

Ottomans were most likely not Kayi but from another Oghuz tribe

[@reconscout2238]

You shouldnt call byzantines ''eastern roman'' because after 7th century they directly referred themselves as the roman empire dropping the eastern part as the west was already fallen.

[@nathanruben-tv5lf]

Ottomans tried to avoid muslim - muslim confrontrations. This helped many ghazi's all over the anatolia gathered around Osman. One of Osman dvantages is that it was on the border againts Byzantine. Ghazis since they were muslims did not respect beys to fight each other for land.

[@lawandahiru4064]

This is the video that I have been waiting for, I really want to know how this nomadic turkic tribe turn out to be the must successful empire in all of the turks history. And also Ottoman Empire is one of the greatest Empire in Islamic history. Thank you for uploading this Video, keep on doing good 👍. I request of you to do a video on the ancient Korean dynasties such as : Gojoseon, Goguryeo, Beakje Shilla. e.t.c, as well as the history of the Franks and how they managed to conquered and ruled France.

[@enesbilge1646]

Kings and Generals bro Ottomans had kept their records in early era but after the Battle of Ankara Timurid forces burned and pillaged the city Bursa. That is why no records exist today.

[@alexo2235]

Western (north-western) Anatolia has been the core territory for so many empires, vital for their existence. Having it as a main territory allowed Byzantines to remain a great Mediterranean power despite losing almost everything during arab conquests. Keeping it allowed Byzantines to see resurgence of their power during Macedonian and Komnenian dynasties. Exactly here was located Nicene Empire that restored Byzantine Empire. Once Byzantines lost control of this region, their fate was decided. And exactly from here Ottomans began creating their magnificent state.

[@ArcAngle1117]

@Souleiman the Great The Ottomans considered themselves the Roman Empire. So they wouldn't have claimed the title "Destroyer of Rome" but more likely "Restorer of Rome".

[@hanifitasova519]

Dear K&G , the history of the Ottomans before 15th century is shrouded in mystery,because the Ottoman archives in Bursa was set ablaze by Timur

[@laemangaraja4239]

How old is the oldest surviving documents?