Making Anti-gravity tubes - Copper & Silver! - Lenz's law - Metal casting Experiment

[@robinson-foundry]

If you're interested in any of the tools or equipment I use and you want to help support the channel then don't forget to check out some of the affiliate links in the video description. Thank you for the support!

[@danijeldanko4498]

Certainly! Here is the English translation of your description: --- **System and Principles** 1. **Cylindrical Magnetic System:** - You have two cylindrical magnets, with one placed inside a tube and the other positioned above it. The magnetic fields of these magnets are oriented such that like poles repel each other, creating a repulsive force between them. 2. **Stabilization:** - The lower magnet is secured to the bottom of the tube to prevent movement. The upper magnet is stabilized using three strong wooden supports that protrude from the inside of the tube. This wooden structure helps maintain the upper magnet's stable position and prevents it from tipping over. 3. **Safety Mechanism:** - A special mechanism and algorithm control and adjust the position of the upper magnet to maintain stability and prevent tipping. This mechanism may include sensors and control systems that continuously monitor and adjust the magnet's position. 4. **Levitation of Load:** - The upper magnet, which levitates due to the repulsive forces and stabilization provided by the wooden supports, can carry a load placed on it. Due to the repulsive force between the magnets and the stabilization from the wooden supports, the upper magnet and the load above it can levitate inside the tube. 5. **Load Bearing:** - When the system is stabilized, you can carry only the tube and the lower magnet, while the upper magnet and the load above it levitate inside the tube. This allows for easier handling and transportation of the system. **Technical Considerations** 1. **Precision of Stabilization:** - The stability of the system depends on the precise construction of the wooden supports and accurate control of the magnetic fields. Any imperfections could affect the levitation stability. 2. **Energy Requirements:** - If electromagnetic coils are used for additional stabilization or control, energy requirements and power supply options need to be considered. 3. **Materials and Design:** - Materials must be carefully selected to withstand the forces involved during operation. Additionally, the design of the stabilization mechanism and control algorithm needs to be thoroughly developed and tested. 4. **Practical Limitations:** - Consider practical challenges such as the size and weight of the system, as well as maintenance and repair possibilities. **Conclusion** Your system, if properly designed and implemented, could enable the levitation of the upper magnet and load within the tube. The key to success lies in precise stabilization, accurate control of magnetic fields, and careful selection of materials and design.

[@danijeldanko4498]

If you wrap the system you're describing with a large coil and turn on the power, it could theoretically levitate, but there are important technical aspects to consider: ### **How the coil affects the magnets:** 1. **Magnetic field of the coil:** - When an electric current passes through the coil (copper wire wrapped around the magnets or the tube), it creates a magnetic field. This magnetic field can interact with the field of the magnets inside the tube. - If the coil's magnetic field is strong enough and correctly oriented, it could enhance the repulsive force between the two magnets, potentially allowing the upper magnet to levitate more stably. 2. **Electromagnetism and levitation:** - If the magnetic fields of the coil and the magnets inside the tube work in harmony, the coil could help maintain the upper magnet’s levitation, reducing the need for supports (such as wooden braces). - In theory, if the magnetic field is strong enough, it could enable not only the levitation of the upper magnet but also the coil itself. ### **Challenges and practical limitations:** 1. **The coil might create resistance:** - While the coil generates a magnetic field, it can also create electromagnetic forces that produce resistance, known as **Lenz's law**. These forces might work against motion, slowing the system down. 2. **Power requirements:** - To generate a magnetic field strong enough to levitate the system, the coil would require a significant amount of electrical power. This could make the system difficult to power and maintain. 3. **Stability:** - The levitation of the entire system depends on the balance between the magnetic fields of the coil and the magnets. If those fields are not perfectly aligned, the system could become unstable. Additionally, the coil itself needs to be properly positioned to allow controlled levitation. 4. **Technical complexity:** - A system combining permanent magnets and electromagnetic coils would require precise control of the current and magnetic fields. This would involve advanced levitation control algorithms, sensors, and sophisticated electronics. ### **Conclusion:** In theory, yes, the coil could enhance levitation and create conditions where both the upper magnet and the coil itself levitate. However, in practice, this would require a significant amount of energy, precise control of the magnetic fields, and mechanical stability. Levitating the entire system is a complex process, and its success depends on the exact synergy between the permanent magnets and the electromagnetic coil.

[@beyond0blivion]

Nothing smart to say right now, so let's enjoy this fun fact... You and that #action lab guy chuckle almost the same length. Peace!

[@divyanshgamer1548]

I want some tool

[@GodIsReal..]

How dose gold respond?

[@mattlong9259]

Knows his stuff, Learns from his mistakes and shows all the details, great channel.

[@robertlantz2206]

I have been fascinated by magnets my whole life, and I am 62 now and still in wonder 😅 They one of nature's true miracles.

[@WricNick]

I can never figure out where the batteries go.

[@robertlantz2206]

@@WricNick 🤣

[@HarmonRAB-hp4nk]

when I hit 18 my brain opened up and research why it does that... and it turned out to be so simple I almost crapped my pants laughing :-\ now I research everything so I know.

[@Flowchattila]

Azt mondják a Kínaiak ezer évvel ezelőtt már, hogy, aki megérti a mágneses titkát, az megérti az emberi életet. Dunai Attila Quantum Team-építő mester

[@appliedengineering4001]

FUN FACT: Did you know that they use this process for the brakes on drop tower rides. Like Drop Line at DollyWood and Panic Plunge at SilverWood theme parks. There's a couple of reasons for using this magnetic system as appose to using friction brakes. 1). It will never wear out, which means it will work with 100% reliability, Something that you want when you're dropping a ride vehicle from 200 feet in the air. 2). It only activates when the ride vehicle is moving faster then the configured speed. This is important so it doesn't put a load on the ride vehicle while it's being hoisted to the top of the tower. This process is 100% passive.

[@st.charlesstreet9876]

Wow, thanks for the info! Does this principle apply to exercise bikes that have magnetic resistance? I really don’t know too much about the engineering of things. 😅

[@ADRIAN-zh4ti]

This is 👍️why allways check YT comments

[@fredrickmiller5165]

Also doesn't require an electric source for 100% safety. The electric does occasionally go out.

[@Toxicity1987]

Modern roller coasters use this system for breaks as well, thus just the need of an very small friction break at the end of an block section.

[@Toxicity1987]

@@toordog1753 Linear induction is just another word for eddy current. Its exactly the same principle.

[@smartengineer2661]

When a small neodymium magnet ball descends through a copper tube under the influence of gravity, it induces an electric current due to the change in magnetic flux within the tube. This phenomenon is called electromagnetic induction. According to Faraday's law, electromagnetic induction creates a current directed to produce a magnetic field opposing the change in the source of that current. The formula for Faraday's law is: ε = -N * (dΦ/dt) where: ε - induced electromotive force (emf), N - number of turns (in the case of the tube, it could be replaced with other parameters related to the tube's geometry), (dΦ/dt) - rate of change of magnetic flux.

[@steamboatwillie7344]

Isn't this Lentz's law application here though. ?

[@Toxicity1987]

This is actually a very known phenomenon, metal impurities affect the conductivity of those metals very negatively. A copper silver alloy has worse conductivity than both those metals in their pure form. And even small impurities already show a negative effect, just 0.1% copper is needed to make the alloy a worse conductor than both. Thats why for electric installations of all kind you want 99.99% pure copper.

[@SameAsAnyOtherStranger]

Then why is it made of copper?

[@Morberis]

​@@SameAsAnyOtherStranger What? They were pretty clear why the alloy has worse conductivity.

[@teslastellar]

​@@SameAsAnyOtherStrangerand because making them out of silver and gold would make the wiring in your house worth more than the house itself

[@CuriousFocker]

Yes, 99.99% pure silver would have given a longer drop time than 99.99% pure copper.

[@CuriousFocker]

@@teslastellar Pure gold has worse conductivity than pure copper. No.1 Silver, No.2 Copper, No.3 Gold, No.4 Aluminium (Aluminum for you Americans) No.5 Zinc

[@joaquimpipa4842]

Does the clearance between the ID of the sleeve and OD of the sphere effect the drag time?

[@rogerbarrett2237]

Something you could have done/ could do in the next installment would be to place the tube on a scale, showing its weight. As the magnet enters and flows down the tube, it should show an increased weight, and will show a further increase when the magnet touches down to the surface of the scale. The ratio of the difference between the falling weight and the Landes weight is the percentage of the acceleration due to gravity that is resisted by the eddy currents produced by the moving magnetic feild.

[@rylandrc]

Once the magnet reaches its 'terminal velocity' in the tube, which appears to happen fairly quickly in these experiments, the scale should read the full additional weight of the magnet, regardless of the metal used (so long as that 'terminal velocity' due to eddy currents is reached). If you're trying to measure the force needed to stop the magnet when it hits the scale, do note that scales are notoriously bad at measuring near instantaneous forces, and are much better at measuring prolonged unchanging forces.

[@billwaterson9492]

This comment section is dope af

[@Metal_Master_YT]

@@rylandrc I was going to say the same thing! I guess I'm glad I checked the replies.

[@erikev]

This is completely wrong. As long as the magnet moves at constant velocity, the weight is the same. Both when flowing and landing. Except a little bump at the time of impact to the bottom.

[@Metal_Master_YT]

@@erikev yes, that has already been commented in the replies.

[@hedbergforgemetalworks7783]

Did you try stacking the copper and silver alternating on top of each other? Curious what that would do?

[@JustinKase1969]

That would be neat to see - maybe with a clear plastic 'washer' between the layers so you can see the time it takes as it makes each transition.

[@PyroForge]

If conductivity is the driving factor in this interaction, try melting copper wire as the source for your metal. The copper used in water pipes is allowed a much looser tolerance for impurities, and only a percent or two can make a noticeable difference in resistance. I'd be curious to see if pure silver works better for similar reasons.

[@xostler]

This. 100x this.

[@Kohlenstoffkarbid]

Dont melt it. DIY melting gets enough inpurity inside to ruin this effort. Buying and machining pure copper is the best way even if it is not as pure as wire copper. Copper is available in different purity grades but it's not always labeled. But if you really want to use melted copper it needs to be from thick stranded wires to reduce at least the influx of surface inpurities.

[@gstephane1985]

My son and I really enjoyed this video. It was fun to explain to him how this works 😊

[@esurfrider7687]

Hey Mr Robinson! I see that cracking is an all too common issue with the suspend a slurry molds and I have a suggestion.. usually any cracking is a result of thermal expansion where excess moisture is present in the mold, and what I would suggest to avoid this in the future is to go ahead and put your mold inside of a filament dryer or dehydrator for 24-48 hours at 50 degrees C, this will help to remove any excess moisture in your mold before burnout and you should avoid the cracking issue. Of course there are other reasons why a mold might crack for example in parts of the mold that were not evenly coated with a thick enough layer but assuming that’s not the case, I think dehydrating is a prudent step to take for preventing moisture related cracks

[@TheLivirus]

Could also be the thermal expansion of the plastic. Thermoplastics generally have high thermal expansion coefficient. A hollow plastic pattern may be preferable, allowing the plastic to yield rather than exert pressure on the surrounding ceramic.

[@xostler]

Could I just go to the welding supply store to do an argon purge?

[@murilovsilva]

Man, I wish I had you as a physics teacher back in high school. This experiment looks just awesome

[@unicornadrian1358]

So glad I found this channel again! I used to have all your bronze casting videos bookmarked.

[@cpselectricmotors]

1st timer watching. I like watching the construction process. Instead of searching for copper or silver thick tubing out in the Aether-net someplace, and you could just buy it💸. You made the whole project from raw materials?!. Fantastic! Also shows the pitfalls that can happen with different alloys. Good comments from one of your commenters about the small percentage of impurities. Just show how much room for more novel inventions to be made. Thanks.

[@jamesyoung7560]

It would have been interesting to hook a VOM up to either end of the metal tubes and see if measurable voltage and current are being induced.

[@josephriley4049]

Probably generating heat so a thermo coupling would be better

[@MakeTeachRepeat]

Few places to insert a probe and you’d need to break the loop. You could maybe use an inductance loop but the magnet would also mess with that.

[@victorfinberg8595]

no, the emf and current go AROUND the tube

[@andybaldman]

There wouldn't be much voltage. That's because you have high currents in a very low resistance environment. And measuring currents wouldn't be easy, because they go around the tube. There's no easy way to install a current meter.

[@OhmSteader]

I have tried sending an LED down with the magnet but never got the right connections to produce light. Not done experimenting yet,.Finding the time for such trivialities of life.

[@proberts34]

Fun and informative video. Thanks for posting it. For future tubes, you might consider using a drill and boring bar on your lathe to remove the material from the inside. Just bring a shop vac. And while you're there, you could just use the lathe to clean up the outside. Easy peasy.

[@singularity844]

I'm curious what mulitple copper rings sandwiched between plastic washers would do. Might allow the magnetic field to switch faster

[@neblina5]

see now the memory IS returning, this is positive so... with this video i can say that its a step closer to your once valued anti gravinty remember that you already had your high tech era. keep up the good work.🎉❤

[@kenjackson5938]

Another great video. For someone who is very new to casting videos, the background of your shop looks very interesting. I checked most of your old videos, and did not find anything about a shop tour. I know I would be very interested in seeing a video tour of your shop and some comment on all the tools you use. I hope others might feel the same. Regards.

[@Johny40Se7en]

This is an interesting and worthwhile experiment. I see this being used for large scale elevators. You could use a silver section for the initial slowing of an elevator because it's not as strong or abrupt, then use the copper part to slow it down further, before using an electro magnet to bring the elevator to a complete stop. You'll have a nice and smooth slowing and stop. Well done fella, and I absolutely love magnets and their potential 😊

[@ernestwilson5591]

I can see this guy is pretty serious about his work/hobby, he must have a fortune invested in his equipment. Interesting show.

[@StuffBudDuz]

I was waiting for you to demonstrate copper over silver in the end-to-end demo so we could really get a feel for the speed difference. Maybe try that with the twenty pounders? Super cool video. Thanks for sharing!

[@ParanormalHorrorArtist]

Seeing as i cast jewelry in sterling, i commend you sir. What a cool method. Thank goodness for sand blasters. Lol. Love these videos.

[@zeto4u]

I think you should try cooling the magnet or the tubes and see if it changes anything. I mean really Cold. It will be fun to see if it will act like a super conductor does when placed over something like liquid nitrogen. It hovers above the cold object.

[@eddyrichards8474]

Cooling the metal should reduce its resistance, so the magnet should fall a little slower. However it won't hover because this induced current/magnetic field effect relies on the magnet moving. Superconductivity is a different phenomenon (and in any case wouldn't apply at any temperatures you could achieve in your garage).

[@TillerSeeker]

I made my own Lenz effect, anti-gravity copper tube some years back by amalgamating together a multiplicity of progressively thicker and thicker diameter copper plumbing pipes with aluminum foil wrapping interspersed where needed in the intervening, interstial gaps between the disparate, external to internal copper pipe diameters. My resultant Lenz effect tube is somewhat thicker, and works even better than the ones demonstrated in this video.

[@slick8086]

I think it might be fun to make a "hover" track. like a twisting turning trough track that a marble could roll down, but a short magnetic cylinder would "hover" down. not sure if you would need opposing magnets or it could just be copper.

[@DailyCorvid]

Wouldn't really work though, all the sections would have to only face down, soon as the marble levels or goes up - the ball will just stop.

[@healer378]

Do you guys know how much of all the world's discoveries and technology have occurred due to garage investigators like this? We really owe them.

[@YepTriedToTellYou]

For thick cast silver tubing you can buy jewelers wax tubes and casting investment then do a similar kiln burnout for a much faster and more cleaner and consistent casting. The whole process takes much less time (12 hours) and the end product will be much cleaner. Or, you can just order extruded silver tubing. It’s not that expensive. Most jewelry supply houses can order any tube diameter you need. Just my .02 from a jewelers perspective.

[@hothmobile100]

Cool experiment. You have a lot of money invested in this so thanks for sharing. I like that you built your own melting furnace out of the keg. But that large ceramic style kiln is a necessity for burning out molds. Those are about 2,000 dollars now.

[@Fizzo20]

Love your videos! This was super cool to see in action. A neat thing to try would be to put the tube on a weigh scale and see the weight increase when you drop the magnet through, even though it's not touching the tube.

[@dennisc3238]

I'll be mentioning it to a good friend of mine, a young physicist who probably learned "lenz law" a long time ago, while I though much older only mastered basic math (lol). I thought of something else when you mentioned feeling the weight of the mag. as it fell--putting the tubes on a scale and observing the difference...if the increase is the weight of the magnet.

[@DJF1947]

He will tell you that it is a standard demonstration ... been 'done to death'.

[@haroldwestrich3312]

wow that is so cool ! ! ! can't wait to see your "Big Copper Tube" ! ! . . . so . . . if you had drilled a hole and installed a rod in the side of the tube and put a little motor on to rotate it - the magnet ball could levitate inside as long as the motor rotates the tube like you were ! ! COOLNESS and AWESOMENESS at the same time ! 😀🌏

[@chauffeurmarco]

Yeah, I have seen it. I Havwe been knowing that for years now and the fist time that I saw few demonstrations of all kind, I just fell out of my chair. I think that cool is an understatement.

[@mcwolfbeast]

I looked up the electrical conductivity of sterling silver and it's slightly less than pure copper (96% vs. 97%) so the result was as-expected. Also, your sterling was pretty heavily tarnished (silver oxide) and that would further reduce your electrical conductivity. Even if it drops by 1% more as a result you'd notice that.

[@Toxicity1987]

Uhh pure copper has an conductivity of 100%, that is the basis of the IACS, pure silver has 104%

[@OhmSteader]

Nice work. I discovered this phenomenon 15 years ago using a magnet from a shake lite in a 4 ft. copper tube. It took 11 seconds to reach bottom. I started thinking it might be a good safety device for elevators & might produce a bit of power as well/

[@chillyshotorbitus5152]

Coper has 8 electrons on last shell, Silver how many ? .....so through which field magnet ball come quicker.

[@nicklogan2]

Cool stuff, I wonder if cutting the coper and silver into segmented ribs and lining them up copper, silver, copper, etc would elicit a faster slow down or negate Lenz's law. would also a magnet rod with a copper rod core force Lenz's law to center the falling magnet in the tube.

[@classicRusty]

The way you knock the molds to the side before closing the lid gives me chills 🥶

[@BigRonRN18]

It seems to me that with a lathe, you could use a boring bar and machine the inside of the "pipe" to make tighter tolerances. With the demonstration of the ball stopping when the two copper "pipes" were sitting on the table, I'm thinking that the gap space between the magnet and the inside diameter plays a significant role. By boring the inside of the pipe to slightly different diameters, compared to the magnet's outside diameter, you can get different results.

[@quixoticjedi942]

I've seen people make penny sorting ramps using this effect by placing two small magnets at the end of a shallow ramp. When a copper penny rolls past the magnets it slows down enough that it drops off at the end of the ramp. The plated pennies fly right past them.

[@lesallison9047]

That is very interesting, thank you 👍

[@rylandrc]

Oh cool!

[@Sedgewise47]

😯 🤔

[@DumbledoreMcCracken]

Makes Cents

[@lucdrouin2625]

You investigated something different with this classical experiment. That was innovative, informative and interesting. Thanks for doing this and sharing your results.

[@letstrytouserealscienceoka3564]

This works the other way around as well. If you drop the metal through a strong magnetic field it will result in the same effect. I used a magnet from a hard disk drive, which has a gap that a coin can pass through, and a very strong field that allows for very precise positioning of the read/write heads. Interestingly a US Nickel falls freely through the field even though it is 75% copper and 25% nickel. A silver bullion coin (99.9% silver) slows way down. A US Quarter Dollar (8.33% nickel & 91.67% copper) does slow through the magnet but not as much as pure silver. Interestingly, the nickel is an alloy, (as is the Sterling silver) whereas the quarter is a clad structure, with a copper/nickel alloy around a pure copper center.

[@Lonchpad1]

I did this with a 3ft copper tube and if you turn the lights off you can see very small arcing, quite cool!

[@matthewbergeron3641]

Could be intresting to have one long tube with a slit cut out along the side so you can watch the ball drop, and have the tube have sections of different metals so you can see the speed changes

[@mikewuerth4218]

I wonder... Does the induced current have to be able to flow around the tube? Would cutting a slit break the circuit? Maybe just drill holes every so often to keep the ring intact, while letting you see the magnet drop.

[@lynngill1588]

thanks for running this with great camera angles it answered a question I had after seeing the opening scene .

[@Me-lf8uz]

The first experiment that you have in the video with the long thin walled copper tube is very interesting because of the longer time it takes for the magnet to drop through. This could be roughly timed by a second person with a stop watch. Then try placing cylindrical lead weights ( with same diameter of magnet) of various lengths (meaning they would have differing weights) onto one end of the magnet using double back sticky tape then drop it through the tube and time it again for each weight. I don’t know what will be the relation between speed versus the added weight. It might be interesting. As always magnets are very brittle and should always use safety goggles. Thanks.

[@tjjohn9785]

Great experiment illustrates the idea of damping due to electrical current generated from a moving magnet .

[@jeffcarr392]

The reduced speed of the magnet is almost peaceful and tranquil. I'm a lover of puzzles too, I'm wondering if it would be possible if the integration of the reduced speed could be incorporated into a puzzle somehow. Cool video.

[@AlphaAchilles]

Lenz Law has got to be the most popular science video on the internet. I see it literally everywhere by every channel.

[@Smooj]

Can't wait to see the big one! Silver is cool, but so is copper! :D

[@pk2712]

This is a wonderful demonstration of Lenz's law . This demonstration should be done in physics classes when they cover electromagnetism .

[@erikev]

I have an "Anti gravity" table. I put things on it and they dont fall straight to the center of the earth. Really mysterious and fantastic.

[@randomaxe662]

His misinformed clickbait title is odd considering how much serious effort he puts into his projects.

[@lindagitschlag4522]

@@randomaxe662 Still, the anti-gravity idea is attractive. If only we could actually develop this and see it come true. Sigh.

[@chrislong3938]

This is wild! Thanks! Molten silver sure is pretty! I love the high-speed sound effects!

[@jonwatte4293]

Did you consider boring out the ceramic from the inside using some abrasive tool on the lathe, instead of sand blasting? I wonder if that would work well?

[@thiruchelvamselvaratnam2252]

You are supporting children who are really interested in learning by doing Thanks.

[@jbrise7560]

Very interesting! I think that’s the same principle behind how an alternator in a gas powered car works. A metal piece is rotated inside of a thick band of copper wires which produces a current.

[@judelarkin2883]

Always appreciate the videos. I hope to get my own foundry setup and it is useful to see the challenges.

[@grezamisoit]

I thunk you should do it again with "purer" metal and answer all questions in the comments. This is a very nice phenomen and your video is very nice to watch!

[@edwardfoley4276]

I was surprised you didn't stack the tubes alternately, Cu, Ag, Cu, Ag, and see the drop speed transition between the segments. Seemed like a lot of work, but nice demo!

[@LloydScharf]

& what would happen if Ag tube were heat shrunk inside a Cu tube and vice versa?

[@BiswajitBhattacharjee-up8vv]

Yes , it's a free fall via a hollow cylinder. A static field of metallic body have a condense effect. I like the video very much, it puts more effort to brain and mind than you have invested to do make the mold.

[@PaulDeanBumgarner]

I have an experiment for you. Take a shot at weighing the combo while the ball is falling through the tubes. But first, try to calculate the forces and determine the weight that you expected.

[@braydenmandavia4185]

Place the spherical magnet in some static position, optimally at an offset from the surface it lays on. If you proceed to attach either the hollow copper or silver cylinders to the end of some rotary tool such that the axis of rotation of the tool and the cylinder are equal, then proceed to place the cylinder attached to the rotary tool’s axis of rotation perpendicular to the surface that the spherical neodymium magnet lays upon, while intersecting with the center point of the magnet, then when imparting a rotational velocity on the cylinder in these conditions, should keep the sphere in the cylinder, so long as angular velocity remains at a certain level

[@johnyu1750]

Already knew that stuff about the magnet in the copper tube. But that was some cool foundry stuff. Don’t get the magnet wet or it’s over.

[@goodmanboattransport3441]

Does the wall thickness of the tube affect the rate of fall? Can you machine the outsides of the copper to say 1/16, or 1/8 inch and time the rate of fall? Reason I ask is a magnet holds harder on thick steel as compared to sheet metal. Also would be interested in the rate of fall in a gold tube, but that's an expensive experiment 😊 Great job, thanks for posting

[@sachabinky2915]

yes, the thicker the wall, the slower the fall

[@gregcarnes80]

I thought you might try put all the tubes together and observe the magnetic ball fall through the copper into the sterling silver... very cool experience!

[@Sean_XT]

The cracking in the shell was likely from trapped moisture in the ceramic, you likely needed to let it dry for another few hours minimum before heating it

[@mikewuerth4218]

Fun to see all these techniques! Makes me want my own kiln.

[@Mike__B]

This was a super cool demonstration, I do a similar one in the physics classes I teach when I get to induced magnetic fields, unfortunately I'm limited to the thickness of copper that is sold at home depot as a result the slow down effect isn't quite as significant. Definitely is cool though with the spherical magnet too as you can do all sorts of rolling demos

[@billmeade9029]

I bought 1 copper and one aluminum 4"×4"×1" thick plate on Ebay and or Amazon and a 2 1/4" fishing magnet and made a pendulum with 3/4 pvc pipe and fitings and all thread to hold the magnet and raise and lower it just above the plate and swing it over it and it stops in its tracks, if you understand what I'm saying maybe you can build something similar 🤷‍♂️

[@cuzz63]

When my son was in school and had a science project we built a rack from wood and I attached a Copper pipe about 2 ft long, also an aluminum pipe same length and diameter. I also attached a same length and diameter PVC pipe.. the PVC was to show how the magnet freefalls...drop in the copper or alum pipe and the magnet drops very slowly. We set it up using stacks of coin magnets...more magnets in the stack slows down the drop speed.

[@lfoggy3061]

I machined a copper tube with a 26mm bore and 20mm wall thickness. A 25mm diameter magnetic ball seems to just hang there barely moving. I think the thickness of the conductor and the gap make a big difference to the effect....

[@cade2561]

It would be interesting to stack the tubes, with copper on top, silver in the middle and copper on the bottom. I’m curious what it would look like falling through and if there would be a soeed change or not

[@sohum63]

I was willing him to try that when he was playing with them, killed me that he didn’t try alternating them.

[@johnkruk6929]

A beautiful presentation thank you for sharing with all the Utube community loved it 👍🌟

[@the-best-fragments-of-movies]

Dude, you have a cool workshop and great tools!

[@stephenobrien2859]

What's really cool is dropping a wafer magnet down a longer copper tube. Our daughter did it for her science fair several years ago, she did time races with different objects of the same weight through the tubes. the magnet was the slowest. She received an A. The wafer magnet will flip over about halfway down the tube. Rare earth magnets were the slowest & other magnets were a bit quicker and they flipped over as well. What we didn't try was using a magnet-tube combination which wouldn't allow the magnet to reverse - I wonder if it would stop at the flipping point?

[@Jim0i0]

Super cool. How about trying it with graphite? I've tried using carbon fiber tubes with no success. You'd think that because carbon is so conductive, it would work great, but no such luck. My best guess is that the carbon fibers weren't densely packed enough in the composite matrix to be effective. So maybe a pure graphite tube would work.

[@jamesdelb6885]

Nice workshop there. Kiln furnace, sand blaster etc. quite nice.

[@9292423]

What happens if the clearance between the magnet and tube is reduced?

[@sachabinky2915]

it will slow down. interestingly, i used a 6 foot long 60mm diameter aluminium pipe with 8mm sidewall and dropped a 20mm x 30mm cylindrical magnet down while standing on a chair so i could watch it, and it tumbled end over end in slow motion all the way down,, was spectacular to see.,,and seeing it could never hit the edge was all the more satisfying.

[@DimaPetrov-v9f]

Здравствуйте! У вас очень профессионально оснащённая домашняя мастерская! Удачи!

[@adamflores4206]

It would be interesting if you could measure the weight of the tube while the magnet is falling through it and compare it to the individual weights.

[@stanleypeters5383]

I worked at Argos Inc. Sculpture Castings in their Ceramic Dept. I have some advice for your ceramic shelling. The P.L.A. "blanks" should be rotated 360° (at a slight angle) over a drip pan/ tray, or the suspended slurry bucket to evenly coat the Blank's surface. If you can print an aerated plenum(plate) with pores smaller than silicate sand, build an fluidized sand bed with high enough side and an inlet large enough for a large volume air to enter at a slow speed under the plenum secured near the bottom with space below for the air to spread out. Baffles on the underside of the plenum can direct the air to spread out before coming up through the plenum for a greater area of 'fluffing' the sand. With the compressor running, open the valve attached to the inlet pipe slowly then adjust the valve until you have a 'Slow Boil' affect to the movement of the sand. Holding your blanks handle slowly, gently immerse the blank into the aerated sand, rolling,turning for even coverage. When it looks covered Remo e and inspect it for complete cover, handle sprinkle more sand into the cavities and areas that might have been missed. That's one coat, let it dry in a room for 24 Hours for the first coat, 6-8 hours for the subsequent 9-10dips, with medium to low humidity, 60%-40%, with a fan to keep the air circulating at medium to high speed.

[@AdvancedInnovations]

Awesome video, I found two hidden treasures in your video, thanks.

[@paleogeology9554]

As an engineer I can see how Lenz's law could be applied into elevator technology. Think how much energy you could save! This would be great for mobile elevator systems to haul freight or even ore from mine shafts.

[@caalcazar]

Excelente publicación!!! Exitos y trascendencia!!!! Me pregunto, porque aun no han creado motores de combustión magneticos, si, de manera que eviten la friccion, o la reduzcan. Seria un buen proyecto.

[@Richard.Dawson]

You should try to do a collab with Diresta. He *REALLY* could use your help with the casting process.

[@bridges5659]

That's great ! With the silver , you can make a nice bracelet.

[@synterr]

I think this would work even better with smaller inner diameter of the tubes (more precission fit with the ball), so more magnetic field will penetrate tubes wall.

[@garyseckel295]

That was both incredible and educational!

[@realcygnus]

Nifty ! So, if copper had the best(slowest) result & it's known that silver has the best thermal & electrical conductivity, it would seem to be a contradiction to conclude that the silver was worse(faster) bc of its copper contamination. Yet I'd guess it does indeed have something to do with the alloy's crystal structures or something & perhaps other chemical or even QM aspects. Also, a good test would be to see just how significant wall thickness is, I always assumed the thicker the better but is that necessarily true & to what extent ?

[@maraphytotechnologysolutio4298]

The man is just a Genius at his craft

[@davidl.howser9707]

Would be interesting to align the N52 Sphere with another Bar Magnet while laying both Sphere, and Bar magnets stuck together on a flat surface, with the Bar Magnet set on the table so the narrow edge is oriented vertically to the plan of the table to squarely contact the Sphere's surface at the Equator. Then when both magnets are opposit pole attracted with aligned North/South use a Sharpie Permanent Marker to paint a black outlined line to show the Sphere's North & South Poles using a carpenters, or machinist square to draw with by rotating the Sphere while adding a black permanent marker line to outline the Sphere's Equator. Then using permanent marker stain the Sphere's nickel plate surface in two different colors such as Red/Blue or Red/Green to brightly display the Sphere's North/South poles. Then video record the drop of the color stained N52 Magnetic Sphere through the two metal tubes of Copper & Silver to record the N52 Sphere watching how the colorized North & South poles spin, or tumble in what observable slow motion different direction, or oscillating patterns when experiencing the two different metal's repulsive forces. After recording, use 91% Isopropyl alcohol and a tissue to clean off the marker stain from your N52 magnet Sphere's surface, restoring the magnets original nickel finish.

[@matthewk7507]

I wish you had placed the copper pipe over the top and under the silver pipe, then dropped the neodymium magnet ball through. Doing this has a very interesting result. You could have skimmed the copper impirities out of the silver before pouring it for the casting, which was very obvious when you poured. This was an interesting video in any case, and I hope you had fun playing with the magnets.

[@CharlesHopkins]

You could use Silver Plating process to make the silver more pure to see if the purity affects how much slowing occurs.

[@physicsguybrian]

Sterling silver does not have as high of conductivity as pure silver. Pure silver is about 7% more conductive than pure copper. Stands to reason the sterling silver has lower conductivity than copper and therefore oppose the falling magnet less. Lenz's Law states that magnetically induced electric current (here in the tube around the circumferentially) would be circulating in a direction such that its self-generated magnetic field would oppose the change in magnetic field introduced by the falling magnet. Therefore we have the magnet's weight due to gravity pulling toward the ground while the opposing magnetic field force is directed upward. The net acceleration is a result of the vector sum of opposing forces divided by the mass of the magnet. a = ΣF/m. Notice the fall rate seems constant. This means the acceleration is zero and therefore the net force is zero - the weight is cancelled by the Lenz force if you will. The added weight you feel while the magnet is falling through the tube is exactly the weight of the magnet via the mechanism of the equally opposing magnetic force that originates in the tube. Hang the tube from a scale, then watch the total weight as the magnet falls through the tube. You will see the total weight increases by the magnet weight. If you could high speed film the insertion into the tube you'd see a very short range of negative acceleration where the magnetic sphere starts at freefall (~9.8 m/s/s) and decelerates down to a constant speed. I suspect, though never tested this....that once the entire sphere is within the tube, it has constant speed. Prior to that, the part of the spherical magnet outside the tube still has a component of its weight but that part of its weight is not countered by the opposing magnetic field until inside the tube. The action here is nature's attempt to counter change - to put things into their lowest energy state. BTW, this is not anti-gravity in any way whatsoever. Gravity is still very alive and well throughout this entire process 'cause you'd have to remove the planet from our general proximity by a very large distance to achieve an anti-gravity state. What's going on here is a balance of forces - one gravitational (we call it weight of a mass) and one magnetic - they oppose equally and oppositely resulting in zero net force. If this effect could turn gravity off, then the magnet would launch vertically upward as a result of an unbalanced force. Clearly that does not happen. I hope this is insightful and interesting. Retired physics professor wanting to share cool stuff that is not alway obvious to the casual observer. Cheers!!!

[@Morberis]

Your reply is great, but is not very readable.

[@physicsguybrian]

@@Morberis How should I change it to be more readable? Explain please. I am happy to edit if it helps.

[@Morberis]

@@physicsguybrian I don't know if you want to edit this post. But break it up into paragraphs. In normal writing what you posted probably would be 1 paragraph but in KZbin comments as read on a phone it is a very large block of text where it is difficult to keep track of both your current spot and other information. The goal is to be able to quickly find information. 1 test you could try is to look away, scroll a bit, and then look back. If you can quickly find your spot where you paused reading and identify where other topics are you did well.

[@physicsguybrian]

@@Morberis Thanks! I almost never use my phone...always at a computer with big Old screen. I will make it more readable. TY again! Much appreciated!

[@Morberis]

@@physicsguybrian Ahh ok. In that case a good rule of thumb might be ~2-4 sentences per paragraph. Happy to help

[@Peter_A1466]

Can you see a speed difference if you stack the tubes alternating on top of each other and drop the magnet through?

[@Bushy-73]

What kind of sorcery witchcraft voodoo is this 😅

[@cocosloan3748]

Good for car shock absorbers or dampeners 👍👍 Imagine having those - smooth ride - long lasting unlimited ...

[@LTV_inc]

Stop saying it’s antigravity

[@Cobalt_Colonel]

It may be how perceived anti gravity devices work...

[@daveedwards1257]

Try spinning the tube with a vertical lathe or drill to see if it stays suspended or slows down its decent or stops it with rotation.

[@phizldwarf]

Omg you found the most difficult way to make those 😳😅

[@dakotapeters5654]

So how you got it to break when rolling it just now 10:36 I'm wondering. If you had the copper and silver tubes on their side in the shape, they it dead stop and not let the ball pass through if you dropped it. Or even if you had let's say, 4 or 5 tubes connected or close to connected and tried to drop the magnet through the center of them, would it change the effect. What if there is already a magnet in between them or if there was already a magnet inside each of them also would it matter if you changed the shapes of the magnets or the directions of the poles I mean just curious what can be done or not done with this stuff cause magnets are one of the things we don't happen to know much about.

[@marioamayaflamenco]

Beautiful the way you handle those materials (casting).