Russian Cases: The Prepositional Case of Modifiers

For beginners: an overview of the prepositional case forms of modifiers (adjectives, etc) in Russian. You'll use these forms to describe a location, or something you're talking 'about': "in a big city," "in a small apartment," or "about my books."
To get the most of this tutorial, you should be comfortable with concepts of hard and soft consonants.
NOTE: for consistency, at 1:2, the two last forms at the left should be последняя and синяя (feminine).
For over 200 videos like this one, and over 400 embedded comprehension checks, exercises, quizzes, and example sentences, visit my Russian Grammar Library Project at www.tips4russi....
For free sample lessons on verbs of motion, start at www.tips4russi...
Free sample lessons on participles: www.tips4russi...

[@thornton]

Just wanted to say thank you for the style of these videos. It's so much easier to learn from than a lot of channels. Trying to be productive in quarantine and your videos make it easier, so thank you!

[@russiangrammar]

Glad you like them! I'm spending much of my quarantine working on updating and expanding videos for a project to be announced in the next month or so... stay tuned! ))

[@basschippers3463]

Just started working my way through your videos starting from the oldest ones! Already loving the clear explanations. Was doing duolingo for a long time but found it lacking a lot of explanations for the grammar. This is already helping. Большое спасибо!

[@russiangrammar]

Many people get frustrated with Duolingo's lack of explanations; another issue is that Russian word order depends largely on context and tone, which aren't reflected in Duolingo's single, isolated sentences. If you want to continue using an app, consider mangolanguages.com (free through some libraries), which includes grammar tips as you go - I'm using for Ukrainian and like it so far. I'm glad you're finding my channel helpful, thanks for the comment!

[@basschippers3463]

@@russiangrammar yeah that has definitely been bothering me as well. I will check that one out, thank you. Do you also have a recommendation for a good book/workbook that I could order for grammar? Have seen multiple options online but maybe you know of a good one. In the meanwhile I am gonna keep checking out your videos and taking notes!

[@aussiesurfer7236]

Direct and to the point as always. Thank you very much.

[@hereinspiration227]

I think your channel is best in the world . Among all teachers

[@russiangrammar]

Спасибо, Daniel!

[@marinagrishayeva857]

Amazing! 💙

[@jacquelinelnoel]

thanks so much! you're teaching is very clear and so helpful!!

[@kemchobhenchod]

crisp.. wish we got to see more of your personality

[@ioanadraghiceanu7184]

thank you!!!!

[@watchvids7802]

At 4:13, the sentence "What to wear to see in the New Year?"… it means 'What should I wear during the New Year's festivities/ at Dec 31st on 12 p.m.', correct? (non-native English speaker asking here.)

[@russiangrammar]

Just Honest Да!

[@hyn__als]

I checked a russian comprehensive grammar book at the pronunciation section and the voiced and voiceless parts are just a drop in the ocean 😢😢 there were so many exceptions. Let me just paste this down and mind u this is just c part in a small note of a 11 part of a 32 or 33 parts as a whole idk wth im saying Г is pronounced as [x] in лёгкий 'light, easy', jére 'easier', мягкий 'soft' and mire 'softer', as well as in bor 'God' (only in the singular nominative case, however). The initial consonant in Господи! 'Lord!' is now usually pronounced as [g], though [h] is still heard. The noun бухгалтер 'book-keeper' is the only word in which xr is pronounced as hi.

[@russiangrammar]

Hm, sounds like you're looking at p 12 of Wade's Comprehensive Grammar, right? 🙂 That's a great resource *but* you don't need to worry about all the details at once. When you're starting out, it's best to get comfortable with the basics of final devoicing (kzbin.info/www/bejne/l4S0g5mJrqarm5o) and voicing in clusters (kzbin.info/www/bejne/j4CcpaSeaZtjha8), and of course hard & soft consonants (kzbin.info/www/bejne/oJ-7lXpnYslsY80). Sections 17 & up in Wade are on word analysis you don't need for now. But mostly: spend lots of time listening to audio resources of your text (if you don't have one, try mezhdunami.org) and repeating out loud so you develop a feel for what sounds right. That's how I survived getting used to spelling in Irish. 😅

[@hyn__als]

@@russiangrammar yes!! I try to balance my studying by watching some of your videos after stuffing a bit rules from Wade’s book, as a way of preventing myself from feeling mundane & discouraged from learning too much stuff 🥳 You videos are short yet succinct and concise, you are the best!! Thank you so much for putting your time and effort into creating these lessons ☺️🙏🏻

[@wwoonnjjuunn]

In terms of resulted by soft and hard consonant, if the word is новый, which one determine that? В? ы? Sorry if it appeared in your video

[@russiangrammar]

+miraclehappen The letter ы can only follow a hard consonant, so that's how we know the в in новый is hard. In Вика or Виктор, using the letter и shows that the в in those names is soft. So: there's only one letter for each hard & soft consonant pair; the spelling of the following vowel sound shows whether it's hard or soft. If there's no following vowel sound (at the end a word, or before a consonant), then a soft sign ь will show the preceding consonant is soft. There's a review of this at kzbin.info/www/bejne/qKDIp6aEZt91opY :).

[@wwoonnjjuunn]

Russian grammar thank you so much! your video is great!

[@coolterminator99]

at 1:25, arent паследний and синий feminine?, like: паследняя and синяя, respectively? Awesome video man!

[@russiangrammar]

Oops, yes, for consistency I should have had последняя and синяя (feminine nominative forms) in the left column. Thanks for catching that, I'll put up a fix soon!

[@coolterminator99]

@@russiangrammar Thank you so much!

[@neezduts69420]

Is ей stressed like е́й? It's how it sounds to me. Also can you elaborate on the -яя ending? It's very confusing.

[@russiangrammar]

-ей isn't really stressed in this ending, though it may have seemed that way as I tried to give it some emphasis, just since we're contrasting different endings. The -яя ending is used after stems that end in a soft (palatalized) consonant, as in синяя, последняя, where that н is a soft consonant. You can find a more detailed explanation in this video: kzbin.info/www/bejne/oWaXl2Oopc95l5I :)

[@neezduts69420]

@@russiangrammar thank you ☺️

[@GetfitStoreOfficial]

if you pleased, can you address me to a good application or documents where i can practice more. thank you by the way for this big effort in simplify that headache

[@russiangrammar]

Между нами is a very well done, free online textbook - you might look at this page, in a chapter that covers prepositional endings: www.mezhdunami.org/unit03/3_8/language.shtml

[@wwoonnjjuunn]

at 2:45 , last two things, why they changed like that? for adin(have no russian keyboard on my computer sorry), where is "e"sound and for chei, why it changed like that? or would you let me know what video should i watch to know that please?

[@russiangrammar]

+miraclehappen Forms of один are a little tricky - the и disappears when you add an ending: один студент but одного студента, одному студенту, etc. You can see more about один in this video: kzbin.info/www/bejne/oIfFiH5tg5p_j7s There's a reason the forms of чей change the way they do, but it's more involved than many beginning students want to hear, and many prefer to just memorize them. A handful of other adjectives/modifiers are similar, like 'third' - третий, третьего, третьему, etc.

[@wwoonnjjuunn]

Russian grammar thank you for your quick replying! additionally, would you teach me when 니TO changed into 니EM and 니E(yo)M. such as, O 니EM and C 니E(yo)M. and why KTO change to KOM and 니TO change to 니E(yo)M. sorry i have no russian keyboard

[@russiangrammar]

Кто (who) and что (what) change for case, too, so the forms will need to fit the context. Кто/что become кем/чем in the instrumental case, for example С кем он говорил? Who was he talking with? Чем он писал? What was he writing with? Кто/что are ком/чём in the prepositional case: О ком он говорил? Who was he talking about? О чём она говорила? What was she talking about? It's really important to learn the forms of кто and что for each case you learn, because they're used really often (and not just in questions, in other constructions too!).

[@wwoonnjjuunn]

thank you so much!

[@wwoonnjjuunn]

+ why question word changed like that?

[@robert_wigh]

Why does ‘I’ change to ‘me’? Why does ‘who’ change to ‘whom’? These are the same questions, in Russian pronouns, adjectives, nouns and yes question word changes depending on case. This is to convey more meaning, more information. Thus, words like ‘что’ and ‘кто’ have 6 forms each: что́, чего́, чему́, что́, че́м & чём; кто́, кого́, кому́, кого́, ке́м & ком (yes, some forms are identical to each other).

[@russiangrammar]

Yes - thanks Robert. It's really helpful to learn these forms of что & кто as you learn the cases, because they have other uses too - in expressions like 'everyone who(m) I know..' = (все, кого...) or 'everything that I know' (всё, что я знаю).It's also a common shorthand for showing which case should be used with a verb - помогать/помочь is used with dative, so you'll see помогать (кому/чему).

[@abdouxr]

This is literally hard lesson

[@jjeoreo6813]

давай поговорим о моем плохом русском))0)