Russo-Turkish War 1877-78 | 3 Minute History

[@mustafaaustinpowers5748]

It's hard knock life when you know your empire is under siege from different empires at once.

[@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014]

Just like the Byzantines

[@bruhmcchaddeus413]

Just like greeks? Lol so greeks were never beaten?

[@wankawanka3053]

Byzantines for 1000plus years :first time ?

[@zxera9702]

@@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014 Some cons do come when inheriting legacy of Rome.

[@simeontb5557]

It's hard to be in slavery for 5 decades...

[@nApucco]

It all comes together. With each and every video you're getting closer to one continues playlist of the history of the world. :) It's great to get bits and pieces every now and then and rewatch old videos that follow or prelude the history in the current one. Great projekt!

[@JabzyJoe]

Freedomsaver Ha, I'll leave it for my children to complete.

[@RealShadowYB]

@@JabzyJoe hehehe

[@JohanDuck]

The British ruining things again

[@frenchmasterrace574]

Duck Rectum as always

[@borob0224]

But at the same time Russia was their rival so letting them have istanbul would be bad for the brits

[@mikehike596]

Have no fear, haters; the British made up for this tremendous "faux pas" by implementing the stillborn 1920 Treaty of Sèvres, *ten thousand times worse* than Versailles (so unfair, leading to Hitler's rise) which would have amounted to a *death sentence* for the Turkish nation. Thanks for making a "Rectum" of yourself, Duck, with your runaway xenophobia. .

[@kasadam85]

Cry

[@wankawanka3053]

@@kasadam85 show respect to your saviours first the Brits😂

[@Decebal1906]

April 1877, Romania and the Russian Empire signed a treaty at Bucuresti under which Russian troops were allowed to pass through Romanian territory, with the condition that Russia respected the integrity of Romania. Due to great losses in Bulgaria, Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich, the Russian commander-in-chief, asked Carol I of Romania for the Romanian Army to intervene and join forces with the Russian Army. Carol I of Romania accepted the Duke's proposal to become the Marshal of the Russian troops beside the Romanian Army, thus Carol of Romania lead the combined armed forces to the conquest of Plevna after heavy fighting. The Romanian Army won the battles of Grivitsa and Rahova, on 28 November 1877 the Plevna citadel capitulated, and Osman Pasha surrendered the city, the garrison and his sword to the Romanian colonel Mihail Cerchez. After the occupation of Plevna, the Romanian Army returned to the Bulgarian side of Danube and won the battles of Vidin and Smârdan. January 1878, the Ottoman Empire requested an armistice, which was accepted by Russia and Romania, thus finally Ottoman Empire recognized the independence of Romania. Bulgaria proclamed its independence in 1908, after the Young Turk Revolution Romanian Mausoleum in Grivitsa (Bulgaria) www.bulgariainside.eu/en/articles/Romanian-Mausoleum,-Grivitsa/942/index.html

[@dagoduhate1912]

gabriel ion Romanian and Russian army go in Plevna ,Lovech.Russian army and Bulgarian volunteers go in Tarnovo,Gabrovo and Shipka pass

[@alinmogosi6905]

Jegoșii de ruși ne-au luat Basarabia, jegoșii, ne-au lăsat Dobrogea, că nu era a lor și ne-a luat Basarabia contrar acordului semnat. Locuitorii Dobrogei au primit cetățenie română cu drepturi depline, inclusiv la propietate indiferent de etnie, sau religie. Când mergi prin Dobrogea nu îți este frică de nimeni, se conviețuiește in bună pace. Dobrogea este prețul pe care otomanii trebuiau să îl plătească pentru secolele de dominație peste țările române. Nu suntem ranchiunoși, suntem chit

[@KrakenSinkingShips]

@Vvv Vvv russians were getting their ass kicked and loosing the war otherwise they would not have requested help. Of course Russia's army was the main one but they were placed under romanian leadership. In the end it was a joint effort which neither Russia nor Romania would have won by themself. Russia even today doesn't recognize the aid offered by Romania during the Russo-Turkish war. Almost forgot, the ottomans surrendered to romanias and not russians, this should tell you something...

[@countersniperssr]

@@alinmogosi6905 da a cui era Dobrogea?

[@alinmogosi6905]

@@countersniperssr deja era provincie tătărească, si era a otomanilor de drept. Tocmai, suntem chit. Dacă mă gândesc bine, se putea mai rau sub turci, a fost binișor, dat fiind faptul că Bulgarii, grecii, sârbii erau sub opinca directă a administrației otomane

[@osman_gultekin]

19 July 1878, Plevna, Bulgaria Upon fall of Nicopolis by early 1878, Russian-Romanian forces went on other danube fortresses that blocks logistics for road to Constantinople, they went on Plevna. 25.000 Russian forces assaulted the city in 20 July and the local garrison, relatively smaller than russians, left majority of frontier defenses. But next day, Osman Pasha, the marshall of Turkish forces in serbia went with taking 15.000 men, the Turks countered the russians by bayonet assaults, thanks to their Pound and Winchester rifles. Thoose rifles played a decisive role during the battles of pleven, along with the Krupp artillery armament. With first attack failed, Russians came in a force twice as much before, and Osman pasha had reinforced his men by Suleyman Pasha's reinforcements from Sofia and Plovdiv. The Russians fought hard, launching infantry and cavalry assaults on the redoubts and entrehcments of ottoman forces, however, they had a phyrric victory, and later on had to retreat from the occupied defenses, as soon as Turks launches counter attacks. With this battle, Russians requested help from Carol of Romania. Nearly 40.000 Romanian and 110.000 Russian forces concentrated on Plevna, with additional forces in Lofcha was positioned, and Osman Pasha reinforced his men to 40.000-50.000 men, coalition attacks from three directions met in limited success, but costing many men due to well-armament and command of Ottoman troops, they once again repelled coalition attacks. However, Romanians on Grevitza would never be fully repelled, which kicked off the turkish assaults. During the battle, Russian forces also took Village of Lofcha, the logistic road checkpoint between Balkans and the Plevna garrison. In the Fourth battle, turks werent able to take reinforcements, and was numbered down to 36.000 men, while Russian-Romanian army was this time matching 180.000 (sometimes told as 200.000, not all are combatant) men, besieged the city from all sides, realizing they cant conquer it by direct frontal assaults. Edhem Pasha (commander of Ottoman army in 1897 war) with a small force on men came from Sofia to aid, they attcked the coalition forces to make their way to the city, Edhem was wounded in the head but were able to reinforce the city with extra supplies. Osman Pasha knew he cant hold for long, and he planned a charge to break encirclement and form a new defense in southern bulgaira. 40.000 Turks with 60 artilleries begun an assault onto 130.000 Russians and 26.000 Romanians with 180 artilleries, Osman and Edhem fought like low ranks with bayonets, Edhem wounded from arm, and Osman Pasha was shot in the leg, and garrison attacks was left unsuccesfull, and Ottoman forces surrendered. In 10 December 1878, Plevna garrison surrendered to a four-times larger coalition army after fighting for 5-6 months, their resistance prevented fall of constantinople, and further, fall of Ottoman Empire. This battle changed the military view of 1900's, as trenches became main defense fortification of armies, and Bolt Action rifles begun replacing the breech-laoding musket type weapons, and also changed course of history by the way. it became so long, who will even read this? lol.

[@Raantas]

I read! Danube river won't flow its surroundings, Osman Pasha won't surrender!

[@alsid5089]

I read it too, well put tribute for the defenders of plevne.

[@unrealturbos]

Thank you Romania . The country always forgotten when we Bulgarians thank Russia for our freedom

[@euyeonkhan9560]

the name of 'Bulagria' had come from "Bulgar kaganate", the state of turkish. we still remember its history.

[@spiro377]

+Euyeon Khan Bulgarians -Skits...Atila administracia ...Bulgar kaganat...He-he remember its histori.

[@ShockDD]

+Euyeon Khan How come Google doesn't find anything about "bulgar kaganate" then? Haha. Nice history your grandma taught you.

[@frenchmasterrace574]

Euyeon Khan buddy,you don't know shit.There was no khanate of Bulgaria Your Turkish leaders just fill up your minds with shit

[@alt-monarchist]

unrealturbos Bulgaria betrayed Russia and Romania and sided with the Turks and Germans in world war one

[@macaroni9496]

I love how this was one of the last Russo-Turkish wars and you can tell they were fed up with the Ottomans and weren't taking any more shit

[@whocares435-z9v]

Did the British still use sail boats in 1887? I thought warships were made of metal by that time.

[@JabzyJoe]

Lovenought I'm afraid that was just me being lazy and reusing old images.

[@adventureinc1568]

Ironclad were still new.

[@岡充太郎]

+Captain Inc In China?

[@adventureinc1568]

岡充太郎 Blah, I met to say Ironclads were still a new weapon to the entire world.

[@kapitan19969838]

Criminally underrated history

[@dargon1084]

This is so useful for my work, thanks alot Jabzy!!

[@JabzyJoe]

Glad to hear it

[@VladVlad-ul1io]

Man! You are awesome. Thanks a lot Jabzy. :D

[@JabzyJoe]

Avadhut Kasinadhuni Cheers

[@daveharrison84]

2:00 are those mustaches or open mouths?

[@JabzyJoe]

David Harrison Like any great artwork, its open to interpretation.

[@mysir6260]

mustache

[@lefty6774]

I lolled at that man holding the musket at 0:39 excellent video as alway though, keep it up ;)

[@hermaeusmora345]

I especially love the part where the Muslim Ottomans had to give civil liberties to non Muslims.

[@neilghosh3821]

Hermaeus Mora indeed this reforms even lead to uprising among the Muslim population especially the Bosniaks and albanians

[@MNKY80808]

You're a fantastic KZbinr and you deserve much more views than you have Jabz. Keep up the hard work bruv.

[@JabzyJoe]

+Billie Spalding Thanks a lot

[@yegenek]

This war was called the war between the Blind and Crippled due to the disastrous events, lack of wellfare and rate of casualties on both sides. Number of soldiers succumbed to illness and hunger was greater than the battlefield. Great number of civilians died and much more had to leave their homeland. Although Russia was the victor and had many gains, the toll of the war was so great that it hastened the events which led to the collapse of both empires in WWI.

[@Skswords825]

@yegenek are you really well versed on this war? if so, could we pm and do you think you could share with me what you know? its for a movie im writing based on this war

[@50jamboree]

I believe that Rumanian participation is underestimated. Going deep into Bulgaria, the Russians were soon encircled by Turks. It was the time when they cabled Prince Charles of Rumania asking for help. Interesting fact, after losing the fierce battles of Grivitza, Pleven and Smardan, Turkish commander capitulated together with his whole army and gave up his sword to Rumanian col. Cerchez, wishing "Good Luck to his young and brave army".

[@aleksk4151]

bravo Romania! respect from a Bulgarian to your Heroes.

[@50jamboree]

Privet ot Saedinenite Shtati!

[@tica8228]

Hona Hona bro read the news at that time, Romania liberated Plevna after the 2 armies merged althought the army was realy outnumbered, so that move was deserved imo

[@0hn0haha]

1870's Russian here. Ty for the help, and you're welcome for helping with and securing your independence as well. Just got one thing to ask - if the Germans ever decide to invade and genocide my people, don't join with them, m'kay?

[@0hn0haha]

1940's Russian - you motherfuckers.... ;-) I jk

[@lesaltolatapia]

I just love these 3 minute history videos❤❤

[@MrChangoxD]

Amazing Vid, it was super helpful for my presentation!

[@sami_ozsoy]

are you a historian, or just interested? :)

[@speedylala9968]

B interested

[@DonikaVH]

Great Bulgaria! Great Russia! A million thanks to the soldiers who gave their life for our Slavic Christian Nation !

[@aleksk4151]

Great Romania too bro. They helped

[@hurriyetperver5272]

Donika Hvarchilkova Did you know? Bulgarians are not Slav. They are asian tribe

[@hurriyetperver5272]

***** Bulgars are nor slav. If you wanna learn, do dna test

[@aleksk4151]

ozkan maybe you can be bulgarian. do a dna

[@hurriyetperver5272]

Aleksandar Kan There is no bulgaroid race. Are you dumb?

[@realevilcorgi]

I know it seems a little obvious, but you should do the World Wars. Just to cover your bases.

[@user-ew6ff7wg7y]

realevilcorgi It will be very more than 3 minutes.

[@realevilcorgi]

Бат Гошо you could sum it up in parts. "WW1: Austria-Hungary vs. Serbia" "WW1: A-H and Germany vs. Russia" "WW1: Ottoman Empire vs. Russia" "WW1: Japan vs. Germany" "WW1: The Western Allies vs. Germany" "WW1: The Western allies vs. Ottoman Empire (aka the Gallipolli episode)" "WW1: The Beginning" "WW1: The end and the treaty of Versailles" "WW2: The Beginning" "WW2: Japan vs. China" "WW2: Germany vs. Poland" "WW2: Germany vs. France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg" "WW2: Germany vs. Denmark, Norway" "WW2: The Battle for Britain" "WW2: Italy and Germany vs. The Balkan countries" "WW2: North Africa" "WW2: Operation Barbarossa" "WW2: USA vs. Japan" "WW2: Britain and USA vs. Italy" "WW2: USA and Britain vs. Germany" "WW2: Soviet Union vs. Germany" And tons of those could be merged together. Honestly, I'd love to see more detailed videos like these, Jabzy is the only war historian on KZbin, as far as I know. Might as well be precise.

[@UncopyrightTNT]

realevilcorgi You are forgetting ***** RudtheSpud The Great War among others

[@realevilcorgi]

UncopyrightTNT TheGreatWar only does The Great War, Rudd doesn't upload often. Never heard of Tigerstar, I'll check him out.

[@UncopyrightTNT]

realevilcorgi Still Historians

[@juliushakala5148]

'Kauan on kärsitty vilua ja nälkää, balkanin vuorilla taistellessa Oi kallis kotimaa Suomi sulo pohjola! Ei löydy maata sen armaampaa... Musiikki se pelasi kun pojat ne marssi, Gornij Dubnjakin valleilla!'

[@bdog2802]

Julius Hakala I know that song

[@juliushakala5148]

@@bdog2802 nice

[@shianeruu4359]

That moment when you realize that this war caused two world wars, 98 million deaths, space rockets, anime, and memes. Just think about it After this war, the Treaty of San Stefano was made. That treaty was kind of unfair so they made the Congress of Berlin in 1878 that satisfied Great Britain (by denying Russia to extend its naval power and to keep the Ottoman Empire as a European power) and Austria-Hungary (by allowing them to occupy Bosnia and Herzegovina). Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1908, making the Serbs mad. Archduke Franz Ferdinand traveled to Saravejo in 1914 to inspect the armed forces in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Their driver took a wrong turn and the archduke was assassinated by a Serb nationalist. All these happenings lead to WW1 Young Hitler was born in Austria-Hungary but loved Germany so much. He became a German soldier in WW1, got badly injured but was saved by a British soldier. Germany lost, received heavy sanctions, and suffered demilitarization, hyperinflation, and high unemployment rate for more than a decade. Hitler was poor but became a spy for Germany. Spied a supposed communist group but found out it was a fascist group. Joined it, rose to power in the government, and made Germany a superpower. All these happenings lead to WW2. Space rockets, anime, and memes soon followed after But I doubt anyone would bother to see this

[@yoghurtmaster1688]

genius

[@Viv8ldi]

The topic is one of the best you ever covered, somehow the audio and video are very hard to listen/watch and its hard to watch the whole thing

[@joebill4105]

Fantastic job Jazby. I love your work, I don't think I'll ever meet someone who come sum up wars as good as you. But I would like to make a small request, could you possibly make a video on The Rif War?

[@JabzyJoe]

joe bill I don't think many people try to sum up wars like this, so I'm a big fish in a little pond there. As for the Rif war it's on the list.

[@absolutelybased3251]

Brits ended up paying for it by getting slaughtered at Gallipoli

[@ShahanshahofPersia]

First! Also, nice video!

[@comments2840]

It's interesting here to observe the roles the western Europeans played, especially that of the British. National self-interest of these powers at the time left deep problems for the Balkan people later, through WW1, WW2, the cold war, and the new Balkan wars in the 1990s.

[@BoxCubeSquare]

Love the vids thanks

[@kibrisliboy2013]

l see a lot o comments talking about how Turks are weak and loosing wars against Russia and Balkan nations. Turks gained al of this territory with hand to hand brave fight not with using muskets like cowards( True story). Their technology was very bad so they were unable to create their own muskets, modern ships and artillery. At the other hand Russians were a new nation and they started to explore and invade resources rich Siberia. After conquest of Siberia, Russia became very huge, rich and populated country. So that's why Russians were a lot better in modern wars against old Ottomans which was corrupted, bankrupt and tired of war. Balkan nations were getting aid by all western powers in means of technology, weapons and other stuff.

[@nikoscarrotkiller1947]

fighting with muskets makes you coward now?that's the most stupid thing i 've heard all day

[@kibrisliboy2013]

+nikos carrotkiller well we have a very famous word for this in Turkish "Gun was invented, bravery was abandoned". If they had the same technology with Turks the results would be very different.

[@nikoscarrotkiller1947]

TheGrandTurk bravery wasn't abandoned....do you really think that they weren't any brave soldiers in world wars for example?and yhe whole reason this war even started was because the ottoman empire wae collapsing while the russian was rising

[@looloowhiskey]

Just a poor excuse for your petty empire crumbling

[@kibrisliboy2013]

+Richard Nixon well l'm not sad because Ottomans collapsed. We built a much stronger Turkish Republic from Ottoman Empire's ashes and now Turkey is 10th most powerful country in the world.

[@odysseusdiomedes3381]

Osman pasha resisted the Russians and Romania for 145 days with his small army compared to Russian Romanian armies yet he still won more battles than his enemies he had no reinforcements or help during and before the siege of Plevna got shot during the action and delayed the enemies approach to Constantinople/Istanbul and only surrendered because their supplies were already ended and had no rashings. When he surrendered the Russian general refused to take his sword and gave it back to him as a display of respect and received a medal from Russian throne for his bravery and victories against all odds. Later on his achievements not gone unnoticed by ottoman sultan and given the rank of Marshall. I’m Turkish myself and he is one of the few commanders I respect from the late ottoman era.

[@Karget46856]

Just want to correct a mistake,the city that you were talking about is not called "Plevne" it is called Pleven

[@mikehike596]

"Plevne" is Turkish, "Pleven" is Bulgarian and the city's correct word for English speakers would be "Plevna." .

[@davidm7446]

Tks 🇷🇺 ❤️

[@2AKgym]

The anglos have always stabbed Slavic people in the back. For centuries we have guarded Europe, and always had to fight battles with the east and south... And every. Single. Time. The Anglo Saxons have sided with the Muslims over their own """brothers""" as they like to call us now During the russo Turkish wars, the Albanian-Serbian wars, and the chechen wars the anglos sided with the Muslims My family was killed in 1996 when I was 3 years old in Grozny in a genocide that was supported by the west & anglos cheered on as Christian Russians were slaughtered by Muslim extremists house to house Isn't it ironic? Isn't it ironic how the same people that for centuries enslaved, destroyed, killed and genocided my people are now facing the same Islamic invasion we've always faced? And are looking up to us? В общем Англосаксы весьма плачевно оказались в своём же собственном капкане... Вопрос только в том - простим ли мы их? И впустим ли мы их в Россию когда их Евжопа в конец изламицируется?

[@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014]

I know right, i feel bad for both the Greeks and the Slavs (Orthodox nations) because they protected us from islam and how we thanked them (im not anglo neither greek) by stopping them to have their Orthodox capital because of interests. britain deserves to be under islamic rule, as a curse for what they did to many of its fellow Europeans and Westerners

[@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014]

@Big Boy Arnold man i just read further and saw your history, im so sad and sorry of what happened to your family and region, thats very dispicable, the anglo-americans are a stubborn race with no feelings but rather selfishness, they say they are for political correctness but only behave when islam or blacks are targeted. Are you an ethnic Russian of the Caucasus?

[@mikehike596]

_"During the russo Turkish wars, the Albanian-Serbian wars, and the chechen wars"_ Each of those examples was a case of aggressive and superior Orthodox Christians vs. oppressed Muslims. Why should the West have chosen to side with the aggressors? If you are going to use the word "genocide" to describe what happened in Grozny, you are diminishing the meaning of that word. If your family got killed, everyone would no doubt feel sorry. In fairness, you may want to get reacquainted with how Russia historically happened to come by Chechnya, and understand the excesses committed by Russia for such a long, long time. The West was sympathetic to how a handful of Chechens were attempting liberation during the first round, but during the second round (once Putin blew up apartment complexes in 1999, solidifying his power; he blamed the Chechens, but it was a lie: www.nybooks.com/articles/2012/11/22/finally-we-know-about-moscow-bombings/) , the West regarded the Chechens as "terrorists." After 9/11, the West had little sympathy for Muslims. The Chechens were oppressed, once again. .

[@abriefsummaryofhistory7449]

Gods revange on your People for the Circasian genocide

[@Вольныйказак-ю2й]

The title should be changed to "Russo-Romanian-Turkish war of 1877-78" . Without Romanian troops and logistical aid, Russians would have never breaken the Ottoman neck.Plevna,Smirdan,Vidin - these were just a part of battles that the Romanians won over the Turks.

[@shanks6404]

Osman Pasha destroyed you though

[@Вольныйказак-ю2й]

Shanks the only thing he destroyed was your honor ... he surrendered the city.Quote from wikipedia:"Then Russian-Romanian army got closer by 24 October. Supplies began to run low in the city. On 9 December, Osman Pasha decided to make rapid attack on Russian at night. They fought there sword to sword but it was 5 Russian soldiers to an Ottoman soldier. Osman Pasha’s troops were driven back and he was in the leg by a stray bullet. Rumors of Osman Pasha’s death made panic and Ottoman troops were driven back to Plevna. At the end of the battle, Ottoman lost 5.000, while Russia lost 2.000.The next day, Osman Pasha surrendered the city to the Romanian Colonel." en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osman_Nuri_Pasha

[@shanks6404]

Andrei Popescu well he was able to defend the City three times even though russian and romanian Forces were twice and even three times bigger but yeah ultimately he had to give up, russias army was just too big, glad this changed now russia doesnt have the Population it had in the past thx to nazis and communism killing and making russians older

[@Вольныйказак-ю2й]

Shanks you should know that the military doctrine says that the defending part has always the upperhand, because it is easy to defend a fortified possition than to attack it.So it is not a great feat that the Ottomans could resist the russian-romanian onslaught.The millitary doctrine also states that in order to successfully attack a well-fortiffied position the attacking forces have to have a 3 to 5 times more troops that the defendors.It is well known that there were around 40000 ottoman troops in Plevna and around 80000 Russian-Romanians, so the relation is 2:1, not 3:1 or 5:1 as the military doctrine says.So, the attacking part had to take greater risks and suffer greater losses.Even though the turks had possitional advantage they still couldn't hold their ground. And you think that Osman Pasa was worthy of the title "Gazi"?:))

[@shanks6404]

Andrei Popescu like i said man numbers matter we also had to defend us in the caucasus from russian Invasion so we could not concentrate our Forces while romanians,serbs,greeks,Montenegro and bulgarians all teamed up with russia, it was obvious that the Ottomans would lose

[@Queenbg1]

Finally somebody to admit that Macedonian land is populate by Bulgarians. ;)

[@Lebaneselinguist]

Jabzy can you do the first austro-Russian-Turkish war in 3 minutes?

[@MrJonnycm]

It's amazing how long some people can hold a grudge

[@ceritype1689]

The reason why ottoman empire ended is because they disbanded the yeniceri corp

[@citylightsish]

Latin Revoultions next please!

[@hurriyetperver5272]

English name: Russo-Turkish War 1877-78 Russian name: Ruski-turetskya voyna 1877-78 Turkish name: 93 Harbi(War of 93) Is it interesting?

[@generalpatton8468]

"Ruski"

[@FFFFFFF-FFFFFFFUUUUCCCC]

Rebellions look like mutant potatoes with a fork sticking out of it

[@PaxiKaksi]

The "great" forces always wanted us small why all the hate ? What did we do ? :D

[@makeris32]

+Mario Tsatsev Are you Russian or Turk because they wanted them both small like USA does now with every country

[@PaxiKaksi]

makeris32 Bulgarian

[@PaxiKaksi]

Sonny Loop Macedonia is Bulgarian that's the problem.

[@PaxiKaksi]

Sonny Loop Why do we have to kill ours brothers ?

[@PaxiKaksi]

Sonny Loop San Stefano then communists made you "Macedonians" ancient Macedonians were hellenic tribe aka Greeks stop stealing their history as well as ours Samuel is Bulgarian Gotse Delchev is Bulgarian Todov Alexandrov is Bulgarian. Klement of Ohrid (Ohridskiy) is Bulgarian from Mouesia(Mysia)

[@LawIV]

long time fan, but found the geography a little confusing. ever thought of including labels in these videos?

[@pokerface4696]

the comment section is cancer

[@blade5896]

These videos always are, full of "Deus vult" LARPers and fanatic Turks

[@mikehike596]

@@blade5896 I have been reading the comments section until I finally reached yours. I did not come across one example of "fanatic Turks." (You think some Turks who offer their feeble defense would be the equivalent of fanaticism?) "Deus vult" is Latin for "God wills it" and was a rallying cry for the Crusaders. There is certainly a lot of that, on this page. You have made a false equivalency. .

[@wankawanka3053]

Sounds about Turkish

[@JustinianG]

Orthodoxy>Islam

[@blade5896]

Islam>Orthodoxy

[@JustinianG]

Orthodoxy>Islam

[@blade5896]

Islam>Orthodoxy

[@JustinianG]

Islam Can't be > Orthodoxy cuz it's full of BS so Orthodoxy > Islam and that's how they won the balkan wars

[@blade5896]

Orthodoxy can't be > Islam cuz it's full of BS so Islam > Orthodoxy and that's how they occupied the balkans for 600 years

[@mehmetyok8434]

If it hadn't been Ottoman Empire's capital, Istanbul wouldn't have been as attractive and big as today.

[@stripes5171]

Meh Constantinople was bigger and had more culture when was in the Byzantine Empire was the greatest city of the world called Eyed and was keeper of Roman-Greek knowledge the ottomans only conquered and made Constantinople into joke and Constantinople lost their true Greek-roman culture if the byzantine empire survived Constantinople would be mush better also it is called Constantinople not Istanbul Istanbul just means "to the city "

[@mehmetyok8434]

Stripes When Ottoman Empire conquered Istanbul, Byzantine empire was already giving last breaths. And blame it on crusaders not Turks. Even if it hadn't been for Ottoman Empire, you would have been catholic today.

[@stripes5171]

Mehmet Yok yes the crusades did the great damage but remember it was the Turks who invaded Anatolia and conquer the greatest Byzantine province so the Byzantine emperor Alexius kommenos called for aid because the sultan Kilji Arslan made himself the sultan on Rum(rome) meaning the wanted the byzantine throne so the Turks were the main reason why the crusaders happen in the first place and after the 4 crusade the byzantine manage to get back on their feet and restore order and the lost provinces so we wouldn't be catholic now however the crusaders made more damage then the Turks but the Turks were the main reason why the empire fail so it is 50-50 fault for the both sides

[@mehmetyok8434]

Stripes Also Rome and Byzantine Empires tried to conquer whole middle east even the places where Arabs were living. They were powerful but at the end they fell. Also Ottoman Empire tried to conquer Europe but at the end she fell. Throughout history, all nations tried to conquer somewhere. You can not blame any nation for it. Because that is how people survived. Mongols forced Turks so Turks moved west and conquered Anatolia to create new homeland. Also today Turks' main lands in Middle Asia is under Chinese occupation.

[@frenchmasterrace574]

Mehmet Yok -_-

[@searcxx7269]

0:39 its stick?

[@VladVlad-ul1io]

Can u do a vid on the French-indian war? Or maybe Queen Anne's war. Or something related to the piracy in the Carribean, why did it happen, what territories they had and nice stuff like that. :D

[@JabzyJoe]

Avadhut Kasinadhuni I touched on them briefly in the videos on the Spanish War of Succession and the Seven Years War, but maybe I'll go into more detail. And I've been toying with the idea of doing something on Piracy, but I'm struggling to think of how best to do it.

[@VladVlad-ul1io]

ok Thanks for the info :D

[@worried9755]

Easy renditions quiet easy to follow.

[@amongstus4418]

This war can be summarized as 't. Eternal Anglo'

[@SI-cd7xs]

not exactly. britains prime minister at the time was a guy literally called israeli no joke. a jew.

[@neilghosh3821]

CapiTen10 his name was D’Israeli and he converted to Anglican Christianity in his youth

[@hannibalbarca2928]

1568-1570 Astrakhan Expedition (Russian Victory) [1] 1571, Fire of Moscow=Turk win 1572 Battle of Molodism (Russian Victory) [3] The Ottoman-Russian War of 1676-1681=Turk win 1686-1700 Ottoman-Russian War (Russian Victory) [5] 1710-1711 Prut war =Turk win 1768-1774 Ottoman-Russian War (Russian Victory) [9] 1735-1739 Ottoman-Russian-Austrian War=Turk win 1787-1792 Ottoman-Russian War (Russian Victory) [10] 1806-1812 Ottoman-Russian War=Turk win Ottoman-Russian War of 1806-1812 (Russian Victory) [11] The Crimean War of 1853-1856 =Turk win Ottoman-Russian War of 1828-1829 (Russian Victory) [13] 1914-1917 World War I Caucasus Front=Turk win.Although the battles were won, the Ottomans had no use as they lost World War I. The Ottoman-Russian War of 1877-1878 (Russian Victory) [15] So the victories and defeats are almost the same.Moreover, the Ottoman Empire was not technologically more powerful.it was also a very Great state that had received 30 years tax from Ottoman America.Although 625 years was a foreign race in Europe, it challenged the whole world.In the Ottoman Empire, the era of technology began to collapse.they believed in their military success, but what was important was military technology.

[@bosbanon3452]

I think ottoman should kept cyprus than the gunpowder

[@Jupesh-d9m]

This war cause to compel Leo Tolstoy to write the famous novel "" war and peace ""

[@mranimeandmrgamerchanel1346]

Its no plevna its Pleven плевен yes i am from Bulgaria but not from Pleven i am from Stara Zagora Village Malka Vereq

[@mihailupu5107]

in 1877 it was called Plevna, the name changed since.

[@user-ew6ff7wg7y]

130 years later - Bulgaria more not returned the territories in Macedonia and Adrianople. Bulgarians fought only for the hollow Macedonia in the two World Wars on the wrong side, only to liberate this land whit population of bulgars and albans. But Stalin create the false country Macedonia and give the sount bulgarian territorries to the greeks, because they fought on the side of the Allies.

[@TheLoyalOfficer]

Flying babies and potatoes with pitchforks coming out of them! Oh no!

[@tritonewt3344]

KAUAN ON KÄRSITTY

[@tarikbosnian9955]

Why didnt you mention the Bosnian uprising that was like the most successful one and it was not funded or helped by any outside force

[@mikehike596]

The video twice reinforced the "Terrible Turk" stereotype, first at the 1:12 mark by referring to how the Bulgarians' revolt resulted in _"brutalities_ (that) _caused an international outcry."_ In the West, the Turks have been slandered for centuries, given their one-time power and their religion. The Liberal prime minister of Britain, frothing at the mouth with his hatred, exemplified what many in his country were raised to believe, by calling the Turks the _"anti-human species of inhumanity,"_ in reference to reports regarding Bulgaria, often made up by bigoted journalists willing to satisfy a readership that loved to read tales of Turkish inhumanity. An honest Englishman, C.F. Dixon-Johnson, revealed what was behind the "Bulgarian Horrors," in his 1916 booklet, _The Armenians:_ louisville.edu/a-s/history/turks/Dixon-Johnson.pdf The second reference was at the 1:46 mark where the narrator referred to previous _"Ottoman atrocities."_ Certainly, Westerners regarded Turks as having it in their nature to commit "atrocities" (and not to say the Turks were angels; yet they are commonly perceived to be devils in the West, in comparison to "civilized" Western powers who have acted far more abominably throughout their histories), but when one consults propaganda, it does not serve to enhance one's credibility, when the idea is to get at the truth of these matters. (Video maker, please take note.) What was missing in this video was the *unbelievable* way in which the Russians behaved during this 1877-78 war, in terms of their ethnic cleansings, at the hands of the Cossacks and others. There are many reports by Western reporters that are on record for this war, giving hair-raising accounts (e.g. all fingers of victims, including women, being chopped off) of the sadism with which the Orthodox Christians have a tendency to behave, when they get the upper hand against Turkish/Turkic people. (Russia has committed several "genocides," against Circassians, Crimean Turks and Tatars, as examples; the world does not know, nor care.) _Death and Exile,_ written by Prof. Justin McCarthy, has been around since 1995, and has been *ignored* by the genocide world, while they make sure to emphasize the "Armenian genocide" charge, made for political and prejudicial purposes, and for which *no evidence* exists (as the British themselves discovered during their 1919-21 Malta Tribunal investigation; the factual evidence points to how Ottomans attempted to *safeguard* the Armenians, as comical as that will no doubt come across to those who have been brainwashed). The book documents how *five million* Ottoman Turks, Muslims and Jews were annihilated, and another *five million* were expelled, in the century ending circa WWI. These particularly include: 1) The First Balkan War, where Greeks, Bulgarians and "Yugoslavians" killed over 600,000, expulsing over 800,000 more, 2) The 1921 Greek War of Independence, where 25,000 Turks where heartlessly done away with, 3) The 1919-21 Greek invasion sponsored by Great Britain, where the invaders and their Armenian allies did away with 640,000; even Raphael Lemkin had classified this as a "genocide," 4) Unrelated to the Ottoman experience, but worth noting as a lead to the next one: the systematic extermination campaign conducted by Armenians against the Tatars (Turkic peoples of Transcaucasia) since 1828, which was very analogous to the Holocaust, and: 5) Once the Ottoman-Armenians rebelled, the way in which they systematically eliminated over *one half million* Turks, Muslims and Jews, from 1914-20. This one is significant, given how the biased Western world has presented Armenians as innocents, in support of the false "Armenian genocide." (1919 report of two very surprised anti-Turkish Americans: louisville.edu/a-s/history/turks/Niles_and_Sutherland.pdf 6) Worth mentioning is how the leader of the 1974 Cyprus coup, Nikos Sampson, admitted in a Greek newspaper interview that if Turkey had not exercised her legal 1960 "Treaty of Guarantee" right to intervene, he would have cleaned out every Turkish Cypriot on the island. The genocide world is driven by two cases, for political purposes, one real, and the other fake. If the Armenians are exposed as the exterminators they were -- and still are, having given a small taste of their murderous ways in their 1992 invasion of Karabakh -- one of the two prized "genocide" cases would become endangered. This is why Turks cannot be thought of as victims, and they always must be perceived as villains. (As many of the hateful commenters on this page demonstrate, that is not a difficult thing to do.) Yet the irony is, the world of genocide enjoys presenting themselves as being for "human rights." How then, could they have chosen, for so long, to remain completely *silent* about this devastating "Holocaust" that the Turks have suffered? The answer is, genocide is not about "morality." It is all about politics, and all about *racism.* .

[@bigboyrambo2009]

Great comment

[@vasil.kamdzhalov]

For the bulgarian stuff ,as you are very ignorant and like to read words not to go places, go to Batak and see the church and what is inside and what is left of the city. Probably you won't but you could. Every second person lost his head children, women and men alike. Women were raped. People were asked of their money in the hopes of being left but still killed. Whole villages disappeared too so no it wasn't biased opinion. I continued reading and your so fucked in the hopes of clearing humanity from racism in this case the turks that you wrote even crazier shit. The almighty lie of the Armenian genocide is actually true sorry to say it to you and again tell it to the half armenians the just "disappeared" from the world, while they were left to die in hunger. Your so stupid, I'm so sorry for you and mad. In your goal to be righteous you ignored facts over some pages written 80 years later and you dishonour the people that have died.

[@peterdenov4898]

Yea the poor unfortunate Ottomans! It's not like Christians had been always treated like garbage in the empire. Umm... ughh.... nothing happened in Batak but if the Bulgarians really wanted their children to be spared Asparuh never should've had settled foot on the Balkans. The Armenians? It didn't happen but they deserved it! The Greeks and Serbs? It's entirety justifiable because (Insert something irrelevant from 1913)

[@0249er]

oh please do some wars in the Caucasus please please please!!!!!

[@JabzyJoe]

0249er Which one?

[@0249er]

Jabzy probably the most important would be the Caucasian War since it effects so many peoples lives in the area today and thats the cool one other then that Persian Expedition of 1796 or the war that included the battle of Krtsanisi i dont know what the actual war is called

[@mats123duck]

Jabzy Chechen war.

[@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014]

Yeah it sounds a good topic

[@DarknessBlossoms]

Love the brits, also Istanbul

[@blade5896]

Are you Turkish ?

[@GoldenFleece148]

You should really do the American civil war

[@trojanhorse7897]

Funny to hear the same history from different sources. All turks, brits and Russians have a different story.

[@janeza382]

Constantine the Great was a Roman Emperor from 306 to 337 AD, and before him city name was Alexandria. Цариград kzbin.info/www/bejne/mJ7Io6GnaZt4Y5o

[@Cheluis82]

Alexader II looks like Flanders

[@UrNotaClown.UrTheEntireCircus]

Lol yes 😂😂

[@ajb229]

I hate to be pedantic but it was over 4 minutes

[@goldeneagle8721]

Greece got independence in 1821 we didn't wait for the russians to help in 1877 We got independence before any slave country in balkans did

[@goldeneagle8721]

nanda shimata what war? 1922? 2 french ship and 1 british was so much help on the ground war

[@goldeneagle8721]

nanda shimata 2 french ship and 1 british ship offered help on the ground war?

[@goldeneagle8721]

nanda shimata no we won the independence war learn history

[@goldeneagle8721]

Илья Ветров Russia helped us ! We organized our Rebellion in Russia But the greek soldiers won the war Saying that we lost the independence war is an insult to all the thousand greek soldiers that died for a free Greece

[@goldeneagle8721]

Илья Ветров Of course my friend are you russian?

[@ioannisalbatros.greece.ath3372]

we love russia and vladinir poutin in greece orthodox brothers

[@KnownNiche1999]

SKTW 890 I guess they write it like that in Greek or something

[@kaloqnchyyy]

i say we make a balkan federation and be done with it...

[@kaloqnchyyy]

to who are you talking ?

[@hak525]

Καλογιανης καμμενος απιστευτα πραγματα

[@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014]

Yeah i agree with you even if i ain't balkan. Btw balkan is a perso-turkish name, should change it to Roman-Greek time name "HAEMUS" Mons Haemus (balkan mountains)

[@PhilWood82]

It looks like British PM Disraeli in 4:03

[@JabzyJoe]

***** Good spot, that's who it was supposed to be.

[@PhilWood82]

Huzzah! 😀

[@JabzyJoe]

Can you guess any others?

[@leakycheese]

Abdülmecid I representing the Ottomans? Cool video :)

[@PhilWood82]

Napoleon III makes a cameo, but there's also Emperor Franz Josef of Austria-Hungary (did he have grey facial hair in the 1870s)?

[@metkic94]

Basiclly it took french , british and sardinians to side with turks to stop russians and stop liberating of eastren roman empire . . .

[@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014]

Im sure no turkish teachers teaches that to the students because it would be a national shame to count on western Christian help to fight a Eastern Orthodox Behemoth. There is no credibility to admire a such failed nation: ottoman empire and turkey, because they were saved, unlike other nations who would have to fight until the very end to survive

[@ChillyBenpa]

Saguntum-Iberian-Greek Konstantinopoli lol nice joke

[@AgarthaFan]

I’m banging my head against my wall

[@glendamoncayo7641]

Watched this in x2 speed

[@TrRunner6]

In the command of Kemal Ataturk, you should be thankful you didn't lose your own country instead of whining about losing Istanbul.

[@blade5896]

Who gave up and ran?

[@neilghosh3821]

Omer Faruk Gunay take away Soviet and Italian supply force helping the Turks and things would be different

[@mikehike596]

@@neilghosh3821 Thank you, "Nostradamus," for your infallible historical projection. As the British and the French were war-weary and unwilling to commit troops, the outcome would have been the same. Whatever help these nations provided was practically inconsequential. Italy had occupied the Antalya region in 1919, committing atrocities, and also fought a war with the Ottomans in 1911-12, when Italy decided to steal Libya. (In short, Italy was of the mind to dismember what was left of the Ottoman Empire, more of an enemy than a friend.) If Italy provided help (the degree for which you are not even aware), it was because they did not wish for "rival" Greece to get powerful. (Greece invaded in 1919, and with the help of Armenians, went on to commit what Raphael Lemkin labeled as a genocide, until 1922; they systematically mass-murdered 640,000 innocent Turks, Muslims and Jews.) It wasn't as though Italy was going to go out of its way to help Turks, and the Soviets were focusing on internal affairs fresh after their revolution. Whatever assistance these two nations provided would have been obtained elsewhere. (The Turks obtained much weaponry from retreating Greeks.) It was Turkish resolve which enabled Turkey to be the only member of the Central Powers to not get victimized by the Entente. Here you are, ignorantly surmising Italy and the Soviet Union made the difference. Ir's people like you that should make Al Gore sorry for having invented the Internet. .

[@mikehike596]

@@neilghosh3821 I gave you the benefit of a doubt regarding Italian assistance, although I had never heard of it. Later on this page, I ran into this comment by "Barbarossa ": _"No European state aided Turkey, that's an uneducated comment. Only Communist Russia sold some rifles to Republican army and that's all."_ .

[@wankawanka3053]

Haahha what are you talking about

[@yograjverma5620]

Can i get this in hindi☹️

[@Un.om.patriot.1284]

No😊

[@christiantoste3585]

Who won?

[@frenchmasterrace574]

The russians

[@muzafferturhan]

+Stillian Atanasov no one. it's war.

[@Khoditsky]

Russia caused the collapse of Ottoman empire and liberated eastern Europe, which many eastern europeans remember and are thankful for to this day. So, Russia won the war, though they didn't reclaim Constantinople as they wanted and suffered civil war and the rise of communism as a result.

[@christiantoste3585]

I thought the allied powers in WW1 caused the collapse of the ottoman empire. Russia wa s not an allied power and was not invited to the peace talks.

[@Khoditsky]

Christian Toste Russia weakened ottoman empire allied powers just finished the job like scavengers lol. Just like ww2 when russia fought and defeated most of the nazis.

[@robevans8629]

How do you know all this stuff?

[@jophielswings]

Just type in the words Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878 and boom google

[@aragorn4884]

So many racist comments here

[@wankawanka3053]

Turks being turks

[@ibatan7243]

Sorry Jabzy 3 minutes is good for NOTHING. Kdly make it longer and more detailed. Tks.

[@petrovich_sokolov]

It's not Plevne, it's Pleven

[@JabzyJoe]

At the time it was Plevna. So most sources call it the siege of Plevna.

[@chrisstrakosch4832]

Sirs, you have the Russian flag upside down in your graphics

[@JabzyJoe]

chris strakosch you mean at 0:16? That was the early serb flag.

[@omeroz7367]

Costantinapole conquered when central powers lost ww1.But Mustapha kemal pasha take it back

[@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014]

No, the treaty of lausanne give it back because the ottomans and later turks didn't have a navy, even if they did they had the Royal navy in the Bosphorus so it was given back, by the order of foreign armies to evacuate it.

[@ayazmeyhanesi]

Hayır sadece işgaldeydi

[@mikehike596]

@@saguntum-iberian-greekkons7014 The reason why _"the treaty of lausanne give it back"_ was because Kemal was victorious. The hostile Allies were not going to concede anything to the Turks, when they were of the mind to dismember the Ottoman nation through secret treaties beginning in March of 1915. Particularly since the British and the French *evilly* tried to put their plan of forever getting rid of Turkey into action only three years before Lausanne, with the Treaty of Sèvres. Lausanne did not give anything back.The British had no choice; the alternative would have been war, something the British public would not have stood for in 1923. The one you responded to was correct. It was indeed _"Mustapha kemal pasha_ (who) "take it back."_ .

[@wankawanka3053]

It was given back not taken

[@mosav814]

Good job comrades we won the war

[@Gokturk87]

Russia +Serbia +Romania +Bulgaria ( more than 900 000 soldiers ) vs Ottomans , Polish legion , and small caucasian unities ( maximum 300 000 soldiers ) .Despite that , The Ottomans fought well , specially in Plevna .

[@SI-cd7xs]

ottomans were a mass of various nationalities themselves though, thats how they managed to such a dominant position in the balklans. numbers.

[@forzaa867]

Jabzy it's called Istanbul not Constantinople.

[@frenchmasterrace574]

AlteregoFool No It's Constantinople The Turks changed it to Istanbul It's still Constantinople for me and the Christian world

[@frenchmasterrace574]

AlteregoFool No It's Constantinople The Turks changed it to Istanbul It's still Constantinople for me and the Christian world

[@goranperssonfanaccount1956]

Hona Hona they renamed it istanbul when turkey was founded. It was called konstantiyye during the ottoman empire. And it wasnt built in 325 it was built in the 600s bc or something by the greeks, who called it byzantium. It was constantine who renamed it constantinople, so by that logic, constantinople is also a fake name. But you wont see it that way since constantine wasnt a muslim that you can irrationaly hate

[@wankawanka3053]

Cry about it

[@inter3684]

German Machine will trample on RussLand next time unstoppable

[@calsupurge1351]

Plevne...

[@nektarpanagiotis6707]

How the fuck is this 3 minutes

[@kubilayokdas3366]

Friend you misdrew a little bit fall of Plavna. When Osman Pasha delivered his sword and 40.000 men, Russians gave his sword back and release him due to his military tactics in defending. So showing of our greatest generals while his hands in air can be inferred as contempt by our nationalist (they are actually racist) youngs. Please draw them more normal.

[@Puzzoozoo]

Different times, but the same old shit.

[@fatihsultanmehmedhanhazret3507]

ALLAHU EKBEEEEERRR

[@neilghosh3821]

Fatih Sultan Mehmed Han Hazretleri you lost

[@euyeonkhan9560]

Do you know that Russia empire was finally defeated by Ottoman Turkey in 1918/03/03 when Russia first suggested armistice agreement to ottoman and defected from 'Triple Entente' because of their revolution. one of the reasons why Bolsheviki Revolution was occured is for 'russia-ottoman war' during ww1 in which russia was triumphant at first but they became exhausted later after they suffered counterattack led by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the heroic general of turkey. Russia ran out of supplies and it led to Bolsheviki Revolution.

[@89tvd]

cool story bob

[@Leo-pd2dq]

Euyeon Khan what a load of bullshit, Both germany and the rise of socialism caused russias revolution, which caused the supply shortage in the caucasus, the turks simply got lucky russia was finally stopped by something, themselves couldn’t have done shit to russia, just like in the crimean war

[@wankawanka3053]

Nice joke bro😂you guys froze to death

[@varain87]

The real winner of this war was the Romanian army !!!

[@flaviuslupu2532]

BULGARIANS DIDN'T PLAY A MAJOR ROLE IN THIS CONFLICT !!!!!!!!

[@vasil.kamdzhalov]

Our voluntiers were few but had great accuracy, they even competed with some russian troops that how they found it.

[@Фниксъ]

The Bulgarians won Russia the war, it was already a disaster. Haven't the 2,500 chetniks decisively defended the Shipka pass, another Russian offensive southwards would've been impossible. Suleyman Pasha has already tricked the Russian high command of his main objectives.

[@flaviuslupu2532]

@@Фниксъ WRONG ...U LIE !!!!!!!

[@Фниксъ]

@@flaviuslupu2532 Then written history lies too. Take your pills and get your facts straight.

[@flaviuslupu2532]

@@Фниксъ written history always lies and is manipulated...u better go back to school to learn better fool !!!!!!!

[@jamiengo2343]

Everyone is bashing on Britain for them keeping the balance of peace in Europe. GG!!! This shows how Britain used its naval power to counter any power that was too powerful due to conquest

[@D0wNhiLL]

Funny how Britain used "its power" to intervene but turkish brutalities were just fine. I guess if Turkey put knives in british people's throats their mindset would have been completely different.

[@avengersana]

Would Love to see Britain becoming an Islamic country, not very far I'm sure😆

[@ik5759]

It's not Constantinople. It's 'Istanbul'

[@ДмитрийЯковлев-ч5ч]

Konstanopol)

[@harryvids9787]

nah you guy's change it

[@georgezissis9244]

How about giving it a real name. The phrase 'Ie stin poli' is Greek for ,' to the city', as in the way you would tell someone " I am going to the city". The Turks didn't like its Greek name , so they changed it to its Greek name. Imagine changing the name of New York to The City on all maps.

[@mikehike596]

@@georgezissis9244 _"The Turks didn't like its Greek name , so they changed it to its Greek name."_ That is a contradictory and therefore senseless statement. The "Constantinople" name stuck for centuries because the Christian West was in denial over this symbol of Christianity to no longer be in Christian hands. Every Muslim Ottoman and many non-Muslim Ottomans called the city by the name it was given shortly after its 1453 conquest, the same name the city is known as today. It is highly discourteous to call "someone" a name other than what that "someone" has designated for him/herself. .

[@296yashinuddinvolg2]

15296